Digital Commons Network^™

Quantitative Proteomic Profiling Reveals Hepatic Lipogenesis And Liver X Receptor Activation In The Pander Transgenic Model., Mark G. Athanason, Whitney A. Ratliff, Dale Chaput, Catherine B. Marelia, Melanie N. Kuehl, Stanley M. Stevens Jr., Brant R. Burkhardt

Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications

PANcreatic-DERived factor (PANDER) is a member of a superfamily of FAM3 proteins modulating glycemic levels by metabolic regulation of the liver and pancreas. The precise PANDER-induced hepatic signaling mechanism is still being elucidated and has been very complex due to the pleiotropic nature of this novel hormone. Our PANDER transgenic (PANTG) mouse displays a selective hepatic insulin resistant (SHIR) phenotype whereby insulin signaling is blunted yet lipogenesis is increased, a phenomena observed in type 2 diabetes. To examine the complex PANDER-induced mechanism of SHIR, we utilized quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis using Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino Acids in Cell …

Learning And Memory Abnormalities In Mice Deficient In The Rna-Binding Protein Ksrp, Sarah L. Olguin

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Post-transcriptional regulation plays a critical role in the function and development of the nervous system; especially in the control of specific subsets of mRNAs localized to dendrites and axons. One such regulatory mechanism is the stabilization or disruption of mRNA through association of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) such as the KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP). We have previously shown that loss of KSRP results in dysregulation of GAP-43 and increased growth of hippocampal neurons in vitro. Therefore, KSRP-/- and KSRP+/- animals were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests including Novel Object Recognition and Trace Fear Conditioning to assess hippocampal …

General Education Subcommittee Agenda, November 15, 2016, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

Depth Requirement for Teacher Education Majors

Course Approvals/Removals/Syllabi Approvals

Business

• Data collection for writing/communication committee
• Lack of adequate writing/communication skills in students
• Should a meeting be held in December?

Interaction Between The Stress Phase Angle (Spa) And The Oscillatory Shear Index (Osi) Affects Endothelial Cell Gene Expression, Ronny Amaya, Limary M. Cancel, John M. Tarbell

Publications and Research

Hemodynamic forces play an important role in the non-uniform distribution of atherosclerotic lesions. Endothelial cells are exposed simultaneously to fluid wall shear stress (WSS) and solid circumferential stress (CS). Due to variations in impedance (global factors) and geometric complexities (local factors) in the arterial circulation a time lag arises between these two forces that can be characterized by the temporal phase angle between CS and WSS (stress phase angle±SPA). Asynchronous flows (SPA close to -180Ê) that are most prominent in coronary arteries have been associated with localization of atherosclerosis. Reversing oscillatory flows characterized by an oscillatory shear index (OSI) that …

Nutritional Status Affects Incidence Of Pneumonia In Underfives, Henry Wicaksono

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Pneumonia is an acute infection disease which remains the main killer of children under 5 years old worldwide. Based on Unicef's report, 17% of all children death is caused by pneumonia. Indonesia was in 10th position of the highest incidence of pneumonia and diarrhea which caused the death of children under 5 years old in 2013. In Gane Luar Public Health Center, there were at least 3 patients with pneumonia every month during 2014. The risk factors are less exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, low birth weight, less coverage of measles vaccine, indoor air pollution, and the high level of occupation density. …

Proteasome Inhibitors, Kyung Bo Kim, Venod Kasam, Wooin Lee, Dong-Eun Kim, Zachary Miller, Chang-Guo Zhan, Do-Min Lee

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

To see this patent's abstract, please download it.

Shifts In The Relative Importance Of Competition And Mutualism For Communities And Ecosystems, Lukas Patrick Bell-Dereske

Biology ETDs

Plant species interact with at least one, likely many, microbial mutualist throughout their life cycles. These microbial mutualists can have strong effects on plant communities and ecosystem processes. Fungal endophytes within the genus Epichloë associate with ~20%–30% of grass species and have been shown to have strong effects on plant communities. Here I described the effect of Epichloë amarillans associated with the dominant grass species, Ammophila breviligulata, on nutrient cycling, below-ground microbial community, and compare the strength of its effects on plant communities to plant-plant competition.

In chapters one and two, I examine the effects of Epichloë on litter …

The Molecular Systematics And Phylogeography Of The Widespread North American Meadow Vole (Microtus Pennsylvanicus), Donavan J. Jackson

Biology ETDs

The climatic and environmental fluctuations of the Quaternary played an integral role in geographic distribution and genetic structure within many organisms today. Understanding how these historical biogeographic events may have partitioned genetic variation throughout the landscape is critical to forecasting the implications of modern climate change and how animals will respond to projected climate shifts. Through geographic and taxonomically comprehensive sampling, we used multi-locus and species delimitation analyses along with niche modeling methods to investigate the evolutionary and biogeographic history of the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability and importance that special consideration …

Plant-Biocrust Interactions Mediated By The Fungal Loop, Eva Dettweiler-Robinson

Biology ETDs

Plant-microbial interactions influence biogeochemical cycles. Plants and biological soil crusts are primary producers in drylands. Biocrusts include cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses, algae, fungi, bacteria, and archaea on the soil surface, some of which fix atmospheric nitrogen. I investigated controls on biocrust carbon fluxes and their contribution to ecosystem fluxes, the incorporation of plant-derived carbon into biocrusts, and the role of soil fungi in promoting performance of plants and biocrusts. Biocrusts responded to temperature and moisture differently by biome. Biocrusts in grasslands/shrublands contributed >25% of total summertime ecosystem respiration, but biocrusts in savannas/woodlands contributed < 1%. Biocrusts contributed < 2% to GPP in any biome. To augment their native photosynthesis, biocrusts may include 16% plant-derived carbon. Fungal connections improved plant and biocrust performance and reduced differences in the CN ratio between organisms compared to when connections were impeded. Investigation of interactions among biocrusts, plants, and fungi has improved understanding of resource cycling in drylands.

Inhibitors Of Pfkfb3 For Cancer Therapy, Yong-Hwan Lee, Jeong Do Kim

College of Science Patents

Compounds used to inhibit glycolytic pathway small molecule kinase 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB) are set forth; these inhibitors can be used in the treatment of certain diseases in which cells or tumors rely on glycolytic metabolism, such as many cancer cells.

Thermosetting Shape Memory Polymers With Ability To Perform Repeated Molecular Scale Healing, Guoqiang Li

College of Engineering Patents

A composition comprising thermoset shape memory polymer and a composition for molecular scale healing is disclosed; the composition has the ability to resolve structural defects by a close-then-heal mechanism. In use the shape memory polymer serves to bring opposing surfaces in a structural defect into proximity, whereafter heating the molecular scale healing composition to a level at or above its melting point allows for molecular scale healing. The composition has the ability to close macroscopic defects, and to do so repeatedly even if another wound occurs in a previously healed area.

Searching Neuroimaging Biomarkers In Mental Disorders With Graph And Multimodal Fusion Analysis Of Functional Connectivity, Hao He

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Mental disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar (BD), and major depression disorders (MDD) can cause severe symptoms and life disruption. They share some symptoms, which can pose a major clinical challenge to their differentiation. Objective biomarkers based on neuroimaging may help to improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate optimal treatment for patients. Over the last decades, non-invasive in-vivo neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been increasingly applied to measure structure and function in human brains. With functional MRI (fMRI) or structural MRI (sMRI), studies have identified neurophysiological deficits in patients’ brain from different perspective. Functional connectivity (FC) analysis …

Approaches For Capturing Time-Varying Functional Network Connectivity With Application To Normative Development And Mental Illness, Barnaly Rashid

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Since the beginning of medical science, the human brain has remained an unsolved puzzle; an illusive organ that controls everything- from breathing to heartbeats, from emotion to anger, and more. With the power of advanced neuroimaging techniques, scientists have now started to solve this nearly impossible puzzle, piece by piece. Over the past decade, various in vivo techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have been increasingly used to understand brain functions. fMRI is extensively being used to facilitate the identification of various neuropsychological disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BP) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These disorders are …

Stressed Out And Vulnerable, Larry Clow

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of Two-Dimentional Molybdenum Disulfide By Chemical Vapor Deposition, Yan Jiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Two-dimensional single and few layers of molybdenum disulfide have attracted much attention due to their unique property and potential for applications. Synthesis of large area MoS2 on a substrate will lead to possible device fabrication. In this study, large area MoS2 of high crystallinity and large size were synthesized by a Chemical Vapor Deposition process. Both triangle-shape-flakes and continuous films of monolayer and multilayer MoS2 were obtained. Analysis of layer roughness, size, thickness, uniformity and crystallinity were studied by optical microscope, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, and Raman microscope. The effects of precursor concentration, pressure in deposition chamber, gas …

Co2-Fixing One-Carbon Metabolism In A Cellulose-Degrading Bacterium Clostridium Thermocellum, Wei Xiong, Paul P. Lin, Lisa Warner, James C. Liao, Pin-Ching Maness, Katherine J. Chou

Biomedical Research Institute Publications and Presentations

Clostridium thermocellum can ferment cellulosic biomass to formate and other end products, including CO₂. This organism lacks formate dehydrogenase (Fdh), which catalyzes the reduction of CO₂ to formate. However, feeding the bacterium ¹³C-bicarbonate and cellobiose followed by NMR analysis showed the production of ¹³C-formate in C. thermocellum culture, indicating the presence of an uncharacterized pathway capable of converting CO₂ to formate. Combining genomic and experimental data, we demonstrated that the conversion of CO₂ to formate serves as a CO₂ entry point into the reductive one-carbon (C1) metabolism, and internalizes CO_{2 …}

Protecting The Imperfect Victim: Expanding “Safe Harbors” To Adult Victims Of Sex Trafficking, Christine Anchan

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

The Sun Star Vol 70 No 12 ( November 15th, 2016), N/A N/A

Sun Star

No abstract provided.

Habitual Coffee Consumption And Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes, Ischemic Heart Disease, Depression And Alzheimer’S Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Man Ki Kwok, Gabriel M. Leung, C. Mary Schooling

Publications and Research

Observationally, coffee is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), depression and Alzheimer’s disease, but not ischemic heart disease (IHD). Coffee features as possibly protective in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Short-term trials suggest coffee has neutral effect on most glycemic traits, but raises lipids and adiponectin. To clarify we compared T2DM, depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and IHD and its risk factors by genetically predicted coffee consumption using two-sample Mendelian randomization applied to large extensively genotyped case-control and cross-sectional studies. Childhood cognition was used as a negative control outcome. Genetically predicted coffee consumption was not associated with T2DM (odds …

Putting The Illegal Wildlife Trade In The Crosshairs: How The Global Conservation Crisis Demonstrates The Need For Lacey Act Enforcement Of Foreign Laws, Jonathan Gonzalez

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Quantitative And Qualitative Nutritional Analysis Of Gvsu Managed Honey Bee Colonies, Emily Noordyke, Anne Marie Fauvel

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Managed honeybee colonies are in significant decline worldwide. The interaction between poor nutrition, pests and diseases, and pesticide use are most cited as potential culprits for the precarious state of the beekeeping industry. By evaluating food coming into the hive, conclusions can be drawn about the quality of hive location and forage availability. Pollen from an apiary with historically low honey production and poor colony health was compared to pollen from an apiary with high honey production and good colony health. Pollen was collected weekly in a 24-hour period, hive weight was monitored, and colonies were assessed for overall growth …

The Current Volume 27 : Issue 13, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Multidimensional Heritability Analysis Of Neuroanatomical Shape, Tian Ge, Martin Reuter, Anderson M. Winkler, Avram J. Holmes, Phil H. Lee, Lee S. Tirrell, Joshua L. Roffman, Randy L. Buckner, Jordan W. Smoller, Mert R. Sabuncu

School of Medicine Publications

In the dawning era of large-scale biomedical data, multidimensional phenotype vectors will play an increasing role in examining the genetic underpinnings of brain features, behaviour and disease. For example, shape measurements derived from brain MRI scans are multidimensional geometric descriptions of brain structure and provide an alternate class of phenotypes that remains largely unexplored in genetic studies. Here we extend the concept of heritability to multidimensional traits, and present the first comprehensive analysis of the heritability of neuroanatomical shape measurements across an ensemble of brain structures based on genome-wide SNP and MRI data from 1,320 unrelated, young and healthy individuals. …

Network Inference Driven Drug Discovery, Gergely Zahoránszky-Kőhalmi, Tudor I. Oprea, Cristian G. Bologa, Subramani Mani, Oleg Ursu

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

The application of rational drug design principles in the era of network-pharmacology requires the investigation of drug-target and target-target interactions in order to design new drugs. The presented research was aimed at developing novel computational methods that enable the efficient analysis of complex biomedical data and to promote the hypothesis generation in the context of translational research. The three chapters of the Dissertation relate to various segments of drug discovery and development process.

The first chapter introduces the integrated predictive drug discovery platform „SmartGraph”. The novel collaborative-filtering based algorithm „Target Based Recommender (TBR)” was developed in the framework of this …

Examining The Teacher Pipeline: Will They Stay Or Will They Go?, Mary R. Moeller, Lonell L. Moeller, Dan Schmidt

The Rural Educator

This study examines survey data from teacher education students in their final two years of preparation at a Midwestern university. We asked students to explain if they intend to stay in our state or move to other states to pursue teaching careers after graduation. We compiled all 137 responses using descriptive statistics and found that 59% of respondents intend to leave our state after graduating. Of the remaining respondents, 21% intend to stay in our state and 20% are unsure of their plans. We used qualitative methods to code students’ responses, giving reasons for their intentions. While students mentioned financial …

Transition Services In Eight Rural Counties Of Western New York: Views Of Directors Of Special Education, Bruce A. Shields, Mindy S. Scirri, Michael R. Berta, Kara M. Klump

The Rural Educator

Rural school districts face different challenges than urban and suburban districts. In fact, several Rural Systemic Initiatives (RSIs) have been established around the country to isolate and address rural school district issues (Harmon & Smith, 2012). In order to improve the effectiveness of transition services in rural schools, feedback from stakeholders in the process is vital. Directors of special education, specifically, must work to facilitate a quality and seamless process for transition despite challenges, and those working in rural settings may face additional obstacles. This study examines the perspectives of these front-line providers in order to begin to understand the …

Trans/Formations: A Photovoice Assessment Of Transgender People’S Wellness, E. Ricky Hill

Communication ETDs

The purpose of this study is to identify and understand ways transgender and gender non-conforming people living in Albuquerque, New Mexico are communicating about and understanding their health and wellness needs and the health and wellness needs of their community. Partnering with the Transgender Resource Center of New Mexico, I used a community-based participatory approach to work on a Photovoice project that identified health and wellness related needs as defined by the community. Emergent themes identified by the participants highlighted various challenges and strengths to health and wellness for transgender and gender non-conforming people. I identify five core cultural premises …

The Parthenon, November 15, 2016, Lexi Browning

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, was published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly on Thursdays during the summer. Due to budgetary constraints, beginning with the 2016 Fall semester, the newspaper is only published two days a week. Physical issues are printed on Tuesdays and Fridays. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

An Iron Detection System Determines Bacterial Swarming Initiation And Biofilm Formation, Chuan-Sheng Lin, Yu-Huan Tsai, Chih-Jung Chang, Shun-Fu Tseng, Tseng-Ru Wu, Chia-Chen Lu, Ting-Shu Wu, Jang-Jih Lu, Jim-Tong Horng, Jan Martel, David M. Ojcius, Hsin-Chih Lai, John Ding-E. Young

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Iron availability affects swarming and biofilm formation in various bacterial species. However, how bacteria sense iron and coordinate swarming and biofilm formation remains unclear. Using Serratia marcescens as a model organism, we identify here a stage-specific iron-regulatory machinery comprising a two-component system (TCS) and the TCS-regulated iron chelator 2-isocyano-6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (ICDH-Coumarin) that directly senses and modulates environmental ferric iron (Fe3+) availability to determine swarming initiation and biofilm formation. We demonstrate that the two-component system RssA-RssB (RssAB) directly senses environmental ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and transcriptionally modulates biosynthesis of flagella and the iron chelator ICDH-Coumarin whose production requires the pvc cluster. …

Long-Term Warming Alters Carbohydrate Degradation Potential In Temperate Forest Soils, Grace Pold, Andrew F. Billings, Jeff L. Blanchard, Daniel B. Burkhardt, Serita D. Frey, Jerry M. Melillo, Julia Schnabel, Linda T. A. Van Diepen, Kristen M. Deangelis

Faculty Publications

As Earth's climate warms, soil carbon pools and the microbial communities that process them may change, altering the way in which carbon is recycled in soil. In this study, we used a combination of metagenomics and bacterial cultivation to evaluate the hypothesis that experimentally raising soil temperatures by 5°C for 5, 8, or 20 years increased the potential for temperate forest soil microbial communities to degrade carbohydrates. Warming decreased the proportion of carbohydrate-degrading genes in the organic horizon derived from eukaryotes and increased the fraction of genes in the mineral soil associated with Actinobacteria in all studies. Genes associated with …