Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2017

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 25861 - 25890 of 28629

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Predicting Internalizing And Externalizing Child Behavior: A Comparative Analysis Between Autism Spectrum Disorder And Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Elizabeth Mcrae Jan 2017

Predicting Internalizing And Externalizing Child Behavior: A Comparative Analysis Between Autism Spectrum Disorder And Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Elizabeth Mcrae

All ETDs from UAB

Parent-related and environmental factors are both important variables in predicting and understanding internalizing and externalizing child behaviors. In clinical child populations, these factors are particularly important not only because of the increased demands the child’s disorder places on their caregivers and their environment but also because of the increased levels of internalizing and externalizing child behaviors associated with childhood psychopathology. Two such clinical child populations are Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Specifically, parents of children with these disorders are at increased risk of experiencing poorer parental adjustment which affects their parenting behaviors and the routines they …

Go to article

Development And Pilot Testing Of A Behavioral Intervention For Chronic Pain Tailored To Individuals With Hiv, Jessica Merlin Jan 2017

Development And Pilot Testing Of A Behavioral Intervention For Chronic Pain Tailored To Individuals With Hiv, Jessica Merlin

All ETDs from UAB

Background. Chronic pain is a common and disabling comorbidity in individuals living with HIV. Behavioral interventions are among the most effective and safe nonpharmacologic treatments for chronic pain. However, the success of a behavioral intervention is influenced by how well it is tailored to the target population’s biological, psychological, and social context. Given well-documented psychosocial vulnerabilities among persons with HIV, it is critical to develop a behavioral intervention for chronic pain tailored to this population. Objective. To use qualitative methods to investigate patient preferences for the structure and delivery of a behavioral intervention for chronic pain in individuals with HIV. …

Go to article

Characterization Of Spinal Cord Injury And Spinal Cord Injury Induced Neuropathic Pain, Amanda Mohaimany-Aponte Jan 2017

Characterization Of Spinal Cord Injury And Spinal Cord Injury Induced Neuropathic Pain, Amanda Mohaimany-Aponte

All ETDs from UAB

Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects between 40 and 80 million people globally. Within the United States over 400,000 individuals live with SCI, and annually over 17,000 individu-als are added to this population. SCI patients are afflicted with a myriad of issues, one of which being SCI induced neuropathic pain (SCI-NP). Up to 80% of SCI patients go on to develop SCI-NP, which has been shown to last chronically and present itself as evoked pain, spontaneous pain, or a combination of both. SCI-NP is a top concern for SCI pa-tients, often listed before functional recovery. SCI-NP has been shown to greatly …

Go to article

Development Of A Psychometrically Sound Instrument To Assess Classroom Teachers' Beliefs About Movement Integration, Gina Moses Jan 2017

Development Of A Psychometrically Sound Instrument To Assess Classroom Teachers' Beliefs About Movement Integration, Gina Moses

All ETDs from UAB

Children do not meet current physical activity (PA) guidelines. Movement integration (MI), which is defined as infusing PA into regularly scheduled classroom time, is an effective school-based strategy to increase children’s daily participation in PA while also supporting their academic performance. Classroom teachers (CTs) are the primary facilitators of MI. Thus, understanding CTs’ beliefs toward MI is vital to successful MI implementation. The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable measure of CTs’ MI beliefs from a Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) perspective. The study used a cross-sectional design and encompassed three phases. Phase I elicited …

Go to article

Sleep Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Qualitative Descriptive Study, Rachael Marie Mumbower Jan 2017

Sleep Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Qualitative Descriptive Study, Rachael Marie Mumbower

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: Recent estimates suggest that as many as half of all survivors of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) may be experience sleep disturbances or disorders. Although quantitative research has resulted in a greater understanding of the prevalence, symptomology, and conditions associated with sleep, little is known regarding the sleep experiences of survivors of moderate-severe TBI, after their discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe the sleep experiences of adults with moderate-severe TBI after rehabilitation. Methods: Qualitative descriptive inquiry was used to explore and describe sleep experiences of survivors of moderate-severe traumatic brain injury TBI …

Go to article

Neuro-Physiological Underpinnings Of User-Centered Security, Ajaya Neupane Jan 2017

Neuro-Physiological Underpinnings Of User-Centered Security, Ajaya Neupane

All ETDs from UAB

Computing has become increasingly common in many spheres of users' daily lives. At the same time, the need for securing computer systems has become paramount. The security of computer systems often rely upon decisions and actions of end users -- a principle sometimes referred to as "human in the loop''. User behavior when faced with security tasks can therefore directly or indirectly impact the overall security of the system. In this light, it is vital to understand users' behavior when subject to such tasks. A large volume of prior research in the field of user-centered security has mostly focused on …

Go to article

Modeling Mild And Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induced Functional And Pathophysiological Alterations, Jessica Nicole Nichols Jan 2017

Modeling Mild And Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induced Functional And Pathophysiological Alterations, Jessica Nicole Nichols

All ETDs from UAB

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major health concern and accounts for over 75% of the 2.5 million brain injuries reported annually in the United States. Afflicted individuals typically experience a broad spectrum of physical, cognitive, and neuropsychological symptoms. Repeated mTBIs (rmTBIs) can further exacerbate these physiological alterations and negatively impact patient quality of life. Currently, there are no therapeutic agents that have successfully navigated clinical trials to be shown efficacious despite mounds of preclinical evidence suggesting to the contrary. This lack of translation exposes the dire need to design, characterize, and implement better and more relevant model systems …

Go to article

African American Child And Adolescent Obesity: The Parents Perspective, Alice Marie Austin Jan 2017

African American Child And Adolescent Obesity: The Parents Perspective, Alice Marie Austin

All ETDs from UAB

Nearly 36% of African American children ages 2 to 19 are overweight or obese. Childhood obesity results in children with social and psychological disorders, chronic disease, and an increase in morbidity and mortality. Solutions have been offered but none have made a significant impact on African American children living in the Southern United States. Studies that implement life style change produce short-term reductions in African American children but few show life-long change. Parents are responsible for making lifestyle choices for children, it is imperative to understand parental perceptions of child and adolescent obesity and its relationship to lifestyle change. The …

Go to article

Qualitative Approach To Examine The Non-Medical Use Of Prescription Stimulants Among, Joy Yong Barros Jan 2017

Qualitative Approach To Examine The Non-Medical Use Of Prescription Stimulants Among, Joy Yong Barros

All ETDs from UAB

Among college students, the prevalence of the non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) is higher than other prescription drug categories and higher compared to NMUPS prevalence among the general population of young adults. NMUPS is highest among college students and continues to be growing problem across college campuses. Monitoring the Future reported the national annual prevalence of NMUPS was 8.0% among young adults aged 19-28 years and 10.1% among college students in 2014 rising drastically from 5.3% and 5.7%, respectively, in 2008. NMUPS can be defined as the use without a prescription, use for non-medical reasons (i.e. to stay awake), …

Go to article

Teacher Perceptions Of Character Education On Self-Regulation In Early Childhood Through The Implementation Of Children’S Literature: A Multiple Case Study, Latonya Barnes Jan 2017

Teacher Perceptions Of Character Education On Self-Regulation In Early Childhood Through The Implementation Of Children’S Literature: A Multiple Case Study, Latonya Barnes

All ETDs from UAB

Throughout history, education has had two primary goals: to help young people gain knowledge and develop character (Lickona, 1991). The first goal has been widely researched; however, there is considerably less research on the experiences of character development and children’s behavior (Emilson, 2007). The lack of character education implementation has fostered a moral decline in youth, which is evidenced by increased rates of violence, drug abuse, teen pregnancy, and other socially unacceptable behavior (Britzman, 2005). The purpose of this study was to explore teacher perceptions of character education, children’s literature, and self-regulation in one urban school district in central Alabama, …

Go to article

Patterns Of Cerebellar Connectivity With Intrinsic Connectivity Networks In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Haley Bednarz Jan 2017

Patterns Of Cerebellar Connectivity With Intrinsic Connectivity Networks In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Haley Bednarz

All ETDs from UAB

This study investigated the patterns of functional connectivity between three intrinsic connectivity networks (default mode, executive, salience) and the cerebellum in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is substantial evidence of cerebellar pathology in ASD, and recent evidence implicates cortico-cerebellar connectivity in the disorder. Three intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) of the cortex have particular relevance to the conceptualization of cognitive processing in ASD: the default mode, executive control, and salience networks. In typically developing (TD) adults, the cerebellum is functionally connected with each of these networks. The contributions of the cerebellum to these three ICNs may differ between ASD …

Go to article

Exploring Psychosocial And Situational Factors That Influence Female College Students' Participation In Oral Sex, Margaret Bergeron Jan 2017

Exploring Psychosocial And Situational Factors That Influence Female College Students' Participation In Oral Sex, Margaret Bergeron

All ETDs from UAB

Although sexually transmitted infections (STI) are not officially reported via the route of transmission, the CDC (2016) reports that individuals who provide fellatio have the highest risk of oral transmission of a STI. Therefore, females who engage in fellatio are at risk for acquiring a STI. The majority of research studies on young adult heterosexual female sexual activities primarily focus on vaginal sex and the associated risks of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Limited research exists on the oral sex behaviors of female college students and their understanding of the risk for contracting an STI through fellatio. The purpose of …

Go to article

A Comparison Between Number And Letter Acuities Among Patients, Sarah Berry Jan 2017

A Comparison Between Number And Letter Acuities Among Patients, Sarah Berry

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Purpose: Previous studies have shown that there is an association between visual acuity and Alzheimers’ disease. Untreated visual problems may contribute to cognitive impairment and more progressive cognitive decline. This study investigates the association of chart design, specifically comparing charts using letters versus numbers, to accuracy and repeatability among patients with dementia. Methods: 23 English-speaking subjects diagnosed with moderate to advanced levels of dementia were recruited from two local Birmingham nursing homes. Visual acuities were measured in a randomly selected eye and timed from six different charts: Back-illuminated ETDRS chart with letters, Back-illuminated ETDRS chart with numbers, HOTV cards …

Go to article

Interplay Of The Circadian Clock And Growth Hormone Signaling In The Heart, Ryan Darrell Berry Jan 2017

Interplay Of The Circadian Clock And Growth Hormone Signaling In The Heart, Ryan Darrell Berry

All ETDs from UAB

Growth hormone (GH) signaling plays a critical role in postnatal development and the details of its release, regulation, and influence on the development of a number of organs has been well studied. GH is released from the anterior pituitary in a pulsatile fashion with pulse amplitude being greater at night than during the day in a number of species, including humans. Once in circulation, GH binds to the GH receptor (GHR) on target tissues throughout the body altering gene expression and stimulating the local production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 primarily acts in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Novice And Experienced Drivers With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Haley Johnson Bishop Jan 2017

A Comparison Of Novice And Experienced Drivers With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Haley Johnson Bishop

All ETDs from UAB

According to recent estimates, only 33% of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) successfully achieve licensure compared to nearly 84% of the general population. Despite this decreased number of individuals driving in the ASD population and the importance of driving in increasing independence and quality of life, research in transportation safety among drivers with ASD is limited. Many of the impairments associated with ASD such as anxiety, processing speed and executive function may negatively impact driving performance. This study is among the first to objectively assess possible demographic, cognitive and simulated driving performance differences in individuals with ASD who are …

Go to article

Autism Spectrum Disorders And Social-Ecological Models: Understanding How Context Drives Prevalence, Anne Elizabeth Brisendine Jan 2017

Autism Spectrum Disorders And Social-Ecological Models: Understanding How Context Drives Prevalence, Anne Elizabeth Brisendine

All ETDs from UAB

Background: While there has been significant work done to explore disparities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses with respect to individual characteristics, little work has been done to examine the overall system and structure of the environment in which ASD identification is made and how it is related to diagnosis and services. The purpose of this study is to better understand the social-ecological factors that impact ASD diagnoses at the population level. Methods: In the first aim of this dissertation, a tailored social ecological model was developed and examined across variables in the 2011/12 National Survey of Children’s Health. In …

Go to article

Strategies Early Childhood Elementary Teachers Use In Order To Provide A Welcoming Environment For Student Who They Perceive To Be Lgbtq Or Exhibit Stereotypical Characteristics, Felecia Brooks-Jones Jan 2017

Strategies Early Childhood Elementary Teachers Use In Order To Provide A Welcoming Environment For Student Who They Perceive To Be Lgbtq Or Exhibit Stereotypical Characteristics, Felecia Brooks-Jones

All ETDs from UAB

STRATEGIES EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS USE IN ORDER TO PROVIDE A WELCOMING CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS WHO THEY PERCEIVE TO BE LGBTQ OR EXHIBIT STEREOTYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS FELECIA BROOKS-JONES EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION ABSTRACT People who identify as Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning are becoming more socially accepted today than they were before. Laws have been passed to give same-sex couples equal rights as heterosexual couples. However, they are not always treated the same, especially here in the southeast, which is known as the Bible Belt. There is minimal research or literature in the field of education concerning early elementary LGBTQ students, …

Go to article

Associations Among Perceived Stress, Pain Sensitivity, And Physiological Reactivity Following An Acute Noxious Stressor, Hailey Waddell Bulls Jan 2017

Associations Among Perceived Stress, Pain Sensitivity, And Physiological Reactivity Following An Acute Noxious Stressor, Hailey Waddell Bulls

All ETDs from UAB

We recommend using HCCM estimators to estimate the variance of a regression model

Go to article

The Benefits Of A Vegetable Gardening Intervention For Cancer Survivors, Mallory Gamel Cases Jan 2017

The Benefits Of A Vegetable Gardening Intervention For Cancer Survivors, Mallory Gamel Cases

All ETDs from UAB

Due to improvements in screening and treatment, the number of cancer survivors continues to increase. Cancer survivors are at increased risk for second malignancies, comorbidities, and functional decline. All three papers draw data from Harvest for Health, a 12-month home-based vegetable gardening intervention for cancer survivors. This dissertation aimed to (1) explore changes in physical functioning and physical health-related quality of life in 44 cancer survivors aged >65 years old pooled from two iterations of Harvest for Health; (2) examine predictors of continued gardening and garden expansion 12-months post-intervention; and (3) assess the capacity of sustainability of Harvest for Health …

Go to article

Expanding Reach: The Importance Of Batson V. Kentucky Thirty Years On, Melynda J. Price J.D., Ph.D. Jan 2017

Expanding Reach: The Importance Of Batson V. Kentucky Thirty Years On, Melynda J. Price J.D., Ph.D.

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Taking A Step Back. Racial Injustice In America, Mark Peffley, Jeffrey Mondak Jan 2017

Taking A Step Back. Racial Injustice In America, Mark Peffley, Jeffrey Mondak

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Implementing Medicaid Health Homes To Provide Medication Assisted Treatment To Opioid Dependent Medicaid Beneficiaries, Page M. Smith Jan 2017

Implementing Medicaid Health Homes To Provide Medication Assisted Treatment To Opioid Dependent Medicaid Beneficiaries, Page M. Smith

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Actus Reus, Mens Rea, And Brain Science: What Do Volition And Intent Really Mean?, Erica Beecher-Monas, Edgar Garcia-Rill Jan 2017

Actus Reus, Mens Rea, And Brain Science: What Do Volition And Intent Really Mean?, Erica Beecher-Monas, Edgar Garcia-Rill

Kentucky Law Journal

The foundational elements of criminal law, actus reus and mens rea, are vague, imprecise, and indeterminate categories that are based on outdated notions about human behavior. These confused categories affect not only what legally constitutes choice, volition, and intent, but also the defendant's ability to present evidence (since the categories define the evidence that will be admissible), and ultimately, criminal liability. In this Article we explain how neuroscience allows us to reconsider these legal concepts and conceive a more informed view of human behavior (and therefore criminal liabilty). The Article explains how distortions in brain function affect the way …

Go to article

Gender Perception Of The Rationales Behind Vegetarianism, Nicholas Tallant Jan 2017

Gender Perception Of The Rationales Behind Vegetarianism, Nicholas Tallant

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Associations Of Food Environment, Mediterranean Diet And Obesity In United States: A Geographic Information System (Gis) Analysis, Meifang Chen Jan 2017

Associations Of Food Environment, Mediterranean Diet And Obesity In United States: A Geographic Information System (Gis) Analysis, Meifang Chen

All ETDs from UAB

Given the growing obesity epidemic in the U.S., modifying current obesogenic food environment, and identifying and promoting an obesity-modifying dietary approach that fits in the food environment context are urgent. Emerging evidence indicates that Mediterranean diet (MD) could be a beneficial dietary pattern to protect against overweight/obesity. However, as a relatively new dietary pattern in the U.S., how the unique food environment influences MD adherence, and whether consuming a MD can mediate the relationship between food environment and obesity among the population remain unknown. This dissertation, applying Geographic Information System (GIS) and path analytical methods using data from the REasons …

Go to article

Improving Cognitive Predictors And Everyday Outcomes In Adults With Hiv, Shameka L. Cody Jan 2017

Improving Cognitive Predictors And Everyday Outcomes In Adults With Hiv, Shameka L. Cody

All ETDs from UAB

As adults age with HIV, they may encounter challenges with cognitive impairments. Perhaps, the neurobiological effects of HIV, subtle lifestyle changes, and the aging process may negatively influence cognitive functioning. Some cognitive impairments may interfere with everyday functioning and even compromise quality of life. In this dissertation, three articles were presented which focused on the overall theme of HIV and cognition. Article 1, a review of literature published in the Neurobiology of Disease, focused on how HIV affects the brain independently and the synergistic effects of HIV and aging on cognitive health. Also, the article closed with a section on …

Go to article

Religious/Spiritual Coping And Attributional Styles Among Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions And Their Parents: Reciprocal Relationships Over Time, Christina Marie D'Angelo Jan 2017

Religious/Spiritual Coping And Attributional Styles Among Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions And Their Parents: Reciprocal Relationships Over Time, Christina Marie D'Angelo

All ETDs from UAB

Adolescents with chronic health conditions and their parents typically utilize various coping strategies, including religious/spiritual coping, to manage the stress associated with a chronic health condition, yet few studies have examined how parent and adolescent religious/spiritual coping relate to other cognitive factors, such as attributional styles. Additionally, it is important to investigate how parent and adolescent coping and attributional styles influence each other. Better understanding of the temporal dynamics between adolescents’ and parents’ attributions and religious/spiritual coping has important implications for whom and what to target in interventions to help families cope with the challenges of a chronic health condition. …

Go to article

Effects Of Maternal And Child Depressive Symptoms And Child’S Perceived Stress On Glycemic Control As Mediated By Cortisol In Prepubertal Children With Type 1 Diabetes, Sara Laubinger Davis Jan 2017

Effects Of Maternal And Child Depressive Symptoms And Child’S Perceived Stress On Glycemic Control As Mediated By Cortisol In Prepubertal Children With Type 1 Diabetes, Sara Laubinger Davis

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common diseases of childhood affecting over 167,000 children under the age of 20. Despite adequate insulin regimens and concurrent treatments, many children still have trouble achieving glycemic control as evidenced by elevated HbA1c levels. Previous research indicates that parent-child interactions and parental involvement in diabetic care influence glycemic control. However, these relationships may be impaired in mothers with depressive symptoms or in children who have high levels of depressive symptoms or perceived stress. Moreover, cortisol, a stress hormone, may mediate the proposed relationships. Therefore, the purpose of this study was …

Go to article

A Qualitative Study Of Leadership Practices Exhibited By Elementary Principals That Develop Leadership In Others, Wanda Davis Jan 2017

A Qualitative Study Of Leadership Practices Exhibited By Elementary Principals That Develop Leadership In Others, Wanda Davis

All ETDs from UAB

A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES EXHIBITED BY ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS THAT DEVELOP LEADERSHIP IN OTHERS WANDA DAVIS EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP ABSTRACT Research has indicated educational leaders have had to redefine how leadership is practiced in schools. Because of the increase of accountability measures and responsibilities of the K-12 administrator, there has been a shift in leadership from the “lone” leader to leadership including principals, teachers, and other school leaders. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative multiple case analysis that focused on specific practices exhibited by elementary principals that nurtured leadership in others in the northern region of …

Go to article

Long-Term Effects Of Early Parental Divorce On Parent-Child Relationships, Mental Health, And Alcohol Use, Tuba Demir Dagdas Jan 2017

Long-Term Effects Of Early Parental Divorce On Parent-Child Relationships, Mental Health, And Alcohol Use, Tuba Demir Dagdas

All ETDs from UAB

The primary objective of this study was to fill a gap by examining the effects of early parental divorce on multi-dimensional views of parent-child relationships (e.g. support, strain, contact), mental health, and alcohol consumption among adult children. Many studies have shown that parental divorce has impacts on children’s well-being, however, few studies have examined the long-term effects of parental divorce on adult health. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of early parental divorce on adult children’s depressive symptoms and alcohol use via relationships with parents. Drawing from the life course paradigm and the stress process model, I examined …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last