Digital Commons Network^™

Compensating The Wrongfully Convicted: A Proposal To Make Victims Of Wrongful Incarceration Whole Again, Alanna Trivelli

Law Student Publications

Part I of this comment presents a brief overview of the current state compensation systems for those who are wrongly imprisoned, including model legislation proposed by the Innocence Project and the current shortcomings of compensation statutes across the United States. Part II discusses the principles behind compensatory damages in tort law, and the foundation and reasoning for making a victim whole again. Varying forms of relief are also discussed. Part III applies these principles of tort law to the arena of wrongful convictions to show states have a responsibility to make victims of wrongful convictions whole again. Potential problems arising …

Seasonal Variation Of Fish And Macroinvertebrate Biomass Spectra In Southern West Virginia Streams, Andrew J. Kirk

Theses and Dissertations

The biomass size spectrum - the power-law scaling relationship between average individual size and total biomass - has often been studied in lake and marine ecosystems, but rarely in lotic systems. The objective of this study was to test for characteristic biomass spectra in small temperate streams. Seasonal fish and macroinvertebrate data, including population abundance and biomass estimates, were collected in three wadeable, southern West Virginia streams from October 2013 to May 2015. Fish abundances were estimated with 3-pass electrofishing (depletion) surveys and individuals were weighed in the field. Macroinvertebrates were collected with a Hess sampler and returned to the …

An Exploration Of Attachment, Trauma, And Treatment Outcome In A Cognative Behaviorable Therapy-Based Group Anger Management Program: A Multiple Case Study, Cynthia K. Swope

Dissertations

This study explored the relationship between trauma, attachment styles, and treatment outcomes among violent offenders attending a group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based anger management program. Using a mixed method, multiple case study design, the researcher examined the individual experiences of seven individuals court-mandated to attend a community-based anger management program. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to develop the participant narratives used in the qualitative analyses. Participant scores on the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Questionnaire, the Experience in Close Relationships (ECR-R) Questionnaire, and the Novaco Anger Scale (NAS) provided quantitative measures of trauma history, attachment style, and anger disposition. The results of …

Ninety-Two Years Of Tree Growth And Death In A Second-Growth Coast Redwood Forest, Benjamin Iberle

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Mature second-growth coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forests are an important and uncommon resource in the redwood region. Development of second-growth redwood forests beyond rotation age (~50 years) is not well understood. Continuous long-term data are especially lacking, considering that the maximum possible age of second-growth stands is now over 150 years. Two permanent observation plots in Arcata, CA, established in 1923 by Woodbridge Metcalf and last measured in 1990, provide a unique opportunity to examine the development of coast redwood forest regenerating after logging in ~1880. We surveyed the Metcalf plots using modern methods and assembled a complete …

Molt In Individuals: A Description Of Prealternate Molt Phenology In A Population Of Snowy Plovers In Humboldt County, California, Alexa Dejoannis

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Molt in birds is an essential physiological process. Intrinsic and extrinsic conditions, such as age, sex, location, or food stress, may cause individual variation in molt phenology. This study describes the timing of prealternate molt in western snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus nivosus) wintering in Humboldt County, California, USA. Between July 2014 and April 2015, I photographed uniquely marked plovers twice a month and assigned dates of initiation and completion. I modeled sex, age, hatch date, and breeding location as predictors of molt phenology. I observed prealternate molt from October to April, which is earlier than previously described. Males …

The Right To Regulate (Cooperatively), Alexia Brunet Marks

Publications

The growing number of new technologies in food production— such as nanotechnology, genetic modification, animal cloning, and irradiation—are garnering different regulatory responses around the world. Based on their threshold for tolerating risk, countries are asserting their national right to regulate at home using labeling, quarantine, and outright bans on foods. But domestic regulation has its limits in a free trade environment. Countries that are not mindful of treaty obligations could face legal liability, as seen in the recent litigation between Uruguay and Philip Morris International. In short, traditional models of international regulatory cooperation (IRC) are failing to provide countries with …

Pembangunan Modul Bioteknologi Bagi Mata Pelajaran Biologi Sekolah Menengah / Rashidah Begum Gelamdin, Gelamdin Rashidah Begum

Student Works (2010-2019)

Kajian ini bertujuan membangunkan Modul Bioteknologi bagi mata pelajaran Biologi sekolah menengah. Kajian pembangunan ini berasaskan Model Pengajaran Isman yang melibatkan fasa input, proses, output dan maklum balas serta Sembilan Langkah Pengajaran Gagne berkaitan dengan proses pengajaran. Dalam fasa input, analisis keperluan melibatkan sesi temu bual guru Biologi Tingkatan empat dan lima dan soal selidik kepada pelajar Tingkatan lima; penentuan tahap pengetahuan teknologi, pedagogi dan bioteknologi guru Biologi serta analisis kandungan sukatan pelajaran Biologi dari negara Indonesia, China (Hong Kong), Singapura dan Malaysia. Fasa proses melibatkan proses pembangunan Modul Bioteknologi melalui penggunaan dua pusingan satu Teknik Delphi Ubahsuaian. Fasa output …

Synthesis Of New 1,2,4-Triazole And 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives Derived From 2-Ethylsulfanyl Benzohydrazide And Evaluation Of Their Biological Activities / Nafal Nazar Bahjat, Bahjat Nafal Nazar

Student Works (2010-2019)

The new 1-acylthiosemicarbazides derivatives 3.3-3.7 were synthesised by the reaction of active intermediate 2-(ethylsulfanyl)benzohydrazide 3.2 with various aryl isothiocyanates. The cyclisation of thiosemicarbazide derivatives in a basic medium (aqueous NaOH, 4 N) yielded compounds 3.8-3.12, while another method was used to prepare 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione 3.13. All of the thiosemicarbazide derivatives showed better antioxidant activity than 1,2,4-triazole derivatives in both assays DPPH and FRAP. Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) mechanism was proposed and the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method was used to rationalise the experimental results. 5-[2-(Ethylsulphanyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione 3.14 was prepared by the reaction of 2-(ethylsulphanyl)benzohydrazide with CS2 in KOH. On alkylation of compound …

Synthesis, Characterization And Biological Properties Of Cyclic Thiosemicarbazone Zinc(Ii) Complexes / Vikneswara Rajamuthy, Rajamuthy Vikneswaran

Student Works (2010-2019)

No abstract provided.

Inline Mach Zender Interferometer (Imzi) Based Sensors For Humidity And Biochemical Concentration Measurements / Asiah Lokman, Lokman Asiah

Student Works (2010-2019)

Compact in-line fiber optic core cladding mode interferometers (CCMIs) have attracted much interest in recent years for various chemical, physical, and biological sensing applications. The working principle of CCMIs involves a mechanism to realize coupling and re-coupling between modes of the fiber core and fiber cladding. The core mode is guided by the core–cladding interface of the fiber while the cladding mode is guided by the cladding-ambience interface. Due to the optical phase difference (OPD) between the core and cladding modes, the CCMI could be used to measure various environmental parameters related to the ambience. This dissertation is concerned with …

Studies Toward The Total Synthesis Of Mulberry Dielsalder Adducts Morusalbanol A And Sorocein B / Tee Jia Ti, Jia Ti Tee

Student Works (2010-2019)

Morusalbanol A (42) and sorocein B (62) are biologically active natural products isolated from moraceous plants. They are postulated to be biosynthetically derived from an intramolecular cyclization/ketalization of a cis-trans mulberry Diels-Alder adduct. Thus far, there has been no report on the synthesis of these compounds since their first isolation in 1991. A model studies on construction of the oxabicyclic [3.3.1] core of morusalbanol A was conducted prior to embarking on the synthesis of morusalbanol A and sorocein B. The results showed that the required cis-trans Diels-Alder precursors of morusalbanol A was obtained via the thermal cycloaddition reaction which was …

The Influence Of Prosthetic Foot Types And Altered Sensory Conditions On The Postural Stability Of Below-Knee Amputees During Upright Standing / Nooranida Arifin, Arifin Nooranida

Student Works (2010-2019)

For individuals with below-knee amputation, the loss of the biological ankle joint and associated musculatures may adversely affect amputees’ ability to maintain upright posture successfully, particularly in altered sensory conditions. While postural stability performance among below-knee amputees has been explored, no research to date has systematically evaluated postural stability with different prosthetic foot types and modified sensory input. This research primarily aims to systematically evaluate the control of postural stability during primary sensory modifications among below-knee prosthesis users when wearing different types of prosthetic feet. This research also demonstrates the possibility of objective quantification of postural stability in below-knee amputees …

Development Of Rapid Label-Free Cells Discriminator For Dengue-Infected Hepatic Cells Utilizing Dielectrophoresis / Bashar Mohammed Shaher Yafouz, Shaher Yafouz Bashar Mohammed

Student Works (2010-2019)

This thesis presents the development of a label-free cell discriminator for dengue-infected cells using Dielectrophoresis (DEP). DEP, the induced movement of dielectric particles in a non-uniform electric field, has been used as a potential technique for the manipulation and separation of many biological samples without destructive consequences to the cell. Because cells of the same genotype in different physiological and pathological states have unique morphological and structural features, it is possible to differentiate normal and infected cells using their DEP responses. The proposed lab-on-a-chip platform consisted of five layers and employs microarray dot electrodes that utilize both positive and negative …

Anti-Aging Genes Improve Appetite Regulation And Reverse Cell Senescence And Apoptosis In Global Populations, Ian James Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Appetite regulation by nutritional intervention is required early in life that involves the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) with Sirt 1 maintenance of other cellular anti-aging genes involved in cell circadian rhythm, senescence and apoptosis. Interests in anti-aging therapy with appetite regulation improve an individual’s survival to metabolic disease induced by gene-environment interactions by maintenance of the anti-aging genes connected to the metabolism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, drugs and xenobiotics. Interventions to the aging process involve early calorie restriction with appetite regulation connected to appropriate genetic mechanisms that involve mitochondrial biogenesis and DNA repair in neurons. In the aging process …

Diet And Nutrition Reverse Type 3 Diabetes And Accelerated Aging Linked To Global Chronic Diseases, Ian James Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The acceleration in the rate of chronic diseases that involve insulin resistance has become of global concern. The rate of the most prevalent chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease is linked to the metabolic syndrome, non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and other chronic diseases that include obesity, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The gene-environment interaction in Western countries indicates that with urbanization access to food and its content may lead to induction of epigenetic alterations and identify the gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) to be responsible for the increased risk for insulin resistance and NAFLD relevant to Type 1, Type …

Serum Concentrations Of The Biomarkers Ca125, Ca15-3, Psa And Papp-A In Early Pregnancy, Melissa J. Stemp, Peter Roberts, Allison Mcclements, Vincent Chapple, Phillip Matson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Blood samples were collected serially from 14 women with healthy pregnancies, beginning in gestational week 4 at the time of a positive pregnancy test through to the identification of a foetal heart by ultrasound. Six biomarkers were measured in the serum retrospectively including two reproductive hormones (progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)) and four additional biomarkers (prostate-specific antigen (PSA), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A)) measured on a Siemens Centaur XP and a Roche Cobas e411 automated analysers, respectively. The progesterone and hCG results were unremarkable following established patterns, but distinctive patterns …

Gender, Architectural Education, And The Accruing Of Capital, I Troiani

School of Art, Design and Architecture

This chapter traces some of the reasons for lack of equal gender progression. It does so through analysis of the relationship between gender and architectural education, from entry to graduation, in order to reveal how the performativity of gender at university influences an individual's prospects to acquire optimal social, cultural, and economic capital in their post-university working life. In the United Kingdom and United States women are now undertaking a vocational architectural education at university at a rate mostly equal to or greater than men. While architecture schools undertake their own internal assessments on gender split and recruitment, there has …

Towards A Participatory Netnography: Collaborating With Children In Virtual Worlds Research, Ashley Donkin, Donell Holloway, Lelia Green

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The new sociology of childhood has encouraged social researchers to incorporate children in as much of the research process as possible. However, whilst some success has been achieved within traditional ethnographic studies, netnography has been slow to make this a reality. This article discusses the previous online research into children’s virtual worlds, which has rarely incorporated young children into the data collection or research analysis processes. The opportunity for researchers to use participatory approaches to collaborating with their child participants and collecting online data is limited due to ethical constraints. The ethical challenges of conducting netnography are compounded by a …

Magnesium Therapy Prevents Senescence With The Reversal Of Diabetes And Alzheimer’S Disease, Ian James Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In the current global epidemic for Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease there has been a major interest in magnesium therapy to delay the severity of NAFLD, Type 3 diabetes and neurodegeneration in the developing and developed world. The objective of magnesium therapy is to activate the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) to prevent cardiovascular disease, NAFLD and diabetes. Reduced consumption of nutrients such as fatty acids, glucose, cholesterol and increased magnesium consumption is closely linked to reduced bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and activation of Sirt1 relevant to active nuclear and mitochondria interactions …

Type 3 Diabetes With Links To Nafld And Other Chronic Diseases In The Western World, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In the year 2015 it is now estimated that 30% of the Western World will now progress to non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and by the year 2050 if NAFLD remains untreated in the Western world the prevalence of the disease may rise to 40% of the global population. Type 3 diabetes and circadian rhythm disturbances may be involved in the induction of NAFLD that may promote insulin resistance and various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, pancreatic disease, kidney disease and neurodegenerative disease. Multiple risk factors that induce Type 3 diabetes and NAFLD include stress, magnesium deficiency, bacterial …

A Case-Control Study In An Orcadian Population Investigating The Rrelationship Between Human Plasma N-Glycans And Metabolic Syndrome, Fiona Mclachlan, Maria Timofeeva, Mairead Bermingham, Sarah Wild, Igor Rudan, Gordon Lauc, Wei Wang, Harry Campbell, James Wilson, Evropi Theodoratou

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Alterations in glycosylation patterns have long been known to reflect changes in cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated the relationship between human N-glycan profiles and metabolic syndrome.

Method:

Between 2005 and 2011, 2,155 individuals from the Orkney Islands (UK) were recruited and biological material, alongside phenotypic measures were collected. Individual N-glycan profiles were measured in plasma using weak anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography and calibrated hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Pre-specified criteria were used to identify 564 cases with metabolic syndrome and 1475 controls. We applied logistic regression to test for association between this binary outcome against measured …

Epigenetic Response To Habitat Change: Changes Variation In Dna Methylation Frequencies And Generational Transmission Vary With Invasion Status, Aaron W. Schrey, Travis R. Robbins, Jacob D. Lee, David W. Dukes, Alexandria K. Ragsdale, Christopher J. Thawley, Tracy Langkilde

Biology: Faculty Publications

Epigenetic mechanisms may be important for a native species’ response to rapid environmental change. Red Imported Fire Ants (Solenopsis invicta Santschi, 1916) were recently introduced to areas occupied by the Eastern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus undulatus Bosc & Daudin, 1801). Behavioral, morphological and physiological phenotypes of the Eastern Fence Lizard have changed following invasion, creating a natural biological system to investigate environmentally induced epigenetic changes. We tested for variation in DNA methylation patterns in Eastern Fence Lizard populations associated with different histories of invasion by Red Imported Fire Ants. At methylation sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism loci, we detected a higher …

Using Technology, Bioinformatics And Health Informatics Approaches To Improve Learning Experiences In Optometry Education, Research And Practice, Vivek K. Gupta, Veer B. Gupta

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Rapid advances in ocular diagnostic approaches and emerging links of pathological changes in the eye with systemic disorders have widened the scope of optometry as the front line of eye health care. Expanding professional requirements stipulate that optometry students get a meticulous training in relevant information and communication technologies (ICT) and various bioinformatics and health informatics software to meet current and future challenges. Greater incorporation of ICT approaches in optometry education can facilitate increased student engagement in shared learning experiences and improve collaborative learning. This, in turn, will enable students to participate in and prepare for the complex real-world situations. …

Assessing Walking Posture With Geometric Morphometrics: Effects Of Rearing Environment In Pigs, C Tallet, E Sénèque, C Mégnin, S Morisset, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Rearing social animals like pigs in isolation from conspecifics can have consequences on behaviour and physiology. The aim of this experiment was to determine whether rearing conditions affect body posture. We adapted a method for quantitative evaluation of posture based on geometric morphometrics, developed in horses, for pigs and applied it in different conditions. Forty-eight 75-day-old females were reared either alone in 2.25 m2 pens (IH, N = 24 animals and 4 groups) or in groups of four in 4.64 m2 pens (GH, N = 24) for two weeks. They were habituated to human handling (stroking, speaking) and marking on …

Responses Of Marine Organisms To Climate Change Across Oceans, Elvira S. Poloczanska, Michael T. Burrows, Christipher J. Brown, Jorge G. Molinos, Benjamin S. Halpern, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Carrie V. Kappel, Philippa J. Moore, Anthony Richardson, David S. Schoeman, William J. Sydeman

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Climate change is driving changes in the physical and chemical properties of the ocean that have consequences for marine ecosystems. Here, we review evidence for the responses of marine life to recent climate change across ocean regions, from tropical seas to polar oceans. We consider observed changes in calcification rates, demography, abundance, distribution, and phenology of marine species. We draw on a database of observed climate change impacts on marine species, supplemented with evidence in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We discuss factors that limit or facilitate species' responses, such as fishing pressure, the …

Food Quality Induces A Miscible Disease With Relevance To Alzheimer’S Disease And Neurological Diseases, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Food and nutrition guidelines for the handling and processing of fresh fruit, bread, and vegetables are essential and fresh produce may require cold preservation procedures to prevent minimal bacterial and fungi contamination of food. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) corrupt lipoprotein and amyloid beta (Aβ) metabolism in diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and various neurological diseases. In the developing world the increased plasma LPS levels induce non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and interfere with albumin and Aβ interactions with spontaneous Aβ oligomer formation in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain that leads to neuronapoptosis by inactivation of Starling’s equation that is responsible for the maintenance …

Food Intake And Caffeine Determine Amyloid Beta Metabolism With Relevance To Mitophagy In Brain Aging And Chronic Disease, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In the global world diabetes and mitochondrial disease is expected to cost the developing world in the next 30 years US $400 million. In diabetes an absent peripheral sink amyloid beta clearance pathway is now relevant to amyloid beta induced mitochondrial apoptosis. The quality of food consumed has raised major concerns with increased levels of plasma bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that induces amyloid beta aggregation and mitochondrial apoptosis with programmed cell death linked to non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and many organ diseases. The amount, nature and time of day of fat consumption in diabetes has become important with relevance …

Location And Associated Carbon Storage Of Erosional Escarpments Of Seagrass Posidonia Mats, Oscar Serrano, Paul Lavery, Lourdes Lopez-Merino, Enric Ballesteros, Miguel A. Mateo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Seagrasses of the genus Posidonia can form an irregular seascape due to erosional processes exposing thick walls of organic matter-rich soils. However, little is known about the location and characteristics of these particular formations. Here we provide comprehensive estimates of organic carbon (C_org) storage in Posidonia oceanica and Posidonia australis meadows, while providing insight into their location and mechanisms of formation, and highlighting future research directions. Erosional reef escarpments are restricted to shallow highly productive P. oceanica meadows from the Mediterranean Sea and P. australis meadows from the Indian Ocean, and sustain the existence of C_org-rich …

Disentangling The Complexity Of Groundwater Dependent Social-Ecological Systems, Olivier Barreteau, Yvan Caballero, Serena H. Hamilton, Anthony J. Jakeman, Jean-Daniel Rinaudo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Groundwater resources are part of larger social-ecological systems. In this chapter, we review the various dimensions of these complex systems in order to uncover the diversity of elements at stake in the evolution of an aquifer and the loci for possible actions to control its dynamics. Two case studies illustrate how the state of an aquifer is embedded in a web of biophysical and sociopolitical processes. We propose here a holistic view through an IGM-scape that describes the various possible pathways of evolution for a groundwater related social-ecological system. Then we describe the elements of this IGM-scape starting with physical …

Heat Shock Gene Sirtuin 1 Regulates Post-Prandial Lipid Metabolism With Relevance To Nutrition And Appetite Regulation In Diabetes, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

New discoveries in medicine are required to understand the importance of appetite regulation that is associated with the overconsumption of foodin Type 2 and Type 3 diabetes. Food restriction in diabetes is essential to maintain the hepatic metabolism of dietary fat with relevance to defective post-prandial lipid metabolism and to the global non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) epidemic [1,2]. Premature brain aging has become important with the development of Type 3 diabetesand Alzheimer’s disease [3] that is associated with repression of the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) relevant topost-prandial lipid metabolism, amyloid beta metabolism (peptide involved in amyloid …