Digital Commons Network^™

Changes On Cran, Kurt Hornik, Achim Zeileis

The R Journal

New packages in CRAN task views

New contributed packages

Other changes

Clustvarlv: An R Package For The Clustering Of Variables Around Latent Variables, Evelyne Vigneau, Mingkun Chen, El Mostafa Qannari

The R Journal

The clustering of variables is a strategy for deciphering the underlying structure of a data set. Adopting an exploratory data analysis point of view, the Clustering of Variables around Latent Variables (CLV) approach has been proposed by Vigneau and Qannari (2003). Based on a family of optimization criteria, the CLV approach is adaptable to many situations. In particular, constraints may be introduced in order to take account of additional information about the observations and/or the variables. In this paper, the CLV method is depicted and the R package ClustVarLV including a set of functions developed so far within this framework …

Zoib: An R Package For Bayesian Inference For Beta Regression And Zero/One Inflated Beta Regression, Fang Liu, Yunchuan Kong

The R Journal

The beta distribution is a versatile function that accommodates a broad range of probability distribution shapes. Beta regression based on the beta distribution can be used to model a response variable y that takes values in open unit interval (0,1). Zero/one inflated beta (ZOIB) regression models can be applied when y takes values from closed unit interval [0,1]. The ZOIB model is based a piecewise distribution that accounts for the probability mass at 0 and 1, in addition to the probability density within (0,1). This paper introduces an R package– zoib that provides Bayesian inferences for a class of ZOIB …

Vsurf: An R Package For Variable Selection Using Random Forests, Robin Genuer, Jean-Michel Poggi, Christine Tuleau-Malot

The R Journal

This paper describes the R package VSURF. Based on random forests, and for both regression and classification problems, it returns two subsets of variables. The first is a subset of important variables including some redundancy which can be relevant for interpretation, and the second one is a smaller subset corresponding to a model trying to avoid redundancy focusing more closely on the prediction objective. The two-stage strategy is based on a preliminary ranking of the explanatory variables using the random forests permutation-based score of importance and proceeds using a stepwise forward strategy for variable introduction. The two proposals can …

Program Committee Report December 2015, Regenstrief Center For Healthcare Engineering

RCHE Reports

No abstract provided.

Leadership Stories: Defining Gender In University Leadership, Tania Carlson Reis

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

The leadership paths of successful women university presidents leading schools listed in the 2010 Carnegie Classification as being Research Universities, Very High Research are identified and described in the following manuscript. Two research questions guided the study: What is the path to the presidency? How do women university presidents recognize and negotiate barriers? Four female presidents were interviewed. The interviews were conducted at the president’s institution. Interviews were hand coded for themes related to the research questions. Findings indicated that women university presidents experience an uneven path to leadership that mirrors the labyrinth described by Eagly and Carli (2007). Participants …

The Difficulties Of Democratic Mercy, Aziz Huq

Articles

No abstract provided.

Living The Past: Bergson, Proust, Deleuze And Nietzsche On Memory And The Self, Danae Mcleod

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Memory is not of the past, it is of the present and it is of the future. This insight, developed by Henri Bergson in Matter and Memory is the subject of this dissertation. Focusing on the figural representations in Matter and Memory, I argue that Bergson presents a dynamic conception of memory that can be read as destabilizing fixed notions of the human subject. I closely examine the implications of Bergson’s positive account of memory, demonstrating that his account is primarily oriented toward showing how memory is useful for action in the present. I continue to develop this dynamic model …

Age Differences In Loneliness: Neural Correlates, Neurogenetics And Functional Connectivity, Alexandra D'Agostino

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Loneliness, defined as the subjective experience of social isolation, has been linked to poor health outcomes (e.g. depression, cardiovascular disease) and is prevalent among older adult populations. To improve upon current treatments, the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors for loneliness and their effect on the brain must be better understood. The present study investigated the brain basis of loneliness in younger (mean age = 20.4) and older adults (mean age = 62.9). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and an emotional picture task to address this question. fMRI data were collected on a 3T Siemens Trio Scanner, …

Discourses On Time In The European Avant-Garde, Aaron Allen Hayes

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In the 1950s and 1960s, European composers, especially those interested in the development of serialism and electronic music, framed many of their aesthetic and compositional challenges as problems of time. This dissertation examines the writings and music of five notable composers from this era, and reconstructs the philosophical discourses that implicitly and explicitly provide the intellectual horizons for these temporal problems. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Karel Goeyvaerts, Pierre Boulez and Jean Barraqué attended the seminar offered by Olivier Messiaen at the Conservatoire National Supérior de Musique de Paris. With the exception of Barraqué, these composers …

Mobilization Lessons From Marcus Garvey And The Universal Negro Improvement Association, Kenneth Andrew Pierce

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This study of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) explains the mobilization successes and failures of a major social movement organization and its leader, Marcus Garvey. The UNIA succeeded in mobilizing millions of Blacks; prior to the UNIA, Black Americans had not developed an organization that produced this level of mobilization. By 1920, Garvey was regarded by both critics and supporters as one of the most important leaders of the African diaspora. This research focuses on the roles of the UNIA’s organizational structure and the Black church in explaining why the UNIA was first highly successful and later collapsed. This …

Deciding What Counts As Persecution: An Analysis Of Gender And Sexual Orientation Asylum Cases In The United States, Cheryl Llewellyn

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In the United States, individuals may apply for asylum if they have a “well-founded†fear of persecution in their country of origin based on one of five enumerated grounds: race, religion, national origin, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the U.S. saw an influx of women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) applicants. While gender and sexual orientation are not specified in the refugee definition, these applicants contended that their persecution could be attributed to their membership in a particular social group. In response to the growing number of …

Meditative Aesthetic, Fiona Naomi Cashell

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Through the use of photography and digital media processes, my art practice explores themes relating to identity, the consciousness of self, home, environment and personal relationships. These themes are explored via an observational approach (external), or, via personal experience (internal); each approach highlighting psychological processes, the vulnerability of self and the commonality of human experience and behavior. In my most recent work, I am using a combination of photography and video, site-specific installation and mixed media applications. Areas of research I am interested in and actively utilize in my work include relational and environmental psychology, cognitive aesthetics, visual communication and …

Ideological Asymmetries In Unconventional Political Participation, Raynee Sarah Gutting

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There is a long-standing ideological asymmetry in protest activity that is observed world-wide. Individuals on the left are far more likely to engage in protest activity than those on the right. This asymmetry is especially important in an era in which young people are far more likely than their elders to engage in various forms of protest and non-electoral activity. But somewhat surprisingly, there has been no careful investigation of this asymmetry to date, a deficiency which I remedy in my dissertation project. I argue that authoritarians, who are more commonly found on the political right than left, help to …

Fight Or Flight: Mobility, Political Behavior, And Nativism In The United States, Yamil Velez

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In recent decades, communities across the United States have seen increases in hostility toward immigrants. Prevailing theories in political science hold that responses to immigration are, in part, a function of local area demographics. However, assessments of these theories suffer from the critique that local area demographics and immigration preferences may be endogenous due to residential self-selection. Recent efforts sidestep this problem by using clever modeling strategies or experiments. Rather than viewing self-selection as a nuisance, however, this article develops and tests a theory that treats migration and political behavior as strategies residents invoke in the presence of local immigration. …

Implications Of Early-Onset Psychiatric Symptoms For Peer Functioning In Middle-Childhood: A Validity And Clinical Significance Approach, Allison Pennock Danzig

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Recent findings indicate that preschoolers experience psychiatric symptoms at rates similar to that of older children and adolescents. However, there are limited data examining the impact of early-onset psychiatric symptoms on subsequent peer functioning. To support the validity and clinical significance of early-emerging symptoms, it is necessary to demonstrate that youth with elevated symptom levels experience significant later difficulties across various domains. Most research linking these constructs has examined the impact of externalizing symptoms on peer functioning cross-sectionally, without consideration of internalizing symptoms. The goals of this study were to derive multiple-informant middle-childhood peer factors, examine the longitudinal impact of …

A Multi-Method Assessment Of Error Sensitivity And Anxiety In Childhood And Adolescence, Alexandria Meyer

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Anxiety disorders are the most frequent form of psychopathology in children and adolescents and often result in chronic impairment. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify markers that characterize normative versus anxious trajectories of development. One promising biomarker of anxiety is altered brain activity in response to errors, as reflected by the event-related potential (ERP), the error-related negativity (ERN). The ERN occurs around the time of error commission and is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). An increased ERN has been consistently found in adults with anxiety disorders. Although the ERN is smaller in children and changes across …

The Effect Of Cognitive Load On Lexical Activation And Competition, Xujin Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Current models of spoken word recognition suggest that multiple lexical candidates are activated in parallel upon hearing an utterance, with these lexical hypotheses competing with each other for recognition. This dissertation includes a set of priming experiments that investigate the effect of cognitive load on multiple lexical activation and competition. The lexicality of the primes (i.e. | Non-Word vs. Word) and the demands of two primary tasks (i.e. | Rhyme vs. Association) were manipulated. In six experiments, I tested performance on the two primary tasks under conditions with no additional cognitive load, or with secondary tasks that either imposed phonological …

Biopower: Foucault And Beyond, Vernon W. Cisney, Nicolae Morar

Gettysburg College Faculty Books

Michel Foucault’s notion of “biopower” has been a highly fertile concept in recent theory, influencing thinkers worldwide across a variety of disciplines and concerns. In The History of Sexuality: An Introduction, Foucault famously employed the term to describe “a power bent on generating forces, making them grow, and ordering them, rather than one dedicated to impeding them, making them submit, or destroying them.” With this volume, Vernon W. Cisney and Nicolae Morar bring together leading contemporary scholars to explore the many theoretical possibilities that the concept of biopower has enabled while at the same time pinpointing their most important …

British Musical Modernism: The Manchester Group And Their Contemporaries By Philip Rupprecht (Review), Justin Vickers

Faculty Publications - Music

No abstract provided.

Adhd Treatment Outcome Difference Between Individual Parent-Child Intervention And Group Parent-Child Intervention With The Same Protocol, Bhupendra Raj Adhikari

Social Work Theses - Archive

This research study aimed to compare between two groups: one with brief parental involvement in ADHD treatment and other with intensive parental involvement in ADHD treatment with the same protocol. This study design is a secondary data analysis of deidentified administrative data set provided by Center for Clinical Social Work (CCSW), UTA School of Social Work plus a mixed methods pre-tests post-test quasi-experimental design study of and ADHD intervention group meeting in the summer 2015 at the Center for Clinical Social Work. The total member of sample size was 36. Due to lack of enough complete pre and post test, …

The Impact Of Community Resources On Violent And Property Crimes, Kingsley Uchechuwku Chigbu

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

Violent and property crimes are of serious consequences across the world, the US and Texas. This research reports the findings of an exploratory study that assessed the relationships between different community resources – jobs and vocational training resources, advocacy resources, law enforcement resources, mental health and substance abuse resources, recreational resources, and social service and parenting resources and both violent and property crimes in 254 counties in Texas. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on a 2012 secondary data of 254 counties in Texas. Data for the independent variables were derived from the US Census Bureau and KIDS COUNT data …

Perceptions Of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (Cpted) At Australian Railway Stations, Paul Cozens, Tiffany Van Der Linde

Journal of Public Transportation

Personal safety and security are essential criteria for measuring the quality of public transport, and research has consistently demonstrated that crime and fear of crime affect levels of patronage. Although authorities throughout the world are implementing Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), research and practice commonly focus on the elements of surveillance, territoriality, and controlling access. Few studies have investigated the CPTED concepts of “image management” or “geographical juxtaposition” (the surrounding environment). This research compares and contrasts the perceptions of rail users and security experts in relation to two railway stations in Perth, Western Australia. One station was designed in …

Perceived Vs. Actual Distance To Transit In Santiago, Chile, Diego Hernández, Regina Witter

Journal of Public Transportation

To plan public transport supply and to increase transit patronage, it is indispensable to be aware of people’s perception of the actual supply, that is, how extensive and accurate people’s knowledge is regarding the concrete features of transport supply, such as the locations of transit stops, timetables, and fare structures. This paper addresses the gap between the perceived and real distances to transit stops. The comparison between the real and perceived supply shows a considerably accurate perception. Nevertheless, a pattern is apparent. Metro supply has a higher overestimation rate than buses, i.e., walking distances are perceived as significantly shorter than …

Full Issue 18(4)

Journal of Public Transportation

No abstract provided.

Green Criminological Concerns & Philosophical Beliefs, Alexander Allen Anderson

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this research project was to test the philosophical argument that people who maintained a dualistic mindset or sustained a belief in the existence of the soul would be less concerned with environmental crime. A survey was collected from a sample of 332 individuals at the University of Texas at Arlington in Arlington, Texas. The survey asked individuals to select on a likert scale how concerned they were with environmental harm. Preceding these, individuals were asked to answer either yes, no, or I don’t know on questions concerning their philosophical beliefs, looking for indicators of dualistic thinking and …

Legal Ethics, Patrick Emery Longan

Mercer Law Review

This survey covers a two-year period from June 1, 2013 to May 31, 2015. The Article discusses noteworthy Georgia appellate cases concerning attorney discipline, disqualification, ineffective assistance of counsel, judicial ethics, and legal malpractice. The Article also discusses two significant opinions from the Formal Advisory Opinion Board, amendments to the Georgia Rules of Professional Conduct, and several recent miscellaneous cases involving legal ethics in Georgia.

Neuro Lie Detection And Mental Privacy, Madison Kilbride, Jason Iuliano

Maryland Law Review

New technologies inevitably raise novel legal questions. This is particularly true of technologies, such as neuro lie detection, that offer new ways to investigate crime. Recently, a number of scholars have asked whether neuro lie detection testing is constitutional. So far, the debate has focused on the Fifth Amendment—specifically whether evidence gathered through neuro lie detection is constitutionally admissible because it is “physical” in nature or inadmissible because it is “testimonial” in nature. Under current Supreme Court doctrine, this Fifth Amendment debate is intractable. However, the more fundamental question of whether the government can compel individuals to undergo a neuro …

Universal Arguments And Particular Arguments On Abortion Rights, Stuart Chinn

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Omani Stakeholders’ Preferences For Educational Placement Of Students With Disabilities, Jalal H. Hussien, Abdelhafez Q. Al-Shayeb, Ibrahim Al-Qaryouti

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The purpose of the current study was to survey the stakeholders’ opinions of the best educational placement setting for students with disabilities in the Sultanate of Oman. Two thou- sand four hundred and thirty stakeholders participated in this study. The findings provided ev- idence that the majority of the Omani stakeholders prefer educating students with disabilities in regular schools over separate facilities. In addition, the stakeholders’ preference on the continu-um of placement options varied significantly. The results also suggested that the stakeholders’ preference for educating students in the regular school setting versus a separate facility varied according to the type …