Digital Commons Network^™

Homo Heidelbergensis: The Tool To Our Success, Alexander Burkard

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Homo heidelbergensis, a physiological variant of the species Homo sapien, is an extinct species that existed in both Europe and parts of Asia from 700,000 years ago to roughly 300,000 years ago (carbon dating). This “subspecies” of Homo sapiens, as it is formally classified, is a direct ancestor of anatomically modern humans, and is understood to have many of the same physiological characteristics as those of anatomically modern humans while still expressing many of the same physiological attributes of Homo erectus, an earlier human ancestor. Since Homo heidelbergensis represents attributes of both species, it has therefore earned the classification as …

Prenatal Nicotine Exposure As A Teratogen In Neurological Pathways, Monica Grover

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most heritable and commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorder with 4% of all children being diagnosed with this disorder. Prenatal smoking has been found to be a risk factor for ADHD, a disorder that has been believed to be linked to the fluctuation of dopamine levels. Prenatal nicotine exposure in the second trimester influences dopaminergic neurological pathways by altering dopamine release levels. The altered dopamine levels make the fetus brain more sensitive to the nicotine, causing the nicotine exposure to be more dangerous in causing ADHD symptoms. Prenatal nicotine exposure alters the neurological pathway of the …

Risk And Safety Of Complex Network Systems, Xiao-Bing Hu, Adrian V. Gheorghe, Mark S. Leeson, Supeng Leng, Julien Bourgeois, Xiaobo Qu

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Easing Reentry Of Incarcerated Youth With And Without Disabilities Through Employability And Social Skills Training, Taryn Vanderpyl

CGU Theses & Dissertations

When incarcerated youth – those with and those without disabilities – face the prospect of reentering the community, they have many obstacles to overcome. Employment requirements are often associated with terms of parole or aftercare. Those who fail to obtain and maintain employment often reenter the juvenile justice system instead of successfully reentering society. Research shows employment is critical for successful transition from incarceration back in to the community. Limited information is available about programs that positively impact post-incarceration employment for juveniles, however. Practitioners face the challenge of selecting effective curriculum, interventions, or supports. Unfortunately, the current knowledge base provides …

Mobile People, Mobile God: Mobile Societies, Monotheism, And The Effects Of Ecological Landscapes On The Development Of Ancient Religions, Edward Surman

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Despite the wealth of scholarship concerning the origins of religious beliefs, practices, and cultures, there has been little consideration of the impact of ecological landscapes on the development of ancient religions. Although the influence of the natural environment is considered among the variables in explaining the development of various economic, political, and other social systems throughout history, there is a specific gap concerning its impact on the origins of religious systems. The argument which is taken up in this writing is the correlation between agriculturally marginal landscape and the development of monotheism. Specifically that the religions of the ancient Iranians …

A Macroecological Perspective On Strategic Bat Conservation In The U.S. National Park Service, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Thomas E. Philippi, William B. Monahan

KIP Articles

North American bat populations face unprecedented threats from disease and rapid environmental change, requiring a commensurate strategic conservation response. Protected-area networks have tremendous potential to support coordinated resource protection, disease surveillance, and population monitoring that could become a cornerstone of 21st-century bat conservation. To motivate this idea, we develop a macroecological perspective about bat diversity and associated conservation challenges and opportunities on U.S. National Park Service (NPS) lands. We compared occurrence records from parks against published range maps. Only 55 (19%) of parks reported as present ≥90% of the bat species expected based on range maps, highlighting the information-gap challenge. …

Fishing Technique Of Long-Fingered Bats Was Developed From A Primary Reaction To Disappearing Target Stimuli, Ostaizka Aizpurua, Antton Alberdi, Joxerra Aihartza

KIP Articles

Behavioral plasticity is a key feature allowing animals to broaden their dietary niche when novel food resources become available, and long-fingered bats provide an appropriate model system to study the underpinnings of behavioral plasticity, since although generally being an insectivorous species, some individuals have been reported to catch fish. Aiming to get insight into the origin of fishing behavior in long-fingered bats, we studied in the field the differences in sensorial and mechanical reactions to insect-like (stationary) and fish-like (temporary) prey stimuli between well-known piscivorous and strictly insectivorous individuals. Both piscivorous and insectivorous individuals exhibited a qualitatively similar reaction to …

The Athlete-Student Dilemma: Exploring The Experiences Of Specially Admitted Student–Athletes At A Division Iii University, Sean Patrick Hendricks, Ane Turner Johnson

Journal of Applied Sport Management

In higher education, it is the responsibility of institutional leaders to ensure the success of all students (Tinto, 1993), even those who failed to meet general admission requirements. This case study explored the challenges associated with enrolling student–athletes at a Division III institution with less than desirable admission standards (Stake, 1995). This study examined 199 specially admitted student–athletes that enrolled at Rowan University between 2007 and 2011 and found that a lack of support and proper programming has placed this population in a disadvantageous position. This coupled with student engagement that was found to further isolate student–athletes from the rest …

Fetchin' The Truth About Dog Food Regulations, Abra Slivinski

Loyola Consumer Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Hierarchical Statistical Engineering Modeling Methodology, Teddy Steven Cotter

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

In the ASEM-IAC 2015, Cotter (2015) proposed a systemic joint deterministic-stochastic dynamic causal Bayesian statistical engineering model that addressed the knowledge gap needed to integrate deterministic mathematical engineering models within a stochastic framework. However, Cotter did not specify the modeling methodology through which statistical engineering models could be developed, diagnosed, and applied to predict systemic mission performance. This paper updates research into the development a hierarchical statistical engineering modeling methodology and sets forth the initial theoretical foundation for the methodology.

Fluorine Dating Of Human Bone At The Pre-Columbian Maya Cemetery Of Caves Branch Rockshelter, Belize, Morgan Isaacs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis tests the ion-selective electrode fluorine dating method on the remains from the Maya mortuary site Caves Branch Rockshelter (CBR) in Belize. CBR is a cemetery containing at least 400 burials from the late Preclassic to the Postclassic periods. The intensive use and reuse of the site has disturbed the burial matrices, making it difficult to seriate the burials. Fluorine dating analyzes the amount of fluorine that has accumulated in bone over time. In principle, an older burial will contain more fluorine from groundwater than a more recently buried bone; however, this principle must be tested at each site …

My Body Is My Temple: Utilizing The Concept Of Dignity In Supreme Court Jurisprudence To Fight Sex Reassignment Surgery Requirements For Recognition Of Legal Sex, Doran Shemin

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

Intellectual Property And Related Rights In Climate Data, Michael W. Carroll

Contributions to Books

This chapter focuses on the ways in which intellectual property law can act as a barrier to data sharing. Intellectual property laws supply exclusive rights that can enable a researcher, employer or funder to ‘own’ data; they can then bring legal claims against persons who access or reuse data without permission. Some of these rights attach automatically to data, data sets, or databases, and thus must be managed properly to enable robust data sharing in climate science. Other rights are created by contract, and the policies around such privately created rights must be understood and analyzed. This chapter briefly describes …

Arakniprint: 3d Printing Of Synthetic Spider Silk To Produce Biocompatible And Resorbable Biomaterials, Ashley Ruben, Brianne Bell, Chase Spencer, Craig Soelberg, Dan Gil, Thomas Harris, Richard Decker, Timothy A. Taylor, Radolph V. Lewis

Undergraduate Honors Projects

No abstract provided.

The Diagnostic Accuracy Of Determine™ Tb Lam Antigen In Detection Of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Eptb), Fatimah Osman Juma

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Background: TB remains a key global health challenge; particularly Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) and is also a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The increasing incidence of EPTB compounded by difficulties in making a timely diagnosis portends to poor prognosis and increased mortality. Delays in diagnosis and misdiagnosis of EPTB in suspected patients account for mortality as well. Challenges in diagnosis of EPTB are mainly due to disease related factors, the paucibacillary nature of disease and challenges with sample collection and processing. Reference standard test such as TB culture, geneXpert and histology which are used in the …

Sex Objects And Sexy Subjects: A Feminist Reclamation Of Sexiness, Sheila Lintott, Sherri Irvin

Faculty Contributions to Books

No abstract provided.

The Organization Of Dissonance In Adena-Hopewell Societies Of Eastern North America, Edward R. Henry, Casey R. Barrier

Anthropology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Social complexity increased dramatically during the Middle Woodland period (ca. 200 BC-AD 500) in Eastern North America. Adena-Hopewell societies during this period built massive burial mounds, constructed complex geometric earthen enclosures, and maintained extensive trade networks in exotic craft goods. These material signatures suggest that coalition and consensus were sustained through social bonds since clear evidence for top-down leadership does not exist in Adena-Hopewell archaeology. Here, a framework grounded in new understandings of heterarchy is used to explore how coalitions were formed, organised, maintained, and/or shifted as a means to coordinate labour and ritual among Middle Woodland Period groups. Through …

Surviving Critical Illness: What Is Next? An Expert Consensus Statement On Physical Rehabilitation After Hospital Discharge, M Major, R Kwakman, M Kho, B Connolly, D Mcwilliams, L Denehy, S Hanekom, S Patman, R Gosselink, C Jones, F Nollett, D Needham, R Engelbert, M Van Der Schaaf

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: The study objective was to obtain consensus on physical therapy (PT) in the rehabilitation of critical illness survivors after hospital discharge. Research questions were: what are PT goals, what are recommended measurement tools, and what constitutes an optimal PT intervention for survivors of critical illness?

Methods: A Delphi consensus study was conducted. Panelists were included based on relevant fields of expertise, years of clinical experience, and publication record. A literature review determined five themes, forming the basis for Delphi round one, which was aimed at generating ideas. Statements were drafted and ranked on a 5-point Likert scale in two …

Students' Perception Of Educational Environment At Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, Rehana Rehman, Kulsoom Ghias, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Mehwish Hussain, Faiza Alam

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To assess educational environment in Aga Khan University Medical College (AKUMC) by Dundee Ready Educational Environmental Measure (DREEM) scale.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of students at the AKUMC with simple random sampling was carried out from June 2014 till March 2015. Responses in five subscales were used to calculate DREEM scores.
Results: The average DREEM score was 125.77±16.8 with a reliability of 91.3%. With regards to subscales, on the 12-item students' perceptions of learning (PoL) subscale, the maximum score was 48; 11 items of students' perceptions of teachers (PoT) had a maximum score of 44; students' academic self-perceptions (ASP) …

Differential Effects Of Mineralocorticoid And Angiotensin Ii On Incentive And Mesolimbic Activity, Laura A. Grafe, Loretta M. Flanagan-Cato

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

The controls of thirst and sodium appetite are mediated in part by the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin II (AngII). The present study examined the behavioral and neural mechanisms of altered effort-value in animals treated with systemic mineralocorticoids, intracerebroventricular AngII, or both. First,rats treated with mineralocorticoid and AngII were tested in the progressive ratio operant task. The willingness to work for sodium versus waterdepended on hormonal treatment. In particular, rats treated with both mineralocorticoid and AngII preferentially worked for access to sodium versus water compared with rats given only one of these hormones. Second, components of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway were …

A Study Of The Fepac Accredited Graduate Forensic Science Programs' Curricula, Catherine Genice Rushton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The National Institute of Justice (1999) and the National Academy of Sciences (2009) recommended that forensic science training shift from on-the-job training to formal education. However, the reports cited inconsistencies in the curricula of the forensic science degree programs as an impediment to this. The Forensic Science Education Programs Accreditation Commission (FEPAC) Standards were created to address this issue; however, no studies have been conducted to determine how the accreditation standards have been implemented by the FEPAC accredited graduate programs. This study evaluated the self-study responses (n=11) and website information (n=17) specific to FEPAC’s Graduate Curriculum Standards to determine how …

Impact Of Peer Education And On-Site Clinical Services For Female Sex Workers In Bangladesh Brothels: A Link Up Evaluation Study, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

This brief describes an evaluation of a brothel-based HIV and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) intervention that combined peer outreach with the provision of on-site clinical services in several Bangladesh brothels. The aim of this evaluation was to assess whether peer educator one-on-one or group sessions and on-site satellite clinics improved SRHR knowledge and behaviors among women who sell sex in three Bangladesh brothels. The study was conducted by the Population Council as part of the Link Up project, a global consortium led by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance aimed at improving the SRHR of young people. The findings …

Hostos Community College Academic Bulletin 2014-2016, Hostos Community College

College Bulletins

This is the official college catalog for 2014-2016. It contains course descriptions as well as information on degree programs, college resources and services, financial aid, admissions, and the academic calendar.

Genetic Analysis And The Ethics Of Secondary Findings, Jacob Zieba 16

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

Deep Silences In The Long Night: Meditations On Zapatismo, Coloniality, And The Global Ecological Crisis, Burke Stanton 16

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

Medical Decision Making For Youth In The Foster Care System, 49 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1103 (2016), Zach Strassburger

UIC Law Review

Youth in the foster care system often have no one person who is clearly authorized to make medical decisions for them. From a caseworker insisting upon a vaccine to a birth parent refusing permission for psychotropic medication, the evidence supports the argument that who makes these decisions matters for children’s rights. The Author reviewed relevant laws and policies, surveyed stakeholders to understand actual practices, then interviewed a subset of these stakeholders to get further details about who decides what care a young person receives. This Article argues that policies should be nuanced but consistent, promoting birth parent involvement and family …

A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand: The Need To Federalize Surrogacy Contracts As A Result Of A Fragmented State System, 49 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1155 (2016), Brett Thomaston

UIC Law Review

This comment will explain the necessity for federal regulation of surrogacy contracts by analyzing the current state of surrogacy laws across the United States. This will be accomplished by examining the fragmented state system and how this largely ignored area of the law has been a feeding ground for widespread forum shopping and inconsistent results. This comment will then address the public policy reasons in support of enforcing these contracts. Next, this comment will examine the avenues of congressional power for regulating these types of contracts. Lastly, this comment will propose that the federal government implement legislation containing key language …

The Food And Drug Administration Versus The Federal Trade Commission: Reconciling Their Interests In Regulating Homeopathic Products, 49 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1193 (2016), Jordannah Bangi

UIC Law Review

This Comment suggests that the FDA should require homeopathic products to carry a disclaimer label similar to those used on prescription drugs or certain food or food products.

On The Advertisement Call Of Bokermannohyla Oxente Lugli And Haddad, 2006 (Anura, Hylidae), Ariovaldo Giaretta, Talita Freitas Brandao, Lucas Borges Martins

Neotropical Biodiversity

Considering a new sample of calls of Bokermannohyla oxente, we revisited its call description and acoustic diagnosis. Four males were recorded in Piatã (Bahia, Brazil). Calls were composed of a single note emitted in sequences which could be long (up to 25 s). Notes were composed by a discrete weak/short initial prefix slightly separated from a second strong/long part; besides fundamental (= dominant), 2−3 other harmonically related bands were found. No prefix or harmonic structure were previously reported to B. oxente. Our record extends about 50 km the distribution of the species to west. The call of B. oxente is …

Never Having Loved At All: An Overlooked Interest That Grounds The Abortion Right Essay, Sherry F. Colb

Connecticut Law Review

Feminist and some other abortion rights advocates typically ground the right to abortion in bodily integrity, thus conceptualizing abortion as vindicating a right to disassociate oneselffrom an intruder. Although valid as a matter of logic, the bodily integrity argument is libertarian and seemingly selfish. But a fundamentally associative interest also grounds the abortion right. A woman who cannot raise a child but is legally required to bear one must undergo the psychic pain of forced separation from an infant whom she is biologically programmed to love. Human mothers, like other mammalian mothers, grieve the loss of their young, as illustrated …