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The Scientist, 2015, San Jose State University, College Of Science

The Scientist (College of Science)

No abstract provided.

Raising Pan Americans: Early Women Activists Of Hemispheric Cooperation, 1916–1944, Dina Berger

History: Faculty Publications and Other Works

This article examines the early years of the Pan American Round Table (PART), a women’s group founded in Texas in 1916 that internationalized to Latin America by 1928. While men built bridges and highways that connected the United States and Latin America, women of the PART built metaphorical ones of friendship and understanding. They acted as agents of “soft” diplomacy reshaping Pan Americanism, a U.S. foreign policy goal intended to foster commercial and political ties and to spread democracy in Latin America. Their activist work on behalf of Pan Americanism became a vehicle for personal and community enrichment: through education …

Determination Of Heavy Metals Concentration In Traditional Herbs Commonly Consumed In The United Arab Emirates, Rania Dghaim, Safa Al Khatib, Husna Rasool, Munawwar Ali Khan

All Works

Copyright © 2015 Rania Dghaim et al. Herbs are extensively consumed in the United Arab Emirates for their flavoring and medicinal properties. This study aimed at determining the concentration of heavy metals in selected traditional herbs consumed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A total of 81 samples of seven herbs, parsley (Petroselinumcrispum), basil (Ocimum basilicum), sage (Salvia officinalis), oregano (Origanum vulgare), mint (Mentha spicata), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), were purchased from the local market in Dubai and analyzed for their cadmium, lead, copper, iron, and zinc contents. Microwave-assisted digestion was applied for the dissolution of the …

Computer Forensic Projects For Accountants, Grover S. Kearns

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Digital attacks on organizations are becoming more common and more sophisticated. Firms are interested in providing data security and having an effective means to respond to attacks. Accountants possess important investigative and analytical skills that serve to uncover fraud in forensic investigations. Some accounting students take courses in forensic accounting but few colleges offer a course in computer forensics for accountants. Educators wishing to develop such a course may find developing the curriculum daunting. A major element of such a course is the use of forensic software. This paper argues the importance of computer forensics to accounting students and offers …

Data Loss Prevention Management And Control: Inside Activity Incident Monitoring, Identification, And Tracking In Healthcare Enterprise Environments, Manghui Tu, Kimberly Spoa-Harty, Liangliang Xiao

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

As healthcare data are pushed online, consumers have raised big concerns on the breach of their personal information. Law and regulations have placed businesses and public organizations under obligations to take actions to prevent data breach. Among various threats, insider threats have been identified to be a major threat on data loss. Thus, effective mechanisms to control insider threats on data loss are urgently needed. The objective of this research is to address data loss prevention challenges in healthcare enterprise environment. First, a novel approach is provided to model internal threat, specifically inside activities. With inside activities modeling, data …

The "Bring Your Own Device" Conundrum For Organizations And Investigators: An Examination Of The Policy And Legal Concerns In Light Of Investigatory Challenges, Carla J. Utter, Alan Rea

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

In recent years, with the expansion of technology and the desire to downsize costs within the corporate culture, the technology trend has steered towards the integration of personally owned mobile devices (i.e. smartphones) within the corporate and enterprise environment. The movement, known as “Bring Your Own Device” (hereinafter referred to as “BYOD”), seeks to minimize or eliminate the need for two separate and distinct mobile devices for one employee. While taken at face value this trend seems favorable, the corporate policy and legal implications of the implementation of BYOD are further complicated by significant investigatory issues that far outweigh the …

Plc Forensics Based On Control Program Logic Change Detection, Ken Yau, Kam-Pui Chow

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system is an industrial control automated system. It is built with multiple Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). PLC is a special form of microprocessor-based controller with proprietary operating system. Due to the unique architecture of PLC, traditional digital forensic tools are difficult to be applied. In this paper, we propose a program called Control Program Logic Change Detector (CPLCD), it works with a set of Detection Rules (DRs) to detect and record undesired incidents on interfering normal operations of PLC. In order to prove the feasibility of our solution, we set up two experiments for …

Cyber Black Box/Event Data Recorder: Legal And Ethical Perspectives And Challenges With Digital Forensics, Michael Losavio, Pavel Pastukov, Svetlana Polyakova

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

With ubiquitous computing and the growth of the Internet of Things, there is vast expansion in the deployment and use of event data recording systems in a variety of environments. From the ships’ logs of antiquity through the evolution of personal devices for recording personal and environmental activities, these devices offer rich forensic and evidentiary opportunities that smash against rights of privacy and personality. The technical configurations of these devices provide for greater scope of sensing, interconnection options for local, near, and cloud storage of data, and the possibility of powerful analytics. This creates the unique situation of near-total data …

Discovery, Prevalence, And Persistence Of Novel Circular Single-Stranded Dna Viruses In The Ctenophores Mnemiopsis Leidyi And Beroe Ovata, Mya Breitbart, Bayleigh Benner, Parker Jernigan, Karyna Rosario, Laura Birsa, Rachel Harbeitner, Sidney Fulford, Carina Graham, Anna Walters, Dawn Goldsmith, Stella Berger, Jens Nejstgaard

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Gelatinous zooplankton, such as ctenophores and jellyfish, are important components of marine and brackish ecosystems and play critical roles in aquatic biogeochemistry. As voracious predators of plankton, ctenophores have key positions in aquatic food webs and are often successful invaders when introduced to new areas. Gelatinous zooplankton have strong impacts on ecosystem services, particularly in coastal environments. However, little is known about the factors responsible for regulating population dynamics of gelatinous organisms, including biological interactions that may contribute to bloom demise. Ctenophores are known to contain specific bacterial communities and a variety of invertebrate parasites and symbionts; however, no previous …

The Importance Of Humour In Educational Staffrooms, Kmita Maria

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

Staffroom humour constitutes an integral part of teachers’ workplace culture and contributes to the quality of workplace relationships, yet it remains under-researched in the field of educational research. This thesis explores the importance of humour in relationships between teachers and its meaning for the overall workplace culture. This research has two foci; one intended and one acquired. Originally this research was set up to investigate staffroom humour in three educational settings. However, humour between participants and I became another focus of the research. Therefore, apart from exploring how staff use humour in the staffroom and what influences staffroom humour, this …

Professional Development And Beyond: A Participative Study Of A Self-Facilitated Learning Group, Helen Goodall

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This is a participative case study of a self-facilitating, collaborative, women’s learning group. The group’s longevity afforded a unique opportunity to investigate, in depth, both what encouraged its members to join at its outset, and what has sustained the participation of its current members for thirteen years. Its longevity also provided an opportunity to explore the impact of sustained membership on the women in the group. These two components of the study are its most significant original contributions to the existing literature which does not appear to cover anything similar. The initial raison d’étre of the group was its members’ …

Understanding Waste Management Behaviour In Care Settings In South West England: A Mixed Methods Study, Sean Manzi

School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses

Introduction - Health and social care sector activities in the United Kingdom have a considerable carbon footprint which impacts on the natural environment. Waste management is one area of focus for the reduction of this environmental impact. Previous research has studied the quantities and compositions of healthcare waste highlighting the potential for recycling. Limited research to date has investigated both health and social care waste management in a holistic study incorporating the behaviour, composition and systems. The current study aimed to investigate waste management behaviour, systems and compositions at four health and social care sites in the South West of …

What Is Love In Nursing Care? A Qualitative Study, Tracie North

School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses

Abstract What is love in nursing care? A qualitative study Recent failures in care highlighted through documents such as the Frances report have pointed to lack of kindness, respect and dignity in patient care and lack of professionalism. As a consequence, nurse education has come under the microscope, with questions about the potential to teach nurses compassion. The demonstration of these values were once, perhaps, more tangible and overt in nurse training and nursing care. The expression ‘tender loving care’ was used as an expression of nursing intervention, which often gave comfort and confidence to patients and their loved ones. …

The Common Agricultural Policy: An Adequate Means Of Supporting Biodiversity And Ecosystem Services Within The European Union?, Annie Martyn

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This research presents a critical analysis of the 2013 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reforms and their ability to support the European Union in reaching its target of halting biodiversity loss by 2020 and to preserve and restore ecosystem services. In light of the link between agriculture and its negative effects on the environment, the role of the CAP will be examined. In particular, this paper will focus on the tension between the ambition set out in the Policy to provide sufficient economic support to farmers and the EU-wide focus to prevent further environmental damage caused by agriculture, and whether, in …

From Civil War To Ebola: Justice And Legal Education In Sierra Leone, Hugo Derijke

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

No abstract provided.

Europeanization, Environmental Policy And The Uk, Analyzing Perspectives Of Offshore Wind Farms And Planning Procedures, Samantha Loveridge

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Sustainable development is an important principle for improving human life and ensuring the wellbeing of the planet. It posits a desirable future for human societies in which living conditions and resource-use meet human needs, without undermining the sustainability of natural systems and the environment, so that future generations may also have their needs met. It ties together concerns for the capacity of natural systems and challenges faced by humanity which concentrates on a balance between social, economic and environmental variables in relation to current and future existence. To accomplish a successful balance of these variables a transition is required which …

Does The Mental Capacity Act 2005 Adequately Protect Persons With Learning Difficulties Against Needless Non-Consensual Sterilisation?, Jordane Watson

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Non-consensual contraceptive sterilisation of people with learning difficulties is inherently controversial. As such any legal framework that provides for such a procedure needs to rigorously scrutinised in terms of its adequacy to protect vulnerable people. This article aims to 'determine whether the post-MCA judicial approach adequately protects adults with learning difficulties against needless nonconsensual contraceptive sterilisation'. This will be achieved by assessing how the MCA has changed the judicial approach to non-consensual contraceptive sterilisation since the common law approach. Further comparisons will also be made between sterilisation and vasectomies. The capacity section will determine whether the judiciary are approaching the …

High Times: An Ethnography Of Young Adult Drug Use, Ben Coombe

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This research explores the phenomenon of 'legal highs' or Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS), directing substantial focus towards the exploration of user attraction. Whilst legal high research is expanding, the topic of legal highs still remains a relatively under-researched topic. In particular, research concerning the user is in short supply, as policy makers remain detached from the importance of understanding the attraction for users (Winstock and Ramsey, 2010). Therefore, this paper attempts to capitalise in the expansion of this knowledge and discover what reasons users attribute for the use of these psychoactive substances. A comprehensive review of the current literature has …

Front-Line Facilitators: A Study Into The Conceptualisation And Implementation Of Restorative Justice By Ground-Level Police Officers, Michael Ives

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Despite a great deal of academic debate surrounding the term 'restorative justice', it would appear fair to suggest that the majority of the research in this area focuses upon the three main stakeholders involved within the process, namely the victim, the offender and the community, victim-offender mediation, and the benefits of such an approach. Nonetheless, not only can this can be seen to neglect a number of restorative justice processes, but also to underestimate the role of the facilitator. Considering how restorative justice has been increasingly embraced by criminal justice agencies in the past 30 years, this study sets out …

The Historical Background Of The Relationship Between Foreign Nationals And Crime: A Case Study Of Irish Criminality In The Uk, Khamael Al-Faris

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Historically, immigrants from different parts of the world were welcomed to Britain and at times even seduced into coming to live and work here. However, when their population increased, or other issues of the time were connected to their presence in the country, political and public concerns began to emerge in relation to demographics, health, the economy and crime.2 This paper will explore the temporal aspects of connecting foreign nationals to different non-immigration criminal offences by tracking the historical role of immigration policy and political debates in immigrant criminality in order to understand the background to this issue, which has …

The Illustrious House Of Hanover, Ann Lyon

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

The Hanoverian kings have attracted none of the affection the popular imagination accords to the Tudors and Stuarts, still less the romanticism. They are dismissed as a boorish bunch of Germans, with the possible exception of George III, who went mad and lost America, and perhaps George IV, who left the Brighton Pavilion as a monument to extravagance and had a decidedly colourful matrimonial history. When a reporter described the Queen as a 'scowly, jowlly Hanoverian', he was not being complimentary, and even Diana Princess of Wales once attributed many of her problems to marrying into a 'German' family. The …

Foundations In Wisconsin: A Directory [34th Ed. 2015], Mary C. Frenn, Jason Bermender, David Glenn Butner Jr., Brittany Carloni, Clare Mcnamara, Dominic Zappia

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory

The 2015 release of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 34th production of the print directory and the 15th year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation websites, annual reports, and newsletters.

Wisconsin foundations have shown significant growth in two key …

Experiences Of Place And Change In Rural Landscapes: Three English Case Studies, Rebecca Wheeler

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This thesis examines how changes to rural places and landscapes are experienced by residents and incorporated into place attachments and identities over time. It does so through exploring findings from seventy-eight qualitative, ‘emplaced’, oral history interviews in three English villages: Mullion (Cornwall); Askam and Ireleth (Cumbria); and Martham (Norfolk). These villages are located near to at least one existing windfarm, which – as an example of rural change - provides a common focus for the research. The research is informed by a ‘middle-ground’ theoretical approach that considers discursive and experiential aspects of people-environment relationships and pays particular attention to how …

The Four Stages Of Youth Sports Tbi Policymaking: Engagement, Enactment, Research, And Reform, Hosea H. Harvey, Dionne L. Koller, Kerri M. Lowrey

All Faculty Scholarship

This article advances, for the first time, a framework for situating public health law interventions as occurring in a predictable four-stage process. In this article, written in connection with our panel at the Public Health Law Research Conference (2014), we briefly apply this four-stage framework to youth sports TBI laws, and conclude that public health lawmaking in this area is consistent with prior high-visibility public health law interventions.

Advanced Applications Of Cardiac Computed Tomography For The Difficult-To-Image Patient, Benjamin James Clayton

Peninsula Medical School Theses

Throughout the development of computed tomographic (CT) imaging the challenges of capturing the heart, with its perpetual, vigorous motion, and in particular the tiny detail within the coronary arteries, has driven technological progress. Today, CT is a widely used and rapidly growing modality for the investigation of coronary artery disease, as well as other cardiac pathology. However, limitations remain and particular patient groups present a significant challenge to the CT operator. This thesis adds new knowledge to the assessment of these difficult-to-image patients. It considers patients with artefact from coronary artery calcification or stents, examining the remarkable diagnostic performance of …

Law And People With Disabilities, Janet E. Lord, Deepti S. Raja, Peter Blanck

All Faculty Scholarship

This article describes the progressive development of disability law, particularly in light of international developments that are transforming domestic disability law frameworks. It provides an overview of the conceptualization of disability in law, charting the shift from a medical model to a social model of disability and more recently to a human rights model. The abstract covers the implications of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and the processes and approaches for translating international disability law standards into national level law. It sheds light on the contemporary disability rights landscape in the light of dramatic legislative …

Law School Culture And The Lost Art Of Collaboration: Why Don't Law Professors Play Well With Others, Michael I. Meyerson

All Faculty Scholarship

I have an Erdős number. Specifically, I have an Erdős number of 5. For the uninitiated, the concept of an “Erdős number” was created by mathematicians to describe how many “degrees of separation” an author of an article is from the great mathematician Paul Erdős. If you coauthored a paper with Erdős, you have an Erdős number of 1. If you coauthor a paper with someone with an Erdős number of 1, you have earned an Erdős number of 2. Coauthoring a paper with someone with an Erdős number of 2 gives you an Erdős number of 3, and so …

There Is No Such Thing As Litigation: Access To Justice And The Realities Of Adjudication, Robert Rubinson

All Faculty Scholarship

Does a "contest by judicial process" describe litigation's "means and applications"? Overwhelmingly, no. Litigation is not about judges: it is about default judgments, settlements, plea bargains. It sometimes does not even involve judges at all. Litigation is not about trials: the amount of litigation that goes to trial is infinitesimal. It is not about "process": the process is so minimal that to dignify it with that term stretches the word beyond recognition. It is not a "contest": it is an exercise where one side has no plausible chance of winning, especially since that side either has no lawyers or lawyers …

Development And Validation Of The Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire, Susan M. Schembre, Casey P. Durand, Bryan J. Blissmer, Geoffrey W. Greene

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Purpose: Develop and demonstrate preliminary validation of a brief questionnaire aimed at assessing social cognitive determinants of physical activity (PA) in a college population.

Design: Quantitative and observational.

Setting: A midsized northeastern university.

Subjects: Convenience sample of 827 male and female college students age 18 to 24 years.

Measures: International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a PA stage-of-change algorithm.

Analysis: A sequential process of survey development, including item generation and data reduction analyses by factor analysis, was followed with the goal of creating a parsimonious questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used for confirmatory factor analysis and construct validation was confirmed against …

Poverty, Dignity, And Public Housing, Jaime Alison Lee

All Faculty Scholarship

Antipoverty efforts are persistently subverted by broad societal contempt for poor people. The belief that poor people are morally and behaviorally inferior, and that their personal failings are the cause of their own poverty, is a staple of American opinion polls and political rhetoric. This presumption is so widespread that it even permeates antipoverty programs, which treat poor people with disdain even as they offer aid and assistance.

Income discrimination creates not just social stigma, but legal inequalities. The Supreme Court recognized some forty years ago that welfare law promoted wealth-based Constitutional inequalities, and responded by invoking the doctrines of …