Digital Commons Network^™

Invasive Plant (Alliaria Petiolata; Garlic Mustard) Homogenizes Fungal Communtiy Composition And Increases Fungal Richness, Mark Anthony

Master's Theses and Capstones

Non-native invasive plants can disrupt native plant communities and soil function (e.g., C and N cycling), but few studies have examined how soil microbial community structure differs in association with invasion. This work focused on Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard), a non-mycorrhizal Brassicaceae that can displace native plants and reduce aboveground diversity. Garlic mustard produces toxic phytochemicals that can suppress mycorrhizal fungi, but we currently do not know if garlic mustard invasion affects the general fungal community, including specific mycorrhizal fungi, saprotrophic fungi, and plant pathogens and parasites. The objective of this work was to compare uninvaded and invaded soils from …

Non-Industrial Private Forest Landowner Engagement And Amenity- Driven Migration In Wildfire-Prone Landscapes Of The Inland Northwest, Morgan Ann Crowley

Master's Theses and Capstones

Rural counties in the Inland Northwest have a ‘working lands’ culture that supports livelihoods dependent on the health of wildfire-prone private and public forests. Wildfires threaten economic livelihoods and exacerbate the challenges of working landscapes impacted by changing economies, demographic trends, and forest conditions. The main objectives of this thesis are to investigate: 1) what comprises amenity-driven migration and how are amenity- driven migration and wildfire severity related?; 2) are amenity-driven migrants engaged in forest management activities in Wallowa County, Oregon and what is forest management engagement?; 3) how does landowner parcel proximity from WUI, USFS land relate to perspectives …

Physiological Changes In White-Rot Fungi In Response To Simulated Nitrogen Deposition Are Not Readily Reversed Through Experimental Evolution, Elizabeth Amy Landis

Master's Theses and Capstones

Increases in nitrogen (N) deposition have been shown to slow decomposition of organic material including lignin, particularly in forests with high lignin content. Since basidiomycete fungi are the primary decomposers of lignin, their response to increases in available N are of interest. The Chronic Nitrogen Amendment Study at the Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (CNAS HF-LTER) site is an experimental N gradient in Petersham, MA. Since 1988, three megaplots have received varying levels of NH4NO3: ambient-only deposition (control), 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (N50), or 150 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (N150). In order to examine how species of lignin-degrading basidiomycetes …

A Growing Sin-Dustry: The History And Effects Of Cigarette Excise Taxation And Regulation In The United States, Devin A. Rheaume

Honors Theses and Capstones

Originating with the gabelle taxes of France during the close of the Albigensian Crusades, excise taxes and regulations on consumer products have historically been used by local and federal governments to generate revenue during periods of war. Following the enactment of the Internal Revenue Act on June 30, 1864, the United States extended their definition of consumer products to include cigarettes and other tobacco products. The United States Federal government justifies cigarette taxes as a method not only to discourage the habit of smoking but also to recover the costs of the negative externalities associated with the “sinful” behavior. Through …

Reanimating Ghost Editions, Reorienting The Early American Novel, Karen A. Weyler, Michelle Burnham

English

What are the origins of the American novel? Does it begin with the imagination, when Europeans first began dreaming of life in the New World?1 Does it begin with Daniel Defoe’s adventurers, Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders, and their literary progeny? Or does the novel need a material presence in the soil of the New World? Does it begin in 1789, with William Hill Brown’s The Power of Sympathy?—which Isaiah Thomas, with shrewd prescience, marketed as the “first American novel.” Or does it begin even earlier, in 1742, with Benjamin Franklin’s first American edition of Samuel Richardson’s sentimental novel Pamela, …

The Lost Papers Of Confederate General John Bell Hood, Johnson Fred

Civil War Book Review

Reexamining John Bell Hood’s Reputation

Regarding the ideology of the “Lost Cause" narrative that spread after the American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – April 9, 1865), the online Encyclopedia of Alabama states that “Historians describe the Lost Cause as a movement with three phases:....

Identity: Societal And Legal Ramifications With Special Focus On Transsexuals, Dr. Nancie Palmer Ph.D, Acsw/Lmsw, Charlene L. Smith M.A., J.D., Llm, Tova Verchow J.D. Candidate, 2015, Jennifer Dale J.D. Candidate, 2015

Nova Law Review

The law is stuck on binary or categorical approaches.2 One is either

this or that—heterosexual or homosexual; male or female; black or white;

and the list can go on and on.3 This article posits that this approach should

not be the way in which we categorize people’s personhood

Nova Law Review Full Issue

Nova Law Review

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Impact Of Immigration In Greater New Haven, Datahaven Connecticut Data Hub, Mark Abraham, Mary Buchanan

Reports

No abstract provided.

Sandy Sediment Budget Of The Midcoast Of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, Lucas Marchi De Motta, Elírio Ernestino Toldo Jr., Luiz Emílio De Sá Brito De Ameida, José Carlos Nunes

Journal of Marine Research

Calculation of the coastal sediment budget involves estimation of the timing and intensity of processes of erosion, transport, and deposition, as well as an understanding of local and regional sediment dynamics. The modern sedimentary deposits present in the coastal zone constitute the physical basis of coastal ecosystems. Knowledge of the dynamics of these sediments from the source to sink area, through regional sediment management, is critical to understanding the long-term stability of the coastal zone and the fate of these important natural resources. In this article, the littoral cell concept has been applied to the midcoast of Rio Grande do …

Policing And The Clash Of Masculinities, Ann Mcginley

Scholarly Works

In 2014 and 2015, the news media inundated U.S. society with reports of brutal killings by police of black men in major American cities. Unfortunately, police departments do not typically keep data on police killings of civilians. The data that exist do show, however, that at least for a five-month period in 2015, there was a disproportionate rate of police killings of unarmed black men.

There is no question that race and class play a key role in the nature of policing that occurs in poor black urban neighborhoods, but the relationship between police officers and their victims is not …

Increasing Access To Natural Areas: Connecting Physical And Social Dimensions, Bradford S. Gentry, Jazmine Da Costa, Katie Christiansen Holsinger, W. Colby Tucker, Matthew R. Viens

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

Report of the 2015 Berkley Workshop

Held at the Asticou Inn, Northeast Harbor, Maine - July 2015

Cleveland: A High-Skilled Immigrant Destination, Richey Piiparinen, Jim Russell

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

The Cleveland metro ranks 44th out of the nation’s 50 largest metros in the concentration of population who are foreign born, at 5.5%. However, in measuring the skill level of each metro, Cleveland has the 7th largest concentration of college-educated immigrants, at 40%. Also, 21.2% of the region’s immigrants have graduate or professional degrees, ranking Cleveland 5th in the nation. It is suggested that Cleveland’s “eds and meds” sector, which ranks 11th in total employment in the nation, is driving a higher proportion of high- compared to low-skilled immigrants. Implications are discussed.

Advancing The Sexual And Reproductive Health And Human Rights Of Women Living With Hiv: A Review Of Un, Regional And National Human Rights Norms And Standards, Rajat Khosla, Nuna Van Belle, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Introduction: The right to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is an essential part of the right to health and is dependent upon substantive equality, including freedom from multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination that result in exclusion in both law and practice. Nonetheless, general and specific SRH needs of women living with HIV are often not adequately addressed. For example, services that women living with HIV need may not be available or may have multiple barriers, in particular stigma and discrimination. This study was conducted to review United Nations Human Rights Council, Treaty Monitoring Bodies and Special Rapporteur reports …

Inheriting The Earth: Towards A Geotheology Of Matthew’S Narrative, Dorothy Jean Weaver

The Journal of Inductive Biblical Studies

The claim of the Matthean Jesus that “the meek . . . will inherit the earth” (5:5) is unique to the Canonical Gospels and a claim that reflects Psalm 36:11(LXX). This essay examines Matt 5:5 alongside this biblical intertext and within its wider Matthean context to assess its significance within Matthew’s overall narrative. While ultimately “inheritance of the earth” awaits “the renewal of all things” (19:27), the Risen Jesus with “all authority in heaven and on earth” (28:18) calls his disciples to a worldwide mission to “all the nations” (28:19-20) that constitutes proleptically an “inheritance of the earth.”

Dynamics Of Rhode Island Coastal Waters, Qianqian Liu

Open Access Dissertations

The overall objective of this dissertation is to establish a framework for the dynamical understanding of a number of circulation features found in Rhode Island coastal waters. Observations reveal a cyclonic, near-surface circulation around the periphery of Rhode Island Sound (RIS) that occurs in summer stratified conditions and disappears in winter when solar insolation and wind stirring result in strong vertical mixing. The dynamics of this circulation is investigated through a series of numerical simulations. We attribute the summer intensification of this `periphery current' to a continuous topographically rectified tidal residual current, and to a circulation produced by seasonal deep …

Virtuality, Virtual Consumption, And The China Market, Man Zhang

Open Access Dissertations

With technological advance, virtuality and virtual consumption have been evolving to become increasingly important in marketing landscapes worldwide. Theoretical and methodological approaches for study of virtuality and consumption, however, have not kept pace. In terms of theoretical approach, the existing literature has been primarily focused on virtual consumption in virtuality as a place of “de-localization” and “de-realization” In terms of methodological approach, there have been various conflicting opinions concerning different methodological procedures to be followed. Moreover, in terms of empirical study, there is little existing literature dealing with virtuality and virtual consumption in context other than western. Given the fact …

Effects Of Plant Invasions On Ecosystem Processes: Linking Above- And Below-Ground Resource-Use Strategies Of Native And Invasive Species In Eastern U.S. Forests, Insu Jo

Dissertations - ALL

Despite the increasing number of non-native invasive species worldwide and their potential impacts on ecosystems, the mechanisms that invaders alter ecosystem nutrient processes remain elusive. Invaders are often more productive than native species which suggests invaders may have different above- and below-ground resource-use strategies that can profoundly alter ecosystem processes. Here I investigated above- and below-ground plant traits and soil properties associated with resource-use strategies and soil nitrogen (N) dynamics for multiple native and non-native forest understory species in the Eastern U.S. to better understand invader impacts on ecosystem processes. In the first study, performed in a common garden, I …

Measuring Parent Perception And Understanding Of Montessori Education In Three Massachusetts Montessori Schools, Elisabeth Hiles

Theses and Dissertations

The Montessori method is a comprehensive, child-centered, developmentalist philosophy of education developed by Dr. Maria Montessori in Rome, Italy, in the early 1900s. The Montessori method differs from traditional approaches to education, and has had limited exposure in the U.S. until the last 20 years. Despite this growth, little research data exists on the effectiveness of the method or of parent understanding the method. This research project attempted to determine parent understanding of the Montessori method of education at three Montessori schools in Massachusetts that educate children from toddlers to grade 8. The objective of the research was to design, …

The 1907 Anti-Punjabi Hostilities In Washington State: Prelude To The Ghadar Movement, Paul Englesberg

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Following months of harassment and threats, on September 4, 1907 a mob attacked and drove out over 200 South Asian laborers from Bellingham, Washington. Most of these immigrants, commonly referred to as “Hindus,” were Sikhs who had recently emigrated from Punjab to Canada and then crossed the border to work in large lumber mills. The goal of the rioters was to expel these workers from the mills and the city. In the months following, anti-Punjabi hostilities occurred in other locations in the Puget Sound region of Washington State, causing many more South Asian immigrants to flee back to Canada or …

Uefa Financial Fairplay Regulations And European Union Antitrust Law Complications, Valerie Kaplan

Emory International Law Review

Financial struggles among European football clubs were far too common in the last decade. Mismanagement and overspending in the Rangers FC forced the club to go into administration and ultimately liquidate in 2012. The Rangers consistently spent more on players than the club's payroll could afford. The Union of European Football Associations observed the problem and approved Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) to fix these financial issues. FFP intends to introduce rationality and stabilize the financial environment of European club football. The structure of FFP makes the regulation illegal under the European Union's competition law. The predicted effect of FFP …

Terrorism Trials In Article Iii Courts, Laura K. Donohue

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Some individuals reject Article III courts as a forum for bringing terrorist suspects to justice on the grounds that the ordinary judicial system cannot handle such cases. As an empirical matter, this claim is simply false. Since 2001, myriad terrorism trials have progressed through the criminal system. The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) reports that between 2001 and 2010, there were 998 defendants indicted in terrorism prosecutions. Eighty-seven percent of the defendants were convicted on at least one charge. According to the Executive Office for the U.S. Attorneys, from FY 2004 to FY 2009, there were 3,010 terrorism prosecutions. It …

Enforcement Of Noncompetition Agreements: Protecting Public Interests Through An Entrepreneurial Approach., Griffin Toronjo Pivateau

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

The Role Of Social Media In U.S. County Governments: The Strategic Value Of Operational Aimlessness, Barry A. Cumbie, Bandana Kar

Faculty Publications

This study investigates the influence of citizens' socio-economic characteristics on the presence of social media in county-level government. E-government is ostensibly citizen-driven and therefore variation in an area's demographics would likely impact a government's utilization of emerging technology, such as social media. Despite its transformative potential and widespread adoption, e-government development beyond basic stages has been sluggish. Social media is transforming the nature of interaction among individuals and organizations and has the potential to overcome some of the restrictive challenges of e-government. Understanding if, how, and to what end governments are harnessing social media will help make e-government a citizen-driven, …

Environmental Privacy, Katrina F. Kuh

Utah Law Review

The purpose of this Article is not to anticipate whether or how the Fourth Amendment might apply to specific efforts to collect information about environmentally significant individual behaviors. The purpose is to discern the considerations that have proven salient in balancing environmental regulation and privacy to date that may likewise be relevant to navigating privacy concerns that arise with respect to policy directed to environmentally significant individual behaviors.

In this regard, the Article’s survey suggests that neither the fact that environmentally significant individual behaviors must be aggregated to produce environmental harm nor the fact that individuals, as opposed to commercial …

Myths Of Environmental Law, Albert C. Lin

Utah Law Review

Environmental law is pervaded by myths—i.e., assumptions that are inaccurate, misleading, or false. These myths arise in various contexts, ranging from wetlands mitigation schemes and pollution credit trading programs to legal regimes premised on the concept of sustainability. This Article explores several myths of environmental law, their origins, and their roles. While political reasons explain in part the creation and prevalence of these myths, more is at work behind these myths than mere politics or failures to implement the law. The myths of environmental law facilitate the management of ecologically complex systems by providing a reductionist account of them. Beyond …

Rethinking The Geography Of Local Climate Action: Multilevel Network Participation In Metropolitan Regions, Hari M. Osofsky

Utah Law Review

As the United States and the world become increasingly urbanized, cities are a key site for addressing the problem of climate change. However, urban climate change action is not simply about local officials making decisions within their cities. In major U.S. urban areas, “local” involves multiple layers of government, including county and metroregional entities. Moreover, many of the cities taking action on climate change also participate in and shape networks of local governments based at state, regional, national, and international levels.

This Article argues that multilevel climate change networks could be more effective by embracing this geography of local action …

Investigation Of The Risks Of Entry And Spread Of Bvd In Herds Participating In A Regional Bvd Control Programme In The South West, Rebecca Mary Butland

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) is estimated to cost the UK cattle industry £40 million annually, the third most costly disease facing the agricultural industry. BVD produces a range of symptoms in cattle including scouring, pneumonia, poor fertility, reduced growth rates and lowered milk yields. The most common route of transmission is through persistently infected (PI) animals shedding the virus to other cattle. PI animals can only develop pre-partum when the BVD virus crosses the placenta from the dam to the foetus. If infection occurs during the first 110 to 150 days of gestation, the foetus is immune-incompetent and the lymphocytes …

Swash Zone Dynamics Of Coarse-Grained Beaches During Energetic Wave Conditions, Luis Pedro Almeida

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Coarse-grained beaches, such as pure gravel (PG), mixed sand-gravel (MSG) and composite (CSG) beaches, can be considered as one of the most resilient non-cohesive morpho-sedimentary coastal environments to energetic wave forcing (e.g., storms). The hydraulically-rough and permeable nature of gravel (D50 > 2 mm), together with the steep (reflective) beach face, provide efficient mechanisms of wave energy dissipation in the swash zone and provide a natural means of coastal defence. Despite their potential for shore protection very little is known about the response of these environments during high energetic wave conditions. Field measurements of sediment transport and hydrodynamics on coarse-grained beaches …

The 1930s: The Great Depression And Beyond ; An Annotated Bibliography, Tydra Corbin

Graduate Research Papers

The amount of material a social studies teacher is expected to cover in a year can be overwhelming. Yet, when a search for picture books to support a unit on the 1930s in America was conducted, no comprehensive list was found. Therefore, the purpose of this research project was to create an annotated bibliography of high quality picture books aligned to the National Curriculum Standards for Social Studies that would improve the teaching of a unit on the decade. After examining the picture books, gaps in the topics covered were identified, and vetted websites were selected to supplement coverage of …