Digital Commons Network^™

Robert E. Lee And Slavery, Allen C. Guelzo

Civil War Era Studies Faculty Publications

Robert E. Lee was the most successful Confederate military leader during the American Civil War (1861–1865). This also made him, by virtue of the Confederacy's defense of chattel slavery, the most successful defender of the enslavement of African Americans. Yet his own personal record on both slavery and race is mottled with contradictions and ambivalence, all which were in plain view during his long career. Born into two of Virginia's most prominent families, Lee spent his early years surrounded by enslaved African Americans, although that changed once he joined the Army. His wife, Mary Randolph Custis Lee, freed her own …

Which Triggers Produce The Most Erosive, Frequent, And Longest Runout Turbidity Currents On Deltas?, Jamie L. Hizzett, John E. Hughes Clarke, Esther J. Sumner, Peter J. Talling, Michael A. Clare

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Subaerial rivers and turbidity currents are the two most voluminous sediment transport processes on our planet, and it is important to understand how they are linked offshore from river mouths. Previously, it was thought that slope failures or direct plunging of river floodwater (hyperpycnal flow) dominated the triggering of turbidity currents on delta fronts. Here we reanalyze the most detailed time‐lapse monitoring yet of a submerged delta; comprising 93 surveys of the Squamish Delta in British Columbia, Canada. We show that most turbidity currents are triggered by settling of sediment from dilute surface river plumes, rather than landslides or hyperpycnal …

The Foundations Of Modern Criminal Law And Gender Inequality, Catalina P. Correa

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

Modern penal theory, like prevalent western theories of law, adopts a determined model of autonomy, one in which people are separable from social and family contexts. Taken to the criminal law context, this model proposes people can be defined without taking into account the social context. The use of prisons thus presupposes that individuals can be removed from their communities and families to be reeducated, readapted, treated or—in the retributive approach—simply punished. This notion of autonomy, however, hides from sight the group of people who not only maintain family ties with the men and women in prison, but who also, …

Open Access: A Means For Social Justice And Greater Social Cohesion, Nikos Koutras

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Vegetation Response To Wildfire At Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico: Case Study Of The Las Conchas Fire, Gladys Valentin-Gonzalez

Geography ETDs

In the past couple of decades, there has been an increase in the occurrence of wildfire events in the United States. The U.S. Forest Service estimates that over 73,000 wildfires on average occur annually in the U.S., burning about 7.3 million acres of land. Bandelier National Monument, in northern New Mexico, has been affected by several wildfires in the past 40 years, one of the most recent being the Las Conchas Fire in 2011, which burned over 60,700 hectaresin Bandelier National Monument and Valles Caldera National Preserve. This research explores a remote-sensing based assessment of vegetation response to and recovery …

Hierarchical Creep Cavity Formation In An Ultramylonite And Implications For Phase Mixing, J Gilgannon, F Fusseis, L Menegon, K Regenauer-Lieb, J Buckman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Abstract. Establishing models for the formation of well-mixed polyphase domains in ultramylonites is difficult because the effects of large strains and thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical feedbacks can obscure the transient phenomena that may be responsible for domain production. We use scanning electron microscopy and nanotomography to offer critical insights into how the microstructure of a highly deformed quartzo-feldspathic ultramylonite evolved. The dispersal of monomineralic quartz domains in the ultramylonite is interpreted to be the result of the emergence of synkinematic pores, called creep cavities. The cavities can be considered the product of two distinct mechanisms that formed hierarchically: Zener–Stroh cracking and viscous grain-boundary …

Constraining The Deforestation History Of Europe: Evaluation Of Historical Land Use Scenarios With Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Jed O. Kaplan, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie José Gaillard, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

English Major Receives Winthrop's Highest Award For Academic Excellence, Winthrop University

Winthrop News 2017

• Sparrow is an English major from Clover, South Carolina.
• A member of the Winthrop cross-country team, she has been accepted into the Peace Corps and will soon be teaching English in Mongolia.

The Problems Of Energy Efficiency In Extracting Fat And Oils From Cotton Seeds And Their Sufficient Solutions, А. Radjabov, А. Turdiboyev, D. Akbarov

Irrigation and Melioration

The article deals with the issues of increasing energy efficiency in obtaining oil from cotton seeds. The relationship between the amount of oil obtained and the degree of damage to cotton seed pulp is shown. Electropulse treatment of cotton seeds is expected to increase the amount of oil produced and to reduce energy costs in the technological process.

Enriching Teaching Practice Through Place, Arts And Culture: Resources For In-Service Teachers Of The Bering Strait School District, Robin L. Child

Education

The SILKAT (Sustaining Indigenous and Local Knowledge, Art and Teaching) project joins together the University of Alaska Fairbanks and the Bering Strait School District in an effort to celebrate the rich cultural arts and Indigenous knowledge of northwest Alaska and bring the knowledge and ingenuity of local artists and culture-bearers to the forefront of teaching practices and curriculum. This work presents the content and format of one teacher professional development module based on one of seven arts and place-based core teaching practices-the ability to elicit student thinking and facilitate reflective thinking in students. It also examines the development of two …

How To Guide: Implementing Place Based Learning Into The Classroom, Elisha Howard

Education

New teachers to rural Alaska may have a difficult time integrating place-based education into their classroom while still using the mandated curriculum provided by their school district. Teachers may also have a hard time relating to their students because they are new to the community and culture. There are limited resources to help teachers learn how to implement place-based education into the curriculum given. Therefore, a how-to guide would be helpful to rural Alaska teachers. This how-to guide will include: Part I. Before Instruction, Part II. Adapting Instruction, Part III. Finding Resources, and Part IV. After the Lessons: Assessments.

Glacier Contribution To Lowland Streamflow: A Multi-Year, Geochemical Hydrograph Separation Study In Sub-Arctic Alaska, Tiffany A. Gatesman

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Glacier melt affects the geochemical composition of rivers; however, quantifying the glacier contribution to subarctic watershed-scale runoff has attracted limited attention. To estimate glacier contribution, we conducted a 6-year geochemical hydrograph separation study in a geologically heterogeneous glacierized watershed in Interior Alaska. Water samples were collected daily from Jarvis Creek during late April through September. Source waters were collected synoptically each year from rain, snow, baseflow (winter discharge), and the glacier terminus discharge. All samples were analyzed for stable water isotopes and dissolved ion concentrations. Stream surface water samples have large seasonal and inter-annual geochemical variation, however, source waters show …

Integrating Herbivore Population Dynamics Into A Global Land Biosphere Model: Plugging Animals Into The Earth System, Shree R. S. Dangal, Hanqin Tian, Chaoqun Lu, Wei Ren, Shufen Pan, Jia Yang, Nicola Di Cosmo, Amy Hessl

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Mammalian herbivores are an essential component of grassland and savanna ecosystems, and with feedbacks to the climate system. To date, the response and feedbacks of mammalian herbivores to changes in both abiotic and biotic factors are poorly quantified and not adequately represented in the current global land surface modeling framework. In this study, we coupled herbivore population dynamics in a global land model (the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model, DLEM 3.0) to simulate populations of horses, cattle, sheep, and goats, and their responses to changes in multiple environmental factors at the site level across different continents during 1980–2010. Simulated results show …

Circulation And Dynamics On The Northeastern Chukchi Sea Shelf, Ying-Chih Fang

Oceanography

The circulation on the northeastern Chukchi Sea shelf is controlled by the poleward pressure gradient between the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. Local winds modulate the upper ocean and can rapidly alter the flow field. Present understanding of the circulation is largely based on subsurface measurements, but the response of near-surface currents to the slowly-varying secular pressure gradient and rapidly-varying local winds has not been addressed. I analyzed surface current data, extending more ~150 km offshore in the northeastern Chukchi Sea, collected from shore-based high-frequency radar systems (HFR) during the open water season. I find three wind-induced circulation regimes. Two of …

Baseline Data Of Bird Populations In The Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve, Mexico: A Citizen Science Approach, Teresa S. Anderson

Natural Resources

This project tested the viability of converting a local environmental education group, "Eco Chavos" into a team of citizen scientists. In rural biosphere reserves in Mexico, with few resources and large resident populations, community-based biological inventory and monitoring has the potential to increase the impact of Mexican biosphere reserves by generating scientific information and engaging local residents in hands-on environmental education. To test this, I formed a citizen science birding group and trained them in bird identification, survey techniques, data collection, and data management. The project began in January 2016 and in December 2016 I stopped mentoring the program and …

Analysis Of A Newly Digitized Long-Term Dataset Of Environmental Observations From Long Island Sound, Jacob Snyder

Master's Theses

Project Oceanology, a non-profit oceanographic educational organization has been collecting data including pH, oxygen, and temperature conditions as well as abundances of benthic invertebrates and near-shore fish catches since 1972 from Eastern Long Island Sound. These data had been stored solely on single-copy paper sheets and were therefore inaccessible to analysis. I digitized more than 100,000 abiotic measurements and 50,000 species abundance and size data collected over the past 45 years, and developed a web-based SQL database housed on the Long Island Sound Integrated Coastal Observing System (LISICOS) server. The database will ultimately become a searchable, downloadable, user-friendly web-based tool …

Phylogeography And Molecular Phylogenetics Of The Hoary Marmot (Marmota Caligata), Nicholas John Kerhoulas

Biological Sciences

In this dissertation I documented the phylogeographic history of the Hoary Marmot (Marmota caligata) and its phylogenetic relationships with the Vancouver Island (M. vancouverensis) and Olympic (M. olympus) marmots. The Hoary Marmot is an iconic alpine mammal that is broadly distributed throughout the Pacific Northwest (PNW) from Washington and central Idaho in the south to Alaska in the north. Vancouver Island and Olympic marmots have much more restricted geographic distributions, occurring only on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) and the Olympic Peninsula (Washington, USA), respectively. In my first chapter I used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data to document the existence …

Following The Flâneur: The Methodological Possibilities And Applications Of Flânerie In New Urban Spaces, Jessica Rizk, Anton Birioukov

The Qualitative Report

This paper considers the historic concept of flânerie, the act of “strolling” through urban spaces, as an unconventional approach to gathering qualitative data. In adopting a flânerie identity, the researcher is able to critically analyze urban spaces and the relation of self to those spaces. Through a (re)conceptualization of the 19th century flâneur, we explicate the methodological possibilities and applications of flânerie, in particular, as suited to excavating new urban tropes, whilst giving expression to new urban subjectivities. The authors adopt a flânerie identity, engaging in a qualitative inquiry vis-à-vis two “strolls” occurring in Toronto, Canada. The strolls provide opportunities …

Active Normal Faults And Coupled Landscape Response: Bedrock Variability In The Southern Gulf Of Corinth, Central Greece, Jr Zondervan, Ac Whittaker, Re Bell, Se Watkins, Sas Brooke

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Fluvial erosion processes control landscape response to climatic and tectonic signals and its propagation into sedimentary basins. Considerable effort has gone into quantifying and modelling the effect of changes in uplift rates on fluvial erosion in bedrock rivers. However, current landscape models, based on stream power, tend to ignore the effects bedrock variability. The lack of available data relating rock strength to bedrock erodibility in fluvial settings has limited our ability to explore this question. Recent attempts at modelling to resolve this issue rely on indirect or theoretical rock strength properties. An alternative approach requires field measurements of rock strength …

Quantifying Fisher Responses To Environmental And Regulatory Dynamics In Marine Systems, Jordan T. Watson

Fisheries

Commercial fisheries are part of an inherently complicated cycle. As fishers have adopted new technologies and larger vessels to compete for resources, fisheries managers have adapted regulatory structures to sustain stocks and to mitigate unintended impacts of fishing (e.g., bycatch). Meanwhile, the ecosystems that are targeted by fishers are affected by a changing climate, which in turn forces fishers to further adapt, and subsequently, will require regulations to be updated. From the management side, one of the great limitations for understanding how changes in fishery environments or regulations impact fishers has been a lack of sufficient data for resolving their …

Spatial Transferability Assessment Of A Composite Walkability Index: The Pedestrian Index Of The Environment (Pie), Gabriel Lefebvre-Ropars, Catherine Morency, Patrick A. Singleton, Kelly J. Clifton

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper analyzes the transferability of a composite walkability index, the Pedestrian Index of the Environment (PIE), to the Greater Montréal Area (GMA). The PIE was developed in Portland, Oregon, and is based on proprietary data. It combines six urban form variables into a score ranging from 20 to 100. The measure introduces several methodological refinements which have not been applied concurrently in previous efforts: a wide coverage of the different dimensions of the urban form, together with the use of a distance-based decay function and modelling-based weighing of the variables.

Arctic Landscape Dynamics: Modern Processes And Pleistocene Legacies, Louise M. Farquharson

Geosciences

The Arctic Cryosphere (AC) is sensitive to rapid climate changes. The response of glaciers, sea ice, and permafrost-influenced landscapes to warming is complicated by polar amplification of global climate change which is caused by the presence of thresholds in the physics of energy exchange occurring around the freezing point of water. To better understand how the AC has and will respond to warming climate, we need to understand landscape processes that are operating and interacting across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This dissertation presents three studies from Arctic Alaska that use a combination of field surveys, sedimentology, …

2017 Fall - Commencement Program, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

ETSU Commencement Ceremonies and Programs

No abstract provided.

"Philfog": Celts, Theorists, And Other "Others", Kristen Mills

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

Constructing Prejudice In The Middle Ages And The Repercussions Of Racism Today, Nahir Otano Gracia, Daniel Armenti

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

Enhanced Recent Local Moisture Recycling On The Northwestern Tibetan Plateau Deduced From Ice Core Deuterium Excess Records, Wenling An, Shugui Hou, Qiong Zhang, Wangbin Zhang, Shuang-Ye Wu, Hao Xu, Hongxi Pang, Yetang Wang, Yaping Liu

Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

Local moisture recycling plays an essential role in maintaining an active hydrological cycle of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Previous studies were largely limited to the seasonal time scale due to short and sparse observations, especially for the northwestern TP. In this study, we used a two‐component mixing model to estimate local moisture recycling over the past decades from the deuterium excess records of two ice cores (i.e., Chongce and Zangser Kangri) from the northwestern TP. The results show that on average almost half of the precipitation on the northwestern TP is provided by local moisture recycling. In addition, the local …

Of Rats And Men, Thomas S. Walsh

Capstones

This capstone is a data-driven investigation into New York City's rat problem. By using publicly available government data to map rat activity in NYC, I identified several socio-economic variables that correlate with rat populations at the community district, borough, and city-scale. I used these findings (mainly that rat problems are linked to lower incomes) as the basis of an investigation, which includes interviews with residents, experts, and city officials. Prof. Bobby Corrigan, urban rodentologist and formerly with the NYC Department of Health criticizes the city's efforts for the first time on the record.

https://thomasseiyawalsh.wixsite.com/ratstone

Structural Analysis Of The Northwest Wind Mountain Quadrangle, New Mexico: Proterozoic Shearing To Cenozoic Brittle Faulting In The Burro Mountains, Jensen Kohl Angelloz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Preliminary investigation of the Bullard Peak metamorphic series (BPMS) in the northwestern Wind Mountain quadrangle within the Burro Mountains of southwestern New Mexico suggests a possible previously unidentified shear zone, prompting detailed (1:12,000) geologic mapping and collection of structural data. The study area has a complex tectonic history, including 1) ~1.65 Ga metamorphism during accretion of the Mazatzal terrane to Laurentia’s southern margin; 2) ~1.4 Ga intrusion of Granite and Rhyolite Province granitoids; 3) significant uplift during the formation of the Ancestral Rockies (~300 Ma) and the Rocky Mountains (~70-50 Ma); and 4) inversion tectonics with reactivation of compressional faults …

Illinois State University, One Hundred And Fifty-Eighth Annual Commencement, December 16, 2017, Illinois State University

Commencement Programs

Illinois State University
One Hundred and Fifty-Eighth Annual Commencement
December 16, 2017

Wonder, Walking, And Water, Rachel Mayeri

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

Art and Science is a seminar and studio course on science-inspired art practices. We will survey and discuss cutting-edge art-science theory, practice, and institutions in seminar. In studio, we examine art-science topics in hands-on experiments, and guided activities leading to art projects.