Digital Commons Network^™

International Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identifies New Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Risk Loci And Targetable Pathogenic Pathways, H. J. Cordell, Y. Han, G. F. Mells, Y. Li, G. M. Hirschfield, C. S. Greene, G. Xie, B. D. Juran, K. A. Siminovitch, P. Gregersen, +14 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune liver disease for which effective immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Here we perform meta-analyses of discovery data sets from genome-wide association studies of European subjects (n=2,764 cases and 10,475 controls) followed by validation genotyping in an independent cohort (n=3,716 cases and 4,261 controls). We discover and validate six previously unknown risk loci for PBC (Pcombined10(-8)) and used pathway analysis to identify JAK-STAT/IL12/IL27 signalling and cytokine-cytokine pathways, for which relevant therapies exist.

Widespread Non-Additive And Interaction Effects Within Hla Loci Modulate The Risk Of Autoimmune Diseases, T. Lencz, A. J. Deutsch, B. Han, X. Hu, Y. Okada, S. Eyre, M. Knapp, A. Zhernakova, P. K. Gregersen, S. Raychaudhuri, +27 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes confer substantial risk for autoimmune diseases on a log-additive scale. Here we speculated that differences in autoantigen-binding repertoires between a heterozygote's two expressed HLA variants might result in additional non-additive risk effects. We tested the non-additive disease contributions of classical HLA alleles in patients and matched controls for five common autoimmune diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (ncases = 5,337), type 1 diabetes (T1D; ncases = 5,567), psoriasis vulgaris (ncases = 3,089), idiopathic achalasia (ncases = 727) and celiac disease (ncases = 11,115). In four of the five diseases, we observed highly significant, non-additive dominance effects (rheumatoid arthritis, …

The Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Opisthorchis Viverrini Is A Reservoir For Species Of Helicobacter., Raksawan Deenonpoe, Chariya Chomvarin, Chawalit Pairojkul, Yaowalux Chamgramol, Alex Loukas, Paul J. Brindley, Banchob Sripa

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

There has been a strong, positive correlation between opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma and infection with Helicobacter. Here a rodent model of human infection with Opisthorchis viverrini was utilized to further investigate relationships of apparent co-infections with O. viverrini and H. pylori. A total of 150 hamsters were assigned to five groups: i) Control hamsters not infected with O. viverrini; ii) O. viverrini-infected hamsters; iii) non-O. viverrini infected hamsters treated with antibiotics (ABx); iv) O. viverrini-infected hamsters treated with ABx; and v) O. viverrini-infected hamsters treated both with ABx and praziquantel (PZQ). Stomach, gallbladder, liver, colonic tissue, colorectal feces and O. viverrini worms …

Comparison Of Findings Using Ultrasonography And Cystoscopy In Urogenital Schistosomiasis In A Public Health Centre In Rural Angola, Julio Santos, Jacinta Chaves, Heriberto Araujo, Nuno Vale, Jose Manuel Costa, Paul J. Brindley, Carlos Lopes, Jean Naples, Clive Shiff, Jorge Dupret, Lucio Lara Santos

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Background. Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease caused by infection with parasitic worms of the genus Schistosoma. In sub-Saharan Africa, infections with S. haematobium are most common. Cystoscopic examination (CE) has been accepted as the gold-standard test for detecting the late manifestations of schistosomiasis, including urothelial cancer of the bladder. However, this procedure is invasive and 10 - 40% of tumours may remain undetected. A non-invasive examination and a new generation of biomarkers are needed for better monitoring of the disease.

Objective. To assess the usefulness of ultrasound (US) scans for monitoring of structural urinary tract disease by local public health …

Timeliness Of Patient Discharges: A Comparison Of The Acute Care Discharge Process For Medical And Surgical Patients, Robert Moore

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Patient flow is becoming increasingly important to the efficient operations of an acute healthcare setting. Multiple factors peaking in their influence on the number of patients seeking healthcare services are on a collision course. When the true impact is felt in healthcare the potential for record numbers of patients to seek acute medical care are high. It is imperative to streamline patient flow processes to ensure healthcare facilities have the ability to provide the care sought by patients in a timely manner. This study’s purpose was to assist in increasing the number of patients an acute care facility can provide …

The Role Of Fdi, Oda, Remittances, And Institutions On Economic Development In Developing Countries, William Manak

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper seeks to evaluate the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI), official development assistance (ODA), and migrant remittances to economic growth in developing countries, while also taking into account the qualities of the institutions of the countries. This study uses the linear system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method as developed by Blundell and Bond (1998). Current research has been focused on adding institutions to growth models to understand how institutional quality can help improve outcomes in developing countries. This paper plans to further the discussion on how institutional quality affects FDI, ODA, and remittances. Institutional quality is measured …

Hsc Code Of Ethics, Health And Sciences Center

UNM HLC 2018-19 Assurance Argument Evidence

The complete Health Science Center Code of Ethics that aims to be complete resource for ethical questions and policies applicable to the total community of the HSC made up of faculty, staff, vendors, students, and volunteers. The code includes information on ethical considerations in research (24-28), as well as general guidelines for professionalism (3-14).

Association Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus Activity And Pneumococcal Disease In Infants: A Time Series Analysis Of Us Hospitalization Data., Daniel M. Weinberger, Keith P. Klugman, Claudia A. Steiner, Lone Simonsen, Cécile Viboud

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

The importance of bacterial infections following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains unclear. We evaluated whether variations in RSV epidemic timing and magnitude are associated with variations in pneumococcal disease epidemics and whether changes in pneumococcal disease following the introduction of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) were associated with changes in the rate of hospitalizations coded as RSV.

METHODS AND FINDINGS:

We used data from the State Inpatient Databases (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality), including >700,000 RSV hospitalizations and >16,000 pneumococcal pneumonia hospitalizations in 36 states (1992/1993-2008/2009). Harmonic regression was used to estimate the timing of the average seasonal …

2015 Ipm Annual Report—New Hope For Women's Hiv Prevention, International Partnership For Microbicides

International Partnership for Microbicides (IPM)

No abstract provided.

Ex Vivo Effects Of Water Extracts Of Sericea Lespedeza On Cow, Sheep And Goat Blood, Emmanuel K. Asiamah

Theses

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a water extract of Sericea Lespedeza (SL), the lipid raft inhibitor NYS and known pathogen associated molecular patterns (LPS and PGN) on gene activation in ruminant (cow, sheep and goat) blood. Sericea Lespedeza, a high tannin containing legume has been shown to be a useful component of feed for control of gastro intestinal nematodes in ruminants. Blood was collected from four adult female Holstein Friesian cows (N=4), Spanish x Boer goats (N=4) and St Croix sheep (N=4) and incubated with 100 ng /mL-1 of SL in the presence and absence of …

Doctorate Of Osteopathic Medicine Overview, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

The Changing Function And Structure Of International Law, Joel P. Trachtman

Florida State University Journal of Transnational Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

International Regionalism And National Constitutions: A Jurimetric Assessment, Philippe De Lombaerde, Liliana Lizarozo Rodriguez

Florida State University Journal of Transnational Law & Policy

This Article considers a large global sample of constitutional texts (i.e. 171 constitutions from 153 countries) and assesses to what extent and how they refer to the increasingly important phenomenon of international regionalism (or regional integration) and how they deal with potential sources of tensions and contradictions between the national legal systems and the emerging regional regulatory universes. A typology of clauses is therefore proposed. In addition, some evidence is presented on the evolution of constitutional references over time and on the relationship between constitutional referencing and the depth of the de facto and de jure regionalization processes.

2015 Annual Campus Security And Fire Safety Report, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, University Police, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln

University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University Police

2015 Annual Campus Security and Fire Safety Report, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Safety and security information for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, including crime and fire statistics for the 2014 calendar year, and the information required by the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1989. All data are submitted to the United States Department of Education according to law.

Humoral Immune Response Against Nontargeted Tumor Antigens After Treatment With Sipuleucel-T And Its Association With Improved Clinical Outcome, D. Guhathakurta, N. A. Sheikh, L. Q. Fan, H. Kandadi, T. C. Meagher, S. J. Hall, J. B. Whitmore, M. W. Frohlich, J. B. Trager, C. G. Drake, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: Antitumor activity of cancer immunotherapies may elicit immune responses to nontargeted (secondary) tumor antigens, or antigen spread. We evaluated humoral antigen spread after treatment with sipuleucel-T, an immunotherapy for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), designed to target prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP; primary antigen). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Serum samples from patients with mCRPC enrolled in the placebo-controlled phase III IMPACT study (evaluable n = 142) were used to assess humoral antigen spread after treatment with sipuleucel-T. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to self-antigens (including tumor antigens) were surveyed using protein microarrays and confirmed using Luminex xMAP. IgG responses …

Effects Of Parvovirus B19 Infection In Renal Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Review Of Three Cases, P. Krishnan, P. Ramadas, P. P. Rajendran, P. Madhavan, A. Alex, V. Jayaschandran, S. G. Humayun, N. Ali, M. Sachdeva, A. Flecha, A. Basu, M. Bhaskaran, E. P. Molmenti

Journal Articles

Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is a DNA virus which causes clinically relevant infection in renal transplant recipients (RTR) leading to significant morbidity. Manifestations include erythropoietin resistant anemia, proteinuria, and glomerulosclerosis in the allograft. Severe infection may require administration of intravenous immunoglobulin, reduction in immunosuppression and transfusions. The major challenge in managing and preventing the infection in RTR involves the act of balancing the decreased level of immunosuppression and the risk of rejection. The objective of this article is to understand the importance of PVB19 infection and its outcome in RTR. We reviewed the medical records of three RTR with confirmed PVB19 …

Unveiling Perceptions Of Food Safety Scandals In China: An Exploratory Study With Search Engine, Xiang Chen, Bo Zhao, Emily Blackard

Faculty Publications - Emergency Management & Homeland Security

Introduction Food security, known as access to sufficient and nutritious food for all household members at all times (Reutlinger, 1986), has been heavily investigated by entities from across the public and academic spectrums in recent years. In developed nations, food security primarily explores how food can be physically accessed and readily purchased and if levels of food access relate to socioeconomic status, rate of obesity, or the contingent health consequences (Black et al., 2014). In developing countries like China, the topic of food security has been investigated with increasing frequency and depth in the particular arena of food safety (Cheng, …

Maine's Climate Future 2015 Update, University Of Maine

Publications

No abstract provided.

Absence Of Neutralizing Antibodies Against Influenza A/H5n1 Virus Among Children In Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, Benjawan Khuntirat, Christopher S. Love, Darunee Buddhari, Gary L. Heil, Robert V. Gibbons, Alan L. Rothman, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Gregory C. Gray, In-Kyu Yoon

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

Background: Influenza A/H5N1 actively circulated in Kamphaeng Phet (KPP), Thailand from 2004 to 2006. A prospective longitudinal cohort study of influenza virus infection in 800 adults conducted during 2008–2010 in KPP suggested that subclinical or mild H5N1 infections had occurred among this adult cohort. However, this study was conducted after the peak of H5N1 activity in KPP. Coincidentally, banked serum samples were available from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of primary school children who had undergone active surveillance for febrile illnesses from 2004 to 2007 and lived in the same district of KPP as the adult cohort.

Objectives: We sought …

Understanding Host-Switching By Ecological Fitting, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Mariana Pires Braga, Daniel R. Brooks, Salvatore J. Agosta, Eric P. Hoberg, Francisco W. Von Hartenthal, Walter A. Boeger

Biology Publications

Despite the fact that parasites are highly specialized with respect to their hosts, empirical evidence demonstrates that host switching rather than co-speciation is the dominant factor influencing the diversification of host-parasite associations. Ecological fitting in sloppy fitness space has been proposed as a mechanism allowing ecological specialists to host-switch readily. That proposal is tested herein using an individual-based model of host switching. The model considers a parasite species exposed to multiple host resources. Through time host range expansion can occur readily without the prior evolution of novel genetic capacities. It also produces non-linear variation in the size of the fitness …

Structural Studies Of Aav2 Rep68 Reveal A Partially Structured Linker And Compact Domain Conformation, Faik N. Musayev, Francisco Zarate-Perez, Martino Bardelli, Clayton Bishop, Emil F. Saniev, R. Michael Linden, Els Henckaerts, Carlos R. Escalante

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) nonstructural proteins Rep78 and Rep68 carry out all DNA transactions that regulate the AAV life cycle. They share two multifunctional domains: an N-terminal origin binding/nicking domain (OBD) from the HUH superfamily and a SF3 helicase domain. A short linker of ~20 amino acids that is critical for oligomerization and function connects the two domains. Although X-ray structures of the AAV5 OBD and AAV2 helicase domains have been determined, information about the full-length protein and linker conformation is not known. This article presents the solution structure of AAV2 Rep68 using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We first determined the …

Prevalence And Factors Predictive Of Intraocular Fungal Infection In Patients With Fungemia At An Academic Urban Tertiary Care Center, Elena Geraymovych, Joseph H. Conduff, Puneet S. Braich, Christopher T. Leffler, Vikram S. Brar

Ophthalmology Publications

Objective: To report the prevalence and to identify factors predictive of intraocular infection in patients with fungemia receiving prophylactic antifungal therapy.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received prophylactic antifungal therapy and a dilated fundus examination at an academic urban tertiary care center from 2000 to 2007. Basic demographic information, fungal species grown, antifungal agent(s) used, number of positive blood culture specimens, visual acuity, visual symptoms, and known risks of disseminated candidiasis were noted. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors significantly associated with intraocular fungal infection.
Results: A total of 132 patients with positive fungemia culture …

Chemokine Function In Periodontal Disease And Oral Cavity Cancer, Sinem Esra Sahingur, W. Andrew Yeudall

Periodontics Publications

The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and inflammation, as well as stimulation of cell proliferation. As such, they function as antimicrobial molecules and play a central role in host defenses against pathogen challenge. However, their ability to recruit leukocytes and potentiate or prolong the inflammatory response may have profound implications for the progression of oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis, where tissue destruction may be widespread. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that chronic inflammation is a key component of tumor …

Minimum Information About A Biosynthetic Gene Cluster, M. H. Medema, R. Kottmann, P. Yilmaz, M. Cummings, J. B. Biggins, K. Blin, I. De Bruijn, Y. H. Chooi, J. Claesen, J. M. Willey, +144 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Health Injustice And Justice In Health: The Role Of Law And Public Policy In Generating, Perpetuating, And Responding To Racial And Ethnic Health Disparities Before And After The Affordable Care Act, Daryll C. Dykes

William Mitchell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Salmonella In Camels, Cattle, Goats, And Sheep Harvested For Meat In Riyadh, Joseph M. Bosilevac, Mustafa A. Gassem, Ibraheem A. Al Sheddy, Salah A. Almaiman, Ibrahim S. Al-Mohizea, Abdullah Alowaimer, Mohammad Koohmaraie

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella are significant foodborne pathogens that can be found in the feces and on the hides of meat animals. When hides are removed during the harvest process, the carcass and subsequent meat products can become contaminated. Camels, cattle, sheep, and goats are harvested for meat in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella are unknown in these animals, and it is assumed that if the animals carry the pathogens in their feces or on their hides, meat products are likely to become contaminated. To this end, a minimum of 206 samples …

Efficacy Of Antimicrobial Compounds On Surface Decontamination Of Seven Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia Coli And Salmonella Inoculated Onto Fresh Beef, Norasak Kalchayanand, Terrance M. Arthur, Joseph M. Bosilevac, John W. Schmidt, Rong Wang, Steven Shackelford, Tommy L. Wheeler

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Several antimicrobial compounds have been used in commercial meat processing plants for decontamination of pathogens on beef carcasses, but there are many commercially available, novel antimicrobial compounds that may be more effective and suitable for use in beef processing pathogen-reduction programs. Sixty-four prerigor beef flanks (cutaneous trunci) were used in a study to determine whether hypobromous acid, neutral acidified sodium chlorite, and two citric acid–based antimicrobial compounds effectively reduce seven Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups and Salmonella on the surface of fresh beef. Two cocktail mixtures were inoculated onto prerigor beef flank surfaces. Cocktail mixture 1 was composed of …

09. Environmental Science, Northeastern State University

Oklahoma Research Day Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Unjust Barriers: Prenatal Care And Undocumented Immigrants, Casey Colleen Lee

Journal of Contemporary Health Law & Policy (1985-2015)

No abstract provided.

Apopo Annual Report 2015, Apopo

Global CWD Repository

I first met the amazing HeroRATs in 2008 when I was an APOPO deminer detecting landmines in Mozambique. I had been invited to APOPO’s HQ and Training & Research Center in Tanzania and was about to embark on my new career as a Mine Detection Rat Handler. Although I had worked with trained dogs before I was still amazed at the rat’s abilities; their speed and accuracy. The Tanzania team taught me about scent detection theory and technology, as well as animal welfare and veterinary skills. In return I told them about the suffering in my country. At that time, …