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2016

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The Impact Of Rrna And Trna Synthesis On Chromatin Structure And Cell Fate, Jessica Makofske Woolnough Jan 2016

The Impact Of Rrna And Trna Synthesis On Chromatin Structure And Cell Fate, Jessica Makofske Woolnough

All ETDs from UAB

The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the process by which genetic material is faithfully converted into functional molecules across all domains of life. Originally, RNA was solely understood as an intermediate in this process. However, mounting evidence over the past 50 years has made clear that RNA have diverse functional roles as a class of molecule termed non-coding RNA. Two of the first described non-coding RNA have essential roles within the Central Dogma, itself: ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). These two non-coding RNA are highly abundant, collectively accounting for up to 90% of the total transcript in …

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Retention Of Cad/Cam Crowns Luted With A Novel Biomimetic Cement, Nan Xiang Jan 2016

Retention Of Cad/Cam Crowns Luted With A Novel Biomimetic Cement, Nan Xiang

All ETDs from UAB

Objectives: To measure the tensile strength of e.max copings cemented with resin, calcium silicate and calcium phosphate cements following thermocycling. Methods: 40 extracted non-carious mandibular premolar teeth were examined and selected using Keyence microscope for no carious cracks etc.were mounted in acrylic. The teeth were placed in a lathe and prepared to uniform dimensions (22° total taper) using a flat-end tapered diamond bur (846.11.025HP, Brasseler) and a 3mm preparation height. The surface area of the prepared surface was calculated with digital microscopy. The teeth were scanned with a Cerec 3 (Sirona) digital scanner. E.max crowns were milled using Cerec 3 …

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Trustworthy And Efficient Digital Forensics In The Cloud, D M Shams Zawoad Jan 2016

Trustworthy And Efficient Digital Forensics In The Cloud, D M Shams Zawoad

All ETDs from UAB

The rise of cloud computing has changed the way of using computing services and resources. However, the black-box nature of clouds and the multi-tenant cloud models have brought new security risks, especially in terms of digital forensics. Current cloud computing architectures often lack support for digital forensic investigations since many of the assumptions that are valid for traditional computing environment are invalid in clouds. Current digital forensics tools and procedures rely on the physical access to the evidence. In clouds, computing and storage resources are no longer local and these resources are also shared between multiple cloud users. Hence, even …

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Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gasses At High Magnetic Fields, Jeremy Alan Curtis Jan 2016

Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gasses At High Magnetic Fields, Jeremy Alan Curtis

All ETDs from UAB

This dissertation covers two projects that were in the logical path to studying decoherence in a high mobility GaAs two–dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields. The first project is the ultrafast non–degenerate pump–probe spectroscopic study of bulk GaAs in the Split Florida Helix at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University. This project was undertaken as a proof of concept that ultrafast optics could be done in the Split Florida Helix so that we might study a high mobility two dimensional electron gas using THz time–domain spectroscopy at high magnetic fields, which is a much more …

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Stress Analysis Of Transmission Line Steel Pole Joints, Austin Abiodun Dada Jan 2016

Stress Analysis Of Transmission Line Steel Pole Joints, Austin Abiodun Dada

All ETDs from UAB

fractures. However, young women in the United States do not consume adequate

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Modeling And Analysis Of Systems Using The Least Action Principle In Information Theory, Serkan Guldal Jan 2016

Modeling And Analysis Of Systems Using The Least Action Principle In Information Theory, Serkan Guldal

All ETDs from UAB

The Least Action Principle (LAP) is widely applied to search for solutions to problems of classical mechanics. It claims that if an infinitesimal change does not affect the action of a system, that action would be the least action. In classical mechanics, if a particle moves from point A to point B, it will search for the path that requires the least energy consumption. Modeling physical phenomena utilizing LAP helps to predict an equation of motion and this principle is applicable for all known systems. In this dissertation, we use the maximum independent set from graph theory as a guiding …

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White Matter Abnormalities In Patients With Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures, Seongtaek Lee Jan 2016

White Matter Abnormalities In Patients With Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures, Seongtaek Lee

All ETDs from UAB

The aim of the present study was to investigate white matter diffusion abnormalities using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). The total subjects consisted of 16 patients with a definite diagnosis of PNES and 16 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). The diagnosis of PNES was confirmed by inpatient video/EEG monitoring; patients with epileptic seizures, additional types of seizures of unknown etiology, or who had an abnormal EEG indicating possible comorbid epilepsy were excluded. Also, HCs had no known history of comorbid neurological or psychiatric disorders. Whole brain fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) …

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Leukemia Stem Cell Markers And Inv(16) In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Jason Legrand Jan 2016

Leukemia Stem Cell Markers And Inv(16) In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Jason Legrand

All ETDs from UAB

Although greater than 85% of inv(16) acute myeloid leukemia patients are able to achieve first complete remission after anthracycline- and cytarabine-based therapy, only about 60% of patients survive the disease long-term due to relapsed disease or treatment-related mortality. Multiple studies have shown that acute myeloid leukemia is composed of heterogeneous populations of leukemic clones that can exhibit a wide degree of genetic, epigenetic, and functional diversity, accounting for different outcomes in response to therapy. Genomic analysis of leukemic clones in paired diagnostic and relapse samples of acute myeloid leukemia has shown that all relapses stem from surviving leukemic or ancestral …

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Writing Centers Across The Curriculum: Reimagining Writing Centers Through Writing Across The Curriculum And Human Resource Management, Adele Leon Jan 2016

Writing Centers Across The Curriculum: Reimagining Writing Centers Through Writing Across The Curriculum And Human Resource Management, Adele Leon

All ETDs from UAB

Current research in Writing across the Curriculum theory and writing center assessment shows concerns for students being able to connect their writing to their disciplines. However, little is being said about connecting writing centers to WAC programs, and less is being said about having writing centers take on the role of a WAC program. This thesis addresses the possibility of the latter, and creating a Writing Centers Across the Curriculum program to better help students across the disciplines connect their writing to their majors. In the creation of a WCAC program, a strong focus on training writing center tutors through …

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Laboratory-Scale Investigations Of Low-Permeability Porous Media By Analysis Of Transient Pressure Measurements, Michael Joseph Hannon Jan 2016

Laboratory-Scale Investigations Of Low-Permeability Porous Media By Analysis Of Transient Pressure Measurements, Michael Joseph Hannon

All ETDs from UAB

To provide a greater understanding of critical parameters of ultra-tight geologic formations such as shales, this report considers alternative approaches to the laboratory-scale pressure-pulse-decay permeametry method. These include new analytical models with which to analyze data from the principal rapid pulse-decay variants used in professional laboratories today. Novel revisions to the pulse-decay method are suggested and compared, in theory, against existing technologies. A new experimental procedure for the assessment of whole-core cylindrical samples is proposed that simultaneously determines the porosity and apparent permeabilities parallel and perpendicular to the native bedding plane from a single test on a single cylindrical core …

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High-Intensity Interval Training With Energy Restriction Preserves Lean Tissue And Improves Glucose Tolerance In Obesity, Rachel Ann Harley Jan 2016

High-Intensity Interval Training With Energy Restriction Preserves Lean Tissue And Improves Glucose Tolerance In Obesity, Rachel Ann Harley

All ETDs from UAB

Calorie restriction (CR) reduces body weight (BW) and adiposity, but is often less than expected due to hypometabolism produced by reductions in lean body mass (LBM). A comparable energy deficit created by combining CR and exercise energy expenditure (EE) has been shown to attenuate the reduction in EE produced by CR. Continuous moderate-intensity training (MIT) is commonly used to sustain energy balance or expedite weight loss, but high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may produce greater results. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if HIIT preserves LBM and improves energy metabolism to a greater extent than MIT in the presence …

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Exploring The /Role Of The Principal In Creating A Culture Of High Academic Optimism: A Sequential Quan --> Qual Mixed Methods Study, William A. Harper Jan 2016

Exploring The /Role Of The Principal In Creating A Culture Of High Academic Optimism: A Sequential Quan --> Qual Mixed Methods Study, William A. Harper

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Principals are held accountable for the academic achievement of their students. This study addressed renewed interest in how principals can improve student achievement (SA) by improving the culture of their schools. Previous research demonstrated a positive relationship between the construct of academic optimism (AO) and SA. The purpose of this mixed methods sequential Quan  Qual research study was to understand how principals in Alabama middle schools create a culture of AO that fosters high SA. In the quantitative phase 218 Alabama schools with Grade 8 were stratified into high and low categories of SA based on the percentage …

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Toward A Scalable, Transactional, Fault-Tolerant Message Passing Interface For Petascale And Exascale Machines, Amin Hassani Jan 2016

Toward A Scalable, Transactional, Fault-Tolerant Message Passing Interface For Petascale And Exascale Machines, Amin Hassani

All ETDs from UAB

was needed to increase calcium and vitamin D intake and positively change osteoporosis

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Unsynchronized Scanning With A Low-Cost Laser Range Finder For Real-Time Range Imaging, Isa Hatipoglu Jan 2016

Unsynchronized Scanning With A Low-Cost Laser Range Finder For Real-Time Range Imaging, Isa Hatipoglu

All ETDs from UAB

Range imaging plays an essential role in many fields: 3D modeling, robotics, heritage, agriculture, forestry, reverse engineering. One of the most popular range-measuring technologies is laser scanner due to its several advantages: longer range, highly precise and real-time measurement capabilities, no lighting condition dependency, and less computational power requirement. However, laser scanners are very costly. Their high cost limit their usage in applications with low-cost limitation, especially for static environments like heritage sites. In this work, we present an unsynchronized scanning with a low-cost laser range finders (LRFs) to decrease scanning period and reduce vibrations caused by “scan-stop” in synchronized …

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Changes In Quality Of Life Following Substance Use Disorder Treatment For Mentally Ill Homeless Individuals, Lauren Hayes Jan 2016

Changes In Quality Of Life Following Substance Use Disorder Treatment For Mentally Ill Homeless Individuals, Lauren Hayes

All ETDs from UAB

Quality of life (QOL) is a treatment outcome for substance use disorders that has largely been overlooked. Research suggests QOL is poor among persons with substance use disorders, even following treatment, but is unclear if this is primarily attributable to substance abuse itself or other life areas. Some evidence suggests other factors are responsible for low QOL, such as psychiatric distress. This paper examined QOL, its changes following treatment, and its contributors in two substance use disorder treatment studies (Homeless IV and EARTH) among persons who are homeless with co-occurring disorders. The purpose was to evaluate whether psychiatric distress should …

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Three-Dimensional Age-Related Changes Of The Adult Male Face, Catherine Haynie Haynie Jan 2016

Three-Dimensional Age-Related Changes Of The Adult Male Face, Catherine Haynie Haynie

All ETDs from UAB

Objectives: The adult population is a fast growing subgroup of orthodontic practices. The facial soft tissues of adults are different from adolescents, and there is significant sexual dimorphism in the aging of facial soft tissue. It is imperative for the orthodontist to understand how aging effects the soft tissues of the face, and to know how male and females differ in this process. The objectives of this study include: 1.) Identification of trends in facial aging among a Caucasian male and African American male sample utilizing three-dimensional surface imaging technology. 2.) Comparison of the aging effects between the Caucasian and …

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Genetic Enhancer Screen With Transition Zone Mutant Nphp-4 Reveals Novel Interactions With Mutation Affecting Intraflagellar Transport And Endocytic Pathways, Scott Henke Jan 2016

Genetic Enhancer Screen With Transition Zone Mutant Nphp-4 Reveals Novel Interactions With Mutation Affecting Intraflagellar Transport And Endocytic Pathways, Scott Henke

All ETDs from UAB

to suggest an association between log(CRP) and smoking, controlling for WC and race.

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The Cost Of Home Rule: An Alabama Case Study, Mary Elizabeth Hendrix Jan 2016

The Cost Of Home Rule: An Alabama Case Study, Mary Elizabeth Hendrix

All ETDs from UAB

increase calcium and vitamin D consumption in young women is needed.

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Examining The Relationship Between Surgical Profiles And Financial Performance Of Hospitals, Lucas Higman Jan 2016

Examining The Relationship Between Surgical Profiles And Financial Performance Of Hospitals, Lucas Higman

All ETDs from UAB

Hospitals operate in turbulent and complex environments with limited resources. Consequently, administrators need to understand how to best use resources and improve a hospital’s positioning in a market. Surgical services is a key operational activity for hospitals, thus, a better understanding of how these services are organized by hospitals likely has important implications for a hospital’s performance and potentially survival. Given the potential importance of surgical services to hospitals, the purpose of this study was three-fold. First, the study identified different surgical profiles of hospitals based on the type and volume of surgical services provided by hospitals. Second, the study …

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Andy Loves Richard: The Revelations Of Vote Mcgovern (1972), Amelia Hobson Jan 2016

Andy Loves Richard: The Revelations Of Vote Mcgovern (1972), Amelia Hobson

All ETDs from UAB

In 1972, Pop artist Andy Warhol was asked by the Democratic National Convention to design a poster for the campaign of George McGovern in his race against presidential incumbent Richard Nixon. The final print was produced in an edition of 250 prints and sold at auction with the proceeds donated to McGovern’s campaign. The work commands almost immediate attention as it depicts not George McGovern, as might be expected, but his opponent President Richard Nixon. Nixon’s head consumes the greater portion of the print and looms over the scrawled text, “VOTE MCGOVERN.” Nixon’s eyes are yellow and his face green …

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The Use Of An Open-Label Placebo To Treat Cancer-Related Fatigue In Cancer Survivors, Theresa Walker Hoenemeyer Jan 2016

The Use Of An Open-Label Placebo To Treat Cancer-Related Fatigue In Cancer Survivors, Theresa Walker Hoenemeyer

All ETDs from UAB

Background: A placebo is an inert substance (e.g., sugar pill) or procedure (e.g., sham surgery) that should confer no beneficial effects. Nonetheless, typically, 30-50% of those randomized to placebos report significant benefits. New studies indicate that the use of disclosed or open-label placebos reduces self-reported symptoms among patients with irritable bowel syndrome, migraine attacks, and major depression. Methods: The investigator conducted a 7-week pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and effects of an open-labeled administration of placebo pills on patient-reported clinical and psychosocial outcomes among cancer survivors seeking relief from cancer-related fatigue. The specific aims of this study were to: …

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Astrocyte Morphology And Cell Number In Rett Syndrome, Kenneth Taylor Holt Jan 2016

Astrocyte Morphology And Cell Number In Rett Syndrome, Kenneth Taylor Holt

All ETDs from UAB

Rett Syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the transcriptional regulator methyl CPG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene that affects 1 in 10,000 female live births annually. RTT patients experience seemingly normal development for the first 12-18 months of life; this period of normal development is followed by developmental regression. The symptoms of Rett syndrome include severe cognitive deficits, seizures, loss of ambulation and gross motor skills, breathing abnormalities, hand stereotopies and gastrointestinal dysmotility. The basic science research for this disorder has focused almost exclusively on neuronal mechanisms, leaving limited understating of the role of …

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The Effect Of Proinflammatory Cytokines On Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein In Pancreatic Beta-Cells, Kyunghee Hong Jan 2016

The Effect Of Proinflammatory Cytokines On Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein In Pancreatic Beta-Cells, Kyunghee Hong

All ETDs from UAB

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin (IL)-1β, Tumor necrosis factors (TNF) α, and Interferon (IFN)γ, have been implicated as critical mediators of β-cell destruction in diabetes. In addition, although a combination of these three cytokines has been used to mimic the inflammatory conditions of type 1 diabetes in vitro, the mechanisms underlying the effect are not fully understood. Previously, we discovered Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) as a key regulator of glucotoxicity-induced β-cell apoptosis and β-cell dysfunction, while deletion of TXNIP prevented type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the regulation of TXNIP have not …

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A Framework For Collaborative Knowledge Management: Using Distributed Mentoring, Ramaraju Rudraraju Jan 2016

A Framework For Collaborative Knowledge Management: Using Distributed Mentoring, Ramaraju Rudraraju

All ETDs from UAB

Knowledge management consists of four key processes, generation, distribution, storage, and application. Today, with the simultaneous growth of World Wide Web and usage of computing devices, including smart phones, tablets, and laptops, knowledge is also being generated and modified by knowledge-contributors, labeled mentors. Output of this process makes its way into various sources, such as wikis, blogs, and Question- and-answer websites. New storage technologies are continuously being evolved in order to efficiently handle huge volumes of this kind of unstructured data. However, distribu-tion of knowledge to knowledge-consumers, labeled mentees, has not been evolved to keep up with the exponential growth …

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Race Effects Of Perceived Weight Status And Its Relationship With Unmet Health Care Need, Sarah B. Rutland Jan 2016

Race Effects Of Perceived Weight Status And Its Relationship With Unmet Health Care Need, Sarah B. Rutland

All ETDs from UAB

This study (n=9,630) evaluates the influence of race on the relationship between perceived weight status (PWS) and obtaining health care when a respondent thought care was needed (unmet need) among young adults (age 24-34) using Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Using the framework of fundamental cause, I assume that health disparities between groups is due to unequal distribution of resources between those groups that enables a group with more resources, such as wealth or race privilege, to access and support better health outcomes. I focus on race, and specifically racism, as a resource …

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Sustainable Construction With Green Compressed Earth Block (Gceb), Marwan Mostafa Jan 2016

Sustainable Construction With Green Compressed Earth Block (Gceb), Marwan Mostafa

All ETDs from UAB

orthogonal predictors.

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Homotopical Complexity Of Several Billiard Models, Caleb Charles Moxley Jan 2016

Homotopical Complexity Of Several Billiard Models, Caleb Charles Moxley

All ETDs from UAB

In this dissertation, we include three mostly self-contained papers which each describe the homotopical rotation set of a billiard flow on a three-dimensional flat torus. Each model is discussed in detail, radial estimates are computed for the homotopical rotation sets, and topological entropy is computed using various methods. We also provide proofs of some characteristics of the so-called admissible rotation sets.

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Exploring The Lived Experience Of Young African American Breast Cancer Survivorship To Inform The Adaptation Of A Psychoeducational Intervention: Y-Ambient, Timiya S. Nolan Jan 2016

Exploring The Lived Experience Of Young African American Breast Cancer Survivorship To Inform The Adaptation Of A Psychoeducational Intervention: Y-Ambient, Timiya S. Nolan

All ETDs from UAB

In the United States, 26,393 young women (≤ 45 years) will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2016. Though survival rates are improving, there are health disparities among young African American women when compared to young Caucasians (e.g., poorer quality of life). Despite recommendations to provide targeted evidence-based survivorship care, there are about 23,000 young African American breast cancer survivors (YAABCS) in Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi for whom this care does not exist. Few studies have examined survivorship experiences and/or tested intervention efficacy among this group. Further study is warranted to understand the experiences of YAABCS and adapt targeted interventions …

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Does Installing Artificial Turf Create A Honeymoon Effect For College Football Teams?, Ashley E. Birchmeier Jan 2016

Does Installing Artificial Turf Create A Honeymoon Effect For College Football Teams?, Ashley E. Birchmeier

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Most research conducted related to the honeymoon effect and attendance focused on Major League Baseball and stadium renovation. This study however, examined the connection between attendance and installation of artificial turf at the collegiate level. Seven Division I Football Bowl Subdivision Universities in Ohio have installed artificial turf and hosted home games for at least four full seasons. Cincinnati and Miami (Ohio) fit the honeymoon theory, reaching maximum attendance numbers in year two and leveling out by year four.

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Student-Athlete Undergraduate Degree And Career Alignment, Courtney C. Cox Jan 2016

Student-Athlete Undergraduate Degree And Career Alignment, Courtney C. Cox

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Little research has been done on student-athletes after graduation. The question driving this study was do athletes use their degree after graduation in lieu of academic clustering, fraud, emphasis on winning and athletic identity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not student-athletes undergraduate degree and career alignment was greater, less, or similar to the average collegiate body. Data was collected from 65 former male student-athletes from a Midwest Division I Mid-Major University over the 2009 through 2015 athletic seasons. Two sports were evaluated, Football (n= 54) and Men’s Basketball (n= 14). Degree fields were determined by …

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