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2016

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The Role The N-Terminal Domain Plays In Spidroin Assembly, Krystal Audrey Cadle Aug 2016

The Role The N-Terminal Domain Plays In Spidroin Assembly, Krystal Audrey Cadle

All Dissertations

One of the most interesting biomaterials known to man is spider silk. These fibers, composed primarily of protein, show beneficial mechanical and biological properties that have many uses in medical and industrial fields. Spider silk proteins (spidroins) are composed of three core components that consists of a C-terminal domain (CTD), repeat domain (R), and N-terminal domain (NTD). The NTD and CTD are highly conserved and are believed to form “multimeric strands” that make up spider silk. Although it is known that the NTD undergoes a conformational change that results in stable homodimer formation at acidic pH , the way in …

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Ruminant Supplementation Of Gluconeogenic Substrates Via Drinking Water, Gabriela Volpi-Lagreca Aug 2016

Ruminant Supplementation Of Gluconeogenic Substrates Via Drinking Water, Gabriela Volpi-Lagreca

All Dissertations

Dark cutting or high pH meat is found in all meat species, inducing significant losses to the meat industry. Dark cutting meat is a direct consequence of low muscle glycogen at slaughter, which affects the normal acidification of meat during rigor development, hence, the ultimate pH remains high. The ultimate pH of the meat has a great influence on certain meat quality parameters, such as color, water holding capacity, and tenderness. An animal exposed to stress previous to slaughter may significantly depletes its glycogen reserves. This situation leads to a high ultimate pH if the animal is slaughtered before it …

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Tackling Adverse Environment—Molecular Mechanism Of Plant Stress Response And Biotechnology Tool Development, Ning Yuan Aug 2016

Tackling Adverse Environment—Molecular Mechanism Of Plant Stress Response And Biotechnology Tool Development, Ning Yuan

All Dissertations

Abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, salt, nutrition starvation, and pathogen infection are major factors threatening our agricultural production. With the rapidly increasing population and limited arable land area, genetic engineering of crops for new products with more stable and higher yield than conventional cultivars under adverse environment provides a powerful new tool for use in developing novel GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) to feed the large population in the immediate future. To develop novel GMOs with enhanced performance under adverse conditions, we need first to understand molecular mechanisms underlying plant stress response. To better understand how signaling transduction pathway …

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Characterization Of The Role Of Host And Dietary Factors In The Establishment Of Bacteria In The Gastrointestinal Tract, Janina A. Krumbeck Aug 2016

Characterization Of The Role Of Host And Dietary Factors In The Establishment Of Bacteria In The Gastrointestinal Tract, Janina A. Krumbeck

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Probiotic bacteria and synbiotics are used as therapeutic and prophylactic agents. The majority of probiotic and synbiotic applications contain bacterial strains that are allochthonous to the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Accordingly, many bacterial strains do not survive digestion, or are not capable of persisting and competing the resident gut microbiota, and are therefore washed out of the GI tract shortly after the treatment is discontinued. This might reduce the health effects of these treatments. Therefore, research is needed to address the ecological challenges that probiotic strains encounter in the GI tract in order to develop probiotic regimens. Determining which ecological …

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Mitigating The Effects Of Test Anxiety Through A Relaxation Technique Called Sensory Activation, Marylynne Abbott Aug 2016

Mitigating The Effects Of Test Anxiety Through A Relaxation Technique Called Sensory Activation, Marylynne Abbott

Dissertations

Test anxiety is a phenomenon which has been researched for decades. Student performance, goal attainment, and personal lives are all negatively affected by the multiple factors of test anxiety. This quantitative study was designed to determine if a particular relaxation technique, called sensory activation, could mitigate the symptoms and effects of test anxiety. The Test and Anxiety Examination Measure, developed by Brooks, Alshafei, and Taylor (2015), was used to measure test anxiety levels before and after implementation of the sensory activation relaxation technique. Two research questions guided the study using not only the overall test anxiety score from the Test …

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Inventory Less Sales Equals Scrap: Legal Education's Largest Laguna, Kevin Conboy Aug 2016

Inventory Less Sales Equals Scrap: Legal Education's Largest Laguna, Kevin Conboy

Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law

No abstract provided.

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Emotion Regulation During Threat: Parsing The Time Course And Consequences Of Safety Signal Processing, Kathryn R. Hefner, Edelyn Verona, John J. Curtin Aug 2016

Emotion Regulation During Threat: Parsing The Time Course And Consequences Of Safety Signal Processing, Kathryn R. Hefner, Edelyn Verona, John J. Curtin

Psychology Faculty Publications

Improved understanding of fear inhibition processes can inform the etiology and treatment of anxiety disorders. Safety signals can reduce fear to threat, but precise mechanisms remain unclear. Safety signals may acquire attentional salience and affective properties (e.g., relief) independent of the threat; alternatively, safety signals may only hold affective value in the presence of simultaneous threat. To clarify such mechanisms, an experimental paradigm assessed independent processing of threat and safety cues. Participants viewed a series of red and green words from two semantic categories. Shocks were administered following red words (cue+). No shocks followed green words (cue‐). Words from one …

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“His Wrists Were Too Small”: School Resource Officers And The Over-Criminalization Of America’S Students, Lauren A. Maddox Aug 2016

“His Wrists Were Too Small”: School Resource Officers And The Over-Criminalization Of America’S Students, Lauren A. Maddox

University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Induction Of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Retinal Stem Cells In Vitro Using Transient Overexpression Of Messenger Rna For Blimp, Onecut1 And Otx2, Helen Cifuentes Aug 2016

Induction Of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Retinal Stem Cells In Vitro Using Transient Overexpression Of Messenger Rna For Blimp, Onecut1 And Otx2, Helen Cifuentes

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

No abstract available

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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Gene Electrotransfer Promotes Angiogenesis In A Porcine Model Of Cardiac Ischemia, Anna A. Bulysheva, Barbara Hargrave, Nina Burcus, Cathryn G. Lundberg, Len Murray, Richard Heller Aug 2016

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Gene Electrotransfer Promotes Angiogenesis In A Porcine Model Of Cardiac Ischemia, Anna A. Bulysheva, Barbara Hargrave, Nina Burcus, Cathryn G. Lundberg, Len Murray, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

This study aimed to assess safety and therapeutic potential of gene electrotransfer (GET) as a method for delivery of plasmid encoding vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) to ischemic myocardium in a porcine model. Myocardial ischemia was induced by surgically occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery in swine. GET following plasmid encoding VEGF-A injection was performed at four sites in the ischemic region. Control groups either received injections of the plasmid without electrotransfer or injections of the saline vehicle. Animals were monitored for 7 weeks and the hearts were evaluated for angiogenesis, myocardial infarct size and left ventricular contractility. …

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Fanfiction Communities And Plagiarism: An Academic Inquiry, Claudia I. Hicks Aug 2016

Fanfiction Communities And Plagiarism: An Academic Inquiry, Claudia I. Hicks

Honors Theses

Fanfiction communities give would-be authors a place to practice their craft. This study focused on how fanfiction community members defined and policed plagiarism. The aim of this study was to conduct qualitative analysis of plagiarism cases in online fanfiction communities. The data sources were analyzed using Grounded Theory. Analysis found that fanfiction communities use certain protocols to police plagiarism except when it violates their highest value, popularity. This study contributes to our understanding of plagiarism in a digital age.

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Diabetes, Insulin Secretion, And Beta Cell Function, Jeffery Tessem Aug 2016

Diabetes, Insulin Secretion, And Beta Cell Function, Jeffery Tessem

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

The intricate processes of nutrient metabolism and their biochemical pathways are fundamental to understanding human physiology and health. This research focuses on exploring the biochemical mechanisms underlying nutrient metabolism and how deviations in these processes can lead to metabolic disorders and associated human diseases.

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Validation Of Reference Genes For Robust Qrt-Pcr Gene Expression Analysis In The Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe Oryzae, Sarena Che Omar, Michael A. Bentley, Giulia Morieri, Gail M. Preston, Sarah J. Gurr, Richard Wilson (Editor) Aug 2016

Validation Of Reference Genes For Robust Qrt-Pcr Gene Expression Analysis In The Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe Oryzae, Sarena Che Omar, Michael A. Bentley, Giulia Morieri, Gail M. Preston, Sarah J. Gurr, Richard Wilson (Editor)

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The rice blast fungus causes significant annual harvest losses. It also serves as a genetically- tractable model to study fungal ingress. Whilst pathogenicity determinants have been unmasked and changes in global gene expression described, we know little about Magnaporthe oryzae cell wall remodelling. Our interests, in wall remodelling genes expressed during infection, vegetative growth and under exogenous wall stress, demand robust choice of reference genes for quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR) data normalisation. We describe the expression stability of nine candidate reference genes profiled by qRT-PCR with cDNAs derived during asexual germling development, from sexual stage perithecia and from vegetative mycelium …

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Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du Aug 2016

Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society Key points: Maternal obesity reduces adipogenic progenitor density in offspring adipose tissue. The ability of adipose tissue expansion in the offspring of obese mothers is limited and is associated with metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissue when challenged with a high-fat diet. Maternal obesity induces DNA demethylation in the promoter of zinc finger protein 423, which renders progenitor cells with a high adipogenic capacity. Maternal obesity demonstrates long-term effects on the adipogenic capacity of progenitor cells in offspring adipose tissue, demonstrating a developmental programming effect. Abstract: Maternal obesity …

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Frac To The Future: The Application Of The Sdwa To Biodiesel Use In Hydraulic Fracturing, Daniel Alcanzare Aug 2016

Frac To The Future: The Application Of The Sdwa To Biodiesel Use In Hydraulic Fracturing, Daniel Alcanzare

LSU Journal of Energy Law and Resources

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Position-Dependent Luminescent Sensors: Spectral Rulers And Chemical Sensing Through Tissue, Melissa M. Rogalski Aug 2016

Development Of Position-Dependent Luminescent Sensors: Spectral Rulers And Chemical Sensing Through Tissue, Melissa M. Rogalski

All Dissertations

Assessing the performance of medical devices is critical for understanding device function and monitoring pathologies. With the use of a smart device clinically relevant chemical and mechanical information regarding fracture healing may be deduced. For example, strain on the device may be used as a mechanical indicator of weight-bearing capacity. In addition, changes in chemical environment may indicate the development of implant associated infections. Although optical methods are widely used for ex vivostrain/motion analysis and for chemical analyses in cells and histological tissue sections, there utility is limited through thick tissue because light scattering reduces spatial resolution. This dissertation presents …

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Targeted Nano-Therapeutices For The Reversal Of Calcification And Ecm Degradation In Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Nasim Nosoudi Aug 2016

Targeted Nano-Therapeutices For The Reversal Of Calcification And Ecm Degradation In Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Nasim Nosoudi

All Dissertations

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is focal ballooning and dilation of abdominal aorta. AAAs are the 13th primary cause of death in the US, taking the lives of approximately 15,000 Americans each year 1. The best prevention of AAA is early detection when the AAA is smaller than 3 cm. The only current treatment option for well-developed AAA is surgical repair of the aneurysmal vessel. Since the enactment of the Screening Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Very Efficiently Act (SAAVE) act, patients with Medicare are covered for one-time ultrasound imaging for aneurysm, which allows smaller scale AAAs to be discovered. Unfortunately, after this …

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Molecular Mechanics Studies Of Protein Signaling And Conformation Change, Zhe Jia Aug 2016

Molecular Mechanics Studies Of Protein Signaling And Conformation Change, Zhe Jia

All Dissertations

Physiology signals can be passed by proteins. Many protein signaling starts from ligand binding and undergoes conformation change of the receptors. Many cellular surface receptor proteins contain a Von Willebrand factor (vWF), which is a large multimeric glycoprotein present in blood plasma. This dissertation employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to investigate the binding and signaling process of several vWF type A proteins. Chapter 2 discussed the potential errors modeling and MD sampling methods, and evaluated the accuracy and precision of free energy calculation. An optimized sampling strategy was established to obtain the best computational efficiency. The strategy can be applied …

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Editorial: Learn, By Listening To The Child In Neoliberal Schools, Debbie Sonu, Julie Gorlewski, Daniel Vallée Aug 2016

Editorial: Learn, By Listening To The Child In Neoliberal Schools, Debbie Sonu, Julie Gorlewski, Daniel Vallée

Publications and Research

This Special Issue for the Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies emerged out of a disappointed search for literature on the experiences of neoliberal education as spoken by children and youth. While there is no shortage of work on the reverberations of market ideology within the structures, policies, and practices of schooling in the United States, an overwhelming majority of this is discussed through the reflective hindsight of the adult. Thus, we as editors, purposefully designed this issue to address the marginalization of a constituency who we believe can illuminate the state of schooling in ways that we as adults …

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Building Principals’ Self-Efficacy Regarding Their Ability To Supervise Special Education Programing And Staff, Candida J. Marek Aug 2016

Building Principals’ Self-Efficacy Regarding Their Ability To Supervise Special Education Programing And Staff, Candida J. Marek

Masters Theses

This study uses quantitative data analysis to reveal Michigan building principals’ selfefficacy dependent on number of years on the job and types of certification they hold. These findings reveal the need for principals to have more opportunities to better understand this special population they are leading and are responsible for. Albert Bandura has established much research on self-efficacy and cognitive theory. Applying that research to that of principal responsibility reveals a need for more knowledge and confidence in the area of Special Education. Principals report that this area is not addressed formally in their certification journey and the need to …

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A Comprehensive Study Of Chronic Diabetes Complications In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat, Sinan Ma Al-Mahmood, Tariq A. Razak, Shahrin Tc Abdullah, Nik N. Fatnoon Na, Abdul H. Mohamed, Imad M. Al-Ani Aug 2016

A Comprehensive Study Of Chronic Diabetes Complications In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat, Sinan Ma Al-Mahmood, Tariq A. Razak, Shahrin Tc Abdullah, Nik N. Fatnoon Na, Abdul H. Mohamed, Imad M. Al-Ani

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The purpose of this study was to provide a reference of chronic diabetes complications by investigating the prolonged hyperglycemia effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes (liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas) in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Methods: Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley of uniform age were divided into two Groups. Group 1 was made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/bw) whereas Group 2 served as control. After six months, the rats were anaesthetized using pentobarbital. Cardiac puncture was performed to get 3 ml of the blood sample; following 12 hours of …

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Front Matter And Faculty Notes, Transactions: The Tennessee Journal Of Business Law Aug 2016

Front Matter And Faculty Notes, Transactions: The Tennessee Journal Of Business Law

Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law

No abstract provided.

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Attenuation Of Pamp-Triggered Immunity In Maize Requires Down-Regulation Of The Key Β-1,6-Glucan Synthesis Genes Kre5 And Kre6 In Biotrophic Hyphae Of Colletotrichum Graminicola, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Holger B. Deising Aug 2016

Attenuation Of Pamp-Triggered Immunity In Maize Requires Down-Regulation Of The Key Β-1,6-Glucan Synthesis Genes Kre5 And Kre6 In Biotrophic Hyphae Of Colletotrichum Graminicola, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Holger B. Deising

Faculty Publications

In plants, pathogen defense is initiated by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via plasma membrane-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Fungal structural cell wall polymers such as branched β-glucans are essential for infection structure rigidity and pathogenicity, but at the same time represent PAMPs. Kre5 and Kre6 are key enzymes in β-1,6-glucan synthesis and formation of branch points of the β-glucan network. In spite of the importance of branched β-glucan for hyphal rigidity and plant–fungus interactions, neither the role of KRE5 and KRE6 in pathogenesis nor mechanisms allowing circumventing branched β-glucan-triggered immune responses are known. We functionally characterized KRE5 and KRE6 …

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Spatiotemporal Distributions Of Sr And Ba Along An Estuarine River With A Large Salinity Gradient To The Gulf Of Mexico, Songjie He, Y. Jun Xu Aug 2016

Spatiotemporal Distributions Of Sr And Ba Along An Estuarine River With A Large Salinity Gradient To The Gulf Of Mexico, Songjie He, Y. Jun Xu

Faculty Publications

Strontium and barium to calcium ratios are often used as proxies for tracking animal movement across salinity gradients. Many estuarine rivers face saltwater intrusion due to sea level rise, potentially causing changes in mobility and distribution of these metals upstream. From May 2013 to August 2015, monthly water samples were collected and in-situ measurements were performed at six sites along an estuary strongly affected by saltwater intrusion, the Calcasieu River, with salinity ranging from 0.02 to 29.50 Parts Per Thousand (ppt). Results showed that the total Sr concentration and the Sr/Ca ratio both increased significantly with increasing salinity. The average …

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Effects Of Ultra-Violet B On The Behavior Of Red-Eared Sliders (Trachemys Scripta Elegans), Edgar Alarcon Aug 2016

Effects Of Ultra-Violet B On The Behavior Of Red-Eared Sliders (Trachemys Scripta Elegans), Edgar Alarcon

Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to test the predictions that (1) turtles raised under mercury vapor artificial lamps will display the greatest amount of time spent in ultra-violet zones, and (2) turtles are able to differentiate between UVB and non-UVB light sources. Prediction 1 was partially supported, while prediction 2 was met.

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Influence Of Social Status On Spatial Attention In African Cichlids (Astatotilapia Burtoni), Rebecca Bang Aug 2016

Influence Of Social Status On Spatial Attention In African Cichlids (Astatotilapia Burtoni), Rebecca Bang

Theses and Dissertations

The present study used subordinate and dominant African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni to test the hypothesis that social status will influence the perception of spatial cues during startle escape behavior. Our results show escape behavior that imply a focused spatial attention to potential threats in dominant fish.

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The Effect Of Play Group On The Behavior Of Shelter Dogs, Stephanie Flower Aug 2016

The Effect Of Play Group On The Behavior Of Shelter Dogs, Stephanie Flower

Theses and Dissertations

This study looked at two groups of dogs, one which attended play group prior to receiving their behavior evaluation and one that did not. The group that attended play group showed significantly lower scores when looking at the dog to dog portion of the behavior evaluation.

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In The Eyes Of The Beholder: Pet Owners’ Attitude Toward Animals And Perception Of Their Pet’S Behavior, Suzanne K. Remito Aug 2016

In The Eyes Of The Beholder: Pet Owners’ Attitude Toward Animals And Perception Of Their Pet’S Behavior, Suzanne K. Remito

Theses and Dissertations

This study explored the relationship between pet owners’ attitude toward animals and perception of their pet’s behavior. Pet owners completed an online questionnaire regarding their pro-animal welfare attitude and pet’s behavior. The results indicate that gender and previous pet ownership are related to a person’s attitude toward animals.

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Teaching The Common Good In Business Ethics: A Case Study Approach, Mark Ryan Aug 2016

Teaching The Common Good In Business Ethics: A Case Study Approach, Mark Ryan

Theology and Religious Studies Faculty Publications

This paper addresses the instructional challenges of teaching business ethics in a way shaped by Catholic Social Teaching (CST). Focusing on the concept of the Common Good in CST, I describe my use of a case narrative in classroom instruction to help students understand the concept of the Common Good and to perceive the variety of ways businesses can serve or undermine the Common Good in a small city. Through these pedagogical explorations, I illustrate the distinctive vision of business ethics that flows from CST.

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Evaluating Differences In Household Subsistence Harvest Patterns Between The Ambler Project And Non-Project Zones, Mouhcine Guettabi, Joshua Greenberg, Joseph Little, Kyle Joly Aug 2016

Evaluating Differences In Household Subsistence Harvest Patterns Between The Ambler Project And Non-Project Zones, Mouhcine Guettabi, Joshua Greenberg, Joseph Little, Kyle Joly

ISER Reports

Western Alaska is one of largest inhabited, roadless areas in North America and, indeed, the world. Access, via a new road that would transverse Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve (GAAR), to a mining district in a vast roadless section of northwest Alaska has been proposed. Given the potential effects of the road on nearby communities, we analyzed how communities connected to the road system compare to their unconnected counterparts. Specifically, using zero inflated negative binomial models, we analyzed subsistence harvest data to understand factors that influence subsistence production at the household level. We found substantial difference in …

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