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2016

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The Tax Definition Of "Medical Care:" A Critique Of The Startling Irs Arguments In O'Donnabhain V. Commissioner, Katherine Pratt Dec 2016

The Tax Definition Of "Medical Care:" A Critique Of The Startling Irs Arguments In O'Donnabhain V. Commissioner, Katherine Pratt

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This Article critiques the startling arguments made by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) in O’Donnabhain v. Commissioner, a case in which the issue was whether a person diagnosed with gender identity disorder (“GID”) could take a federal tax deduction for the costs of male-to-female medical transition, including hormone treatment, genital surgery, and breast augmentation. Internal Revenue Code § 213 allows a deduction for the costs of “medical care,” which (1) includes costs incurred for “the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body,” but (2) generally …

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A Spatio-Temporal Model Of Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Ecology Across The North American Great Plains Throughout The Paleoindian Period: Development Of Biological Theory And Statistical Methods To Link Human Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, And The Archaeological Record, Erik Roque Otárola-Castillo Dec 2016

A Spatio-Temporal Model Of Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Ecology Across The North American Great Plains Throughout The Paleoindian Period: Development Of Biological Theory And Statistical Methods To Link Human Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, And The Archaeological Record, Erik Roque Otárola-Castillo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Hunter-gatherers spread to nearly every corner of the planet in large part due to their flexible ability to forage for high-quality foods in diverse environments. The study of human foraging behavior is therefore crucial to understanding the proximate and ultimate factors that have shaped human evolutionary history. Although not necessarily in an evolutionary context, the foraging behavior of Paleoindian hunter-gatherers in North America has been studied for over a century. Researchers have paid particular attention to Paleoindian foragers’ hunting of big game across the grasslands of the Great Plains, shedding light on “what†prey Paleoindians foraged, “where†foraging occurred on …

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Light-Induced Self-Assembly And Diffusion Of Nanoclusters, Wenxuan Lian Dec 2016

Light-Induced Self-Assembly And Diffusion Of Nanoclusters, Wenxuan Lian

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Novel methods to build multiple types of three-dimensional structures from various nanoscale components are the most exciting and challenging questions in nano-science. The properties of the assembled structures can be potentially and designed, but the development of such approaches is challenging. In order to realize such rational assembly, a tunable interaction medium is often introduced into the system. Soft matter, such as polymers, surfactants and biomolecules are used to modify the surfaces of the nanoscale building blocks. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. There are unique base pairing rules …

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3d Printing Of Metals, Ying Mu Dec 2016

3d Printing Of Metals, Ying Mu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Additive manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing method that produces parts from powders layer by layer. Many techniques have been developed to achieve this. In this thesis, the historical development and general principles of additive manufacturing are covered. The techniques for producing metal parts are explored, with a focus on the defects, processing parameters, mechanical properties and the relationships between them and the influences on each other. The various metal AM techniques are compared with the analysis of their strength, limitations and applicable conditions. The applications and mechanical properties of the most studied metal/alloys is another …

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Fabrication Of A Novel Biosensor For Macromolecules Detection Through Molecular Imprinting Technique, Yingjie Yu Dec 2016

Fabrication Of A Novel Biosensor For Macromolecules Detection Through Molecular Imprinting Technique, Yingjie Yu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There is an increasing need for precise molecular detection as a diagnostic tool for early identification of diseases, pathogens, and abnormal protein levels in the body. Typical chemical analytical methods are generally costly, unstable, and time-consuming. Molecular imprinting (MI) technique，based on the “lock and key model†, could be a simple method to overcome those shortcomings. In this study, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was employed as a platform to fabricate MI biosensor for detection of macromolecules. I demonstrated that, when the monolayer was formed on a rough surface, this method was in fact templating molecules in three dimensions, and hence …

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Effects Of Chemically-Modified-Curcumin (Cmc2.24) On Rat Experimental Periodontitis, Howard Hao Wang Dec 2016

Effects Of Chemically-Modified-Curcumin (Cmc2.24) On Rat Experimental Periodontitis, Howard Hao Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases, and causes severe debilitation due to the loss of teeth. There are two main strategies utilized in the treatment of periodontal disease: (1) local mechanical therapy, such as scaling and root planing and/or periodontal surgery, as well as local adjunctive antimicrobial (Atridox, Arestin, and Periochip) therapy, and (2) addition of an adjunctive therapy such as host-modulation therapy (HMT). Regarding the latter, there is currently only one systemically administered FDA-approved medication for the treatment of chronic periodontitis, Periostat®, a non-antimicrobial doxycycline-based MMP-inhibitor, which was developed decades ago. The current study …

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Understanding The Dielectric Properties Of Water, Daniel C. Elton Dec 2016

Understanding The Dielectric Properties Of Water, Daniel C. Elton

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Liquid water is a complex material with many anomalous properties. Three of these anomalies are an abnormally high dielectric constant, an abnormally high boiling point, and a solid phase which is less dense than the liquid phase. Each of these anomalies is known to have been critically important in the development of life on Earth. All of water's special properties can be linked to water's unique ability to form hydrogen bonds. Water's hydrogen bonds form a transient network. Understanding the average structure of this network and how it changes through the phase diagram remains the focus of intense research. In …

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Topics In Statistical Physics: Protein Stability, Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics, And, Michael John Hazoglou Dec 2016

Topics In Statistical Physics: Protein Stability, Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics, And, Michael John Hazoglou

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation will cover three distinct topics of protein stability, non-equilibrium thermodynamics and scientometrics. In senescent organisms aging is correlated with oxidative damage of proteins. The damage done to proteins destabilizes them inhibiting their function. The implications of a simplified model based on side-chain modification of charged residues using Debye-H\"{u}ckel theory will be presented. Short length and highly charged proteins are susceptible to destabilization from oxidative damage. Among these proteins already studied in aging several proteins fit this description of being short and highly charged. There is a noticeable enrichment of short-highly-charged proteins in categories of proteins known to be …

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The Study Of Nonequilibrium Dissipative Quantum Dynamics And Its Applications To Energy Transport And Quantum Information Processes, Zhedong Zhang Dec 2016

The Study Of Nonequilibrium Dissipative Quantum Dynamics And Its Applications To Energy Transport And Quantum Information Processes, Zhedong Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Nonequilibrium quantum physics is of fundamental importance and interest. It is still an extremely hard issue even in today's theoretical physics because of the lack of the knowledge on the basic theories, like the nonequilibrium quantum statistical mechanics. The recent advances on theory and experiments reveal the essentiality of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics on explaining as well as understanding many interesting phenomenon, i.e. | the ultrafast energy transfer \& long-survived quantum coherence in organic molecules, quantum phase transition and the novel transport properties of superfluid gas at low temperature. Here we will focus on the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics relaxing towards the …

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"The Cradle Of Things": Origins And Ontogenesis In The Late Landscapes Of Gustave Courbet, Nicole Georgopulos Dec 2016

"The Cradle Of Things": Origins And Ontogenesis In The Late Landscapes Of Gustave Courbet, Nicole Georgopulos

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In the spring of 1864, Gustave Courbet returned to his home region of Franche-Comté and painted a series of landscapes that took as their subjects various natural points of origin: grottoes, caves, waterfalls, etc. Through his loose and expressive facture, Courbet renders visible in these landscapes the ongoing becoming of the world, investigating the nature of origination and evolution. Courbet’s interest in such subjects comes just two years after the publication of the French translation of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, which irreversibly unsettled the traditional understanding of humankind’s position within the world. The early years of evolutionary …

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Light-Induced Self-Assembly And Diffusion Of Nanoclusters, Wenxuan Lian Dec 2016

Light-Induced Self-Assembly And Diffusion Of Nanoclusters, Wenxuan Lian

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Novel methods to build multiple types of three-dimensional structures from various nanoscale components are the most exciting and challenging questions in nano-science. The properties of the assembled structures can be potentially and designed, but the development of such approaches is challenging. In order to realize such rational assembly, a tunable interaction medium is often introduced into the system. Soft matter, such as polymers, surfactants and biomolecules are used to modify the surfaces of the nanoscale building blocks. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. There are unique base pairing rules …

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3d Printing Of Metals, Ying Mu Dec 2016

3d Printing Of Metals, Ying Mu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Additive manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing method that produces parts from powders layer by layer. Many techniques have been developed to achieve this. In this thesis, the historical development and general principles of additive manufacturing are covered. The techniques for producing metal parts are explored, with a focus on the defects, processing parameters, mechanical properties and the relationships between them and the influences on each other. The various metal AM techniques are compared with the analysis of their strength, limitations and applicable conditions. The applications and mechanical properties of the most studied metal/alloys is another …

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A Spatio-Temporal Model Of Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Ecology Across The North American Great Plains Throughout The Paleoindian Period: Development Of Biological Theory And Statistical Methods To Link Human Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, And The Archaeological Record, Erikroque Otárola-Castillo Dec 2016

A Spatio-Temporal Model Of Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Ecology Across The North American Great Plains Throughout The Paleoindian Period: Development Of Biological Theory And Statistical Methods To Link Human Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, And The Archaeological Record, Erikroque Otárola-Castillo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Hunter-gatherers spread to nearly every corner of the planet in large part due to their flexible ability to forage for high-quality foods in diverse environments. The study of human foraging behavior is therefore crucial to understanding the proximate and ultimate factors that have shaped human evolutionary history. Although not necessarily in an evolutionary context, the foraging behavior of Paleoindian hunter-gatherers in North America has been studied for over a century. Researchers have paid particular attention to Paleoindian foragers’ hunting of big game across the grasslands of the Great Plains, shedding light on “what†prey Paleoindians foraged, “where†foraging occurred on …

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Molar Topographic Shape As A System For Inferring Functional Morphology And Developmental Patterning In Extant Cercopithecoids, Julia Mackay Winchester Dec 2016

Molar Topographic Shape As A System For Inferring Functional Morphology And Developmental Patterning In Extant Cercopithecoids, Julia Mackay Winchester

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

New imaging technologies are rapidly changing the nature of morphological data by making possible the creation and sharing of large samples of digital scan data, creating a need for high-throughput morphometric methods. A promising example of this can be found in morphological topographic analysis, a suite of algorithms for describing surface shape properties. Topographic methods have been used effectively to address dietary functional morphology of molars in a number of mammal radiations. These methods may be also useful for answering other questions concerning molar shape. Empirical models of mouse molar morphogenesis include predictions concerning molar shape variation that could apply …

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Basic Study On Degradation Of Nhap-Plga-Collagen – A Novel Biopolymer | Basic Study On Degradation Of Nhap-Plga-Collagen €“ A Novel Biopolymer, Liqiang Ren Dec 2016

Basic Study On Degradation Of Nhap-Plga-Collagen – A Novel Biopolymer | Basic Study On Degradation Of Nhap-Plga-Collagen €“ A Novel Biopolymer, Liqiang Ren

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Bone tissue engineering is a rapidly developing field of interest. Bone scaffold materials have several applications of great importance including the fostering of healthy bone tissue and the repair of bone defects both in-vivo and in-vitro. Ideal scaffolds should be biocompatible, biodegradable, and promote cellular interactions and tissue development, and possess proper mechanical and physical properties. nHAP-PLGA-Collagen is a novel synthesized block-polymer which has proved biocompatibility and mechanical properties. This thesis is focused on the degradation-controlling to fulfill the requirement of bone reconstruction and afterward digestion. The research focuses on internal and external factors which have effects on degradation time …

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G-Alpha-Q Regulation On Cardiac Autophagy, Shengnan Liu Dec 2016

G-Alpha-Q Regulation On Cardiac Autophagy, Shengnan Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Receptors that activate the heterotrimeric G protein Gαq are thought to play a role in the development of heart failure. Dysregulation of autophagy occurs in some pathological cardiac conditions including heart failure, but whether Gαq is involved in this process is unknown. A cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic mouse model of inducible Gαq activation (termed GαqQ209L) was used to address this question. Autophagy is a quality control and recycling process in which double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes enclose intracellular materials and send them to lysosomes for degradation. After 7 days of Gαq activation, GαqQ209L hearts contained more autophagic vacuoles than wild type (WT) hearts. …

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Synaptonemal Complex Disassembly Activates Rad51-Mediated Double Strand Break Repair During Budding Yeast Meiosis, Evelyn Joann Prugar Dec 2016

Synaptonemal Complex Disassembly Activates Rad51-Mediated Double Strand Break Repair During Budding Yeast Meiosis, Evelyn Joann Prugar

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Meiosis is a highly conserved specialized cell division that occurs in many organisms, including budding yeast and mammals. Meiosis divides the chromosome number of the cell in half to create gametes for sexual reproduction. A single round of chromosome duplication is followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation, Meiosis I (homologs segregate) and Meiosis II (sister chromatids segregate). Proper segregation at Meiosis I requires that homologs are connected by both crossovers and sister chromatid cohesion. Crossovers are formed by the repair of double strand breaks (DSBs) preferentially by the homolog. The choice of repair template is determined at the time …

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Bet Inhibition Releases The Mediator Complex From Specific Cis Elements In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells, Anand Shripad Bhagwat Dec 2016

Bet Inhibition Releases The Mediator Complex From Specific Cis Elements In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells, Anand Shripad Bhagwat

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of less than 30%. We recently identified the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein Brd4 as a therapeutic target in AML, and several trials are currently evaluating the clinical utility of BET inhibitors for this disease. BET inhibitors displace Brd4 from chromatin and subsequently reduce the expression of key oncogenes, such as Myc, leading to AML blast differentiation and cell death. However, the mechanism by which Brd4 maintains oncogene expression in AML is still unclear. We hypothesized that Brd4 functions by working with other coactivators in AML to …

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Temporal And Spatial Distribution And Abundance Of Fish, Crab, And Zooplankton In The Hudson River Estuary From 1999-2015 Using Trawl And Biological Acoustic Techniques, Maija Liisa Niemisto Dec 2016

Temporal And Spatial Distribution And Abundance Of Fish, Crab, And Zooplankton In The Hudson River Estuary From 1999-2015 Using Trawl And Biological Acoustic Techniques, Maija Liisa Niemisto

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The aquatic biological community of the Hudson River Estuary (HRE) was examined using traditional and novel sampling techniques. A 16-year trawl, seine, and fish trap data set collected aboard the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater and Schooner Mystic Whaler from 1999-2015 was compiled and analyzed. Fish and crab species assemblages, geographic distributions, seasonal patterns, and abundance changes over the study period were analyzed and correlated to environmental conditions and climate variations. A biological acoustic survey of the HRE was conducted from 2013-2015 using a scientific echosounder hull-mounted to the Sloop Clearwater. Fish trawl and zooplankton tow data collected during this time …

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An Ideal Woman: Feminism And Performance, Kristin Nicole Leadbetter Dec 2016

An Ideal Woman: Feminism And Performance, Kristin Nicole Leadbetter

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

An exploration of theatrical history, theory, and technique is a “triumvirate†that can “determine the value of any performance practice for an enlightened theatre†(Gainor 173). My thesis addresses the question of what it means to be a feminist performer, and overall theatre practitioner. Feminist critiques have often attempted to understand a technique best suited for women to practice theatre that is reflective of feminist ideals. My thesis begins by exploring specific examples of female representation in theatre and in society. It covers the patriarchal structure of society, the opinions held about women and their position, and their categorization into …

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Palmitoylation Of The Nmda Receptor And Psd95 Utilizing Phosphopantetheinyl Transferases, Victor Chang Dec 2016

Palmitoylation Of The Nmda Receptor And Psd95 Utilizing Phosphopantetheinyl Transferases, Victor Chang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Signal transduction relies on the proper localization of proteins to properly transfer signals throughout the cell. The cell membrane serves as a vital interface for the proper localization of proteins. Posttranslational modifications cause proteins to become targeted to membranes. One such modification is palmitoylation, the addition of a palmitic acid to a cysteine of a protein. Within the neuron, a large protein complex called the postsynaptic density receives upstream signals at the synapse. Many signaling proteins within the postsynaptic density are known to require palmitoylation for proper trafficking and function. Two such examples are the N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and Post …

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Replacement Of Potassium Chloride By Potassium Glutamate Enhances The In Vitro Proteolytic Activity Of Lon Protease, Poorna Kannan Dec 2016

Replacement Of Potassium Chloride By Potassium Glutamate Enhances The In Vitro Proteolytic Activity Of Lon Protease, Poorna Kannan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Abstract of the Thesis Replacement of Potassium Chloride by Potassium Glutamate Enhances the In Vitro Proteolytic Activity of Lon Protease By Poorna Kannan Master of Science In Biochemistry and Cell Biology Stony Brook University Critical for cell survival, protein quality control and protein turnover are orchestrated by AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteases. In bacteria, Lon protease is one such ATP-dependent enzyme whose function, among others, includes degradation of misfolded proteins (1). In Yersinia pestis Lon protease is central to host invasion and pathogenicity. Among several substrates of Lon is the regulator of virulence A (RovA), a temperature-sensing …

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Functional Consequences Of A Putative Mek1 Phosphorylation Site On Rad17 During Meiosis In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Madeeha Rahat Dec 2016

Functional Consequences Of A Putative Mek1 Phosphorylation Site On Rad17 During Meiosis In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Madeeha Rahat

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division, which produces haploid daughter cells from diploid parental cells. Meiotic recombination is initiated by the introduction of programmed DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which are catalyzed by an evolutionarily conserved, meiosis-specific endonuclease, Spo11. Meiotic cells monitor the repair of Spo11-induced DSBs via the meiotic recombination checkpoint (MRC), which is activated in response to DSBs made during meiotic prophase. The MRC ensures proper repair of DSBs prior to entry into the first meiotic division. The Mec1 checkpoint kinase is recruited to resected DSBs via the 9-1-1 complex containing Rad17, Mec3 and Ddc1. Mec1 …

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Topics In Yeast Sporulation, Patrick Singer Dec 2016

Topics In Yeast Sporulation, Patrick Singer

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Yeast sporulation is the process by which yeast cells under limiting nutrient conditions are able to alter their nuclear division cycle from mitotic division to meiotic division, resulting in development of up to 4 spores per diploid cell. Spores are a hardy cell type that can survive until nutrient conditions improve. Under particularly severe conditions, sporulating cells only produce 2 spores, in an arrangement known as a non-sister dyad (NSD). NSDs contain the two spores with the youngest spindle pole bodies (SPBs), which are produced in meiosis II. The SPBs are the central nucleating point of prospore membranes. A scaffolding …

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Role Of Runt, Even-Skipped, And Odd-Paired In Regulating Enhancer Activity In The Drosophila Embryo, Michael Luis Higgins Dec 2016

Role Of Runt, Even-Skipped, And Odd-Paired In Regulating Enhancer Activity In The Drosophila Embryo, Michael Luis Higgins

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The Drosophila runt gene is the founding member of the RUNX transcription factor family, a group of conserved genes that have vital roles in multiple developmental pathways throughout the animal kingdom. Runt plays important roles in segmentation, as well as in neurogenesis and sex determination in the Drosophila embryo. As a transcription factor, Runt is both an activator and a repressor of its target genes depending on the context. Sloppy-paired (slp1) is a target of runt’s activity as a pair-rule transcription factor in the segmentation pathway that is both activated and repressed by Runt. Two cis-regulatory enhancers of slp1, a …

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Investigating The Roles Of P53 Stability And Its Interactions With Chaperone Proteins During Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, Ivan Lebedev Dec 2016

Investigating The Roles Of P53 Stability And Its Interactions With Chaperone Proteins During Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, Ivan Lebedev

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Tissue necrosis as a consequence of ischemia-reperfusion injury and oxidative damage is a leading cause of permanent disability and death worldwide. The complete mechanism by which cells undergo necrosis upon oxidative stress is not understood. In response to an oxidative insult, wildtype p53 has been implicated as a central regulatory component of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT), triggering necrosis. This process is associated with cellular stabilization and translocation of p53 into the mitochondrial matrix. I explore the mechanism by which p53 activates the key mPT regulator cyclophilin D (CypD); how the stability of p53 affects its ability to interact with …

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The Contribution Of Bone Marrow Cells To The Formation Of Bone, Fat, And Muscle, A Commitment Disrupted By Systemic Distress And Normalized By Mechanical Stimulation, Danielle Frechette Dec 2016

The Contribution Of Bone Marrow Cells To The Formation Of Bone, Fat, And Muscle, A Commitment Disrupted By Systemic Distress And Normalized By Mechanical Stimulation, Danielle Frechette

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In excess, adipogenesis and adiposity can compromise the quality of the musculoskeletal system, disrupt progenitor cell populations, and increase susceptibility to diabetes. The extent to which muscle and bone tissue are impaired by obesity-related pathologies is not clear. Additionally, while fat, bone, and muscle are distinct tissue systems, the degree to which bone marrow cells contribute to the fat/muscle phenotype in the pre-obese state is yet to be elucidated. To combat obesity, exercise is a common treatment modality that is anabolic to bone and muscle and catabolic to fat. However, compliance is low, obese patients may be unable to exercise …

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Biocompatibility And Bioactivity Of One- And Two-Dimensional Nanoparticle Reinforced Polymeric Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineering Applications, Jason Thomas Rashkow Dec 2016

Biocompatibility And Bioactivity Of One- And Two-Dimensional Nanoparticle Reinforced Polymeric Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineering Applications, Jason Thomas Rashkow

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Limitations associated with current bone grafting techniques utilizing autologous or allogeneic bone have led to an increase in bone tissue engineering strategies. The ideal scheme of repairing a bone defect is to employ a material that can act as a scaffold and assist regeneration of native tissue in the area. Although biodegradable polymers fulfill many of the requirements for synthetic bone grafts, a major limitation is poor integrity under load bearing conditions prompting investigation of nanoparticle-reinforced biodegradable polymer nanocomposites. Recently, incorporation of 0.2 wt% of two-dimensional organic nanostructures (graphene nanoribbons (GONRs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GONPs)) and one- and two-dimensional inorganic …

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Meld Application On Refining Dock Results, Cong Liu Dec 2016

Meld Application On Refining Dock Results, Cong Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In order to bridge the computational gap between DOCK and MD-based methods, a pipeline was designed to combine external information derived from DOCK with replica exchange molecular dynamics using MELD, an algorithm recently developed by our lab. Our goal was to predict the lowest free energy binding pose within the DOCK ensemble, therefore enabling us to refine DOCK results in cases where the correct structure is incorrectly scored. Our method was tested on 8 such ‘scoring failures’ found in the DOCK database SB2012. Three protocols of extracting structural information from DOCK ensembles were designed and tested. Crystal-like poses were correctly …

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Synthesizing Nanomaterials For Energy Applications: Probing Activity As A Function Of Composition, Morphology And Purity To Address Key Issues Associated With Fuel Cells And Li-Ion Batteries, Megan E. Scofield Dec 2016

Synthesizing Nanomaterials For Energy Applications: Probing Activity As A Function Of Composition, Morphology And Purity To Address Key Issues Associated With Fuel Cells And Li-Ion Batteries, Megan E. Scofield

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

With the growing need to find alternative clean energy sources to fossil fuels, research into developing efficient fuel cells and batteries stands at the forefront of this grand effort. However, before mass commercialization, fundamental key issues need to be addressed. For example, fuel cells are subject to high catalyst costs and poor durability of the underlying carbon support. As a way to alleviate these issues, we have synthesized ultrathin one-dimensional (1D) alloy nanowires to probe the effect of composition, purity, and one-dimensionality upon the observed overall activity, performance, and durability. In terms of chemical composition, crystalline ultrathin PtM alloy nanowires …

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