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2015

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The Boundless War: Challenging The Notion Of A Global Armed Conflict Against Al-Qaeda And Its Affiliates, Andrew Beshai Apr 2015

The Boundless War: Challenging The Notion Of A Global Armed Conflict Against Al-Qaeda And Its Affiliates, Andrew Beshai

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

The U.S. military response to the 9/11 attacks has expanded into a “global war” without a definite geographic scope. Both the Bush and Obama administrations have executed attacks in several countries including Somalia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Yemen under the “global war” paradigm. This Article challenges the concept of a global armed conflict, instead favoring the “epicenter-of-hostilities” framework for determining the legality of military action against Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, and other terrorist groups. This approach, rooted in established international law, measures the existence of specific criteria in each nation where hostile forces are present to determine if an armed conflict in …


Strengthening Statehood Capabilities For Successful Transitions In The Middle East / North Africa Region, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr. Apr 2015

Strengthening Statehood Capabilities For Successful Transitions In The Middle East / North Africa Region, Mohammed El-Katiri Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

In this monograph, Dr. Mohammed El-Katiri focuses on the variety of challenges that face reform attempts in the post-revolution Arab countries. He examines underlying factors that have prevented new political elites and post-revolution institutions from successfully implementing essential reforms. He explains how these failures have affected the building of these countries' political legitimacy. Dr. El-Katiri concludes with a series of specific policy recommendations, with the aim of preventing further deterioration to the detriment of U.S. interests.


Bernard Lewis, The End Of Modern History In The Middle East, Laina Farhat-Holzman Apr 2015

Bernard Lewis, The End Of Modern History In The Middle East, Laina Farhat-Holzman

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.


Unl Emeriti And Retirees Association Newsletter, Spring 2015 Apr 2015

Unl Emeriti And Retirees Association Newsletter, Spring 2015

UNL Emeriti and Retirees Association: Newsletters and Other Materials

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Emeriti and Retirees Association Newsletter, Spring 2015


Midwives And Madonnas: Motherhood And Citizenship In The American Counterculture, Kristen Amelia Blankenbaker Apr 2015

Midwives And Madonnas: Motherhood And Citizenship In The American Counterculture, Kristen Amelia Blankenbaker

Open Access Theses

This project examines how counterculture mothers reimagined female citizenship over three decades of protest and activism. Witnessing the restrictive social contract that bound their suburban mothers to Cold War policies, hippie women sought to dramatically redefine the obligations that structured motherhood. They utilized the experimental structure of communal societies to enact a variation of motherhood that encouraged the development of a highly individualized self, free from the oppressive social structures that shaped Cold War society. Hippie women viewed this elimination of oppressive social structures as a reclamation, rather than a departure from, American values. The collapse of communal societies and …


Flexible Weapons Architecture Design, William C. Pyant Apr 2015

Flexible Weapons Architecture Design, William C. Pyant

Open Access Theses

Present day air-delivered weapons are of a closed architecture, with little to no ability to tailor the weapon for the individual engagement. The closed architectures require weaponeers to make the target fit the weapon instead of fitting the individual weapons to a target. The concept of a flexible weapons aims to modularize weapons design using an open architecture shell into which different modules are inserted to achieve the desired target fractional damage while reducing cost and civilian casualties. This thesis shows that the architecture design factors of damage mechanism, fusing, weapons weight, guidance, and propulsion are significant in enhancing weapon …


System Importance Measures: A New Approach To Resilient Systems-Of-Systems, Payuna Uday Apr 2015

System Importance Measures: A New Approach To Resilient Systems-Of-Systems, Payuna Uday

Open Access Dissertations

Resilience is the ability to withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions. While this attribute has been the focus of research in several fields, in the case of system-of-systems (SoSs), addressing resilience is particularly interesting and challenging. As infrastructure SoSs, such as power, transportation, and communication networks, grow in complexity and interconnectivity, measuring and improving the resilience of these SoSs is vital in terms of safety and providing uninterrupted services. ^ The characteristics of systems-of-systems make analysis and design of resilience challenging. However, these features also offer opportunities to make SoSs resilient using unconventional methods. In this research, we present a …


Library Newsletter Volume 11, Issue 1, Sacred Heart University Apr 2015

Library Newsletter Volume 11, Issue 1, Sacred Heart University

Library Newsletters

No abstract provided.


Conflicting Perspectives: Chivalry In Twelfth-Century Historiography, Stephanie L. Carlson Apr 2015

Conflicting Perspectives: Chivalry In Twelfth-Century Historiography, Stephanie L. Carlson

Honors Projects, History

Conflicting Perspectives: Chivalry in Twelfth-Century Historiography Chivalry was the dominant social structure of the Middle Ages. Its tenets were limited to the ruling class, but it affected all members of medieval society. Despite its overwhelming prevalence, a definition of chivalry has eluded most historians. Twelfth-century sources range from histories and chronicles of events, to epic poetry based on facts but depicting idealized or demonized characters, to manuals of knightly behavior. Modem perceptions of chivalry are shaped by which sources historians choose to include in their analyses; modem historians get most of their arguments from medieval literature and texts that are …


Defying The United States: General Douglas Macarthur, Luke G. Mueller Apr 2015

Defying The United States: General Douglas Macarthur, Luke G. Mueller

Honors Projects, History

General Douglas MacArthur continually disobeyed his superiors officers throughout his entire career, yet he never received any punishment. He eventually became one of the most decorated U.S. soldiers and rose to the rank of General by the time his career was over. However, as his career progressed, his defiance increased. It was not until President Harry S. Truman relieved him of command during the Korean War that MacArthur received any kind of reprimand. Because of this, MacArthur threatened not only U.S. security and democracy, but also world peace.


Global Knowledge Networking: Smart Strategies For Promoting Innovative Learning And Leader Development, Walter L. Christman, Frank C. Digiovanni, Linton Wells Ii Apr 2015

Global Knowledge Networking: Smart Strategies For Promoting Innovative Learning And Leader Development, Walter L. Christman, Frank C. Digiovanni, Linton Wells Ii

Defense Horizons

Today’s security challenges require partners who can learn, adapt, and act together. The Global Knowledge Networking (GKN) initiative connects people, ideas, and tools to make knowledge more accessible and actionable for decisionmakers. At its core is a flexible, “composable” approach that brings together organizations, technologies, and expertise as needed. This supports better collaboration across countries, agencies, and cultures. GKN also strengthens training, education, and interoperability, helping partners build shared understanding and respond more effectively to complex challenges. The initiative aims to develop more agile, resilient leaders prepared for an increasingly interconnected security environment.


The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act: The Latest Obstacle In The Path To Receiving Complementary And Alternative Health Care?, Chelsea Stanley Apr 2015

The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act: The Latest Obstacle In The Path To Receiving Complementary And Alternative Health Care?, Chelsea Stanley

Indiana Law Journal

Part I of this Note outlines a variety of medical techniques that are considered to be complementary and alternative practices, and it presents evidence of CAM’s growing influence in the United States. Part I also provides a concise summary of some of the most important features of the ACA. Part II analyzes the potential impact of the ACA on CAM. Part II focuses first on those provisions of the ACA that are believed to be supportive of CAM; however, Part II then proposes potential counterarguments ignored or overlooked by those who believe that the ACA will favorably impact CAM. Part …


Linking Disparate Approaches To The Study Of Social Norms: An Example From Northern Siberia, John P. Ziker Apr 2015

Linking Disparate Approaches To The Study Of Social Norms: An Example From Northern Siberia, John P. Ziker

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article examines altruistic social norms among the Dolgans and the Nganasans in Arctic Siberia, drawing on and integrating experimental game theory and semiotic approaches. The article demonstrates the complementarity of these two methodologies in order to more fully understand how sharing is promoted over individual self-aggrandizement in a communal-resource property regime. Any theory of social norms should be of some practical benefit for solving current environmental dilemmas, as well as for increasing understanding of the factors lending sustainability to human-environment relationships. With that goal in mind, the article presents results of experimental games conducted in the Taimyr Autonomous Region …


The Indian Rebellion Of 1857, C. Claire Summers Apr 2015

The Indian Rebellion Of 1857, C. Claire Summers

Tenor of Our Times

No abstract provided.


The Evolution Of Women’S Roles In Modern Warfare, Sarah M. Schroeder Apr 2015

The Evolution Of Women’S Roles In Modern Warfare, Sarah M. Schroeder

Undergraduate Research Symposium 2015

Beginning with the Mollies of the Revolutionary war, women have participated in American warfare since the nation's inception. More recently, a key development in women's roles took place two years ago when the United States lifted the ban on female combat. This has resulted in modifications to the military’s approach to war fighting and this process is ongoing. This study focuses specifically on the role of women WWII and the Iraq War, for these wars mark two particularly pivotal moments in their participation in warfare and evolution of their role. Using sources from American military history, especially of WWII and …


Whom Do You Trust? Doubt And Conspiracy Theories In The 2009 Influenza Pandemic, Shawn Smallman Apr 2015

Whom Do You Trust? Doubt And Conspiracy Theories In The 2009 Influenza Pandemic, Shawn Smallman

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

The 2009 pandemic of H1N1 influenza led people around the globe to create narratives about the epidemic defined by the question of trust; these narratives ranged from true conspiracy theories to simply accounts in which mistrust and betrayal formed a motif. In particular, most of these narratives reflected a fear of capitalism and globalization, although in specific regions, other issues—such as religion—played a more central role. These stories were not unique to the H1N1 pandemic but rather have appeared with every contemporary outbreak of infectious disease. This paper will examine conspiracy theories and moral panics related to the H1N1 pandemic …


Autonomous Weapons And Accountability: Seeking Solutions In The Law Of War, Kelly Cass Apr 2015

Autonomous Weapons And Accountability: Seeking Solutions In The Law Of War, Kelly Cass

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

Autonomous weapons are increasingly used by militaries around the world. Unlike conventional unmanned weapons such as drones, autonomous weapons involve a machine deciding whether to deploy lethal force. Yet, because a machine cannot have the requisite mental state to commit a war crime, the legal scrutiny falls onto the decision to deploy an autonomous weapon. This Article focuses on the dual questions arising from that decision: how to regulate autonomous weapon use and who should be held criminally liable for an autonomous weapon’s actions. Regarding the first issue, this Article concludes that regulations expressly limiting autonomous weapon use to non-human …


The American National Exhibition And Kitchen Debates: How The World's Superpowers Portrayed The Events Of The Summer Of 1959 To Meet National Needs, Kevin D. Bardin Apr 2015

The American National Exhibition And Kitchen Debates: How The World's Superpowers Portrayed The Events Of The Summer Of 1959 To Meet National Needs, Kevin D. Bardin

Student Publications

An undergraduate research paper centered on the investigation of American and Soviet propaganda efforts during and immediately after the Kitchen Debate of 1959.


The Long Road: Eisenhower’S Inter-American Highway: The Path To Economic Investment, Political Stability, And Collective Security In Central America, Jacob A. Ross Apr 2015

The Long Road: Eisenhower’S Inter-American Highway: The Path To Economic Investment, Political Stability, And Collective Security In Central America, Jacob A. Ross

Student Publications

This paper explores the anti-communist Cold War tactics of public diplomacy as undertaken by the Eisenhower Administration. The focus of this paper is the Inter-American Highway: a program which the U.S. government funded and constructed to develop Central America economically, politically, and beyond. Funding for this program was increased and supported by the president because it fit the axiom of spending as little money as possible in the Cold War, but spending it in a way to be effective in the battle against Soviet communism. The stance of the U.S. government was to provide Central America with increased infrastructure development …


Seato Stumbles: The Failure Of The Nato Model In The Third World, Louis T. Gentilucci Apr 2015

Seato Stumbles: The Failure Of The Nato Model In The Third World, Louis T. Gentilucci

Student Publications

NATO as an alliance has stood the test of time since the early post-war years. Yet similar alliances such as SEATO passed into history long ago. The problem with the NATO model of alliance was its inability to be applied to the Third World. The particular circumstances of Southeast Asia prevented SEATO from becoming a true successor to the NATO alliance system. In addition, the approach of Eisenhower and his administration to Southeast Asia and anti-communist alliances was undermined by their own political needs and personal experiences. Southeast Asia was fit into the mold of the post-war period and the …


Polly Schaafsma's Indelible Mark, Erika Bsumek Apr 2015

Polly Schaafsma's Indelible Mark, Erika Bsumek

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.


Southwest Talks: A Conversation With Polly Schaafsma, Sandra Lauderdale Graham, Polly Schaafsma Apr 2015

Southwest Talks: A Conversation With Polly Schaafsma, Sandra Lauderdale Graham, Polly Schaafsma

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.


Full Issue, New Mexico Historical Review Apr 2015

Full Issue, New Mexico Historical Review

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.


Cosmographies In Stone: Polly Schaafsma's Contributions To Southwestern Archaeology, Robert W. Preucel Apr 2015

Cosmographies In Stone: Polly Schaafsma's Contributions To Southwestern Archaeology, Robert W. Preucel

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.


Leaving One's Handprint: Celebrating The Scholarship Of Polly Schaafsma, Michael Mathiowetz Apr 2015

Leaving One's Handprint: Celebrating The Scholarship Of Polly Schaafsma, Michael Mathiowetz

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.


Repatriate . . . Then Compensate: Why The United States Owes Reparation Payments To Former Guantánamo Detainees, Cameron Bell Apr 2015

Repatriate . . . Then Compensate: Why The United States Owes Reparation Payments To Former Guantánamo Detainees, Cameron Bell

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

In late 2001, U.S. government officials chose Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, as the site to house the “war on terror” detainees. Since then, 779 individuals have been detained at Guantánamo. Many of the detainees have endured years of detention, cruel and degrading treatment, and for some, torture—conduct that violates well-established prohibitions against torture and inhumane treatment under both general international law and the law of war. Under these bodies of law, the United States is required to make reparation—through restitution, compensation, and satisfaction—for acts that violate its international obligations. But the United States has not offered financial compensation to any Guantánamo …


Silencing The Call To Arms: A Shift Away From Cyber Attacks As Warfare, Ryan Patterson Apr 2015

Silencing The Call To Arms: A Shift Away From Cyber Attacks As Warfare, Ryan Patterson

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

Cyberspace has developed into an indispensable aspect of modern society, but not without risk. Cyber attacks have increased in frequency, with many states declaring cyber operations a priority in what has been called the newest domain of warfare. But what rules govern? The Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare suggests existent laws of war are sufficient to govern cyber activities; however, the Tallinn Manual ignores fundamental problems and unique differences between cyber attacks and kinetic attacks. This Article argues that several crucial impediments frustrate placing cyber attacks within the current umbra of warfare, chiefly the problems …


Mckee Minute April 2015, Southern Adventist University Apr 2015

Mckee Minute April 2015, Southern Adventist University

McKee Minute – McKee Library This Month

The April 2015 McKee Minute announces Campus Research Day and other coming events at the library. The books featured in this edition focus on American poets and include Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman and The 100 Best African American Poems by Nikki Giovani. This month's spotlight is on music.


The Conversion Of The Medieval Church: The Transition From Sacred Peace To Holy War, John L. Frizzell Apr 2015

The Conversion Of The Medieval Church: The Transition From Sacred Peace To Holy War, John L. Frizzell

Tenor of Our Times

No abstract provided.


The Life And Conversion Of Augustine Of Hippo, Joe Aaron Gafford Ii Apr 2015

The Life And Conversion Of Augustine Of Hippo, Joe Aaron Gafford Ii

Tenor of Our Times

No abstract provided.