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Gradient-Based Optimization Of Wind Farms With Different Turbine Heights, Andrew P.J. Stanley, Jared Thomas, Andrew Ning, Jennifer Annoni, Katherine Dykes, Paul Fleming

Faculty Publications

Turbine wakes reduce power production in a wind farm. Current wind farms are gen- erally built with turbines that are all the same height, but if wind farms included turbines with different tower heights, the cost of energy (COE) may be reduced. We used gradient-based optimization to demonstrate a method to optimize wind farms with varied hub heights. Our study includes a modified version of the FLORIS wake model that accommodates three-dimensional wakes integrated with a tower structural model. Our purpose was to design a process to minimize the COE of a wind farm through layout optimization and varying turbine …

Understanding Community Character As A Socio-Ecological Framework To Enhance Local-Scale Adaptation: An Interdisciplinary Case Study From Rural Northwest Connecticut, Joanna Wozniak-Brown

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Around the world, municipalities are facing new challenges, not the least of which is climate change. This is especially true for rural communities that, for a variety of reasons, will be disproportionately affected by the climatic changes and accompanying policies or programs.

This dissertation, written in manuscript-style, integrates climate change and social-ecological scholarship to address the unique character of rural communities, to communicate the complexity of rural identity through the term "rural character"; and to empower rural communities to incorporate adaptation strategies into their daily municipal operations and planning.

Specifically, this dissertation seeks to answer the following questions: What is …

A Poetics Of Food In The Bahamas: Intentional Journeys Through Food, Consciousness, And The Aesthetic Of Everyday Life, Hilary B. Booker

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This research explores intentional food practices and journeys of consciousness in a network of people in The Bahamas. Intentional food practices are defined as interactions with food chosen for particular purposes, while journeys of consciousness are cumulative successions of events that people associate with healing, restoration, and decolonization personally and collectively. This research examines (1) experiences and moments that influenced people’s intentional food practices; (2) food practices that people enact daily; and (3) how people’s intentional food practices connect to broader spiritual, philosophical, and ideological perspectives guiding their lives. The theoretical framework emerges from a specific lineage of theories and …

Teacher Affective Attitudes Inventory: Development And Validation Of A Teacher Self-Assessment Instrument, Holly M. King

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study developed a teacher self-assessment instrument in the form of six factors across two overarching constructs, resulting in one Positive Relationships scale with three factors; and three related, but separate, scales measuring elements of the Classroom Environment. Many teacher skills and qualities are known to contribute to effectiveness in the classroom, such as teacher self-efficacy, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and instructional knowledge. The inclusion of affective dimensions of teacher effectiveness can complement the prevailing focus on other measures of teacher effectiveness, through the consideration of critically important, but relatively ignored, aspects of effective teaching. This study examined teacher attitudes …

An Exploration Into The Lived Experience Of The Jazz Funeral, Caryn R. Whitacre

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This qualitative phenomenological study set out to explore and understand the subjective lived experience of the Jazz Funeral ritual of New Orleans, Louisiana. This dissertation was guided by two principal research questions: 1) What is the lived experience of participation in the Jazz Funeral ritual? and 2) What elements of the Jazz Funeral are beneficial to bereavement as reported by the subjects? Research data were collected and arranged through the utilization of phenomenological research protocol. By recognizing that people are the experts of their own lived experience and listening to participants describe their lived experiences of this ritual, this researcher …

A Phenomenological Study Of Mal De Debarquement Syndrome, Divina T. Johnston

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The objective of this study was to understand the life experiences of individuals who have been diagnosed and live with the symptoms of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome. This is a rare and incurable neurological disorder that creates a feeling of imbalance and that can lead to symptoms of depression and anxiety. This study involved a phenomenological investigation of the study participants in order to obtain data and increase awareness of this rare disorder. Eight women participated and shared their experiences with onset, diagnosis, and living with MdDS. The electronic version of this dissertation is available free at Ohiolink ETD Center, …

Understanding The Experience Of Immigration Among Adult Mexican-Born Males Living In The United States: An Exploration Of Grief, Loss, And Coping, Mauricio B. Ortiz

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study uses psychoanalytic object relations theory to understand and analyze the lived experiences of adult Mexican males which will include the psychological meaning of loss and grief resulting from immigrating into the United States. The literature review illustrates and serves as a guide to broaden the understanding of the complex psychological and emotional processes that adult Mexican immigrants experience when faced with the reality of adapting to a host-culture. Participants were interviewed through a descriptive phenomenological approach seeking a complete description of their lived immigration experiences of grief, loss, and coping. After analysis of the transcriptions, several notable themes …

Design Thinker Profile: Creating And Validating A Scale For Measuring Design Thinking Capabilities, Dani Chesson

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study developed a scale for assessing design thinking capabilities in individuals. Many organizations today are turning to design thinking to tackle the complex challenges they face. As organizations move toward adopting this way of working the need to develop design thinking capabilities in individuals becomes imperative. The capabilities needed for engaging in design thinking are skills that we all have to some varying degree, but we do not all use them to their full potential when solving problems. The scale developed in this study measures the degree to which an individual uses design thinking capabilities when engaged in problem …

A Day In The Life Of A Sim: Making Meaning Of Video Game Avatars And Behaviors, Jessica Stark

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

With video game usage--and criticism on its activity--on the rise, it may be helpful for the psychological community to understand what it actually means to play video games, and what the lived experience entails. This qualitative, phenomenological study specifically explores user behaviors and decisions in the simulated life video game, The Sims. Ten participants completed one- to two-hour long semi-structured interviews, and the data was transcribed, organized into 1,988 codes, which were clustered into 30 categories, and from which six themes ultimately emerged. These resulting themes are: self-representation; past, present, and future; purpose for play; self-reflection; co-creation; and familiarity. The …

Imsa 2017 Profile, Office Of College And Academic Counseling

IMSA Profile

"The internationally recognized Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy® (IMSA) develops creative, ethical leaders in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. As a teaching and learning laboratory created by the State of Illinois, IMSA enrolls academically talented Illinois students (grades 10-12) in its advanced, residential college preparatory program. 99.5% of graduating seniors matriculate to colleges and universities."*

*Excerpt from the IMSA 2017 Profile

On The Relationship Between Sampling Rate And Hidden Markov Models Accuracy In Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring, Steven Lynch, Luca Longo

Conference papers

Providing domestic energy consumers with a detailed breakdown of their electricity consumption, at the appliance level, empowers the consumer to better manage that consumption and reduce their over- all electricity demand. Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is one method of achieving this breakdown and makes use of one sensor which measures overall combined electricity usage. As all appliances are measured in combination in NILM this consumption must be disaggregated to extract appliance level consumption. Machine learning techniques can be adopted to perform this disaggregation with various levels of accuracy, with Hidden Markov Model (HMM) derivatives ordering among the most accurate results. …

A Comparison On The Classification Of Short-Text Documents Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation And Formal Concept Analysis, Noel Rogers, Luca Longo

Conference papers

With the increasing amounts of textual data being collected online, automated text classification techniques are becoming increasingly important. However, a lot of this data is in the form of short-text with just a handful of terms per document (e.g. Text messages, tweets or Facebook posts). This data is generally too sparse and noisy to obtain satisfactory classification. Two techniques which aim to alleviate this problem are Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Formal Concept Analysis (FCA). Both techniques have been shown to improve the performance of short-text classification by reducing the sparsity of the input data. The relative performance of classifiers …

Measuring Presence: Hypothetical Quantitative Framework, Krzysztof Szczurowski, Matt Smith

Conference papers

Virtual Reality Head - Mounted Display (HMD) manufacturers claim that consumer electronics can finally deliver a high degree of presence in virtual and remote environments. Certainly, current consumer-grade HMD systems offer rich and coherent mediated experiences of such environments. However, the very concept of presence is still a subject of debate, and researchers' investigation of the phenomenon of `presence' is based primarily on qualitative (i.e. questionnaire-based) assessments. Some researchers attempted to develop real-time, quantitative methods to facilitate more objective investigation of presence in mediated environments. Most such methodologies are derived from attempts to correlate presence with cardiovascular and electrodermal activity …

Exploring Female Stem Learners' Perceptions Of Masculinity As Presented By Male Instructors Of Technology, Chad Clark

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Men dominate Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) degree programs and occupations. Even though many individuals are not cognitively aware of how pervasive hegemonic masculinity is in day-to-day life, the ramifications of the concept are real. This study looks to understand how female STEM students perceive the masculinity of their male STEM instructors and what effect that perception might have on their desire to persist in a STEM program of study. This study assumes a power differential exists between teacher and student. The assumption is supported in literature. Additionally, the classroom management hierarchy wherein the teacher controls the direction for …

Timed Tests And Math Anxiety As Factors Affecting Elementary School Math Performance, Jonathan Emmons

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study sought to evaluate the effects of timed tests and math anxiety as factors that influence the math performance of second- and fourth-grade students, including evaluating differences based on gender. Relevant literature was reviewed, examining the concept of math anxiety and the effects of timed testing. In the experimental phase, students participated in an age-appropriate math test in either a timed or untimed condition. Each participant also responded to the Childrens Anxiety in Math Scale (Jameson, 2013). Initial results from a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a main effect for gender on math performance, with males performing …

What Are Saudi Students' Perceptions Toward Using Blackboard As A Learning-Management System In United States Universities?, Ghadeer Alsobahi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate Saudi students perceptions toward Blackboard as a Learning Management System in U. S. universities. This study focused on the attribute to students gender, level of experience, and the interaction between gender and level of experience. A questionnaire was sent through email to Saudi students who used Blackboard in their hybrid classes. A total of 90 students participated in the survey. Findings showed students have positive perceptions toward Blackboard. In addition, no significant differences existed in their perceptions based on their gender, level of experience, or based on the interaction between gender and …

Women In Science 2017, Clark Science Center's Summer Research Fellows Program

SURF Abstracts (Women in Science)

Ever since its 1967 start, SURF has been a cornerstone of Smith’s science education. Women in Science 2017 summarizes research done by Smith College’s SURF Program participants during the summer of 2017. 151 students participated in SURF (144 hosted on campus and nearby eld sites), supervised by 58 faculty mentor-advisors drawn from the Clark Science Center and connected to its eighteen science, mathematics, and engineering departments and programs and associated centers and units. At summer’s end, SURF participants summarized their research experiences for this publication.

N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Bearing A Naphthyl Substituent And Their Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, And Application In Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation, Ayli̇n Ati̇k, Lütfi̇ye Gök Pezük, Hayati̇ Türkmen

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A series of unsymmetrical imidazolinium bromides (3a-d) bearing naphthyl and benzyl groups (R' = CH$_{2}$C$_{6}$H$_{2}$(CH$_{3})_{3}$-2,4,6 (a); CH$_{2}$C$_{6}$H(CH$_{3})_{4}$-2,3,5,6 (b); CH$_{2}$C$_{6}$(CH$_{3})_{5}$ (c); CH$_{2}$C$_{6}$F$_{5\, }$(d)) at the N$^{1}$ and N$^{3}$ positions were successfully synthesized. [RuCl$_{2}$(NHC)($p$-cymene)] (NHC= N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes (4a-d) were prepared by the reaction of [RuCl$_{2}(p$-cymene)]$_{2}$ with imidazolinium salts (3a-d). The new salts (3a-d) and their ruthenium(II) complexes (4a-d) were characterized by $^{1}$H, $^{13}$C, $^{19}$F NMR, and elemental analysis. The ruthenium(II) complexes (4a-d) were employed as catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation (TH) of ketones in the presence of KOH using 2-propanol as a hydrogen source and the results were compared. The best …

Voltammetric Analysis Of Disulfiram In Pharmaceuticals With A Cyclic Renewable Silver Amalgam Film Electrode, Sylwia Smarzewska, Natalia Festinger, Monika Skowron, Dariusz Guziejewski, Radovan Metelka, Mariola Brycht, Witold Ciesielski

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Electrochemical properties of disulfiram, representative of highly significant bioactive compounds, were studied with a cyclic renewable silver amalgam film electrode (Hg(Ag)FE) using square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV). The influence of various factors such as pH, buffer concentration, buffer composition, and SWCSV parameters on current response was investigated. The optimum results in terms of signal shape and intensity were recorded in Britton--Robinson buffer (pH 7.5) at -0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl/3 mol L$^{-1}$ KCl. An elaborated electroanalytical procedure was used to determine disulfiram at the Hg(Ag)FE in the concentration range from 0.05 to 5.00 $\mu $M. Precision, repeatability, and accuracy of …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Magnetic Amidoximated Chitosan-G Poly(Polyacrylonitrile)/Laponite Rd Nanocomposites With Enhanced Adsorption Capacity For Cu$^{2+}$, Gholam Reza Mahdavinia, Ebrahim Shokri

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Magnetic amidoximated nanocomposites based on a combination of chitosan and magnetic laponite RD were prepared and examined for the removal of Cu$^{2+}$ from aqueous solutions. Magnetic laponite RD was prepared by an in situ method. In order to prepare magnetic amidoximated nanocomposites, acrylonitrile was grafted to chitosan in the presence of magnetic laponite RD. Then the nitrile pendants on magnetic chitosan-g-polyacrylonitrile/laponite RD (mChtioPANLap) were converted to amidoxime groups. We developed a polyamidoximated magnetic nanocomposite based on a mixture of chitosan/laponite RD, possessing a high adsorption capacity for Cu$^{2+}$. By introducing magnetic laponite RD the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites for Cu$^{2+}$ …

Improvement Of Electrochemical And Structural Properties Of Polycarbazole By Simultaneous Electrodeposition Of Chitosan, Di̇dem Balun Kayan, Veysel Polat

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Polycarbazole/chitosan composite materials were synthesized electrochemically at various loadings of chitosan (Chi). Their electrochemical, structural, thermal, and morphological characterizations were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Further electrical conductivity was measured using a four-point probe technique. The electrochemical results showed that the electrical conductivity of the polymeric composite film was increased by increasing the amount of Chi in the electrolyte medium. The as-prepared composite films exhibited enhanced electrical conductivity and structural properties of polycarbazole due to the presence of Chi in the composite films.

Activity Of $\Gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$-Based Mn, Cu, And Co Oxide Nanocatalysts For Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nitric Oxide With Ammonia, Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi, Gerard Delahay

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Our studies on the selective catalytic reduction of NO (SCR-deNO) properties of M/$\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ (M = Mn, Co, Cu) nanocatalysts are presented. All catalysts were prepared by homogeneous deposition precipitation using urea as the precursor for the precipitating agent. The SCR activity followed the order Mn/$\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3} >$ Cu/$\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3} >$ Co/$\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$. The nanocatalysts were characterized with respect to their texture (N$_{2}$-BET), particle size (TEM), reducibility (H$_{2}$-TPR), and acidity (NH$_{3}$-TPD). The TEM analysis revealed that the metal species have superior dispersion with less agglomeration and sintering on $\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ support. The H$_{2}$-TPR results confirmed that the Mn/$\gamma $-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ nanocatalyst …

Efficient Photodegradation Of Neutral Red Chloride Dye In Aqueous Medium Using Graphene/Cobalt-Manganese Oxides Nanocomposite, Khalid Saeed, Idrees Khan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Graphene/cobalt-manganese oxides nanocomposites were prepared from their precursor through chemical reduction where NaOH was used as a reducing agent. The obtained GNs/Co-Mn nanocomposites were used as photocatalyst for the photodegradation of Neutral Red Chloride (NRC) dye in aqueous solution under sunlight as a function of time and catalyst dosage. The morphology and photodegradation study was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometry, respectively. The SEM image showed the presence of Co-Mn nanoparticles on the surface of GNs, which were also confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The photodegradation study of NRC showed that the degradation of dye …

Calix[4]Pyrroles With Bulky Substituents And Their Anion Binding Studies, Ahmet Akar, Abdullah Aydogan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Calix[4]pyrrole derivatives with bulky substituents at their meso-positions were synthesized via mixed condensation of pyrrole with cyclohexanone and acetophenone derivatives. Anion binding studies, carried out by isothermal titration calorimetry in 1,2-dichloroethane with Cl$^{-}$ and CH$_{3}$CO$_{2}^{-}$ anions in the form of their tetrabutylammonium salts, revealed that these new calix[4]pyrrole derivatives can bind the aforementioned anions as effectively as the unsubstituted ''parent'' system, octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole (1). Structural characterizations of new calix[4]pyrroles were carried out by using $^{1}$H and $^{13}$C NMR spectroscopy corroborated with mass spectrometry.

Adsorption Isotherm Modeling Of Carbendazim And Flumetsulam Onto Homoionic-Montmorillonite Clays: Comparison Of Linear And Nonlinear Models, Yassine El Maataoui̇, Mohamadine El M'Rabet, Abdelkrim Maaroufi, Hassan Oudda, Abdelmalek Dahchour

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This study deals with the adsorption of two pesticides, carbendazim and flumetsulam, from aqueous solutions onto four homoionic-montmorillonite clays (Ag$^{+}$, Zn$^{2+}$, Cu$^{2+}$, and H$^{+})$. Equilibrium adsorption isotherm data were analyzed using Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin isotherms. Linear and nonlinear fitting methods were compared to determine the best-fitting isotherms for the experimental data. Three error analysis methods were used to evaluate the data for each method: the coefficient of determination (R$^{2})$, sum of squared errors (SSE), and chi-square test ($\chi^{2})$. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms exhibited that the carbendazim adsorption mainly involved cation exchange with homoionic-montmorillonite adsorbents. However, for flumetsulam, the main mechanisms …

The Reactions Of N$_{3}$P$_{3}$Cl$_{6}$ With Monodentate And Bidentate Ligands: The Syntheses And Structural Characterizations, In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities, And Dna Interactions Of 4-Fluorobenzyl(N/O)Spirocyclotriphosphazenes, Aytuğ Okumuş, Gamze Elmas, Zeynel Kiliç, Nagehan Ramazanoğlu, Leyla Açik, Mustafa Türk, Gülçi̇n Akca

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The Cl replacement reactions of 4-fluorobenzyl(N/O)spirocyclotriphosphazene (2) with excess monoamines led to the formation of 4-fluorobenzylspiro(N/O)tetraaminocyclotriphosphazenes (2a-2d). The partly substituted \textbf{dispiro 3b and dispiro 3c and fully substituted trispirocyclotriphosphazenes (trans 4a, cis 4c, 4d, and 4e) were obtained, respectively, from the reactions of 2 with one equimolar and two equimolar amounts of diamines, aminoalcohol, and diols. Although efforts were made for the separation of the cis/trans and optical isomers of the dispiro phosphazenes, only one set of diastereomers (RR/RS or SS/SR) of dispiro 3b and dispiro 3c was isolated, respectively. The $^{31}$P NMR spectral data of the other dispiro phosphazenes …

A Rapid, Efficient, And Green Synthesis Of Benzo[$A$]Chromeno[2,3-$C$]Phenazine Derivatives Via Microwave Assistance And Dabco~Catalyzed A Novel Domino Cyclization, Seid-Ali Mirmiran-Yazdi, Afshin Yazdani Elah Abadi, Nasim Shams, Razieh Mohebat

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

An efficient, convenient, and environmentally benign procedure for the synthesis of novel benzo[$a$]chromeno[2,3-$c$]phenazine derivatives has been developed by domino four-component condensation reaction between 2-hydroxynaphtha- lene-1,4-dione, $o-$phenylenediamine, aromatic aldehydes, and naphthols or phenol in the presence of a catalytic amount of DABCO as an expedient, ecofriendly, and reusable base catalyst under microwave irradiation in EtOH/H$_{2}$O (1:1). This green process produces biologically and pharmacologically significant heterocycles in a single one-pot operation and offers considerable advantages such as operational simplicity, short reaction time, high yields, reusability of the catalyst, absence of any tedious workup or purification, and avoidance of hazardous reagents/solvents.

Investigation Of Photochemical And Photophysical Properties Of Novel Silicon(Iv) Phthalocyanines And Their $\Mu $-Oxo Dimers, Ömer Güngör, Mahmut Durmuş, Vefa Ahsen

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The synthesis and characterization of novel tetraalkylthio (SC$_{6}$H$_{13}$ or SC$_{12}$H$_{25})$ substituted $\mu $-oxo silicon(IV) phthalocyanines (3a and 3b) and their $\mu$-oxo derivatives (4a and 4b) were described in this study. These silicon(IV) phthalocyanines were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Vis, $^{1}$H NMR, FT-IR, and mass and elemental analysis, as well. Furthermore, the photophysical (fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) and photochemical (singlet oxygen generation) properties of the newly synthesized silicon(IV) phthalocyanines (3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b) were investigated in dimethylformamide solution. The absorption and fluorescence excitation wavelengths of the studied silicon(IV) phthalocyanines were blue-shifted when they converted to their …

Investigation Of Photoinduced Polymerization Of Doxycycline-Imprinted Hydrogels: Effect Of Template On Initiator Reactivity, Conversion, And Reaction Rate, Di̇lek Dalgakiran, Tuğçe İnan, Fatma Seni̇ha Güner

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Photopolymerization kinetics of doxycycline hyclate (DOX)-imprinted hydrogels were monitored by real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential photocalorimetry. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate-based hydrogels were synthesized by using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker, acrylic acid (AA) as a functional monomer, and 2,2-dimethyl-2-hydroxy acetophenone as a photoinitiator. For imprinting DOX in hydrogels, the molar ratio of template to functional monomer (DOX:AA) was chosen as 1:8 and 1:16. The polymerization was achieved at two different initiator concentrations. The conversion and reaction rate were calculated as a function of the molar ratio of template, and the results were compared to those of nonimprinted ones. In …

A Simple And Effective Method For Determination Of The Antithyroid Drug Carbimazole Using Ruthenium Trichloride, Mukul Sharma, Afraim Koty, Abdul Jabbar Al Rajab

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

An accurate, precise, and simple spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of the antithyroid drug carbimazole using ruthenium(III) chloride. This method is based on the formation at room temperature of a stable yellow-colored complex with λ$_{max}$ 370 nm. The method has a Beer's law range of 7.81 to 1.95 $\times $ 10$^{2}$ $\mu $g mL$^{-1}$, molar absorptivity coefficient $\varepsilon =$ 1.519 $\times $ 10$^{3}$ L mol$^{-1}$ cm$^{-1}$, and correlation coefficient of 0.997. The metal:ligand (M:L) ratio of the complex was confirmed by the mole ratio and Job's method of continuous variation, suggesting a 1:2 stoichiometry. The formed carbimazole:Ru(III) complex …