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Assumptions Underlying Behavioral Linkage Revisited: A Multidimensional Approach To Ascertaining Individual Differentiation And Consistency In Serial Rape, Marina Sorochinski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

While investigative use of behavioral evidence to help link and solve serial offenses has been in use for centuries, the empirical and theoretical grounds for whether and how to use this evidence effectively has begun to emerge only in recent years. In order for behavioral crime linking to be validated, two base assumptions must be met: individual differentiation (i.e., that offenses committed by one offender will be distinctly different from those committed by another offender) and consistency (i.e., that a degree of similarity will be apparent across crimes committed by the same offender). The present study empirically tested (a) the …

Collisions Of The Personal And The Public In Post-Realignment California: How Women And Front-Line Workers Manage Post-Incarceration Work, Megan Welsh

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines a largely taken-for-granted aspect of post-incarceration life: the various forms of work associated with rebuilding one's life, and how this work is organized by the institutions that typically process individuals who are reentering society from prison or jail. This project also considers how post-incarceration work has changed in one California county under the Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011 and the subsequent changes made to the state's penal policies as implemented through Assembly Bill 109 (AB 109).

Rooted in the principles of institutional ethnography, a mode of inquiry that examines work processes and how they are coordinated, …

Why Do Victims Not Report?: The Influence Of Police And Criminal Justice Cynicism On The Dark Figure Of Crime, Seokhee Yoon

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Criminologists have considered reporting as an important aspect in the criminal justice process and most studies focus on micro characteristics that influence reporting, such as victim, offender and crime characteristics. The few studies that have explored macro social characteristics dealt mostly with social ties, socioeconomic status and perception of police competency. Scholars have suggested legal cynicism, a cultural frame that views the law and law enforcement agents as illegitimate, unresponsive and ill equipped to ensure public safety (Kirk & Papachristos, 2011), as an important and necessary in victim reporting research (Baumer, 2002; Xie & Lauritsen, 2011). To expand our understanding …

Protecting The Stranger: The Origins Of Us Immigration Regulation In Nineteenth-Century New York, Brendan P. O'Malley

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

From 1847 to 1890, a state authority--not a federal one--oversaw the entry of most immigrants arriving in the United States. The New York State Board of the Commissioners of Emigration supervised the landing of over eight million newcomers in nation's busiest entry point, the Port of New York, during the second half of the nineteenth century. Most were processed at the Board's Castle Garden Emigrant Depot in Battery Park, which opened in 1855. This study demonstrates why and how New York State developed a complex regulatory regime well before the federalization of immigration authority in 1882.

The establishment of this …

Transitional Justice In Sri Lanka: Rethinking Post-War Diaspora Advocacy For Accountability, Mytili Bala

International Human Rights Law Journal

Sri Lanka’s 26-year civil war against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam came to a bloody end in May 2009, amidst allegations of war crimes and crimes against humanity on both sides. Since then, Tamils in the diaspora, long accused of funding the war, have become vocal proponents for war crimes accountability. Some might label certain forms of diaspora advocacy as “lawfare” or “long-distance nationalism.” However, these labels fail to account for the complex memories and identities that shape diaspora advocacy for accountability today. In order for Sri Lanka to move forward from decades of conflict, transitional justice mechanisms to …

The Palermo Protocol: Why It Has Been Ineffective In Reducing Human Sex Trafficking, Christina A. Seideman

Global Tides

This paper analyzes why the UN’s efforts against human trafficking, specifically regarding the Palermo Protocol, have been ineffective in preventing the spread of, and reducing, the human sex trafficking network. It concludes that the broad wording of the Palermo Protocol and the UN’s lack of ability to enforce its legislation, along with statistical irregularities due to self-reporting problems, have made the Palermo Protocol ineffective, and that destination countries (countries that victims are trafficked to) have a large share of the burden to create effective legislation against trafficking. Proposed solutions include holding Palermo Protocol signatory countries accountable to change their legislation, …

Rethinking The Law Of Interrogations And Confessions In Canada, Fariborz Davoudi

PhD Dissertations

This thesis is a discussion about the inadequacy of the Canadian confessions rule in light of what modern forensic psychology reveals about the human mind, and the propensity of legally-sanctioned interrogation tactics to cause suspects to make false confessions. Contemporary forensic psychology research makes it clear that many of the techniques used in police interviewing and interrogation can have the effect of subverting or overbearing an individuals free-choice and can cause them to make a false confession. Yet many of these same techniques are considered acceptable according to the Canadian law of voluntariness.

This thesis examines the confessions rule and …

An Analysis Of The Impact Of Emotional Literacy Instruction On At-Risk Students, Shannon H. Garcia

Dissertations

This study examined the impact of social-emotional literacy instruction for at-risk adolescents ages 13 to 18 at the high school level. Of particular interest is the impact of social-emotional literacy instruction on at-risk youth Grades 9-12 in secondary high schools’ 8-week-long social-emotional literacy class through Project AWARE, particularly in the areas of suspension, expulsion, attendance, connectivity, attitude toward school, resiliency, and relational aggression rates; the data were analyzed using archival data and teacher interview. Project AWARE, the social-emotional literacy intervention examined in this study, educates and provides mentorship for at-risk students, while also providing a group educational component on relationships …

May 23, 2015 (Pages 2447-2580), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau

Volume 45 (2015)

No abstract provided.

Criminal Responsibility For Arbitrators In Chinese Law: Perversion Of Law In Commercial Arbitration, Duan Xiaosong

Pace International Law Review

This article is prompted by a recent Chinese criminal provision governing the impartiality of arbitration. The goals of the article fare to critically examine the new criminal statute created by the provision and to put forward some proposals for reform, which could be employed to resolve the tension that exists between arbitrator impartiality and deference to arbitration. Although the new provision appears to eliminate the abuse of arbitral power, it may raise more questions than it resolves. This article explores the problems and undertakes a comparative analysis of the corresponding U.S. provision, as well as an analysis of some cultural …

Prosecution Of Excessive Force Cases: Practical Considerations, Stephen M. Ryals

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Navajo Therapeutic Jurisprudence, James W. Zion

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Drug Treatment Court: Therapeutic Jurisprudence Applied, Bruce J. Winick, David B. Wexler

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Introduction Symposium: The Varieties Of Therapeutic Experience, A.J. Stephani

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

2015 Commencement Address: Bryan A. Stevenson, Bryan A. Stevenson

Commencement Addresses

Bryan A. Stevenson, founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) in Montgomery, Alabama, will receive an honorary degree from the College of the Holy Cross and address this year’s graduates during the College’s Commencement ceremonies on Friday, May 22 at 10:30 a.m. ET on the campus. Stevenson is the widely acclaimed public interest lawyer who has dedicated his career to helping the poor, the incarcerated, and the condemned. Under his leadership, EJI has won major legal challenges eliminating excessive and unfair sentencing, exonerating innocent death row prisoners, confronting abuse of the incarcerated and the mentally ill, and …

Impact Of Abuse Throughout A Child's Psychological Development, Michael Wurdeman

Counselor Education Capstones

The effects of childhood abuse on development from infancy through adulthood have been studied for many years. Professionals in the field of psychology and counseling have taken a strong interest in how adversity (e.g., abuse) affects developmental progression through Erikson’s psychosocial stages; as often times, this abuse will hinder the development of the child as he or she matures into adulthood. Throughout this paper, the impact of childhood abuse specifically as it pertains to the development of mental health issues and chemical health will be examined.

Discussing Race Online: A Study Of Video Conferencing As A Distance Learning Tool, Leland Gilbert

Communication & Leadership Dissertations and Theses

Teaching tolerance and promotion of diversity is an increasingly important aspect of education programs in the United States (Allen, 2011). Student resistance to ideas related to Critical Race Theory has been documented by numerous scholars, and presents significant challenges to teachers of diversity courses (Alexander-Floyd, 2008, Cooks, 2003, Donadey, 2002, Davis & Steyn, 2012, Heinze, 2008, Johnson & Bhatt, 2003). The distance learning environment presents unique challenges to instructors when dealing with student resistance (Ouzts, 2006), and online diversity education programs may benefit from the utilization of a variety of technologies to facilitate dialogue, discussion, and self-reflection among students (Chang …

Unintended Consequences Of Enforcement In A Fisheries Institution: Results From An Artefactual Experiment In Tanzania, Spencer Maccoll

Master's Theses

Overfishing and the destruction of fishing commons in developing countries is a growing problem. Policymakers and local community leaders are looking for solutions to keep their fishing commons sustainable. Fines and enforcement mechanisms are commonly suggested to help preserve the commons. This paper discusses a novel artefactual experiment conducted throughout several fishing communities in Tanzania to determine the effect of enforcing a ban on illegal fishing gear on fishing behavior. Results indicate that the fishers in the enforcement treatment group depleted the fish stock significantly faster than the unenforced control group. One possible explanation for this result is that the …

Art Therapy Considerations With Transgender Individuals, Bryan A. Schnebelt

LMU Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative research study examines the use of art therapy as a treatment modality with transgender individuals, as well as provides a brief background into transgender identity, in order to recognize considerations for enhanced care of this population. A semi-structured interview approach was applied with art therapists who have utilized art therapy with transgender clients. This study focuses on areas of identity development, aspects of trauma and transphobia and their effects, treatment approaches, and cultural components to working with transgender individuals. Through this research, a recognition of transgender identity as its own cultural entity was found to be important in …

The Effects Of Marijuana Decriminalization On Youth, Nancy Ramirez Hernandez

Symposium Of University Research and Creative Expression (SOURCE)

Research suggests that physical and psychological health problems, as well as the inability to perform well academically and professionally, can be attributed to marijuana use, especially when individuals start smoking or consuming at an early age. Cannabis is not a federally legal substance, thus no regulatory agency exists that assures marijuana and marijuana-laced products are efficient and safe for the public. The lack of this substance’s control has lead to the accidental consumption of marijuana edibles by children, which are a population of particular concern along with adolescents due to the drug’s greater negative effect on their developing brain. Opponents …

Social Media Thoughtcrimes, Daniel S. Harawa

Pace Law Review

As people live out their lives online, what is protected expression and what is criminal speech? This article begins to explore this fine distinction, and advocates for a shift in the way online speech is protected vis-à-vis the First Amendment. Part I provides examples of criminalized social media activity and explores why people seemingly treat online speech as private communications. Part II looks at existing jurisprudence regarding the criminalization of speech and First Amendment protections. And Part III attempts to determine where to draw the line by advocating for a return to simpler times in First Amendment jurisprudence.

Investigating Jurors On Social Media, Caren Myers Morrison

Pace Law Review

This essay proceeds in three parts. First, it examines the current state of jury investigations, and how they differ from those conducted in the past. Then, it describes the evolving legal and ethical positions that are combining to encourage such investigations. Finally, it offers a note of caution–condoning such investigations while keeping them hidden from jurors may be perceived as unfair and exploitative, risking a possible backlash from outraged jurors. Instead, I propose a modest measure to provide notice and explanation to jurors that their online information is likely to be searched, and why.

#Snitches Get Stitches: Witness Intimidation In The Age Of Facebook And Twitter, John Browning

Pace Law Review

In order to better understand witness intimidation in the age of social media, one must examine both the forms it has taken as well as the response by law enforcement and the criminal justice system. As this article points out, the digital age has brought with it a host of new ways in which witnesses may be subjected to online harassment and intimidation across multiple platforms, and those means have been used to target not only victims and fact witnesses but even prosecutors and expert witnesses as well. The article will also examine potential responses to the problem of witness …

Tracking Criminals On Facebook: A Case Study From A Digital Forensics Reu Program, Daniel Weiss, Gary Warner

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

The 2014 Digital Forensics Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) focused its summer efforts on tracking criminal forums and Facebook groups. The UAB-REU Facebook team was provided with a list of about 60 known criminal groups on Facebook, with a goal to track illegal information posted in these groups and ultimately store the information in a searchable database for use by digital forensic analysts. Over the course of about eight weeks, the UAB-REU Facebook team created a database with over 400 Facebook groups conducting criminal activity along with over 100,000 unique users …

Ay 14-15 Meeting 2015-05-21, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

Role Of Personality Style On Bargaining Outcomes, Bryan C. Mccannon, John B. Stevens

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

Purpose: The motivation for the research is to identify whether personality traits can help explain the outcomes that arise in bargaining outcomes.

Design: Experiments with subjects playing the alternating-offers bargaining game are considered. Both full information and asymmetric information treatments are considered. Subjects also complete standardized Myers-Briggs Type Indicator assessments.

Findings: Personality type measurements are shown to help explain the opening offers, rejections, and resulting wealth in the negotiations. It is shown that interactions between the personality dimensions are important and that the interaction between personality and information play a key role in bargaining outcomes.

Research limitations/implications – The research …

The Weekly Challenger, May 21, 2015, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The May 21, 2015, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

What Is Religious Liberty?, Donald Roth

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

"So what is religious liberty? In looking at this question, we should parse the two questions that are embedded in the larger question, looking at religion and liberty for religion separately. From this, especially given the nature of religion, I hope to give some insight into what religious liberty should be, why that is so difficult to achieve, and why Christians have an abiding confidence despite this difficulty."

Posting about religious liberty and what it means for Christians today from In All Things - an online hub committed to the claim that the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ …

The Role Of Offender Perception In Treatment Outcome For Male Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Violence With Co-Occurring Substance Dependency, Andrea Desisti

Theses

Background. This study was designed to address a possible interaction of distorted cognitive processes associated with substance dependency and intimate partner violence (IPV), and the affects on subsequent behavior. Objectives. The primary focus was to investigate the relationship between offender perception (i.e., perception of family problems [FP] and perception of need for treatment for family problems [FPTx]) and treatment outcome (i.e., substance use and violence), among a unique sample of substance dependent male offenders of intimate partner violence. Additional investigations included: (1) the change in perception from baseline to the end of treatment, and (2) treatment modality in relation to …

Easterner, Vol. 66, No. 28, May 20, 2015, Associated Students Of Eastern Washington University

Student Newspapers

This issue of the Easterner contains articles about the EWU World Cup, the track and field performance in the Big Sky championships, an upcoming campus performance by singer Andy Grammer, a survey that measured the perception of Eastern amongst Spokane County residents, and the theater capstone class.