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2015

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The Spectacle Of Orphanhood: Reimagining Orphans In Postbellum Fiction, Afrin Zeenat Jul 2015

The Spectacle Of Orphanhood: Reimagining Orphans In Postbellum Fiction, Afrin Zeenat

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Orphan iconography has always been deployed in American literature and culture, but nineteenth-century American literature, fiction in particular, abounds in orphans, both real and imaginary. The orphan’s amphibious nature is hailed and demonized as the epitome of individualism and unbridled freedom, and also as the location of society’s anxiety. This complicated and conflicted construction of orphans animates the Social and cultural realm in postbellum America, foregrounding issues of class, race, and gender.

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Immigrant Cosmopolitanism: Jewish-American Immigrant Narratives And Modernist Cosmopolitan Aesthetics, Mindy Renee Trenary Jul 2015

Immigrant Cosmopolitanism: Jewish-American Immigrant Narratives And Modernist Cosmopolitan Aesthetics, Mindy Renee Trenary

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

I propose to show in this study how Jewish-American authors of mass media immigrant works from the first three decades of the 20th century utilize a form of modernist cosmopolitan aesthetics to challenge notions that these works are unworthy of study and appreciation. These authors, not happy with the classifications and aesthetics available to them as immigrant authors, borrow from other ideologies and aesthetic schools to create an aesthetic system meeting the needs of immigrant individuals. In theory, this system, which I have termed 'immigrant cosmopolitanism,' meets the needs of these individuals and capitalizes on the authors' diverse backgrounds and …

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The Problem Of Epistemically Irrelevant Causal Factors, Derek L. Mcallister Jul 2015

The Problem Of Epistemically Irrelevant Causal Factors, Derek L. Mcallister

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The problem of epistemically irrelevant causal factors is an epistemological phenomenon that occurs when a person becomes aware of some non-epistemic, causal factor that threatens to adversely influence her present belief, yet this factor is irrelevant to her deliberation concerning that belief. While the problem itself is apparently relatively widespread, very few have given it a detailed analysis. This thesis is one attempt to improve that. The first part, and the bulk, of this thesis is an analysis and explanation of what exactly the problem is and how it differs from nearby, related epistemological phenomena. The second part is my …

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A Light In Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator, Airic Hughes Jul 2015

A Light In Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator, Airic Hughes

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Oscar Micheaux was a luminary who served as an agent of racial uplift, with a unique message to share with the world on behalf of the culturally marginalized African Americans. He produced projects that conveyed the complexity of the true black experience with passion and creative courage. His films empowered black audiences and challenged conventional stereotypes of black culture and potential. The legacy of Oscar Micheaux is historically unparalleled among his contemporaries. He transcended traditionally held perspectives about what black people could accomplish. The consciousness within his work still heavily influences black entertainment today. This study seeks to add to …

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The Technological Singularity: An Ideological Critique, Phillip Stephens Jul 2015

The Technological Singularity: An Ideological Critique, Phillip Stephens

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Technological Singularity represents a confluence of techno-cultural narratives of progress in which the projected exponential growth of artificial intelligence and nanotechnology will usher in a moment of irrevocable change for the human race – a change that many claim is scant decades away. Although the concept saw its modern clarification by science fiction author Vernor Vinge, the Singularity sits astride both fictional and nonfictional narratives of the future. It is the aim of this study to explore the ideological discourses that emerge from texts on the Singularity and the unfathomable posthuman future it ushers in. Doing so reveals how …

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What The Fuck Is This?: Aesthetic Nature Of Being Or Ontology In The Poetry Of Gerard Manley Hopkins, Alexis Stephenson Jul 2015

What The Fuck Is This?: Aesthetic Nature Of Being Or Ontology In The Poetry Of Gerard Manley Hopkins, Alexis Stephenson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

“What the Fuck is This?” examines the intersection of phenomenology and poetry arguing for an aesthetic nature of Being and focuses on how we know or experience the world instead of Cartesian absolutes. This subjective knowledge does not compete against objective knowledge but simply recognizes the use that poetic language has for communicating the subjective knowledge from experience of being as it unfolds for us. The major movements of the thesis focus on aesthetic objects, aesthetic intersubjectivity, and the aesthetic self. These are labeled “aesthetic” because a phenomenological methodology reveals a dialectic between that which is unfolding and that which …

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The Many Faces Of Cleopatra: How Performance And Characterization Change Cleopatra In Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Legend Of Good Women," William Shakespeare's The Tragedy Of Antony And Cleopatra, And John Dryden's All For Love; Or, The World Well Lost, Rebecca Piazzoni Chatham Jul 2015

The Many Faces Of Cleopatra: How Performance And Characterization Change Cleopatra In Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Legend Of Good Women," William Shakespeare's The Tragedy Of Antony And Cleopatra, And John Dryden's All For Love; Or, The World Well Lost, Rebecca Piazzoni Chatham

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare, and John Dryden presented the character of Cleopatra differently, through both the written language of their pieces and their own and others’ performances of her, in order to meet the demands of their respective audiences and performance conditions. Chaucer, in “The Legend of Cleopatra,” portrays and performs Cleopatra comically. Shakespeare, in his Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra, characterizes Cleopatra as a complex woman. In All for Love; or, The World Well Lost, Dryden characterizes Cleopatra as sentimental, but the performance of her on stage by female actresses added depth to the role. For Chaucer and Dryden, …

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The Growth Of The Russian Orthodox Church In America: Influences During The Tenure Of Bishop Tikhon, Karl Robert Krotke Jul 2015

The Growth Of The Russian Orthodox Church In America: Influences During The Tenure Of Bishop Tikhon, Karl Robert Krotke

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Bishop Tikhon Bellavin spent eight years serving as the head of the Aleutian and North American Diocese for the Russian Orthodox Church. During this period the Diocese underwent structural changes that have had a lasting impact on the church. Tikhon was the right Bishop to lead these transformations because, as this thesis argues, he was educated in new theological thoughts and practices. He was forced into these decisions by the following major changes in the United States: a massive increase in immigration from Eastern Europe containing Orthodox parishioners, settlement of these parishioners predominantly on the east coast, a change in …

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Science And Charity: Rival Catholic Visions For Humanitarian Practice At The End Of French Rule In Cameroon, Charlotte Walker-Said Jul 2015

Science And Charity: Rival Catholic Visions For Humanitarian Practice At The End Of French Rule In Cameroon, Charlotte Walker-Said

Publications and Research

This paper explores the conflict between local expressions of Christian charity and new theories of scientific humanitarianism in the final years of French rule in Africa. Compassionate phenomena inspired by Catholic social organizing had transformed everyday life throughout French Cameroon’s cities and villages in the interwar and postwar years, and yet, in 1950, poverty, crime, poor public health, and social tensions remained prevalent. Seeking a more deeply transformative approach to social rehabilitation, ecclesiastical leaders in the Catholic Church in Europe and French foreign missionary societies in Africa partnered with international medical and scientific organizations in order to invigorate charity with …

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Monstrosities, Money, & Machines: A Metaphoric Analysis Of Fantasy Football As A Social World, Arthur Alexander Aguirre Jul 2015

Monstrosities, Money, & Machines: A Metaphoric Analysis Of Fantasy Football As A Social World, Arthur Alexander Aguirre

Communication ETDs

In this study, the world of fantasy football is examined through the lens of the ethnography of communication and the utilization of metaphor/cluster analysis. Fantasy football has emerged as a highly popular sports-related activity and has become a multi-million dollar industry. By analyzing two popular fantasy football podcasts, I explore the use of metaphors within the social world of fantasy football. Through an examination of these metaphors, 11 defined metaphor categories emerged. I explored the context in which these metaphors were used to determine the premises needed to employ these terms and meanings. Finally, by analyzing these premises, terms, and …

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Using Tweets To Help Sentence Compression For News Highlights Generation, Zhongyu Wei, Yang Liu, Chen Li, Wei Gao Jul 2015

Using Tweets To Help Sentence Compression For News Highlights Generation, Zhongyu Wei, Yang Liu, Chen Li, Wei Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We explore using relevant tweets of a given news article to help sentence compression for generating compressive news highlights. We extend an unsupervised dependency-tree based sentence compression approach by incorporating tweet information to weight the tree edge in terms of informativeness and syntactic importance. The experimental results on a public corpus that contains both news articles and relevant tweets show that our proposed tweets guided sentence compression method can improve the summarization performance significantly compared to the baseline generic sentence compression method.

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A Convolution Kernel Approach To Identifying Comparisons In Text, Maksim Tkachenko, Hady W. Lauw Jul 2015

A Convolution Kernel Approach To Identifying Comparisons In Text, Maksim Tkachenko, Hady W. Lauw

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Comparisons in text, such as in online reviews, serve as useful decision aids. In this paper, we focus on the task of identifying whether a comparison exists between a specific pair of entity mentions in a sentence. This formulation is transformative, as previous work only seeks to determine whether a sentence is comparative, which is presumptuous in the event the sentence mentions multiple entities and is comparing only some, not all, of them. Our approach leverages not only lexical features such as salient words, but also structural features expressing the relationships among words and entity mentions. To model these features …

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Characterization And Decoding Of Speech Representations From The Electrocorticogram, Shreya Chakrabarti Jul 2015

Characterization And Decoding Of Speech Representations From The Electrocorticogram, Shreya Chakrabarti

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Millions of people worldwide suffer from various neuromuscular disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brainstem stroke, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, and others, which adversely affect the neural control of muscles or the muscles themselves. The patients who are the most severely affected lose all voluntary muscle control and are completely locked-in," i.e., they are unable to communicate with the outside world in any manner. In the direction of developing neuro-rehabilitation techniques for these patients, several studies have used brain signals related to mental imagery and attention in order to control an external device, a technology known as a brain-computer …

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Signaling Instructional Video For Mathematics, Kimberly W. Milner Jul 2015

Signaling Instructional Video For Mathematics, Kimberly W. Milner

STEMPS Theses & Dissertations

Video provides an increasingly valuable medium for delivery of instruction in a growing number of content areas. Growth of online instructional applications has been prompted by expansion of the Internet and video streaming technology, adding to the need for design practices that produce more effective and efficient instructional videos. This study examined the use of signaling for multimedia to reduce cognitive overload and increase mental effort when learning mathematical concepts and procedures from instructional video. Signaling addresses the issue of directing the learner's attention by using visual or verbal cues that stress importance and organization (Mayer, 2009). Effectively signaled instructional …

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Enduring Acequias: Wisdom Of The Land, Knowledge Of The Water By Juan Estevan Arellano, Bianca Smoker Jul 2015

Enduring Acequias: Wisdom Of The Land, Knowledge Of The Water By Juan Estevan Arellano, Bianca Smoker

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

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Speaking In Circles: Interpretation And Visitor Experience At Chaco Culture National Historic Park, Maren Else Svare Jul 2015

Speaking In Circles: Interpretation And Visitor Experience At Chaco Culture National Historic Park, Maren Else Svare

Anthropology ETDs

This study treats Chaco Culture National Historic Park (CCNHP) as a museum space with the National Park Service (NPS) as the head curator. As a museum space and a World Heritage site, Chaco is a place of knowledge production and consumption, with interpretation structured to relay a narrative of Chaco as a thriving prehistoric civilization and to foster an environment where visitors can create idiosyncratic relationships with the space. Trail guides, Wayside Exhibits, and Park ranger interaction constitute formal interpretive resources for visitors to interact with sites in the canyon. These processes are both easily available and easily avoidable for …

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The Ideal Citoyenne: Women, Class, & The French Revolution In Philibert Louis Debucourt's Fine-Art Prints, Kelsey Martin Jul 2015

The Ideal Citoyenne: Women, Class, & The French Revolution In Philibert Louis Debucourt's Fine-Art Prints, Kelsey Martin

Art & Art History ETDs

Philibert Louis Debucourt's (1755 - 1832) fête galante and domestic genre prints treated women, their social positions, and their experiences of love and relationships as a primary subject, and participated in the rapidly shifting political, economical, and social structure of the years surrounding the 1789 Revolution. These prints aided in the construction of appropriate and inappropriate female behavior of the ideal citoyenne through the representation of eighteenth-century beliefs regarding female sexuality and its class associations. It is in Debucourt's domestic genre scenes that the virtue and serenity of women are clear, validating women's prominence as wives and mothers within the …

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The Orientalism Of Edgar Allan Poe: The Allure Of The Middle East In Al-Aaraaf, Sohaib Kamal Al-Kamal Jul 2015

The Orientalism Of Edgar Allan Poe: The Allure Of The Middle East In Al-Aaraaf, Sohaib Kamal Al-Kamal

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

This thesis explores the Orientalist discourse in four of Edgar Allan Poe's poems and two of his prose essays. The major aspects of Orientalism examined in Poe's works rely on the theoretical ideas of Edward Said's Orientalism and other ideas developed by important Arab writers. Said and other Arab writers agree that Islam is the locus of any study of Orientalism. This thesis focuses on the major role of Oriental imagery that it plays in Poe's early poems. It also examines two of his prose essays to help understand central aspects of Poe's orientalia which are also reflected in his …

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The Impact Of A Mentoring/Financial Incentive Program On At-Risk High School Students, Sean Timothy Galvin Jul 2015

The Impact Of A Mentoring/Financial Incentive Program On At-Risk High School Students, Sean Timothy Galvin

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This mixed methods study describes some outcomes of "Champions of Wayne," a privately funded mentoring/incentive program at an impoverished high school near Detroit. Over 500 students enroll in the program annually. The program involves providing high school students who choose to participate both adult mentoring and a $200 incentive to improve one's grades each semester. The quantitative component of this study analyzes GPA data, while a multiple case study of six participants explores mentoring relationships and experiences. In a comparison of the GPA of participants versus non-participants, program participants significantly improve their grades when compared to those student who do …

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Enhancing Apprentice Training Through Supervision Of Work Experience, J. Scott Christman Jul 2015

Enhancing Apprentice Training Through Supervision Of Work Experience, J. Scott Christman

STEMPS Theses & Dissertations

To remain globally competitive, U.S. companies need to consider new strategies for developing a workforce. The apprenticeship model has been identified as a viable solution for companies to invest. The problem of this study was to determine if an apprenticeship experience was enhanced by the type of supervision given during the work-related component of a program. To aid current and potential companies offering apprenticeship programs, this study identified a population of apprentices (N = 877), tracked them from entry into the program until five years after graduating, and analyzed their outcomes relative to program completion, academic GPA, work-related GPA, …

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Phonetic Training Significantly Mitigates The Stress ‘Deafness’ Of French Speakers, Angela C. Carpenter Jun 2015

Phonetic Training Significantly Mitigates The Stress ‘Deafness’ Of French Speakers, Angela C. Carpenter

Faculty Research and Scholarship

Stress ‘deafness’ refers to the inconsistent perception and/or processing of phonological stress by speakers of fixed stress languages such as French. This paper briefly reports on the results of a study in which French and English participants performed an ABX word stress task, similar to Dupoux et al.’s (1997) Experiment 1. A group of French and a group of English speakers received phonetic training designed to improve perception while two other groups of French and English speakers received no training. The training was an adaptation of the perceptual fading technique, which exposes listeners to stressed syllables that exaggerate the durational …

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Small Business Borrowing And Peer-To-Peer Lending: Evidence From Lending Club, Adam Nowak, Amanda Ross, Christopher Yencha Jun 2015

Small Business Borrowing And Peer-To-Peer Lending: Evidence From Lending Club, Adam Nowak, Amanda Ross, Christopher Yencha

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

This study is interested in the ability of borrowers and lenders to signal to each other in the peer-to-peer lending market. We focus on small business loans and investigate the relationship between the loan description that a borrower provides and the impact of this description on the potential funding of the loan by investors. We find that the loan descriptions in the data can be used to predict the probability that the entire loan will be funded. In addition, we also find that an index created from a textual analysis of the loan description can be used to forecast the …

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Giving Literacy, Learning Literacy: Service Learning And School Book Drives, Anne Walker Jun 2015

Giving Literacy, Learning Literacy: Service Learning And School Book Drives, Anne Walker

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Service‐learning can provide a range of literacy learning experiences for children as they work to solve real world problems and engage in inquiry, collaboration and reflection. Rather than being an extracurricular activity, service‐learning projects are designed to meet standards and align with existing curriculum. This article explores how teachers can engage their students in literacy‐based service learning using the example of a book drive that supported literacy and children's libraries in Ethiopia. The article draws on both scholarly research and personal experience and provides practical information and resources.

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Addressing Disparities In Access To Information For Hispanic Families Of Children With Special Health Care Needs, Suzanne M. Bronheim, Sandra Soto, Bruno J. Anthony Jun 2015

Addressing Disparities In Access To Information For Hispanic Families Of Children With Special Health Care Needs, Suzanne M. Bronheim, Sandra Soto, Bruno J. Anthony

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objectives: Utilizing a diffusion of innovation (DOI) framework, the study seeks to increase access to information for Hispanic families of children with special health care needs (SHCN) by increasing their use of Family-to-family Centers (F2Fs) in their states. Methods: Focus groups were implemented of both English-speaking and Spanish-speaking Hispanic families in two states with a confirming Delphi procedure exploring factors within DOI framework related to using F2Fs and the nature of current family communication networks. Results: Families seeking information at key change points turn to formal sources, although Spanish-speaking families, noted that due to language barriers, they also turned to …

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Asperger's Disorder, High-Functioning Autism, And Guardianship In Ohio, Michael E. Bloom Jun 2015

Asperger's Disorder, High-Functioning Autism, And Guardianship In Ohio, Michael E. Bloom

Akron Law Review

Early in the 1940s, two men, worlds apart and unaware of each other’s work, used the term “autism” to describe children that had remarkably similar characteristics, namely core impairments in socialization, communication, and imagination. In the United States in 1943, Leo Kanner published an account of “early infantile autism,” describing children with impaired social interaction, impaired communication, and stereotyped behaviors and interests.Kanner’s children seemed to relate better to objects than people. In Austria in 1944, Hans Asperger used the term “autistic psychopathy” to describe children with impaired social interaction, behavioral oddities, and poor coordination. Asperger’s children, who displayed no delay …

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Why "Privileges Or Immunities"? An Explanation Of The Framers' Intent, William J. Rich Jun 2015

Why "Privileges Or Immunities"? An Explanation Of The Framers' Intent, William J. Rich

Akron Law Review

In the Slaughter-House Cases, Justice Field accused the majority of turning the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges or Immunities Clause into a “vain and idle enactment which accomplished nothing,” and Justice Swayne argued that the majority “turn[ed] . . . what was meant for bread into a stone.” Most contemporary commentators appear to agree... Did the framers of the Fourteenth Amendment make a colossal mistake? Or were Justices Field and Swayne correct when they blamed Justice Miller’s majority opinion in Slaughter-House for leading the nation astray? Answers to these questions, in the pages that follow, are “no” to the first, and a …

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Electronic Data, Electronic Searching, Inadvertent Production Of Privileged Data: A Perfect Storm, Donald Wochna Jun 2015

Electronic Data, Electronic Searching, Inadvertent Production Of Privileged Data: A Perfect Storm, Donald Wochna

Akron Law Review

This article suggests that the practical impact of treating electronic searching as an expert function is to permit attorneys to focus and strategize on the process of electronic searching rather than on the completeness of document production. In effect, electronic searching permits attorneys to quit focusing on finding documents and begin focusing on identifying electronic sources of information on which reside relevant documents that can be extracted by means of electronic searching protocols.

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Longitudinal Effects Of School Climate On Middle-School Students' Academic, Social-Emotional And Behavioral Outcomes, Jennifer Lynn Engelland-Schultz Jun 2015

Longitudinal Effects Of School Climate On Middle-School Students' Academic, Social-Emotional And Behavioral Outcomes, Jennifer Lynn Engelland-Schultz

Theses and Dissertations

Millions of youth are at risk for low academic achievement, school dropout, risky behavior, bullying, and mental health concerns, especially those living in rural areas. Protective factors can reduce the likelihood of children and adolescents experiencing these negative outcomes. Research shows that positive school climate is a powerful protective factor for youth. The present study investigated the longitudinal relations between middle school students' school climate perceptions and their academic, social-emotional, and behavioral development over two years. Specifically, 510 students in grades 5-9 from six rural schools rated their support and influence at school as well as their internalizing problems, personal …

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Lakeside View: Sociocultural Responses To Changing Water Levels Of Lake Turkana, Kenya, David K. Wright, Steven L. Forman, Purity Kiura, Christopher Bloszies, Amanuel Beyin Jun 2015

Lakeside View: Sociocultural Responses To Changing Water Levels Of Lake Turkana, Kenya, David K. Wright, Steven L. Forman, Purity Kiura, Christopher Bloszies, Amanuel Beyin

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Throughout the Holocene, Lake Turkana has been subject to drastic changes in lake levels and the subsistence strategies people employ to survive in this hot and arid region. In this paper, we reconstruct the position of the lake during the Holocene within a paleoclimatic context. Atmospheric forcing mechanisms are discussed in order to contextualize the broader landscape changes occurring in eastern Africa over the last 12,000 years. The Holocene is divided into five primary phases according to changes in the strand-plain evolution, paleoclimate, and human subsistence strategies practiced within the basin. Early Holocene fishing settlements occurred adjacent to high and …

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June 26, 2015, Ohio University Board Of Trustees Meeting Minutes, Ohio University Board Of Trustees Jun 2015

June 26, 2015, Ohio University Board Of Trustees Meeting Minutes, Ohio University Board Of Trustees

Board of Trustees Meeting Minutes

Meeting minutes document the activities of Ohio University's Board of Trustees.

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