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2016

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Biogas From Slaughterhouse Waste In Ireland: Assessment Of Potential Energy Recovery Pathways, Aidan Ware Jan 2016

Biogas From Slaughterhouse Waste In Ireland: Assessment Of Potential Energy Recovery Pathways, Aidan Ware

Theses

This study was undertaken to investigate the potential energy recovery from the anaerobic digestion (AD) of slaughterhouse wastes in Ireland. The research was approached in two ways; laboratory scale evaluation of methane production of the industrial waste streams from cattle, pig and chicken slaughtering facilities and a life cycle assessment (LCA) and energy balance to assess the potential utilisation pathways. This thesis includes; the evaluation of the potential biogas production from individual and combined slaughterhouse waste streams in Ireland on an equal footing through standardised laboratory testing, the effects of mandatory pre-treatments on the AD of slaughterhouse waste streams and …

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A Plastic Encapsulated Wireless Sensor Module For Monitoring Of Medical Steam Sterilisers, Jinto George Jan 2016

A Plastic Encapsulated Wireless Sensor Module For Monitoring Of Medical Steam Sterilisers, Jinto George

Theses

Steam sterilisation is a process of removing or killing living organisms from medical equipment using saturated steam in a steriliser at 134°C and 3 bar pressure. Monitoring of the steriliser is very important to verify whether the sterilisation cycle is adequate or not. In current practice, hospitals widely use chemical or biological indicators for monitoring the performance of the sterilisation cycle but these are simple pass/fail monitors and do not allow continuous monitoring. This thesis presents design and development of a real time wireless sensing module (WSM) for monitoring the sterilisation cycle which can be used to replace existing chemical …

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Estudio Etnozoológico Kichwa De La Nutria Gigante Pteronura Brasiliensis (Zimmerman, 1780) En La Baja Amazonía Central Del Ecuador, Iván Jácome-Negrete Jan 2016

Estudio Etnozoológico Kichwa De La Nutria Gigante Pteronura Brasiliensis (Zimmerman, 1780) En La Baja Amazonía Central Del Ecuador, Iván Jácome-Negrete

Neotropical Biodiversity

The giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis is the largest mustelid of Neotropical riparian and lacustrine environments. It is endangered throughout the Amazon basin, and in Ecuador is critically endangered because of intensive hunting in past decades, especially in the northeast of the country. Very little is known about their status in the central Amazon region of Ecuador, but it is presumed the existence of more stable populations than those of the northeast remnant populations. The territory of the Pastaza province covers a major portion of the central Amazon and is still well preserved because it is the birthplace of various indigenous …

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Ocelot (Leopardus Pardalis) Density In Eastern Ecuador Based On Capture–Recapture Analyses Of Camera Trap Data, Diego Mosquera, John G. Blake, Kelly Swing, David Romo Jan 2016

Ocelot (Leopardus Pardalis) Density In Eastern Ecuador Based On Capture–Recapture Analyses Of Camera Trap Data, Diego Mosquera, John G. Blake, Kelly Swing, David Romo

Neotropical Biodiversity

The ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) is one of the most widespread neotropical felids but data on its distribution and population status in several countries are scarce. Here, we present estimates of density for lowland forest of eastern Ecuador. We used camera trap data and capture–recapture analyses to estimate ocelot density within a local area (~650 ha) within Yasuní Biosphere Reserve, recognized as a globally important area for biodiversity conservation. We estimated densities for dry and wet seasons (~2200 trap days total) using CAPTURE and both half and full values of the mean maximum distance moved (MMDM), as recommended for estimating densities. …

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Nocturnal Flowering And Pollination Of A Rare Caribbean Sage, Salvia Arborescens (Lamiaceae), Martin Reith, Scott Zona Jan 2016

Nocturnal Flowering And Pollination Of A Rare Caribbean Sage, Salvia Arborescens (Lamiaceae), Martin Reith, Scott Zona

Neotropical Biodiversity

The phenology, floral biology and pollination ecology of Salvia arborescens Urb. & Ekman (Lamiaceae) are reported, based on field and garden observations. The flowers of S. arborescens are white, fragrant and rich in nectar. Anthesis begins in the late afternoon, and flowers wilt by late morning of the following day. Floral features fit the moth pollination syndrome. S. arborescens flowers are visited by a variety of nocturnal moths in the wild, including Celiptera levinum (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Erebidae), which was observed carrying pollen of this Salvia. This is the first report of a night-blooming, moth-pollinated Salvia. Hummingbirds, butterflies and beetles may …

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Macrophytes And Metaphyton As Habitats For Insects In Temporary And Permanent Tropical Aquatic Ecosystems, Julio Díaz-Valenzuela, Rafael Barva-Alvarez, Angel Merlo-Galiazzi, Luis Zambrano Jan 2016

Macrophytes And Metaphyton As Habitats For Insects In Temporary And Permanent Tropical Aquatic Ecosystems, Julio Díaz-Valenzuela, Rafael Barva-Alvarez, Angel Merlo-Galiazzi, Luis Zambrano

Neotropical Biodiversity

Insect community structures in tropical regions appear to be related to the hydrological regime and energy paths trough autochthonous and allochthones sources. Macrophyte and metaphyton permanent coverage throughout the year generate conditions and resources, such as food and refuge, allowing the establishment of a large number of aquatic insect species. The hydrological regime is based on rain seasonality and has a direct influence on insect lifecycles. We evaluated insect community structures in five systems with differences in macrophyte/metaphyton coverage and hydrological regimes (two temporary wetlands and three permanent cenotes) in the Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve in southeast Mexico. The insect …

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Effects Of Climate Change On Andean Biodiversity: A Synthesis Of Studies Published Until 2015, Selene Báez, Liliana Jaramillo, Francisco Cuesta, David A. Donoso Jan 2016

Effects Of Climate Change On Andean Biodiversity: A Synthesis Of Studies Published Until 2015, Selene Báez, Liliana Jaramillo, Francisco Cuesta, David A. Donoso

Neotropical Biodiversity

Understanding how GCC is affecting the biological diversity of the Andes is of utmost importance and timeliness given the relevance of the region for biological conservation. Our research questions were (1) what is the spatial (country-level) and temporal distribution of the scientific research exploring links between GCC and biodiversity in the Andean region? (2) What are the methodological approximations, areas of research and subjects of study most commonly considered? And (3) What are the trends in biodiversity responses most commonly found under different GCC stressors? We found that the first paper on GCC and biodiversity in the Andes was published …

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Recent Advances In Optical Spectroscopic And Imaging Methods For Medicine And Biology, Yu Shang, Zhiyu Qian, Rickson C. Mesquita, Mathieu Dehaes Jan 2016

Recent Advances In Optical Spectroscopic And Imaging Methods For Medicine And Biology, Yu Shang, Zhiyu Qian, Rickson C. Mesquita, Mathieu Dehaes

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Organismal Composition And Photosynthetic Traits Of Biological Soil Crusts In Prairie Ecosystems Of The Great Plains, Brendon C. Mccampbell Jan 2016

Organismal Composition And Photosynthetic Traits Of Biological Soil Crusts In Prairie Ecosystems Of The Great Plains, Brendon C. Mccampbell

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are soil-surface microecosystems composed of a close association of algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, lichens, and non-vascular plants with soil particles. BSCs have several ecological functions including carbon fixation, nitrogen fixation, nutrient relations, soil stabilization, water relations, and floral community development, which make them extremely important in many of the ecosystems where they occur. While BSCs have been studied throughout the American West, little work has been done in the Great Plains region where they are less prominent among the dominant vascular plant communities. This study examined organismal composition and photosynthetic traits of BSCs in four ecosystems within …

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Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher Jan 2016

Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In the first two years of undergraduate work in engineering, students are taught concepts such as physics, electronics, and most importantly calculus. It is especially important for students to get a better grasp on foundational math concepts, such as calculus in the beginning or they will be overwhelmed by the workload to come. The focus of this research was to understand how students learning calculus, could benefit from an augmented-educational mobile application. In the study students were measured with electroencephalography (EEG) measurements utilized by the Emotive EPOC® as they attempted to solve different limit themed problems in order to determine …

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Host Location And Host-Associated Divergence In Parasitoids Of The Gall Midge, Asteromyia Carbonifera, Jeffrey L. Howell Jan 2016

Host Location And Host-Associated Divergence In Parasitoids Of The Gall Midge, Asteromyia Carbonifera, Jeffrey L. Howell

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Some of the world's greatest mysteries are the series of ecological and behavioral processes that promote adaptive radiation: when one species rapidly diverges into multiple descendants due to ecological selective pressures. Selective pressures from natural enemies have the potential to drive such radiations, as has been suggested in the diversification of the goldenrod gall-midge, Asteromyia carbonifera (Stireman et al., 2008, 2012). This complex, multitrophic system involves the midge species complex, their goldenrod host plants (Solidago sp.), and a suite of parasitoid enemies in the diverse wasp superfamily, Chalcidoidea. There is evidence that the midge is undergoing host-associated differentiation (HAD), in …

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The Expression Of Major Histocompatibility Class I And Major Histocompatibility Class Ii On Macrophages In The Presence Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Antagonist (Ch-223191), Caitlin Wilson Jan 2016

The Expression Of Major Histocompatibility Class I And Major Histocompatibility Class Ii On Macrophages In The Presence Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Antagonist (Ch-223191), Caitlin Wilson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Macrophages are crucial for ridding the body of debris and foreign cells. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) also plays a critical role in immunity. This study examined the effect of the AhR on the expression of major histocompatiability complex class I (MHCI) and MHC class II (MHCII) in two murine macrophage cell lines. This study used Raw264.7 and J774A.1 murine macrophage cell lines. The Raw264.7 cells are from male BALB/c mice while the J774A.1 cells are from female BALB/cN mice. The addition of the AhR anatagonist CH-223191 (AhRa) showed that the AhR does not significantly impact MHCI expression. However, MHCII …

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Extension Of Multivariate Analyses To The Field Of Microbial Ecology, Vijay Shankar Jan 2016

Extension Of Multivariate Analyses To The Field Of Microbial Ecology, Vijay Shankar

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Ground-breaking advancements in molecular and analytical techniques in the past decade have enabled researchers to accumulate data at an extraordinary rate. Especially in the field of microbial ecology, the introduction of technologies such as high-throughput sequencing, quantitative microarrays, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry has led to the interrogation of diverse and previously unexplored microbial communities at unparalleled depth. Analysis and interpretation of patterns within datasets acquired with such high-throughput methods require powerful statistical approaches. A class of such techniques called multivariate statistical analyses is an excellent choice for analysis of complex microbiota-related datasets. This field of statistics is constantly …

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Addressing The Retirement Crisis With Shadow 401(K)S Essay, Deepa Das Acevedo Jan 2016

Addressing The Retirement Crisis With Shadow 401(K)S Essay, Deepa Das Acevedo

Essays, Reviews, and Shorter Works

No abstract provided.

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Linnaean Taxonomy And Globalized Law 2017 Survey Of Books Related To The Law: Reviews, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr. Jan 2016

Linnaean Taxonomy And Globalized Law 2017 Survey Of Books Related To The Law: Reviews, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.

Essays, Reviews, and Shorter Works

No abstract provided.

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Altruism And Popularity, Eda Egilmez Jan 2016

Altruism And Popularity, Eda Egilmez

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Popularity, as a manifestation of social status, has been widely researched and appears to be determined by members of a social group. Individuals’ either aggressive or prosocial characteristics and environment lead them to one type of popularity. Prosocial behaviors are actions with intention of benefiting others or society as whole with little or no personal gain and may include helping, sharing, cooperating, donating, and other voluntary works. Altruism is a type of prosocial behavior that could affect individuals' popularity. Altruism has been studied in different disciplines with the general definition of cooperative behavior that has a cost to the actor …

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A Comparison Of Small Mammal Communities Among Three Habitats In Western North Dakota, Samantha R. Pounds Jan 2016

A Comparison Of Small Mammal Communities Among Three Habitats In Western North Dakota, Samantha R. Pounds

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

There is recent oil and natural gas development within western North Dakota, which makes it imperative to update outdated and incomplete small mammal records. Small mammals are vital components to many ecosystems, including grasslands. Small mammals contribute to grazing, seed dispersal, and provide food for other animals. I surveyed small mammals in three habitats, grassland, badland, and wet meadow, in the summers of 2014 and 2015 in western North Dakota. In 2014, I surveyed in 8 badland and 10 grassland habitats and in 2015 I surveyed in 1 badland, 13 grassland, and 4 wet meadow habitats, with 1 transect per …

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The Biotic Effects Of Tertiary Geoclimatic Change In The Southern Hemisphere, Stuart Val Nielsen Jan 2016

The Biotic Effects Of Tertiary Geoclimatic Change In The Southern Hemisphere, Stuart Val Nielsen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

I explore how pre-Quaternary geoclimatic phenomena and geographical heterogeneity influenced sub-continental speciation processes and contemporary biogeographic patterns across the Southern Hemisphere, with particular focus on two regions that have experienced elevated levels of ongoing aridification – sub-Saharan (particularly Southern) Africa and Australia. I used standard methods from the molecular phylogeneticists’ toolbox (e.g. tree building using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, haplotype networks, uncorrected p-distances) combined with environmental niche modeling, morphometric principal components and fossil calibrated molecular dating analyses in order to ascertain the role that Miocene geo-climatic events played in promoting lineage accumulation and diversification through time. I found a …

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Biophysical Characterization Of A Proline Mutant Of Neural Cadherin, Keshia S. Dykes Jan 2016

Biophysical Characterization Of A Proline Mutant Of Neural Cadherin, Keshia S. Dykes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cadherins are calcium dependent glycoproteins whose homophilic interactions mediate cell-cell adhesion in solid tissues. They are comprised of an extracellular region, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic region. The extracellular region plays a critical role in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion, and has five tandemly repeated ectodomains (ec1-ec5), with three calcium binding sites situated in each interface between the domains. Dimerization of cadherin occurs through formation of adhesive interactions between extracellular domains of cadherins from neighboring cells. Adhesive interaction occurs at the interfaces of ec1 domains of two molecules originating from different cell surfaces. Dimerization is critically dependent on the binding of …

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Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors And Risk Factors In African American And Caucasian Mother-Daughter Pairs, Mary Haskins Haskins Jan 2016

Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors And Risk Factors In African American And Caucasian Mother-Daughter Pairs, Mary Haskins Haskins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is expected that by 2030, elderly minorities will comprise 20.2 million of the total 72.8 million population of Americans over 65 years (pollard, 2013). For African American women over the age of 50, 5% have osteoporosis and an estimated 35% have low bone mass (nof, n.d.). It is estimated that while over 40% of African American women over 80 years meet criteria for treatment, yet less than 12% are actually treated (Cauley, 2011). Striking disparities exist between African American and Caucasian women's likelihood for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) referral, the measurement tool that is used to diagnosis osteoporosis. (Hamrick, …

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Between Species: Biopolitics, Resistance, And Interspeciesality, Temple Jo Gowan Jan 2016

Between Species: Biopolitics, Resistance, And Interspeciesality, Temple Jo Gowan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines three twentieth-century novels—Carson McCullers’s Reflections in a Golden Eye, Charles Johnson’s Oxherding Tale, and Ruth Ozeki’s My Year of Meats—in the context of posthumanist animal studies. A Foucauldian biopolitical lens foregrounds the inextricably linked ways that both human and nonhuman animal bodies are governed and controlled in a biopolitical era. Each chapter focuses on textual links between speciesism and the oppression of particular human groups based on gender, sexuality, and race, arguing that each novel offers new ways of thinking about both our own species, other animal species, and how humans relate to the nonhuman world.

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Seasonal Changes In Biomass Of Two Comfreshwater Wetland Plants: Storage Of Nutrients, Emily Kathryn Mccann Jan 2016

Seasonal Changes In Biomass Of Two Comfreshwater Wetland Plants: Storage Of Nutrients, Emily Kathryn Mccann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, I quantified differences in above- and belowground biomass and storage of nutrients. I hypothesized that storage of phosphorous would be greater in belowground biomass in the non-growing season compared to the growing. I also hypothesized that the storage of phosphorous would be greater in aboveground biomass in the growing season compared to the non-growing season. Furthermore, I hypothesized that the total amount of nutrients in plant tissue would be greater in the growing season, than the non-growing season. Typha latifolia and Carex lurida were placed in mesocosms at the University of Mississippi Field Station (UMFS) and dosed …

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A Day In Their Shoes: Lived Experiences Of Five Agricultural Education Teachers Working With English Learners, Julie A. Ketterling Jan 2016

A Day In Their Shoes: Lived Experiences Of Five Agricultural Education Teachers Working With English Learners, Julie A. Ketterling

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation took a phenomenological approach in order to take a deeper look into the experiences of five agricultural education teachers that taught English Learner (EL) students and factors that affected those experiences. Dunkin and Biddle’s (1973) Teacher Model provided the conceptual framework and underpinnings for the literature review. The study identified a pilot study teacher with EL experience and 4 agricultural education teachers that taught agricultural education at schools with at least a 15% EL student population. The interviews were semi-structured in nature and each was audiotaped and later transcribed. Each of the transcribed interviews was coded. Through a …

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Exploring Anthropological Monism For Pastoral Care Practice In A Local Church, Michael Robert Mcleod Jan 2016

Exploring Anthropological Monism For Pastoral Care Practice In A Local Church, Michael Robert Mcleod

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research project explored the viability and benefits of anthropological monism for pastoral care practice in a local church. Monism, as it relates to human nature, refers to humanity consisting solely of materiality or physicality from which emerge all capacities and functions of the human individual⎯feeling, thinking, relating, acting, or experiencing God, self, others, or the world in general. Biblically and theologically, anthropological monism can point to integration for holism to overcome life disruption and fragmentation due to sin. It can also highlight embodiment and refocus the church towards human physicality and the prominence of resurrection for end-of-life outcomes rather …

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The Roles Of Introduced Eucalyptus In The Conservation And Expansion Of Ethiopian Orthodox Church Forests In The Northern Ethiopian Highlands, Janice Liang Jan 2016

The Roles Of Introduced Eucalyptus In The Conservation And Expansion Of Ethiopian Orthodox Church Forests In The Northern Ethiopian Highlands, Janice Liang

Honors Theses

Species of the genus Eucalyptus (common name eucalyptus) are widely planted all across Ethiopia – including on large areas of land previously allocated to food production. In recent decades eucalyptus has also increasingly been planted on lands around and within “church forests,” sacred groves of old-aged Afromontane trees surrounding Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido churches. These revered holy sites have long been recognized for their cultural values and also for their ecosystem services – including their potential to support species conservation and restoration, as church forests are some of the only remaining sanctuaries for many of Ethiopia’s indigenous and endemic plant and …

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The Association Of Cognitive Distortions, Problems With Self-Concept, Gender, And Age In Adults Diagnosed With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Danielle R. O'Brien Jan 2016

The Association Of Cognitive Distortions, Problems With Self-Concept, Gender, And Age In Adults Diagnosed With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Danielle R. O'Brien

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurocognitive condition, which can cause a variety of functional impairments that can result in the development of negative self-perceptions. These maladaptive beliefs often lead to the development of maladaptive thoughts or cognitive distortions. Research suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficacious treatment for adults with ADHD. Yet data on the association between cognitive distortions in adult ADHD is limited, particularly, regarding self-concept. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact that cognitive distortions, problems with self-concept, gender and age have on symptoms of ADHD in a group of adults (N = …

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A Retrospective Comparison Of Adolescent Inpatients With Guardians Demonstrating Varied Levels Of Involvement In Treatment, Jacquelyn D'Amico Jan 2016

A Retrospective Comparison Of Adolescent Inpatients With Guardians Demonstrating Varied Levels Of Involvement In Treatment, Jacquelyn D'Amico

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This retrospective study investigated differences in engagement between adolescent inpatients aged 13 to 17 whose guardians were involved in their treatment to varying degrees. Specifically, this study examined differences between adolescents whose guardians were involved via in-person contact with staff versus communication with staff solely by telephone in percentage of groups attended, number of restraints, and number of prior hospitalizations. Additionally, unit privileges were examined qualitatively. Data were collected and analyzed from 51 charts at a Mid-Atlantic acute inpatient psychiatric facility. Hypotheses concerning guardian involvement were not supported. A significant relationship was found between number of restraints and percentage of …

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The Effects Of A Trauma-Informed Care Training Program On Mental Health Professionals Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudes With The Smi, Angelina Pelletier Jan 2016

The Effects Of A Trauma-Informed Care Training Program On Mental Health Professionals Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudes With The Smi, Angelina Pelletier

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Trauma has been found to be highly prevalent among individuals diagnosed with SMIs. Mental health professionals have been reported to misdiagnose or avoid addressing trauma in this population. There is a need to provide information about trauma and to foster awareness among mental health professionals who are treating individuals diagnosed with SMIs. With a TIC approach, operating from a recovery-oriented philosophy, there have been interventions created to address trauma and SMIs with the aim of developing awareness about trauma and the impact it may have on someone’s life. With these factors in mind, mental health professionals should be competent in …

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Neurologists’ Emotional Experiences In Caring For Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study, Ashley E.P. Hennessey Jan 2016

Neurologists’ Emotional Experiences In Caring For Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study, Ashley E.P. Hennessey

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, with a reported incidence of 2 in 100,000 people in Western countries, that has no known cure and results in death. The life expectancy for patients with ALS is approximately 3 years. This study utilized a qualitative research design to explore neurologists’ experiences in caring for patients with ALS and their families. A semistructured interview was conducted with 11 neuromuscular neurologists who treat patients with ALS. This study explored their perceived challenges of caring for patients with ALS and their caregivers, coping strategies for work-related stress, training …

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Dynamic Governance In Theory And Application, Part I, Robert L. Glicksman, David L. Markell Jan 2016

Dynamic Governance In Theory And Application, Part I, Robert L. Glicksman, David L. Markell

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This article is the first of two that grapple with a central policy challenge facing the administrative state: how to govern in times of dynamic change, when challenges, and opportunities to address them, are both shifting rapidly. The article suggests that, conceptually, process design that is likely to produce effective regulatory governance requires attention to three key distinct but interrelated variables – the actors who are or should be involved in program implementation in different capacities, the mechanisms (legal and otherwise) available to promote good governance, and the tools available to advance desired results. To demonstrate the value of the …

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