Digital Commons Network^™

Spontaneous Ileostomy Closure, Sandro Contini

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Write Free Or Die: Vol. 03, No. 01, Unh Writing Programs

Writing Program Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Infant Formula Feeding At Birth Is Common And Inversely Associated With Subsequent Breastfeeding Behavior In Vietnam, Tuan T. Nguyen, Mellissa Withers, Nemat Hajeebhoy, Edward A. Frongillo

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The association between infant formula feeding at birth and subsequent feeding patterns in a low- or middle-income context is not clear. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of infant formula feeding during the first 3 d after birth with subsequent infant formula feeding and early breastfeeding cessation in Vietnam. METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey, we interviewed 10,681 mothers with children aged 0-23 mo (mean age: 8.2 mo; 52% boys) about their feeding practices during the first 3 d after birth and on the previous day. We used stratified analysis, multiple logistic regression, propensity score-matching analysis, and structural equation modeling to …

Study On Appropriate Methods For Extraction Of Antioxidant Compounds From Black Glutinous Rice, Chalerm Jansom, Ekasith Skulkhu, Vanida Jansom Jansom, Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon, Kornkarn Bhamarapravati

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Introduction: Black glutinous rice has high chemical constituents and antioxidant compounds. This research aimed to determine appropriate extraction method of black glutinous rice for highest antioxidant compounds of the crude extract. The method was considered on low cost, safety and efficiency condition.

Method: Black glutinous rice was extracted with 12 solvents. Total phenolic compound, total monomeric anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside and antioxidant activities determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay of the crude extracts were measured.

Result: The extraction with 1%hydrochloric acid (1%HCl) in 95%ethanol and 10%HCl in 95%ethanol were significantly highest chemical constituents and antioxidant activities. This solvent (1%HCI in 95%ethanol) …

Talin2-Mediated Traction Force Drives Matrix Degradation And Cell Invasion, Lei Qi, Naser Jafari, Xiang Li, Zaozao Chen, Liqing Li, Vesa P. Hytönen, Benjamin T. Goult, Chang-Guo Zhan, Cai Huang

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Talin binds to β-integrin tails to activate integrins, regulating cell migration, invasion and metastasis. There are two talin genes, TLN1 and TLN2, encoding talin1 and talin2, respectively. Talin1 regulates focal adhesion dynamics, cell migration and invasion, whereas the biological function of talin2 is not clear and, indeed, talin2 has been presumed to function redundantly with talin1. Here, we show that talin2 has a much stronger binding to β-integrin tails than talin1. Replacement of talin2 Ser339 with Cys significantly decreased its binding to β1-integrin tails to a level comparable to that of talin1. Talin2 localizes at invadopodia and is indispensable …

Stable Engraftment Of Bifidobacterium Longum Ah1206 In The Human Gut Depends On Individualized Features Of The Resident Microbiome, María X. Maldonado-Gómez, Inés Martínez, Francesca Bottacini, Amy O’Callaghan, Marco Ventura, Douwe Van Sinderen, Benjamin Hillmann, Pajau Vangay, Dan Knights, Robert W. Hutkins, Jens Walter

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Live bacteria (such as probiotics) have long been used to modulate gut microbiota and human physiology, but their colonization is mostly transient. Conceptual understanding of the ecological principles as they apply to exogenously introduced microbes in gut ecosystems is lacking. We find that, when orally administered to humans, Bifidobacterium longum AH1206 stably persists in the gut of 30% of individuals for at least 6 months without causing gastrointestinal symptoms or impacting the composition of the resident gut microbiota. AH1206 engraftment was associated with low abundance of resident B. longum and underrepresentation of specific carbohydrate utilization genes in the pre-treatment microbiome. …

Comparison Of Hermetic Storage Of Wheat With Traditional Storage Methods In India, Pavel Somavat, Haibo Huang, Sunil Kumar, Mukesh K. Garg, Mary-Grace C. Danao, Vijay Singh, Marvin R. Paulsen, Kent D. Rausch

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

India is among the countries experiencing high postharvest losses. Four hermetic bags, two metallic bins, and two gunny bag (also known as jute or burlap bag) piles each containing 1 tonne of wheat were instrumented with temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide sensors. Representative samples from each structure were collected each month and tests for moisture, germination, insect-damaged grain, and milling yield were performed. After nine months, wheat stored in hermetic bags had higher germination (87%) and lower insect-damaged grain percentages (0% to 0.33% with a mean value of 0.2%). Hermetic bags with deliberately introduced Rhyzopertha dominica successfully eliminated the …

Primary Experience Of Bariatric Surgery In A Newly Established Private Obesity Center, Haider Al-Shurafa, Ahmed H. Elzaafarany, Ali Albenmousa, Mona G. Balata

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the outcomes of different types of bariatric surgeries in a single newly established private obesity center. Methods: Retrospectively, we included patients who were entered in the registry for bariatric surgeries in the Obesity Unit, Riyadh National Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2013 and September 2014, and completed one year of follow up. Baseline characteristics, percent excess weight loss, and safety data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 79 patients were included. Based on the type of surgery, patients were divided into 3 groups: laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), laparoscopic minigastric bypass (MGBP), and laparoscopic …

The Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap For Reconstruction Of Sacral Sores, Weijian Chen, Bo Jiang, Jiaju Zhao, Peiji Wang

Saudi Medical Journal

This report describes our experiences using the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flaps for reconstruction of 2 sacral sore cases. A 47-year-old female patient and a 38-year-old man with sacral sores were treated in our unit. The size of the defects were approximately 5×6 cm 2 and 8×9 cm 2 , the defects were repaired by SGAP flaps. The size of designed was SGAP flaps varied from 7×20 to 9×16 cm 2 . All flaps survived and healed primary, the texture, functions, and appearance of flaps were satisfactory, and also without region dysfunction of donor and recipient sites. The SGAP …

The Saudi Clinical Practice Guideline For The Management Of Overweight And Obesity In Adults, Assim A. Alfadda, Madhawi M. Al-Dhwayan, Abdulhameed A. Alharbi, Nawal M. Al-Qahtani, Saad H. Alzahrani, Wedad M. Bardisi, Reem M. Sallam, John J. Riva, Jan L. Brożek, Holger J. Schünemann, Ainsley Moore

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To assist healthcare providers in evidence-based clinical decision-making for the management of overweight and obese adults in Saudi Arabia. Methods: The Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia assembled an expert Saudi panel to produce this clinical practice guideline in 2015. In collaboration with the methodological working group from McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, which describes both the strength of recommendation and the quality of evidence Results: After identifying 11 questions, corresponding recommendations were agreed upon as guidance for the management of overweight and obese adults. These included …

Assessing The Archaeoparasitological Potential Of Quids As A Source Material For Immunodiagnostic Analyses, Johnica J. Morrow, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

In the present study, quids from La Cueva de los Muertos Chiquitos (CMC) were subjected to ELISA tests for 2 protozoan parasites, Toxoplasma gondii (n=45) and Trypanosoma cruzi (n=43). The people who occupied CMC, the Loma San Gabriel, lived throughout much of present-day Durango and Zacatecas in Mexico. The known pathoecology of these people puts them into at-risk categories for the transmission of T. gondii and T. cruzi. Human antibodies created in response to these 2 parasites can be detected in modern saliva using ELISA kits intended for use with human serum. For these reasons, quids were reconstituted and …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated With Better Executive Function In Young Women, Samuel P. Scott, Mary Jane De Souza, Karsten Koehler, Dylan L. Petkus, Laura E. Murray-Kolb

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Purpose: A positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognitive function has been demonstrated mainly in children and older adults. Women attending college live in a cognitively demanding setting where optimal cognition matters but often experience declines in CRF. Our aim was to test whether CRF is associated with executive function in young adult women.

Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study included 120 healthy women age 18–35 yr in a university setting. Each woman completed a maximal treadmill-based exercise test to determine peak oxygen uptake (V˙O_2peak), computerized tests of executive function, and questionnaires to assess motivation …

Redefining Our Territory: Reaching Pre-Matriculation Students With Case-Based, Online Instruction, Cynthia M. Schmidt, Teresa Hartman

Posters and Presentations: Leon S. McGoogan Health Sciences Library

Online educational tools have made it possible for our library to claim some educational territory that was previously unavailable to us, the pre-matriculation period. During the summer of 2015 we were able to add a two-part, case-based, online tutorial to our incoming medical students’ pre-matriculation materials. We created the story of Sarah Pilger, a hypothetical, obese, pregnant teenager whose pregnancy is complicated by a fetal toxoplasmosis. The case introduces the incoming students to almost all the resources they might want to use while enrolled at UNMC and also introduces students to the roles of the many healthcare professionals who are …

Fungi In The Healthy Human Gastrointestinal Tract, Heather E. Hallen-Adams, Mallory J. Suhr

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Many species of fungi have been detected in the healthy human gut; however, nearly half of all taxa reported have only been found in one sample or one study. Fungi capable of growing in and colonizing the gut are limited to a small number of species, mostly Candida yeasts and yeasts in the family Dipodascaceae (Galactomyces, Geotrichum, Saprochaete). Malassezia and the filamentous fungus Cladosporium are potential colonizers; more work is needed to clarify their role. Other commonly-detected fungi come from the diet or environment but either cannot or do not colonize (Penicillium and Debaryomyces species, which are …

Health Care, The Arab Spring And After, Sonia Alianak

Political Science Faculty Publications

This study analyzes the effect of health care on Middle Eastern countries on the eve of and soon after the Arab Spring. It posits that countries that were most stable were the healthiest ones; countries which underwent revolutions were the unhealthiest ones; whereas countries that settled for reforms were moderate in health. It presents a hypothesis, the Inverted Funnel Model Hypothesis, that states that as the level of health care of a country rises so does its stability, which in turn leads to better health care as if down an inverted funnel to hypothetical maximums of both health care and …

Free Speech And Civil Liberties In The Second Circuit, Floyd Abrams

Fordham Law Review

Much of the development of First Amendment law in the United States has occurred as a result of American courts rejecting well-established principles of English law. The U.S. Supreme Court has frequently rejected English law, permitting far more public criticism of the judiciary than would be countenanced in England, rejecting English libel law as being insufficiently protective of freedom of expression and holding that even hateful speech directed at minorities receives the highest level of constitutional protection. The Second Circuit has played a major role in the movement away from the strictures of the law as it existed in the …

Anger Management Program Participants Gain Behavioral Changes In Interpersonal Relationships, Suzanne Pish, Teresa Clark-Jones, Cheryl Eschbach, Holly Tiret

Journal of Extension

RELAX: Alternatives to Anger is an educational anger management program that helps adults understand and manage anger, develop communication skills, manage stress, and make positive behavioral changes in their interpersonal relationships. A sample of 1,168 evaluation surveys were collected from RELAX: Alternatives to Anger participants over 3 program years (2013–2015). A dependent t-test on the mean composite scores for the group and calculation of individual preprogram-to-postprogram change scores showed that the program was effective overall. The RELAX: Alternatives to Anger curriculum is appropriate for workplace wellness programs, Extension programming for audiences such as farm families and 4-H volunteers, and Extension …

Peri-Operative Determinants Of Prolonged Cicu Stay After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery In Elderly At A Private Tertiary Care Hospital: A Case Control Study, Fazal Khan, Shiraz Hashmi, Syed Saad Naeem,, Benish Fatima, Hashim Hanif, Mubashir Zareen Khan, Saulat Hasnain Fatimi

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To explore peri-operative risk factors associated with prolonged stay in cardiac intensive care unit among patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting.

METHODS:

This retrospective case control study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, comprised medical records of patients who had undergone cardiothoracic revascularisation surgery from January 2006 to December 2013. The patients were grouped into cases and controls at a ratio of 1:2 on the basis of length of stay at cardiac intensive care unit, i.e. >72 hours andanalysis.

RESULTS:

Of the 999 patients, 333(33.3%) were cases and 666(66.6%) were controls. The mean age …

The Meaning Of Fast Food To Those Experiencing Homelessness: A Phenomenology, Kari R. Gottfried

Senior Honors Theses

The following study was conducted to evaluate and better understand the attitudes and perceptions those experiencing homelessness have toward fast food. While previous research has studied those experiencing homelessness and their consumption of fast food, little to no research has been done to qualitatively assess what they think about fast food. This study was a qualitative phenomenology conducted through interviews with nineteen adults currently experiencing homelessness in a medium-sized city in the Mid-Atlantic U.S. Some insights those experiencing homelessness had toward fast food focused on the topics of health, cost, availability, necessity, and experience. Implications of this study include a …

Unlv Magazine, Holly Ivy Devore, Sara Gorgon, Nancy Hardy, Jorge Labrador, Matt Jacob, Greg Lacour, Mike Kalil, Aaron Mayes, Chris Morris, Raegen Pietrucha, Chris Scavone, Keyonna Summers, T.R. Witcher

UNLV Magazine

No abstract provided.

Give A Man A Fish: A Narrative Approach To A Case Study Of Soup Kitchens In The Wentworth Community, Evelyn Shen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study uses a narrative approach to explore the role of soup kitchens in the predominantly Coloured and English-speaking Wentworth community. Many of the community’s churches1 and non-profit organizations host soup kitchens regularly, rotating so that there is a meal available each day of the week.

Qualitative data was gathered through volunteering with the soup kitchens as a participant observer and having conversations and open-ended interviews with soup kitchen guests and hosts. Institutional context was provided by interviews with the Convener of the War Room and the Ward Councillor, and representatives of three non-profits in the community. In order to …

“Always A Double-Edged Sword”: How Women And Health Care Providers Navigate Issues Of Contraception In Differing Senegalese Communities, Angelina Strohbach

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This paper examines how women and health care providers in two distinct Senegalese settings—Dakar and Mouit, a village located within the Gandiol region-- navigate contraception as both a social and medical good. Contraception is an invaluable tool in terms of advancing women’s right to reproductive health, but major discrepancies in its usage exist across a variety of social lines in Senegal, including level of education, marital status, occupation, age, and living in a rural versus urban setting. What socially constructed thought processes and lived experiences contribute to these discrepancies? In a cultural context heavily based upon tradition and Islamic faith, …

Benthic Algae And Diatom Communities In Seagrass Meadows Under Three Different Human Impact Regimes In Bocas Del Toro, Panamá, Averyl Cheng

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In Bocas del Toro, Panamá, widespread tourism has been the main source of revenue and has become an increasing threat to seagrass meadows and the organisms they support. This study aimed to investigate and describe algae and diatom communities under three different regimes of anthropogenic disturbance: high, medium and low human impact. The biodiversity was analyzed by measuring the algae and diatom assemblages with Shannon-Weiner’s Biodiversity Index, Evenness Index and Sorensen’s coefficient. The data obtained from these three diversity indices were compared to the areas along an anthropogenic disturbance gradient of high, medium and low impact. A total of 12 …

Influence Of Thermosonication On Geobacillus Stearothermophilus Inactivation In Skim Milk, Nicola F. Beatty, M. K. Walsh

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The influence of high intensity ultrasound coupled with thermoprocessing on the inactivation of Geobacillus stearothermophilus vegetative cells and spores in skim milk powder was explored using response surface methodology and two polynomial models were developed. Optimization of cell reduction (4.8 log) was found to be at 19.75% total solids (TS), 45 °C, and 30 s, while optimization of spore reduction (0.45 log) was found to be at 31.5% TS, 67.5 °C, and 17.5 s. Model verification experiments were performed using common milk powder processing conditions. Results showed the inactivation of cells and spores to be most effective before (9.2% TS, …

The Aging Neuromuscular System And Motor Performance, Sandra K. Hunter, Hugo M. Pereira, Kevin Keenan

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Age-related changes in the basic functional unit of the neuromuscular system, the motor unit, and its neural inputs have a profound effect on motor function, especially among the expanding number of old (older than ∼60 yr) and very old (older than ∼80 yr) adults. This review presents evidence that age-related changes in motor unit morphology and properties lead to impaired motor performance that includes 1) reduced maximal strength and power, slower contractile velocity, and increased fatigability; and 2) increased variability during and between motor tasks, including decreased force steadiness and increased variability of contraction velocity and torque over …

Design, Implementation And Evaluation Of A Game-Based Intervention Targeting Latino Children For Improving Obesity Outcomes, Ashish Amresh, Rahul Salla, Madhumita Sinha, Rebecca Birr

Publications

This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a hybrid clinic plus home based intervention targeting Latino children to improve obesity outcomes. The intervention applies motivational game based learning and behavior change theories during design. Latino American children are the main target group for this study as they have significantly high obesity rates due to socio-economic conditions and lack of awareness. There have been several interventions that have targeted game based strategies in the clinic to promote health outcomes and some have even targeted obesity problems, however to our knowledge this is the first effort that adds an inhome …

Ox-Ldl, Lysophospatidy Choline Platelet Activating Factor, Il-6 Expression Level And Foam Cell Number With Darappabdib Treatment In Early Development Of Atherosclerosis: In Vivo Study For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Model, Teuku Heriansyah, Bambang Budi Siswanto, Anwar Santoso, Djanggan Sargowo

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Background: Insulin resistance in type 2 Diabetes Melitus (T2DM) is an extensive tissue damage condition due to vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. Lp-PLA2 has an antiinflammatory role as it hydrolyze atherogenesis mediators such as ox-LDL and platelet activating factor (PAF) and produces lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and oxidized fatty acid that have pro-inflammatory, proliferative and pro-atherogenic effect. Methods and results: This study aimed to discover the expression of ox-LDL level, LysoPC, PAF, IL-6 and foam cell numbers in aorta of T2DM in vivo model with darapladib treatment. True experimental laboratory and only post test with control group design using 30 Spraque Dowley …

Recent Strategies To Improve Community Case Management Of Diarrhea Among Children Under Five In Developing Countries, Fauziah Rabbani, Aysha Zahidie

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Availability, Affordability, And Consumption Of Fruits And Vegetables In 18 Countries Across Income Levels: Findings From The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (Pure) Study., Victoria Miller, Salim Yusuf, Clara K. Chow, Mahshid Dehgha, Daniel J. Corsi, Karen Lock, Barry Popkin, Sumathy Rangarajan, Rasha Khatib, Scott A. Lear, Prem Mony, Manmeet Kaur, Viswanathan Mohan, Krishnapillai Vijayakumar, Rajeev Gupta, Annamarie Kruger, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Noushin Mohammadifard, Omar Rahman, Annika Rosengren, Alvaro Avezum, Andrés Orlandini, Noorhassim Ismail, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Kubilay Karsidag, Romaina Iqbal, Jephat Chifamba, Solange Martinez Oakley, Farnaza Ariffin, Katarzyna Zatonska, Paul Poirier, Li Wei, Bo Jian, Chen Hui, Liuxu Xu, Bai Xiulin, Koon Teo, Andrew Mente

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

Several international guidelines recommend the consumption of two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day, but their intake is thought to be low worldwide. We aimed to determine the extent to which such low intake is related to availability and affordability.

METHODS:

We assessed fruit and vegetable consumption using data from country-specific, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, which enrolled participants from communities in 18 countries between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2013. We documented household income data from participants in these communities; we also recorded the diversity …

Enrollment Report, Fall 2016, Planning, Research, And Policy Analysis

Enrollment Reports (2004-2019)

Enrollment Report for Fall 2016 for Illinois State University