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2015

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Front Matter Dec 2015

Front Matter

Speaker & Gavel

Front matter and table of contents for Volume 49, Issue 2 of Speaker & Gavel.

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Euscorpiops Thaomischi Sp. N. From Vietnam And A Key To Species Of The Genus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae), František Kovařík Dec 2015

Euscorpiops Thaomischi Sp. N. From Vietnam And A Key To Species Of The Genus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae), František Kovařík

Euscorpius

Euscorpiops thaomischi sp. n. from Vietnam is described and compared with other species of the genus Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980. A key to the species of Euscorpiops is provided. In Euscorpiops thaomischi sp. n. external trichobothria on the patella number 18 (5 eb, 2 esb, 2 em, 4 est, 5 et) and ventral trichobothria on the patella number 11 or 12. Pedipalp fingers of both sexes are flexed without sexual dimorphism.

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Mesobuthus Caucasicus (Nordmann, 1840) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Turkey, Ayşegül Karataş Dec 2015

Mesobuthus Caucasicus (Nordmann, 1840) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Turkey, Ayşegül Karataş

Euscorpius

Although Mesobuthus caucasicus was listed from Turkey in the literature, information about this species was confused and needed confirmation. Distribution of M. caucasicus is studied and new geographical records are given. As a result of field studies, M. caucasicus is confirmed from three certain localities in Turkey. In addition, some bioecological information is provided.

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Complete Issue 50(1) Dec 2015

Complete Issue 50(1)

Speaker & Gavel

Complete digitized issue (volume 50, issue 1) of Speaker & Gavel.

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A Functional Analysis Of 2008 And 2012 Presidential Candidacy Announcement Speeches, William L. Benoit, Mark Glantz Dec 2015

A Functional Analysis Of 2008 And 2012 Presidential Candidacy Announcement Speeches, William L. Benoit, Mark Glantz

Speaker & Gavel

This study investigates messages in the surfacing phase of the presidential campaign, through a content analysis of presidential candidacy announcement speeches from the 2008 and 2012 elections. This study applied the Functional Theory of Political Campaign Discourse to nine Democratic announcement speeches from 2008, 11 Republican announcement addresses from 2008, and 12 Republican announcement speeches from 2012. This work extends previous research on announcement speeches from 1960-2004 (Benoit, Henson, Whalen, & Pier, 2007). Overall, announcements from 2008 and 2012 used acclaims (75%) more than attacks (25%) or defenses (0.5%). The same announcements discussed policy more than character (58% to 42%); …

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How Coaches Maintain The Status Quo: An Application Of Chaim Perelman’S Values And Universal Audience To Npda, Crystal Lane Swift Dec 2015

How Coaches Maintain The Status Quo: An Application Of Chaim Perelman’S Values And Universal Audience To Npda, Crystal Lane Swift

Speaker & Gavel

Chaim Perelman is explored as a rhetorically significant figure, beginning with a bit of background, delving into his theory, and finishing with some of his critics. His theories are still applicable today. All in all, Perelman is primarily concerned with the relationship between argumentation and value judgments. Overall, coaches and debaters alike could benefit from revisiting Perelman. This paper serves as a starting point to the current meta-debate over values and audiences within intercollegiate NPDA, where the same issues regarding value judgments and the universal audience are still raised.

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Obama Transforming: Using Functional Theory To Identify Transformational Leadership, Kristina Drumheller, Greg G. Armfield Dec 2015

Obama Transforming: Using Functional Theory To Identify Transformational Leadership, Kristina Drumheller, Greg G. Armfield

Speaker & Gavel

The 2008 presidential campaign convention speeches broke records as viewers flocked to the speeches by Obama, Palin, and McCain in numbers that rivaled American Idol ratings. Adapting functional theory (Benoit, 2007) to include transformational leadership characteristics (Bass & Avolio, 1990), President Obama‘s 2008 nomination acceptance speech was used test the adapting of functional theory for analyzing leadership claims. Secondary data were used as evidentiary support of Obama‘s efforts to make changes once in the White House. Results are discussed and framed within functional theory and transfor-mational leadership.

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Newspaper Coverage Of The 2008 General Election Presidential Campaigns, William L. Benoit, Jayne R. Goode, Mark Glantz Dec 2015

Newspaper Coverage Of The 2008 General Election Presidential Campaigns, William L. Benoit, Jayne R. Goode, Mark Glantz

Speaker & Gavel

News coverage of political campaigns is very important to the political campaign process. Some voters pay little attention to debates or other sources of information about the candidates and their policies. The news is one important source of this information. Newspapers can also supplement and reinforce the information possessed by voters who do attend to campaign messages. This study content analyzed news coverage of the 2008 general election presidential campaign (New York Times, Washington Post, USA Today). Horse race coverage was most common topic (45%), followed by themes about character (32%), and policy (23%). The tone of newspaper coverage was …

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Front Matter Dec 2015

Front Matter

Speaker & Gavel

Front matter and table of contents for Volume 50, Issue 1 of Speaker & Gavel.

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The Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) Of Sint Eustatius, Lesser Antilles, Rolando Teruel, Hannah Madden Dec 2015

The Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) Of Sint Eustatius, Lesser Antilles, Rolando Teruel, Hannah Madden

Euscorpius

In the present note, we revise the scorpion fauna of the small island of Sint Eustatius, in the Lesser Antilles. A total of two families, three genera and three species are confirmed to occur there: the buthids Centruroides barbudensis (Pocock, 1898) and Isometrus maculatus (DeGeer, 1778), and the scorpionid Oiclus purvesii (Becker, 1880). These include the first record of the occurrence in Sint Eustatius of the family Scorpionidae and the genus Oiclus Simon, 1880, as well as the first published findings of I. maculatus since 1942. A key to the easy identification of all three species is provided.

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Ontogenetic Shifts In Microhabitat Use, Foraging And Temporal Activity For The Striped Bark Scorpion Centruroides Vittatus (Scorpiones: Buthidae), C. Neal Mcreynolds Dec 2015

Ontogenetic Shifts In Microhabitat Use, Foraging And Temporal Activity For The Striped Bark Scorpion Centruroides Vittatus (Scorpiones: Buthidae), C. Neal Mcreynolds

Euscorpius

Ontogenetic shifts in activity and habitat use by the scorpion Centruroides vittatus in Laredo, Texas can occur with shifts in microhabitat use, the height of the scorpion in vegetation and seasonal and lunar activity among different sizes of C. vittatus but not taxa of prey in the diet. The microhabitat use by the different size classes was significantly different with significant associations among the cacti with a high frequency of larger scorpions on prickly pear cactus and strawberry cactus and between grass and other vegetation with a high frequency of smaller scorpions on grass. A comparison of the mean height …

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A New Scorpion Genus (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae) From Mexico, Michael E. Soleglad, Victor Fet Dec 2015

A New Scorpion Genus (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae) From Mexico, Michael E. Soleglad, Victor Fet

Euscorpius

A new vaejovid genus from Mexico, Franckeus, gen. nov., is described based on unique neobothriotaxy. Species placed in this genus are from the Vaejovis “nigrescens” group (previously called the “nitidulus” group). Six species comprise this new genus, distributed throughout Mexico (mainland as well as Baja California Sur): Franckeus nitidulus, F. rubrimanus, F. platnicki, F. minckleyi, F. kochi and F. peninsularis. A new species of the Vaejovis “nigrescens” group, Vaejovis davidi, sp. nov., is also described.

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Complete Issue 50(2) Dec 2015

Complete Issue 50(2)

Speaker & Gavel

Complete digitized issue (volume 50, issue 2) of Speaker & Gavel.

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The Next 50 Years Of Forensics: Acknowledging Problems, Preparing Solutions, Christopher P. Outzen, Lucas J. Youngvorst, Daniel Cronn-Mills Dec 2015

The Next 50 Years Of Forensics: Acknowledging Problems, Preparing Solutions, Christopher P. Outzen, Lucas J. Youngvorst, Daniel Cronn-Mills

Speaker & Gavel

In previous decades, forensics was a well-respected co-curricular activity, with students becoming involved as early as middle school and moving into colleges across the country. The activity provides a multitude of meanings for individuals, teams, and colleges across the nation conjuring feelings of friendship, community, education, leadership, and competition. Many within the forensic community know the reputation of this activity can be attributed to influential individuals such as Grace Walsh, L. E. Norton, and Larry Schnoor, among others. Despite the great past and present of this activity, the future is looming with potential pitfalls that could damage the activity. We …

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"Permanent Adaptation" - The Ndt's Last 50 Years, Allan Louden Dec 2015

"Permanent Adaptation" - The Ndt's Last 50 Years, Allan Louden

Speaker & Gavel

It remains a surprise I have been involved with competitive debate for five decades, a sobering self- reflection. Viewed more charitably, participating in history imparts a certain authority, a wisdom reserved to longevity, even as one’s memory reconstructs. This essay purports to provide a history of the National Debate Tournament for roughly the last 50 years. Doing justice to the historical sweep would be a book-length project, this summary much more modest. The essay is inevitably selective, recounted from a particular point of view. History never allows more. It has been my experience that there are enduring prospects for organizations …

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An Incubating Institution: Speaker And Gavel’S Current Criticism Section And The Development Of Twentieth Century Rhetorical Criticism, James Francisca Klumpp Dec 2015

An Incubating Institution: Speaker And Gavel’S Current Criticism Section And The Development Of Twentieth Century Rhetorical Criticism, James Francisca Klumpp

Speaker & Gavel

This essay traces the role of Speaker and Gavel’s Current Criticism section in the development of the dramatic changes that marked rhetorical criticism and public address in the late twentieth century. The essay argues that critics restricted from old line journals found outlets and developed their critical skills through the publication of their works in Speaker and Gavel.

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Rhetorical Criticism: The Past Fifty Years, David Zarefsky Dec 2015

Rhetorical Criticism: The Past Fifty Years, David Zarefsky

Speaker & Gavel

Not quite fifty years ago, in its fourth volume, Speaker and Gavel launched a feature called “Current Criticism.” Under the editorship of Wayne Brockriede, the journal took on an added mission: offering criticism of very recent cases of public address. Rather than traditional scholarly studies, the critiques were moiré like editorials: brief statements of an author’s point of view, with supporting arguments and evidence, ob topics of current interest related to public policy. The best of these essays were collected in a book edited by Robert O. Weiss and Bernard L. Brock and published for DSR-TKA in 1971.

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50th Anniversary Of Speaker & Gavel Special Issue Introduction, Stephen M. Croucher Dec 2015

50th Anniversary Of Speaker & Gavel Special Issue Introduction, Stephen M. Croucher

Speaker & Gavel

Editor's introduction by Stephen M. Croucher from volume 50, issue 2 of Speaker & Gavel.

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Front Matter Dec 2015

Front Matter

Speaker & Gavel

Front matter and table of contents from Volume 50, Issue 2 of Speaker & Gavel.

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Complete Issue 51(1) Dec 2015

Complete Issue 51(1)

Speaker & Gavel

Complete digitized issue (volume 51, issue 1) of Speaker & Gavel.

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A Functional Analysis Of 2008 And 2012 Presidential Nomination Acceptance Addresses, William L. Benoit Dec 2015

A Functional Analysis Of 2008 And 2012 Presidential Nomination Acceptance Addresses, William L. Benoit

Speaker & Gavel

This study investigates the presidential candidates’ nomination acceptance ad-dresses in 2008 and 2012. This study applied Benoit’s (2007) Functional Theory of Political Campaign Discourse to the four Acceptances (one from McCain, two from Obama, and one from Romney). Traditionally the conventions kick off the general election campaign and the nominees’ acceptance addresses are high-lights of these events. This work extends previous research on acceptance ad-dresses speeches from 1952-2004. The speeches in 2008 and 2012 used acclaims (73%) more than attacks (27%) or defenses (0.5%). Incumbents acclaimed more, and attacked less, than challengers, particularly when they discussed their records in office …

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Experiential Learning And The Basic Communication Course: A New Path To Assessing Forensic Learning Outcomes, Ben Walker Dec 2015

Experiential Learning And The Basic Communication Course: A New Path To Assessing Forensic Learning Outcomes, Ben Walker

Speaker & Gavel

Scholars have often touted the educational benefits of forensics (e.g.: Bartanen, 1998; Beasley, 1979; Brownlee, 1979; Ehninger, 1952; Gartell, 1973; Jensen, 2008; McBath, 1975; Millsap, 1998; Schroeder & Schroeder, 1995; Stenger, 1999; Yaremchuk, 1979). Critics, most notably Burnett, Brand, and Meister (2003), have argued forensics is only a competitive game with the idea of education used as a crutch to uphold the activity in the eyes of schools. While attempting to counter critics, many forensic educators have scrambled to find proof of student learning. Besides theoretical approaches to potential learning methods (e.g., Dreibelbis & Gullifor, 1992; Friedley, 1992; Sellnow, Littlefield, …

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Survival Strategies In Solidly Partisan States An Analysis Of Centrist Appeals In 2012 U.S. Senate Debates, Matthew L. Spialek, Stevie M. Munz Dec 2015

Survival Strategies In Solidly Partisan States An Analysis Of Centrist Appeals In 2012 U.S. Senate Debates, Matthew L. Spialek, Stevie M. Munz

Speaker & Gavel

With the growing number of centrist senators diminishing on Capitol Hill, the next few election cycles will be crucial to the survival of this moderate group of lawmakers. Campaign debate scholars should investigate how vulnerable incumbents construct a centrist issue agenda and image to connect with voters in states ideologically incongruent with the incumbents’ parties. In doing so, debate scholars will also fill the lack of lower-level debate research. Utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods, this analysis examined the debate appeals of Sens. Claire McCaskill (D-MO) and Scott Brown (R-MA). Findings suggest McCaskill’s issue agenda was congruent with a centrist …

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News Coverage Of The 2008 Presidential Primaries, William L. Benoit, Corey Davis, Mark Glantz, Jayne R. Goode, Leslie Rill, Anji Phillips Dec 2015

News Coverage Of The 2008 Presidential Primaries, William L. Benoit, Corey Davis, Mark Glantz, Jayne R. Goode, Leslie Rill, Anji Phillips

Speaker & Gavel

President George W. Bush was completing his second (and final) term in office and Vice President Dick Cheney decided not to run for president. Thus, the 2008 American presidential primary is the first “open” campaign (with no sitting president or vice president competing) since 1952 with highly competitive primaries for both major political parties. This study uses content analysis to investigate news coverage (national newspapers, network television news, and local newspapers) of the 2008 American presidential primary campaign. Most themes in the news concerned the horse race (66%) with somewhat more emphasis on the candidates’ character (18%) than their policy …

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Front Matter Dec 2015

Front Matter

Speaker & Gavel

Front matter and table of contents for Volume 51, Issue 1 of Speaker & Gavel.

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On The Type Locality Of Mesobuthus Vesiculatus (Pocock, 1899) (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Ayşegül Karataş, Victor Fet, Muhammed M. Gharkheloo Dec 2015

On The Type Locality Of Mesobuthus Vesiculatus (Pocock, 1899) (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Ayşegül Karataş, Victor Fet, Muhammed M. Gharkheloo

Euscorpius

The type locality for Mesobuthus vesiculatus (Pocock, 1899) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) is identified as Astarqān, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, at 38°32'03"N, 46°12' 36"E.

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Redescription Of The Mexican Scorpion Centruroides Hoffmanni Armas, 1996 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Eliézer Martín-Frías, Luis F. De Armas, Jorge F. Paniagua-Solís Dec 2015

Redescription Of The Mexican Scorpion Centruroides Hoffmanni Armas, 1996 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Eliézer Martín-Frías, Luis F. De Armas, Jorge F. Paniagua-Solís

Euscorpius

The Mexican scorpion Centruroides hoffmanni Armas, 1996 is redescribed, based on adults of both sexes. It is readily diagnosed by its medium size, dark brown two-banded tergites and brown marbling on carapace, appendages and metasoma, pectinal tooth counts, the shape of the female basal plate of the pectines, development of metasomal carinae, and shape of the telson and subaculear tubercle. The geographical distribution of this species ranges from southeastern Oaxaca to southwestern Chiapas, Mexico. It was originally compared with Centruroides thorelli (Kraepelin, 1891), but actually it seems to be closely related to C. infamatus (C. L. Koch, 1845) and C. …

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Complete Issue 52(1) Dec 2015

Complete Issue 52(1)

Speaker & Gavel

Complete digitized issue (volume 52, issue 1) of Speaker & Gavel.

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The First-Year Coach, Keith Bistodeau Dec 2015

The First-Year Coach, Keith Bistodeau

Speaker & Gavel

The first year coaching a team is both exciting and terrifying. The first year coaching a team is your first taste of the career you may be doing for the rest of your life, on top of teaching, research, having a family, and having social life. Some of you reading this article may have a plethora of experience in forensics as a competitor, graduate student assistant, judge, sibling, or friend, while others may have no experience in forensics at all. Don’t worry; we have all been in your shoes in one way or another. This article is a checklist for …

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"It's Only A Hired": An Instructional Look At The Forensic Ballot, Kittie Grace Dec 2015

"It's Only A Hired": An Instructional Look At The Forensic Ballot, Kittie Grace

Speaker & Gavel

The judge’s ballot, within the forensic community, is used as an educational tool. Yet, the tool is often dismissed by the students it is designed to help (Choui-nard, 2010). College forensic competitors repeatedly discredit ballots, especially if they are written by a “hired,” or nontraditional, judge (Hanson, 1998b). Through a content analysis, this study identifies that ballots from both hired judges or non-traditional judges and traditional judges (coaches) provide “speech acts” that in-struct students about their performances (Austin, 1962, p. 5). This research looks at the specific speech act differences identified between nontraditional and tradi-tional judge messages. The analysis suggests …

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