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Royal Jelly Diet For In-Vitro Rearing Of Bumble Bee Larvae, Shannon Heiner

Research on Capitol Hill

Royal Jelly Diet for in-vitro Rearing of Bumble Bee Larvae

Successful in-vitro rearing of honey bees (Apis mellifera) has supported scientific advancements through accelerated laboratory research studies. However, in-vitro rearing has never successfully been conducted for any species of bumble bee larvae. The objective of this research was to test techniques to rear bumble bee larvae in-vitro. With in-vitro rearing, researchers are able to control and manipulate variables such as diet and pesticide exposure, to observe their effects on the study organisms. Additionally, comparison of experimental data to natural situations can lead to insights about the performance of bumble …

Identifying Multiple Predictors Of Physical Rehabilitation Outcomes, Jacklyn M. Sullivan, Elizabeth B. Fauth, Sydney Y. Schaeffer

Research on Capitol Hill

Previous studies have suggested that disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) is an outcome of cognitive impairment, physical limitations, psychosocial factors, and environmental constraints. We hypothesis that cognitive abilities and psychosocial factors measured at admission can be used to predict a patients physical therapy progression in a transitional care facility. Environmental conditions were held constant for all patients and physical limitations were not used as a predictor of therapy progression, as the test for therapy progression is based on physical ability. In a sample of adults (n=93) aged 38-98 receiving physical rehabilitation treatment, we collected Minimum Data Set (MDS) …

Proteome Basis Of Muscle‐Specific Beef Color Stability, Mahesh Narayanan Nair

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Fresh beef color is critical to consumers’ purchase decisions, and beef color stability is muscle-specific. Sarcoplasmic proteome plays a critical role in beef color stability. This dissertation focuses on the proteome basis of inter- and intra-muscular variations in beef color.

The first experiment examined the sarcoplasmic proteome of three beef muscles with differential color stability, i.e., longissimus lumborum (LL), psoas major (PM), and semitendinosus (ST), during wet-aging. LL, PM, and ST (n = 8) were subjected to wet-aging for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. On each aging day, steaks were fabricated, and color and other biochemical attributes were evaluated …

Differential Activity And Content Of High-Affinity Glutamate Transporters, Content Of Their Regulatory Proteins, And Capacity For Glutamine And Glutathione Synthesis In Tissues Of Finished Versus Growing Steers, Jing Huang

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Improvement of feeding regimens for production animals has been hindered by a lack of fundamental knowledge about how the capacity to regulate nutrient absorption across cell membranes affects the function of nutrient metabolizing enzymes. The objective is to determine if the activities and protein content of system X^-_AG glutamate transporter, its regulatory protein (GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutathione (GSH) content, changes in liver (Experiment 1), longissimus dorsi (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SF) (Experiment 2) as beef steers transitioned from predominantly-lean (growing) to -lipid (finished) tissue accretion phases. In liver (Experiment 1), system X^{- …}

A Radioelement Analysis Of The Northern Black Hills, South Dakota, U.S.A., Dylan Wade Young

Theses and Dissertations

The uranium, thorium, and potassium contents from 736 samples, within a 15-km radius of the Homestake Gold Mine and Sanford Underground Research Facility in the Northern Black Hills indicate the geoneutrino background may be higher than average for the continental crust. The radioactive element contents of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks were determined by gamma ray spectrometry. Many rocks show hydrothermal and metamorphic alteration within the last ten Ma of the Tertiary period. Young alkali rich igneous rocks, such as rhyolite, phonolite and other volcanic rocks, have lower than average Th:U ratios. The radioelement content of 215 igneous rocks were …

A Survey Measuring The Efficacy Of Duty And Rest Guidelines In Business Aviation Operations, Timothy Wollmuth

Theses and Dissertations

Despite improved understanding of fatigue, reduced cognitive ability continues to contribute to aviation accidents (Drury, Ferguson, & Thomas, 2012; Noy et al., 2011). A comprehensive fatigue study on business aviation (BA) operations in the US has not been published since "Crew Factors in Flight Operations XIII: A Survey of Fatigue Factors in Corporate/Executive Aviation Operations" (Rosekind, Co, Gregory, & Miller, 2000). This study, modeled after the Rosekind survey and conducted in collaboration with the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA), updated the baseline for fatigue in BA, qualitatively examined fatigue perceptions in BA, and examined the efficacy of the “Flight Safety …

Vorticella: A Protozoan For Bio-Inspired Engineering, Sangjin Ryu, Rachel E. Pepper, Moeto Nagai, Danielle C. France

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this review, we introduce Vorticella as a model biological micromachine for microscale engineering systems. Vorticella has two motile organelles: the oral cilia of the zooid and the contractile spasmoneme in the stalk. The oral cilia beat periodically, generating a water flow that translates food particles toward the animal at speeds in the order of 0.1–1 mm/s. The ciliary flow of Vorticella has been characterized by experimental measurement and theoretical modeling, and tested for flow control and mixing in microfluidic systems. The spasmoneme contracts in a few milliseconds, coiling the stalk and moving the zooid at 15–90 mm/s. Because the …

Criminal Law—When Apples Tatse Like Oranges, You Cannot Judge A Book By Its Cover: How To Fight Emerging Synthetic "Designer" Drugs Of Abuse, Andrew Payne Norwood

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Using Pre-Reading Strategies To Provide Historical Context In A Literature Course, Tisha Ulmer

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

Students find that pre-reading activities which help them make a personal transaction with the past also help them read earlier African American writers with intensified insight.

Rattling Cages, Pamela B. Childers

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

A revered writing-center advocate recalls how texts she has written and read grew out of resistance to the social inequities that educational institutions tend to reinforce.

Plumx: A Tool To Showcase Academic Profile And Distinction, Elise Y. Wong, Sarah M. Vital

Staff Works

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Flapping Wing Test Stand, Darnisha Crane

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

The Cytotoxicity Of Essential Oils On Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells, Desalyn Johnson, Shaylee Green

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Disprot 7.0: A Major Update Of The Database Of Disordered Proteins, Damiano Piovesan, Francesco Tabaro, Ivan Mičetić, Marco Necci, Federica Quaglia, Christopher J. Oldfield, Maria Cristina Aspromonte, Norman E. Davey, Radoslav Davidović, Zsuzsanna Dosztányi, Arne Elofsson, Alessandra Gasparini, András Hatos, Andrey V. Kajava, Lajos Kalmar, Emanuela Leonardi, Tamas Lazar, Sandra Macedo-Ribeiro, Mauricio Macossay-Castillo, Attila Meszaros, Giovanni Minervini, Nikoletta Murvai, Jordi Pujols, Daniel B. Roche, Edoardo Salladini, Eva Schad, Antoine Schramm, Beata Szabo, Agnes Tantos, Fiorella Tonello, Konstantinos D. Tsirigos, Nevena Veljković, Salvador Ventura, Wim Vranken, Per Warholm, Vladimir N. Uversky, A. Keith Dunker, Sonia Longhi, Peter Tompa, Silvio C.E. Tosatto

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

The Database of Protein Disorder (DisProt, URL: www.disprot.org) has been significantly updated and upgraded since its last major renewal in 2007. The current release holds information on more than 800 entries of IDPs/IDRs, i.e. intrinsically disordered proteins or regions that exist and function without a well-defined three-dimensional structure. We have re-curated previous entries to purge DisProt from conflicting cases, and also upgraded the functional classification scheme to reflect continuous advance in the field in the past 10 years or so. We define IDPs as proteins that are disordered along their entire sequence, i.e. entirely lack structural elements, and IDRs as …

Human Cyclophilin 40 Unravels Neurotoxic Amyloids, Jeremy D. Baker, Lindsey B. Shelton, Dali Zheng, Filippo Favretto, Bryce A. Nordhues, April Darling, Leia E. Sullivan, Zheying Sun, Parth K. Solanki, Mackenzie D. Martin, Amirthaa Suntharalingam, Jonathan J. Sabbagh, Stefan Becker, Eckhard Mandelkow, Vladimir N. Uversky, Markus Zweckstetter, Chad A. Dickey, John Koren Iii, Laura J. Blair

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

The accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins is a pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders. The aberrant accumulation of the microtubule associating protein tau (MAPT, tau) into toxic oligomers and amyloid deposits is a primary pathology in tauopathies, the most common of which is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Intrinsically disordered proteins, like tau, are enriched with proline residues that regulate both secondary structure and aggregation propensity. The orientation of proline residues is regulated by cis/trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases). Here we show that cyclophilin 40 (CyP40), a PPIase, dissolves tau amyloids in vitro. Additionally, CyP40 ameliorated silver-positive and oligomeric tau species in a mouse model …

A Comprehensive Survey Of The Roles Of Highly Disordered Proteins In Type 2 Diabetes, Zhihua Du, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and progressive disease that is strongly associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) related to either insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production. Among the various molecular events and players implicated in the manifestation and development of diabetes mellitus, proteins play several important roles. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database has information on 34 human proteins experimentally shown to be related to the T2DM pathogenesis. It is known that many proteins associated with different human maladies are intrinsically disordered as a whole, or contain intrinsically disordered regions. The presented study shows …

Dostoevsky As Juvenile Justice Advocate And Progenitor Of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Amy D. Ronner

St. Thomas Law Review

In this Article, I explore this fixation with childhood suffering and suggest that Dostoevsky implicitly predicted the core tenets of a relatively new legal movement, called "therapeutic jurisprudence" ("TJ"), and I broach the question of why this matters. In an effort to provide an answer, I identify Dostoevsky as an early ombudsman for therapeutic juvenile justice and link him to the voiceless "polyphonic" voices in The Brothers Karamazov and to what I denominate the poly-personae of A Writer's Diary.

Toxoplasma Gondii Ap2ix-4 Regulates Gene Expression During Bradyzoite Development, Sherri Huang, Michael J. Holmes, Joshua B. Radke, Dong-Pyo Hong, Ting-Kai Liu, Michael W. White, William J. Sullivan Jr.

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite of great importance to human and animal health. In the host, this obligate intracellular parasite persists as a tissue cyst that is imperceptible to the immune response and unaffected by current therapies. The tissue cysts facilitate transmission through predation and give rise to chronic cycles of toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients. Transcriptional changes accompany conversion of the rapidly replicating tachyzoites into the encysted bradyzoites, and yet the mechanisms underlying these alterations in gene expression are not well defined. Here we show that AP2IX-4 is a nuclear protein exclusively expressed in tachyzoites and bradyzoites undergoing division. …

Photophysical Properties Of Fluorescent Probe Thioflavin T In Crowded Milieu, Natalia P. Rodina, Maksim I. Sulatsky, Anna I. Sulatskaya, Irina M. Kuznetsova, Vladimir N. Uversky, Konstantin K. Turoverov

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Thioflavin T (ThT) is a widely used fluorescent probe of amyloid fibrils, which accompanies many serious neurodegenerative and other diseases. Until recently, examinations of processes of amyloid fibril formation in vitro were conducted in solutions whose properties were significantly different from those found inside the densely packed cells. Such crowded cellular milieu is typically simulated in vitro using concentrated solutions of inert polymers, which do not usually interact with proteins. However, these crowding agents can have a direct effect on the ThT molecule, and this effect must be taken into account. We examined the influence of PEG-400, PEG-12000, and Dextran-70 …

Looking At The Recent Advances In Understanding Α-Synuclein And Its Aggregation Through The Proteoform Prism, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Despite attracting the close attention of multiple researchers for the past 25 years, α-synuclein continues to be an enigma, hiding sacred truth related to its structure, function, and dysfunction, concealing mechanisms of its pathological spread within the affected brain during disease progression, and, above all, covering up the molecular mechanisms of its multipathogenicity, i.e. the ability to be associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. The goal of this article is to present the most recent advances in understanding of this protein and its aggregation and to show that the remarkable structural, functional, and dysfunctional multifaceted nature of α-synuclein can …

National Survey Of Student Engagement 2017 High-Impact Practices, National Survey Of Student Engagement

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) Reports

High-Impact Practices report provides a summary of the information contained in survey of first year and senior students on undergraduate opportunities that are designated as high-impact. Students are surveyed on participation in service-learning, learning community, research with faculty, internship or field experience, study abroad, and culminating senior experience.

The Good Life, Molly Kelley

Writing Across the Curriculum

Throughout generations the world has constantly progressed through medicine and technology, which has led to our inevitable evolution. But, a part of society that has not changed is our main individual goals of reaching “the good life,” as shown as evidence in literature. Authors like Plato, Aristotle, and those of the Bible wrote about the importance of happiness, virtues, and education as they pertain to this journey to “the good life.” Many feel that what they state is still pertinent today.

League Of Women Voters V. State: The Rejection Of Public And Private Hybridity Within Washington State Schools, Laura Habein

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

On September 4, 2015, in a 6-3 decision in League of Women Voters of Washington v, State, the Washington State Supreme Court became the first in the nation to deem charter schools funded by taxpayers unconstitutional. Charter schools in Washington are not governed by elected boards; thus, the Court found charter schools unaccountable to voters and not public enough to be deemed “common schools” under the state constitution. This recent decision splits with supreme courts in many other states who recently faced similar constitutional challenges. Thus, the question comes to mind: How public is public enough when determining the constitutionality …

Overexpression Of Human Glutamine Transporters In Rat Liver Epithelial Cells Provides Insights Into Their Role In Cell Growth And Potential Pharmacological Inhibition As Cancer Targets, Aparna Agarwal

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The amino acid Glutamine not only serves several important metabolic and physiological roles in the body, but is also a coveted substrate that drives the growth of tumors. Unlike normal liver cells (hepatocytes) that transport glutamine through "System N" (SNAT3, SNAT 5), human hepatoma cells (liver cancer cells) take up glutamine several times faster through transporters distinct from System N, such as System ASC (e.g. ASCT2) and System B⁰'⁺ (e.g. ATB⁰'⁺). Previous studies have implicated these transporters in driving a wide variety of human cancers and have also shown that silencing these transporters, especially ASCT2, lead to apoptosis and inhibited …

Black Lives Matter: Decrypting Encrypted Racism, Basil Ugorji

Ethnic Studies Review

The agitation of the Black Lives Matter movement has dominated the public discourse in the United States. Mobilized against the killing of unarmed black people, the movement and their sympathizers have made a series of demands for justice and dignity for the black people. However, many critics have raised concern over the legitimacy of the phrase, black lives matter since all lives irrespective of race, should matter. This article does not intend to pursue the ongoing debate over the semantic use of black lives or all lives. Instead, the paper seeks to study, through the lenses of the African American …

The Birth Of A Cinematic Storyline Normalizing Violence Against Black Lives, James Curiel

Ethnic Studies Review

The first Hollywood blockbuster, The Birth of a Nation, did more than establish cinematic conventions of camera techniques and movie distribution, for it also established a conventional storyline whereby white, patriarchal power is re-established through violence led by a white savior. This storyline can be traced throughout the history of major blockbusters such as Gone with the Wind of 1939, the cavalry trilogy by John Ford in the 1940s, The Omega Man from 1971, and The Outlaw Josie Wales from 1976. A quandary thus arises as to why The Birth of a Nation is held in such infamy and disdain …

Regulation Tomorrow: What Happens When Technology Is Faster Than The Law?, Mark D. Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal Ph.D., Erik P.M. Vermeulen

American University Business Law Review

In an age of constant, complex and disruptive technological innovation, knowing what, when, and how to structure regulatory interventions has become more difficult. Regulators find themselves in a situation where they believe they must opt for either reckless action (regulation without sufficient facts) or paralysis (doing nothing). Inevitably in such a case, caution tends to trump risk. But such caution merely functions to reinforce the status quo and makes it harder for new technologies to reach the market in a timely or efficient manner.

The solution: lawmaking and regulatory design needs to become more proactive, dynamic, and responsive. So how …

Mechanistic And Inhibitory Analysis Of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diseases, Brianna Marie Jackman

Wayne State University Theses

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Prevalence And Antimicrobial Resistance Of E. Coli And Enterococcus Species In Detroit Urban Agriculture, Liyanage Nirasha Wijayangi Perera

Wayne State University Theses

Urban farming is gaining popularity around the world as a sustainable agricultural system for providing heatlhy and inexpensive food. However, there are limited data available on the microbial safety related to this sector of agriculture. The objective of the present study was to examine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of E. coli and Enterococcus in soil and vegetables associated with urban agriculture.

A total of 19 soil samples and 48 vegetable samples, including 21 leafy greens and 27 root vegetables, were collected from three urban gardens in Detroit. E. coli and Enterococcus were isolated and identified by PCR. Enterococcus species …

Synaptotagmin C2b Ca2+-Binding Loops Impose Distinct Exocytosis Phenotypes, Michael W. Schmidtke

Wayne State University Theses

Regulated exocytosis from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla plays a critical role in maintaining organismal homeostasis. In the absence of stress, these cells release physiologically relevant substances into the blood stream only in limited quantities, whereas stressful conditions result in a rapid deluge of signaling molecules used, for example, to increase heart rate and pain tolerance. Although the cellular mechanisms governing the switch from low-level to stress-induced secretion are not well understood, recent evidence has implicated the exocytotic Ca2+-sensing protein Synaptotagmin (Syt) in this role.

Two isoforms of Syt are expressed in chromaffin cells (Syt-1 and Syt-7), and each …