Digital Commons Network^™

The Heat Shock Response And Humoral Immune Response Are Mutually Antagonistic In Honey Bees, Mia Mckinstry, Charlie Chung, Henry Truong, Brittany A. Johnston, Jonathan W. Snow

Publications and Research

The honey bee is of paramount importance to humans in both agricultural and ecological settings. Honey bee colonies have suffered from increased attrition in recent years, stemming from complex interacting stresses. Defining common cellular stress responses elicited by these stressors represents a key step in understanding potential synergies. The proteostasis network is a highly conserved network of cellular stress responses involved in maintaining the homeostasis of protein production and function. Here, we have characterized the Heat Shock Response (HSR), one branch of this network, and found that its core components are conserved. In addition, exposing bees to elevated temperatures normally …

Genome-Wide Interaction Study Of Omega-3 Pufas And Other Fatty Acids On Inflammatory Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Health In The Framingham Heart Study, Jenna Veenstra, Anya Kalsbeek, Jason Westra, Craig Disselkoen, Caren E. Smith, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Numerous genetic loci have been identified as being associated with circulating fatty acid (FA) levels and/or inflammatory biomarkers of cardiovascular health (e.g., C-reactive protein). Recently, using red blood cell (RBC) FA data from the Framingham Offspring Study, we conducted a genome-wide association study of over 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 22 RBC FAs (and associated ratios), including the four Omega-3 FAs (ALA, DHA, DPA, and EPA). Our analyses identified numerous causal loci. In this manuscript, we investigate the extent to which polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels moderate the relationship of genetics to cardiovascular health biomarkers using a genome-wide …

Choline Supplementation Normalizes Fetal Adiposity And Reduces Lipogenic Gene Expression In A Mouse Model Of Maternal Obesity, Chauntelle Jack-Roberts, Yaelle Joselit, Khatia Nanobashvili, Rachel Bretter, Olga V. Malysheva, Marie A. Caudill, Anjana Saxena, Kathleen Axen, Ahmed Gomaa, Xinyin Jiang

Publications and Research

Maternal obesity increases fetal adiposity which may adversely affect metabolic health of the offspring. Choline regulates lipid metabolism and thus may influence adiposity. This study investigates the effect of maternal choline supplementation on fetal adiposity in a mouse model of maternal obesity. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a high-fat (HF) diet or a control (NF) diet and received either 25 mM choline supplemented (CS) or control untreated (CO) drinking water for 6 weeks before timed-mating and throughout gestation. At embryonic day 17.5, HF feeding led to higher (p < 0.05) percent total body fat in fetuses from the HFCO group, while the choline supplemented HFCS group did not show significant difference versus the NFCO group. Similarly, HF feeding led to higher (p < 0.05) hepatic triglyceride accumulation in the HFCO but not the HFCS fetuses. mRNA levels of lipogenic genes such as Acc1, Fads1, and Elovl5, as well as the transcription factor Srebp1c that favors lipogenesis were downregulated (p < 0.05) by maternal choline supplementation in the HFCS group, which may serve as a mechanism to reduce fat accumulation in the fetal liver during maternal HF feeding. In summary, maternal choline supplementation improves indices of fetal adiposity in obese dams at late gestation.

Lindenwood Digest, August 18, 2017, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been an employee newsletter since 2009.

The Daily Gamecock, Friday August, 18, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

August

No abstract provided.

Neurological Impact Of Zinc Excess And Deficiency In Vivo, Ronald Bartzatt

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Zinc is an essential mineral that can cause pathological effects whether in excess or deficiency. Zinc is a component for over 250 enzymes and is required for cell growth, cell division, and cell function. Zinc is found in muscle and bones, with the prostrate, liver, skin, and kidney having detectable levels of zinc. However, zinc present in excess or deficiency can cause significant pathology in patients that include deleterious effects neurologically. Zinc in excess in vivo can cause focal neuronal pathology, while zinc deficiency can bring about mental lethargy, neuropsychiatric disorders, and reduced nerve conduction. Zinc is assimilated within the …

Nutrition Status In Hospitalized Patients With Copd On Non-Invasive Ventilation, Sara M. Kvien Jensen

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Nutrition is an important aspect of critically ill hospitalized patient care but the lack of consistent nutritional guidelines for sub-critically ill patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) requiring non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) may be putting vulnerable patients at risk. Hand grip strength measurements are an emerging metric for nutritional status.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if hospitalized patients with COPD on NPPV show a difference in handgrip strength as a marker of nutritional status than those hospitalized patients with COPD not requiring NPPV.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study …

Patient-Centered Medical Home Adoption In School-Based Health Centers, Abbey Gregg

Theses & Dissertations

The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is promoted as a primary care delivery design that can improve health care quality and patient outcomes while controlling health care costs. To achieve PCMH recognition, primary care providers must implement practice-level changes in order to deliver care that is comprehensive, coordinated, accessible, high quality, and whole-person oriented. This practice transformation requires advanced use of health information technology, staff investment in quality improvement and care coordination, and significant investments of both financial and human resources to support these activities. As a safety-net provider, school-based health centers (SBHCs) serve vulnerable children that typically experience barriers to …

If It Is Unsightly, Is It Less Healthy? Understanding The Consumer’S Desire For Aesthetically Perfect Produce, Dina Vanderwaal

University Honors Theses

Attention on organic produce and food waste is becoming increasingly intense in the United States. Consumers typically prefer aesthetically perfect produce, forcing grocery stores to throw away blemished fruits and vegetables. Organic produce is typically more blemished than conventional produce. Little research has been done to examine the consumer’s preference for conventional versus organic produce, and the point, if any, where consumers are more likely to choose one over the other. We conducted a controlled online study where we showed participants various organic and conventional apples with varying degrees of imperfections, and asked participants a series of questions about which …

The Formation Of Autophagosomes During Lysosomal Defect: A New Source Of Cytotoxicity, Robert W. Button, Shouqing Luo

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Teaching Strategies For Diverse Classrooms: Including The Non-Traditional Student, Glynis Bradfield, Marcella Myers, Ray Mcallister, Bea Ade-Oshifogun, Kimberly S. Pichot

Faculty and Staff Institute

Adult enrollment in higher education increased by 50 percent between 1991 and 2011, and continues to increase while traditional enrollments decline across America. How to meet the diverse needs of adults continuing their education part-time while juggling work, family and community commitments is a challenge. Attend this workshop to increase your understanding of teaching strategies that make online and face-to-face learning activities more applicable for non-traditional learners.

Effect Of Flibanserin Treatment On Body Weight In Premenopausal And Postmenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Post Hoc Analysis., Susan G Kornstein, James A Simon, Stuart C Apfel, James Yuan, Krista A Barbour, Robert Kissling

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

Background: Flibanserin, a 5-HT_1A agonist and 5-HT_2A antagonist, is indicated for the treatment of acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. This post hoc analysis evaluated the effect of flibanserin treatment on body weight in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with HSDD.

Materials and Methods: This analysis included three 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of flibanserin 100 mg each bedtime (qhs) in premenopausal women, a similarly designed study in postmenopausal women, and a 52-week, open-label extension study in premenopausal women.

Results: In a pooled analysis of premenopausal women, mean baseline body mass index (BMI) was 27.0 kg/m …

Estimates Of Burden And Consequences Of Infants Born Small For Gestational Age In Low And Middle Income Countries With Intergrowth-21(St) Standard: Analysis Of Cherg Datasets., Anne Cc Lee, Naoko Kozuki, Simon Cousens, Gretchen A Stevens, Hannah Blencowe, Mariangela F Silveira, Ayesha Sania, Heather E Rosen, Christentze Schmiegelow, Linda S Adair, Abdullah H Baqui, Fernando C Barros, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Laura E Caulfield, Parul Christian, Siân E Clarke, Wafaie Fawzi, Rogelio Gonzalez, Jean Humphrey, Lieven Huybregts, Simon Kariuki, Patrick Kolsteren, John Lusingu, Dharma Manandhar, Aroonsri Mongkolchati, Luke C Mullany, Richard Ndyomugyenyi, Jyh Kae Nien, Dominique Roberfroid, Naomi Saville, Dianne J Terlouw, James M Tielsch, Cesar G Victora, Sithembiso C Velaphi, Deborah Watson-Jones, Barbara A Willey, Majid Ezzati, Joy E Lawn, Robert E Black, Joanne Katz

Global Health Faculty Publications

Objectives To estimate small for gestational age birth prevalence and attributable neonatal mortality in low and middle income countries with the INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standard.

Design Secondary analysis of data from the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG), including 14 birth cohorts with gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal follow-up. Small for gestational age was defined as infants weighing less than the 10th centile birth weight for gestational age and sex with the multiethnic, INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standard. Prevalence of small for gestational age and neonatal mortality risk ratios were calculated and pooled among these datasets at the regional level. …

Human Milk And Allergic Diseases: An Unsolved Puzzle, Daniel Munblit, Diego G. Peroni, Alba Boix-Amorós, Peter S. Hsu, Belinda Van't Land, Melvin C. L. Gay, Anastasia Kolotilina, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Robert J. Boyle, Maria C. Collado, Johan Garssen, Donna T. Geddes, Ralph Nanan, Carolyn Slupsky, Ganesa Wegienka, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, John O. Warner

Public Health Sciences Articles

There is conflicting evidence on the protective role of breastfeeding in relation to the development of allergic sensitisation and allergic disease. Studies vary in methodology and definition of outcomes, which lead to considerable heterogeneity. Human milk composition varies both within and between individuals, which may partially explain conflicting data. It is known that human milk composition is very complex and contains variable levels of immune active molecules, oligosaccharides, metabolites, vitamins and other nutrients and microbial content. Existing evidence suggests that modulation of human breast milk composition has potential for preventing allergic diseases in early life. In this review, we discuss …

Office Of Scholarly Communications, Annual Report Fiscal Year 2017 (July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2017), Paul Royster, Sue Ann Gardner, Margaret Mering, Linnea Fredrickson

Institutional Repository Information

This report covers the Scholarly Communications team, and activities involving the institutional repository (IR), library publishing operations, outreach and advocacy, and copyright consulting.

Highlights include services, size, usage metrics, recognition (Ranking Web of World Repositories), Zea Books, journals, and appendices. (32 pages)

Daily Eastern News: August 17, 2017, Eastern Illinois University

August

No abstract provided.

Arthropod Communities And Passerine Diet: Effects Of Shrub Expansion In Western Alaska, Molly Tankersley Mcdermott

Biological Sciences

Across the Arctic, taller woody shrubs, particularly willow (Salix spp.), birch (Betula spp.), and alder (Alnus spp.), have been expanding rapidly onto tundra. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat structure, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, which play an important role in the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems. Not only do they provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling, they are an essential food source for migratory birds. In this study I examined the relationships between the abundance, diversity, and community composition of arthropods and the height and cover of several shrub …

Energy-Efficient Homes In Alaska: Historical And Contemporary Perspectives On Adaptation And Innovation, Yasmeen Hossain

Indigenous Studies

Global climate change is largely caused by greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources. The building industry is responsible for over 40% of global carbon emissions. Almost half of the energy consumption in buildings is from space heating and cooling. The incorporation of energy efficiency in homes has a large potential to mitigate future climate change impacts while at the same time aiding household members to adapt to the effects of global change. This dissertation explores this potential in Alaska, where in addition to climate change impacts, residents are vulnerable to high oil prices affecting not only their energy security, but …

The Effects Of Freezing And Storage Time On The Quality Of Reindeer Meat, George A. Aguiar

Natural Resources

Restaurants, wholesalers and retailers of fresh meat require a year round consistent supply of uniform quality product to sustain demand and justify niche market costs such as advertisement and stocking product. Frozen reindeer meat could be stored, short or long term to increase availability provided there are no adverse effects of freezing. No studies to date have evaluated the effects of freezing and storage time on reindeer meat quality. Nine reindeer steers (castrated bulls; age 2.5 years) were fed a balanced milled ration at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) Reindeer Research Program (RRP) facility at the Agricultural Forestry Experiment …

Building Student Capacity To Lead Sustainability Transitions In The Food System Through Farm-Based Authentic Research Modules In Sustainability Sciences (Farms), Selena Ahmed, Alexandra Sclafani, Estephanie Aquino, Shashwat Kala, Louise Barias, Jaime Eeg

Dartmouth Scholarship

Undergraduate courses provide valuable opportunities to train and empower students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to advance society in more sustainable directions. This article emphasizes the value of bridging primary scientific research with undergraduate education through the presentation of an integrated experiential learning and primary research model called Farm-based Authentic Research Modules in Sustainability Sciences (FARMS). FARMS are collaboratively designed with agricultural stakeholders through a community needs assessment on pressing food system issues and opportunities with the objective for faculty and students to jointly identify evidence-based management solutions. We illustrate the implementation of FARMS in an undergraduate course in …

Inflammation And Bone Mineral Density: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Jian V. Huang, C. Mary Schooling

Publications and Research

Osteoporosis is a common age-related disorder leading to an increase in osteoporotic fractures and resulting in significant suffering and disability. Inflammation may contribute to osteoporosis, as it does to many other chronic diseases. We examined whether inflammation is etiologically relevant to osteoporosis, assessed from bone mineral density (BMD), as a new potential target of intervention, or whether it is a symptom/biomarker of osteoporosis. We obtained genetic predictors of inflammatory markers from genome-wide association studies and applied them to a large genome wide association study of BMD. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, we obtained unconfounded estimates of the effect of high-sensitivity C-reactive …

Effects Of A Standardized, Freeze-Dried Grape Powder In Adults With Metabolic Syndrome, Quinn Duclos

Master's Theses

Diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been correlated to lower disease risk. This is thought to be due to bioactive components such as: vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Grapes are a food source of many bioactive components, including polyphenols. The effects standardized, freeze-dried, grape powder (GRAPE) were examined in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Twenty men and women (aged 30-70 y) were instructed to consume 60 g/day of GRAPE (equivalent to 2.5 cups fresh grapes daily) or nutritionally-matched placebo powder in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover intervention study for 13 weeks. This included 2-week run-in, 4-week intervention (GRAPE …

Nln Jeffries Simulation Theory And Its Application In The Simulation Based Learning Experiences, Pamela Davis

General Submissions: Presentations (Oral and Poster)

This preconference addresses the state of the science in simulations presentation, using the NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory as a foundation and describing how the theory is incorporated in the immersive simulation experiences at the George Washington University School of Nursing (GWSON) Simulation Learning and Innovation Center, a sophisticated two floor experiential learning space.

Estimates Of Burden And Consequences Of Infants Born Small For Gestational Age In Low And Middle Income Countries With Intergrowth-21st Standard: Analysis Of Cherg Datasets, Anne C C Lee, Naoko Kozuki, Simon Cousens, Gretchen A. Stevens, Hannah Blencowe, Mariangela F. Silveira, Ayesha Sania, Heather E. Rosen, Christentze Schmiegelow, Linda S. Adair, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: To estimate small for gestational age birth prevalence and attributable neonatal mortality in low and middle income countries with the INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standard.
Design: Secondary analysis of data from the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG), including 14 birth cohorts with gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal follow-up. Small for gestational age was defined as infants weighing less than the 10th centile birth weight for gestational age and sex with the multiethnic, INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standard. Prevalence of small for gestational age and neonatal mortality risk ratios were calculated and pooled among these datasets at the regional level. …

Almonds, A Fiesty Industry, Kenneth M. Petrowsky

Marriott Student Review

A bitter power struggle between the almond industry and the milk industry has become a test of the United States’ free market. The National Milk Producers Federation has turned to Washington for aid while the Almond board of California and the Blue Diamond co-op have focused on improving their product.

Marriott Student Review Volume I Issue 2: Women And Millennials In Business, Marianna Richardson

Marriott Student Review

Our second edition of MSR is dedicated to two populations – millennials and women. Currently, millennials comprise approximately 35%[1] of the United States’ workforce. Women hold 51.7% of the jobs in the U.S. job market.[2] This MSR issue focuses on the status of these groups in the business world. The reason for this emphasis is that most MSR writers and readers are millennials (which is defined as people between the ages of 18-24) and all of us work with or for women (as well as some of us are women).

Feeding Problems In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders And Its Relationship With Some Variables, Safa R. Qaraqish

International Journal for Research in Education

The purpose of the current study was to investigate feeding problems in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and its relationship with some variables. Seventy five fathers and mothers of autism children from Riyadh special education institutes participant in the study. Al Tamimi and Said Ali Feeding Problems Scale (2014) were used to collect data for this study. The results indicated that excessive selective eating was a problem that often occurs among children with autism, followed by the problem of refuse food. The results showed also significant relationship between eating problems with autistic children and the variables of gender in favor …

Taking Stock: Organizing Open Access Operations Based On Researcher Practices, Andrea A. Wirth

Library Faculty Research

In 2017, the members of the Scholarly Communication Initiatives (SCI) Department at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) developed a strategic goal for the department to “create organizational shift” at UNLV in regard to improving campus-wide knowledge of and support for open access (OA). One method by which to work toward this multi-year goal was to gain additional insight about UNLV faculty members’ support of OA by assessing their participation in OA publishing and repositories. Through direct conversations with faculty, information gleaned through liaison librarians, and questions about the IR and related services, it was clear there was already …

Statefulness And Tangible Interaction In Design Education, Alex Lobos, Tim J. Wood

Presentations and other scholarship

Interaction in Industrial Design is expanding from tangible realms to intangible digital experiences. In this new environment, Interaction Design provides logical sequences and behaviors that allow users to easily navigate through complex workflows. This paper discusses a framework in which interaction design provides an innovative approach to traditional industrial design. This includes the concept of ‘statefulness’, where the dynamic changes of complex systems are broken down into states that can be defined and manipulated in order to achieve a desired user experience. This framework goes beyond having physical components of a product control digital interfaces and develops experiences that jump …

Self-Care Management Strategies Used By Black Women Who Self-Report Consistent Adherence To Antihypertensive Medication, Willie M. Abel, Jessica S. Joyner, Judith B. Cornelius, Danice B. Greer

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Black women in the USA have the highest prevalence rate of hypertension (HTN) contributing to a higher risk of organ damage and death. Research has focused primarily on poorly controlled HTN, negative belief systems, and nonadherence factors that hinder blood pressure control. No known research studies underscore predominantly Black women who report consistent adherence to their antihypertensive medication-taking. The purpose of this study was to describe self-care management strategies used by Black women who self-report consistent adherence to their antihypertensive medication and to determine the existence of further participation in lifestyle modifications, such as eating a healthy diet and …