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2017

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A Transcription For The Viola Of Three Violin Works By Amy Beach: A Historical, Theoretical, And Pedagogical Analysis, Courtney Erin Grant Jan 2017

A Transcription For The Viola Of Three Violin Works By Amy Beach: A Historical, Theoretical, And Pedagogical Analysis, Courtney Erin Grant

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary purpose of this project was to transcribe and create publisher-ready scores for viola and piano of three works originally written for violin and piano by Amy Beach. These scores are being made available through Spartan Press Music. The pieces transcribed are the Romance, opus 23, Three Pieces for Violin, opus 40, and Invocation, opus 55. A detailed analysis of each of these pieces is also included, as no other scholar has yet published such an analysis. The harmonic, thematic, and melodic components are broken down into as much detail as possible.;Each piece also adds significantly to the viola …

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Investigation Of Rope Formation In Gas-Solid Flows Using Flow Visualization And Cfd Simulations, Venkata Subba Sai Satish Guda Jan 2017

Investigation Of Rope Formation In Gas-Solid Flows Using Flow Visualization And Cfd Simulations, Venkata Subba Sai Satish Guda

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coal is still one of the widely-used resources for power generation all over the world. Most of the relevant industries use pulverized coal as fuel which is delivered to the furnace by pneumatic conveying. Extensive use of coal has resulted in severe environmental problems due to emissions such as Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen and Sulphur compounds among others. It is postulated that if combustion efficiency is improved, this will lead to significant reduction in pollutant emissions. Combustion efficiency of pulverized coal power plants is influenced strongly by particle size distribution. Most industries use Cyclone Separators (or Classifiers) to separate the larger …

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Field Performance Evaluation Of A Disposable Sampler For Inhalable Heavy Metal Aerosols, Peter John Grimson Jan 2017

Field Performance Evaluation Of A Disposable Sampler For Inhalable Heavy Metal Aerosols, Peter John Grimson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reliably sampling worker exposures to aerosolized particulates is an integral part of many industrial operations. The production of inhalable particulates in the presence of workers is a common issue and one that should be closely monitored by health and safety professionals. Regulatory agencies such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the Mine Safety and Health Administration have specific standards that are legally enforceable pertaining to particulate aerosol exposure limits. Therefore, in many industrial operations, air sampling of workers is an essential part of maintaining regulatory compliance.;Although many airborne particulates can pose significant health risks, the costs of air …

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High School Coaches' Experiences With Openly Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Athletes, Meghan K. Halbrook Jan 2017

High School Coaches' Experiences With Openly Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Athletes, Meghan K. Halbrook

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite reports that there has been a positive trend in perception and treatment of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals in recent years (Griffin, 2012; Loftus, 2001), sport, in general, is still an uncertain, and sometimes even hostile, environment for LGB athletes (Anderson, 2005; Beylin, 2006; Waldron & Krane, 2005). These concerns may be even more prevalent at the high school level, with student-athletes putting a strong emphasis on attempting to develop an independent and positive social identity through group or team interactions (Grant et al., 2014; Taifel & Turner, 1986). To gain more information on coach understanding and perceptions …

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Characterization Of The Immune Response To Lipopolysaccharide In Early Pregnant Ewes As A Model To Study Bacterial Infection Induced Embryonic Loss, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield Jan 2017

Characterization Of The Immune Response To Lipopolysaccharide In Early Pregnant Ewes As A Model To Study Bacterial Infection Induced Embryonic Loss, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An immunological balance has to be established during pregnancy that protects the mother yet tolerates the semi-allogenic fetus. To understand the innate immune response during bacterial infections that may cause early embryonic loss, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated sheep model was used. Two objectives of this study were to examine if omega-3 PUFAs in the form of supplementary whole flaxseed could reduce the inflammatory response to an LPS challenge and to examine if there is a differential immune response to LPS in Suffolk and Dorset ewes. A total of 3 experiments were conducted; two investigating the effect of supplement and one …

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Brook And Brown Trout Movement In A Restored Appalachian Watershed, Benjamin Joseph Harris Jan 2017

Brook And Brown Trout Movement In A Restored Appalachian Watershed, Benjamin Joseph Harris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Understanding the localized ecological impacts of large-scale environmental (i.e., land use and climate) change is of critical importance not only to scientists tasked with natural resource management, but also individuals and communities across the world. In the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States, Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis serve as a key indicator species for the integrity of stream habitats. Brook Trout populations have largely declined throughout their native range, with impending climate change and thermal habitat exclusion potentially reducing Brook Trout habitat by more than 50%. Therefore, it is imperative that we understand interactions between Brook Trout and the …

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Geographic Biases In Human Lyme Disease Surveillance And Utility Of Companion Animal Sentinel Programs: Exploratory Spatial Analysis, Brian Hendricks Jan 2017

Geographic Biases In Human Lyme Disease Surveillance And Utility Of Companion Animal Sentinel Programs: Exploratory Spatial Analysis, Brian Hendricks

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background and Objectives: Mapping and exploratory spatial data analyses are ideal tools for characterizing spread and occurrence of human Lyme disease infection. Unfortunately, many mapped displays utilizing Lyme disease surveillance data are prone to bias due to a lack of consideration for geographical confounders. The objectives of our study were to 1) characterize the geographic effects that boundary and travel related biases have on visualization of human Lyme disease occurrence and 2) apply these findings to develop a more precise methodology for evaluating efficacy of animal sentinel surveillance programs in predicting incidence of human Lyme disease infection.;Methods: County-level human Lyme …

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Investigation Of Energy Consumption And Characteristics Of A Battery Electric Vehicle, Jacob Hill Jan 2017

Investigation Of Energy Consumption And Characteristics Of A Battery Electric Vehicle, Jacob Hill

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Electric vehicles are becoming more popular for manufacturers as emissions restrictions for internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles become tighter. The primary objective of this study was to characterize a battery electric vehicle (BEV) with respect to energy consumption as well as emissions from the battery or propulsion system. It was also desired to compare the BEV to internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles in its class considering greenhouse gases, as well as energy economy, miles per gallon (MPG), and miles per gallon equivalent (MPGge) efficiency.;Tesla is a forerunner in BEVs. The approach they took in making their battery pack …

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Between A Bear And An Eagle: Soviet Arms And The U.S. Response In Peru, William Horacek Jan 2017

Between A Bear And An Eagle: Soviet Arms And The U.S. Response In Peru, William Horacek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research looks at the left-leaning military government of Juan Velasco Alvarado of Peru ruled from 1968 to 1975. This government embarked on a crusade to modernize Peru through a series of reforms and changes in Peruvian foreign policy. The United States responded with non-overt economic pressure, and the ending of military sales to Peru. Peru bought weaponry from the Soviet Union against the wishes of the United States in 1973, and this resulted in a more conciliatory foreign policy from the United States towards the Andean nation. The shifting foreign policy is the opposite of how historians have characterized …

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Dynamic Model And Estimator Development For A Smart Refractory Brick With Embedded Wireless Sensors For Gasifier Applications, Qiao Huang Jan 2017

Dynamic Model And Estimator Development For A Smart Refractory Brick With Embedded Wireless Sensors For Gasifier Applications, Qiao Huang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The operating temperature is one of the most important variables for gasifier operation. A higher temperature can shorten the service life of the refractory lining. A lower temperature can reduce the extent of carbon conversion and disrupt the flow of molten slag in a slagging gasifier. Therefore temperature is one of the most important variable in a gasifier. In slagging gasifiers, molten slag can penetrate into the refractory lining leading to refractory spallation, undesired downtime, and costly replacement. Even though the temperature and extent of slag penetration are extremely important for the gasifier operation, they cannot be measured reliably by …

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Examining The Impact Of A Short-Term Psychological Skills Training Program On Dancers' Coping Skills, Pain Appraisals, And Injuries, Leigh A. Bryant Jan 2017

Examining The Impact Of A Short-Term Psychological Skills Training Program On Dancers' Coping Skills, Pain Appraisals, And Injuries, Leigh A. Bryant

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Psychological skills interventions are often conducted with individual athletes and sports teams in an effort to build mental toughness, prevent injury, or enhance performance. Dancers remain an underserved population in the delivery of sport/performance psychology services, with extremely limited literature addressing college dance students. The dance community has several inherent physical and psychosocial demands, which can promote resilience. However, dancers may also strive to meet these demands by employing unhealthy coping strategies that could be linked to maladaptive appraisals and increased injury risk. The present study examined the impact of a psychological skills intervention program on college dance students' (N …

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Changes In Athletes' Anxiety, Anger, And Impulsiveness Following Concussion, Megan Byrd Jan 2017

Changes In Athletes' Anxiety, Anger, And Impulsiveness Following Concussion, Megan Byrd

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The impacts and effects of sport-related concussion have been considered a major health concern as early as 1999 (Kelly, 1999) and have continued to be a prominent topic of controversy among all levels of sport. Amidst this concern and controversy, the emotional impacts of sport-related concussion, particularly anxiety, anger, and impulsivity are still relatively unknown. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport concussions and anger, anxiety, and impulsivity in collegiate athletes. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine if there is a subset of athletes who are more likely to exhibit certain …

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"Here There Is No Plague": The Ideology And Phenomenology Of Aids In Gay Literature, Michael Alan Buso Jan 2017

"Here There Is No Plague": The Ideology And Phenomenology Of Aids In Gay Literature, Michael Alan Buso

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This project considers the social movements, historical memory, and politics of health to trace the way the literature of the AIDS epidemic both documents and discloses the lived experiences of a community struggling in the midst of an epidemic. It focuses on the literature of AIDS, analyzing the underlying ideologies of AIDS and articulating a phenomenology of AIDS that goes beyond the feminist or queer ones already considered in current scholarship. I argue that the literature of AIDS reflects various ideological fantasies about AIDS that, depending on political preconceptions and ontologies of identity, must, out of necessity, exclude certain ideas …

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Recreation In The Brazilian Amazon - Understanding Visitor Profile And Perceptions Of Crowding, Lidiane Castro Gregory Jan 2017

Recreation In The Brazilian Amazon - Understanding Visitor Profile And Perceptions Of Crowding, Lidiane Castro Gregory

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this thesis was to define the visitor profile of the Brazilian Amazon Basin using data from two different locations: The Tapajos National Forest and Anavilhanas National Park. This study also investigated possible issues regarding crowding. Overall data as well as segmented data were used in the analysis.;The methodology consisted of on-site interviews with survey days spread across weekdays and weekends. A total of 2534 usable surveys were collected from October 2015 to May 2015. All the analysis was conducted on SPSS. Frequencies, valid percentages, and means were used to describe the sample. For comparative analyzes between the …

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Design And Development Of A Novel Nanoparticle Aerosol Generation System For Research Applications, Justin R. Chambers Jan 2017

Design And Development Of A Novel Nanoparticle Aerosol Generation System For Research Applications, Justin R. Chambers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nanoparticles have become of great interest within the scientific community for their use in diverse applications. With this rapidly evolving field, new nano-sized compounds are being developed and used for a variety of reasons. Nanoparticle aerosol technology, aerosolization and dispersion of nano-compounds, has many novel applications and can be used to support current research efforts. This may include anything from drug delivery techniques to industrial processes. To aid these processes, new methods of aerosol generation and dispersion are needed to meet these future needs. This research and development is being conducted to expand upon a novel nanoparticle aerosol generator as …

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Injection Drug Use Among West Virginia Medicaid Beneficiaries: An Analysis Of Health Outcomes, Service Utilization, And Cost, Michael J. Cima Jan 2017

Injection Drug Use Among West Virginia Medicaid Beneficiaries: An Analysis Of Health Outcomes, Service Utilization, And Cost, Michael J. Cima

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the United States, injection drug use is a serious public health concern associated with an array of negative health outcomes and substantial financial consequences for systems of care. The purpose of this study was to characterize a statewide sample of Medicaid insured persons who inject drugs in terms of health outcomes, service utilization and cost. A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of West Virginia Medicaid claims data between 2014 and 2016 was conducted. Between 2014 and 2016, 5,082 West Virginia Medicaid beneficiaries amassed 14,414 service visits, among which inpatient, emergency room, and mental health and substance abuse were the most common. …

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Predictors Of Treatment Attendance And Adherence Among Individuals Receiving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Insomnia, Ruifeng Cui Jan 2017

Predictors Of Treatment Attendance And Adherence Among Individuals Receiving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Insomnia, Ruifeng Cui

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rates of Insomnia Disorder have been found to be as high as 10% in the general population. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is an effective treatment for insomnia. Problematically, low rates of treatment attendance and adherence are common in CBT-I and negatively impact treatment outcomes. The present study examined predictors of attendance and adherence in a sample of adults receiving CBT-I. Identifying common predictors may help researchers in designing more effective CBT-I treatments. Participants were 108 community dwelling adults aged 19-95 who met criteria for Insomnia Disorder. The sample was comprised of primarily female (71.3%) middle age ( M …

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Development Of Ethics Education Guidelines For Undergraduate Athletic Training Education Programs, Kaitlynn Cullen Jan 2017

Development Of Ethics Education Guidelines For Undergraduate Athletic Training Education Programs, Kaitlynn Cullen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context: Since 2007, much of the literature has determined a need for recognition and resolution of ethical situations in the athletic training profession. Existing demographic studies suggest areas of improvement for athletic training education program (ATEP) ethics curriculum, however, little has been accomplished within the past nine years. The athletic training field has not addressed specific guidelines needed to teach ethics courses or an appropriate curriculum for the undergraduate ATEP setting. Educational guidelines should be developed for ethics education in undergraduate ATEPs. Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop guidelines for ethics education in undergraduate ATEPs. Design: This …

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The Effects Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid And Berberine Supplementation On Markers Of Allopurinol Activated Oxidative Stress In Broiler Chickens, Vincent Dartigue Jan 2017

The Effects Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid And Berberine Supplementation On Markers Of Allopurinol Activated Oxidative Stress In Broiler Chickens, Vincent Dartigue

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Selection for rapid growth in poultry can be linked to an exaggerated state of oxidative stress (reactive oxidative species, ROS). Reactive oxidative species are kept in balance by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Two compounds, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and berberine (BRB) a purified compound from plant root extract have been suggested to ameliorate antioxidant activity. A ten week study examined the effect of CLA and berberine supplementation on markers of oxidative stress in poultry. Broiler chickens (n=60) were equally divided into six groups; a control, a CLA group where half of the regular oil used in a standard was substituted …

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The Analysis Of 2,5-Dimethoxy-N-(N-Methoxybenzyl) Phenethylamine (Nbome) Isomers Using Traditional And Fast Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, J. Tyler Davidson Jan 2017

The Analysis Of 2,5-Dimethoxy-N-(N-Methoxybenzyl) Phenethylamine (Nbome) Isomers Using Traditional And Fast Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, J. Tyler Davidson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An alarming trend in the field of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) is the emergence of a class of synthetic phenethylamine derivatives known as NBOMes. These substances are low dosage hallucinogenic designer drugs that have become popular for recreational drug use, especially in Europe, Asia, and North America. The hallucinogenic effects of these substances are directly linked to the substitution and arrangement of the generic phenethylamine structure. An outbreak of deaths across the United States has prompted increased legislation to ban their distribution and use, but knowledge about NBOMes, and specifically the positional isomers, is lacking. In addition to identifying particular …

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High-Intensity Pleasure And Self-Regulation In Adolescence, Katy L. Delong Jan 2017

High-Intensity Pleasure And Self-Regulation In Adolescence, Katy L. Delong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Much research exists on the importance of high-intensity pleasure and self-regulation predicting various outcomes in adolescence. Less well understood is how these constructs interact. The present study includes 116 adolescents (Mage = 15.50, 61.7% male) and a participating parent. The present studied investigated if self-regulation moderated the association between high- intensity pleasure and adolescent outcomes including depressive symptoms, substance use, interpersonal functioning, and academic functioning. Covarying age and gender, main and moderation effects were examined with hierarchical linear regression and logistic regression analyses. More high-intensity pleasure only predicted parent-rated adolescent interpersonal functioning. Self-regulation predicted less likelihood of alcohol use in …

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The Effect Of Early Skin-To-Skin Contact On Breastfeeding Duration And Exclusivity: A Mixed Methods Study, Cristina Menking-Hoggatt Jan 2017

The Effect Of Early Skin-To-Skin Contact On Breastfeeding Duration And Exclusivity: A Mixed Methods Study, Cristina Menking-Hoggatt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial to the health of both mother and infant and fosters optimal growth for the baby in the first two years of life. Evidence based guidelines followed by the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) includes Ten Steps. Step Four recommends placing the newborn skin-to-skin on the mother's chest to foster the initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour after birth.;Objectives: The first and second objective determined if skin-to-skin contact (SSC) between mother and infant in the healthy postpartum breastfeeding mother affected duration and exclusivity rates at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. The third objective described …

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Researching History And Performance Practice Regarding Improvisation And Ornamentation In Mozart's Keyboard Works, With Special Attention To Cadenzas, Josiane Merlino Jan 2017

Researching History And Performance Practice Regarding Improvisation And Ornamentation In Mozart's Keyboard Works, With Special Attention To Cadenzas, Josiane Merlino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this paper is to examine the history and background of several keyboard works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756--1791) and to consider how that research influences interpretation and shapes performance practice, with special attention to the composition of stylistically appropriate and historically informed cadenzas.;First in the paper, I talk about some aspects of performance practice including tempo, pedaling, articulation, and differences between Mozart's piano and modern pianos. Next, I discuss the importance of theoretical analysis and researching biographical events in a composer's life to know historical context of a piece. Ultimately, opportunities that are not notated in the …

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Novel Treatment Strategies For Brain Metastases Of Breast Cancer, Afroz Shareef Mohammad Jan 2017

Novel Treatment Strategies For Brain Metastases Of Breast Cancer, Afroz Shareef Mohammad

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

About 20-40% of advanced breast cancer patients will develop symptomatic brain metastases. Once the patients diagnosed with metastatic brain tumors, there is 80% mortality rate within one year. The presence of blood-brain barrier makes it difficult for drugs to reach the site of action in brain-related ailments. To overcome we came up with two strategies: First, we encapsulated the chemotherapy in a liposome and thereby significantly improving the plasma pharmacokinetics of chemotherapy. We also observed that tumor drug exposure significantly improved by liposomal formulation. This improvement in plasma drug pharmacokinetics and tumor drug accumulation after administration of the liposomal formulation …

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Evaluation Of Small Tree And Shrub Plantings On Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Alexis Monteleone Jan 2017

Evaluation Of Small Tree And Shrub Plantings On Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Alexis Monteleone

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hundreds of acres of mined land are reclaimed annually in West Virginia (WV) and are planted with hardwood tree species. Forestry and wildlife post-mining land uses require the planting of specific tree species designated by the individual mine permit and planting plan, which generally includes planting of commercially-valuable hardwood species. Establishment and growth of fruit- and nut-producing small tree and native shrub species has not been studied for reforestation plantings on surface mines. Though these species are not generally planted as part of forestry reclamation, they are commonly found in forest ecosystems of WV and are often an important component, …

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Examining Diabetes, Depression And Suicide In Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Kimberly Morton Jan 2017

Examining Diabetes, Depression And Suicide In Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Kimberly Morton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rates of suicide in the United States are highest in middle-aged and older adults compared to younger age groups. These rates are alarming and point to the need for suicide prevention research in middle-aged and older adult populations. Depression is the most well-established independent risk factor for death by suicide. Some health conditions are also associated with risk of suicide above and beyond depression. Diabetes is often co-morbid with depression (clinical and subclinical depression). However, research examining diabetes and risk of suicide is less clear. In the current study, the first aim was to examine diabetes, vision impairment and depressive …

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An Area-Based Calculation Of The Analysis Of Roof Bolt Systems (Arbs), Aanand Nandula Jan 2017

An Area-Based Calculation Of The Analysis Of Roof Bolt Systems (Arbs), Aanand Nandula

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this research is to develop a software tool, which will assist in the area-wide calculation of ARBS while incorporating more detailed/accurate stress, varying CMRR and intersection span inputs. This tool imports the overburden, abutment and multiple-seam stresses as obtained by the boundary-element program LaModel and is converts them to a "pseudo-depth" which is used as the depth input to the ARBS calculations. In addition, available geologic data at the mine can be used to determine an area-based CMRR, and mine design information can be used to determine an area-based intersection span for input to the calculation. This …

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Narrow Representation? The Impact Of Implicitly And Explicitly Racial Issues On Opinion And Representation, Franchesca V. Nestor Jan 2017

Narrow Representation? The Impact Of Implicitly And Explicitly Racial Issues On Opinion And Representation, Franchesca V. Nestor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My dissertation combines knowledge from the opinion, racial and ethnic politics, and representation literatures to examine Black and Latino opinion and representation on racially salient issues. I theorize that representation of Blacks and Latinos is a "narrow" representation, much more in line with Black and Latino opinion on issues that are explicitly, rather than implicitly, racial. To test this theory, I build upon the literature by considering intersectional identity and multiple methods of representation. In Chapter 2, I examine two questions: when do income and racial group differences occur on racially salient issues, and if splits occur between respondents of …

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Continuing Education Dispositions Of Ncaa-Di Football Strength And Conditioning Coaches: A Qualitative Analysis, Joshua G. Nelson Jan 2017

Continuing Education Dispositions Of Ncaa-Di Football Strength And Conditioning Coaches: A Qualitative Analysis, Joshua G. Nelson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: To explore the continuing education dispositions of collegiate football strength and conditioning coaches in the NCAA-DI. Methods: Qualitative content analysis was used on data collected via online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to explore the learning habits and values toward career long learning of eight (n=8) active collegiate football strength and conditioning coaches certified with either the National Strength and Conditioning Association or College Strength and Conditioning Coaches Association, and in full time employment as a college strength and conditioning coach for at least ten years. Results: Results identified themes associated with how coaches engage in continuing education throughout their …

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Signal And Schedule Functions When Pausing Is The Operant, Tyler D. Nighbor Jan 2017

Signal And Schedule Functions When Pausing Is The Operant, Tyler D. Nighbor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pausing, like other operants, is affected by the schedule of reinforcement for alternative responses and the antecedent discriminative stimuli that set the occasion for it to be reinforced. The effects of both of these variables on pausing were further investigated in three experiments in which key pecking by pigeons was reinforced concurrently according to, respectively, a variable-interval schedule, a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate schedule, and a fixed-ratio schedule. The antecedent discriminative stimulus control of pausing was investigated by comparing unsignaled, briefly signaled, and fully signaled pausing contingencies in each experiment. Pigeons' time allocation to pausing in both full-and brief- signal conditions with each …

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