Digital Commons Network^™

Full Issue

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

Pseudolus At The Ludimegalenses: Re-Creating Roman Comedy In Context, Nancy Sultan

Scholarship

style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">This is a post-production report on a student reenactment of the Roman Ludi Megalenses (Megalensia), including a ludus scaenicus, at Illinois Wesleyan University in May 2013. Students studied and re-created some of the rituals commonly associated in antiquity with the worship of the Magna Mater, including a procession of both Phrygian worshippers and Roman citizens and a staged reading of Plautus’ Pseudolus in Latin and English. We grappled with questions of text and metatheatricality, theatrical and sacred space, actors, music, movement, costumes (including masks), authenticity, audience reception and occasion. The reenactment allowed us to gain a …

Does Animal Welfare Trump Religious Liberty? The Danish Ban On Kosher And Halal Butchering, R J. Delahunty

San Diego International Law Journal

Western European governments since the eighteenth century Enlightenment have frequently enacted laws and regulations that have adverse effects (sometimes intended) on traditional Jewish ritual practices, including Sabbath observance, dress, and dietary practices. Regulations of the latter kind have often been adopted in the name of sparing animals from the purportedly cruel and inhumane methods used in the Jewish ritual slaughtering of cattle. Last year, the Danish Ministry of Food and Agriculture issued regulations that require the stunning of cattle before they can be slaughtered. Defended on the grounds of animal welfare, the regulations had the foreseen effect of precluding the …

Proportionality In Perspective: Historical Light On The Law Of Armed Conflict, Jeremy Rabkin

San Diego International Law Journal

The argument of this article is that the proportionality rule in AP–I does express a doctrine that has real roots in western military practice, but it was not traditionally understood as the severe constraint on military operations that the Red Cross propounds. The western States at the Geneva drafting conference did not resist the proportionality rule. In fact, they were active sponsors of that formulation. They understood that rule to be consistent with past practice, including most Allied tactics in the world wars. At the time of the drafting conference, World War II was still within the personal memory of …

Effect Of Average Happiness For Twitter On The Dow Jones Industrial Average Return Volatility, Zonghao Zhu

Open Access Master's Theses

The stock market is well known for its volatility and many models are proposed to capture the volatility. Volatility is naturally unobservable and the absolute values of the returns work as the realized volatility. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is the study object and the models used are generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models with different extensions. The unique extension in this study is to add happiness data into the model and check whether it helps to better capture the volatility and improve the forecasting accuracy. The happiness data is extracted from Twitter and it is an index to show …

"Fresh And Fashionable Goods": The Daybooks Of Elijah Boardman, Connecticut Shopkeeper, 1784-1811, Johanna Tower

Open Access Master's Theses

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, store-bought textiles and dress-related goods played an important role in the material world of many Americans. Local and domestic manufacturing generally did not fulfill the demand for such goods; imports from Europe and Asia provided many of these products. Advancements in manufacturing technologies and the growth of American overseas trade during this time contributed to the expanding supply of consumer goods, among which textiles and dress-related items featured prominently. In rural regions, dry-goods stores provided the populace with access to a diverse assortment of these wares.

This study examines purchases made at …

"A Great And Terrible Event": Historical Evidence For The 551 Ce Tsunami At Akko, Israel, Emma Heidtman

Open Access Master's Theses

In 2001, the Old City of Akko in northern Israel was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. This designation was based on the Old City's well-preserved Ottoman and Islamic-era town and the partly subterranean ruins of the once-thriving Crusader port. Five years of excavation, from 2009 to 2014, have uncovered more of Akko's history as a strategic naval outpost for several iterations of Mediterranean Sea power, particularly during the Hellenistic Age. However, evidence for Akko's harbor operations during the Byzantine period is still being uncovered. In light of recent discoveries in geoarchaeology, scientists have learned that part of Akko's Byzantine …

“Because She Would Not Be Governed”: Medieval Women, Power, And The Politicization Of Witchcraft, Anna Nelson Bennett

Open Access Master's Theses

Statement of the Problem:

Since the mid-­‐twentieth century, scholarship on European witchcraft has proved critical in understanding the relationship between gender, sexuality, and power in pre-­‐modern Western society. For medieval and early modern people, accusations of heresy and witchcraft served to reinstate control over elements of society that were perceived as dangerous or dissident to the established order. While advances in the study of witchcraft have greatly informed the fields of history and anthropology, such scholarship has up until this point largely focused on witch hunts targeting women of the lower classes. Further study concerning the use of witchcraft charges …

Adaptable Monsters: The Past, Present, And Future Of The Vampire Narrative As A Metaphor For Marginalized Groups, Alexa Wei

Scripps Senior Theses

This thesis paper gives a brief history of the vampire narrative and its role in representing the collective anxieties of an age as well as serving as a metaphor for oppressed peoples. It uses Bram Stoker’s Dracula and J. Sheridan le Fanu’s Carmilla as historical examples of how the vampire adapts to suit issues of the day such as reverse colonization and female sexuality, respectively. The latter part of this paper speculates on the future role of the vampire in literature and proposes that the vampire could be used to discuss transgender issues as well as challenge the gender binary. …

Caving Into The Will Of The Masses?: Relics In Augustine's City Of God, Jessica Gadis

Scripps Senior Theses

This thesis examines Augustine of Hippo's support of the cult of relics through the lens of Peter Brown's revision of the two-tiered model which was proposed in his 1981 book The Cult of Saints. More specifically, this thesis attempts to explain the introduction of saint's relics in the final book, book 22, of Augustine's magnum opus The City of God (De Civitate Dei). After providing proof of the theologian's opposition to the cult of relics in his youth, historical, biographical, and textual evidence is used to trace his later change of heart. This change in position is crystallized in …

The Germ Theory Of Dystopias: Fears Of Human Nature In 1984 And Brave New World, Clea D. Harris

Scripps Senior Theses

This project is an exploration of 20^th century dystopian literature through the lens of germ theory. This scientific principle, which emerged in the late 19^th century, asserts that microorganisms pervade the world; these invisible and omnipresent germs cause specific diseases which are often life threatening. Additionally, germ theory states that vaccines and antiseptics can prevent some of these afflictions and that antibiotics can treat others. This concept of a pervasive, invisible, infection-causing other is not just a biological principle, though; in this paper, I argue that one can interpret it as an ideological framework for understanding human existence …

Review Of Stirrings In The Archives: Order From Disorder, Wolfgang Ernst, Translated By Adam Siegel., Eric Willey

Faculty and Staff Publications – Milner Library

A review of Stirrings in the Archives: Order from Disorder by German culture and media researcher Wolfgang Ernst, translated by Adam Siegel.

Attaining Automaticity In The Visual Numerosity Task Is Not Automatic, Craig P. Speelman, Katrina L. Muller-Townsend

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This experiment is a replication of experiments reported by Lassaline and Logan (1993) using the visual numerosity task. The aim was to replicate the transition from controlled to automatic processing reported by Lassaline and Logan (1993), and to examine the extent to which this result, reported with average group results, can be observed in the results of individuals within a group. The group results in this experiment did replicate those reported by Lassaline and Logan (1993) ; however, one half of the sample did not attain automaticity with the task, and one-third did not exhibit a transition from controlled to …

Apoe Ε4 Moderates Abnormal Csf-Abeta-42 Levels, While Neurocognitive Impairment Is Associated With Abnormal Csf Tau Levels In Hiv+ Individuals - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study, Cysique A. Lucette, Timothy Hewitt, Juliana Croitoru-Lamoury, Kevin Taddei, Ralph Martins, Constance S. Chew, Nicholas N. Davies, Patricia J. Price, Bruce J. Brew

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers Aβ1-42, t-tau and p-tau have a characteristic pattern in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Their roles in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains unclear. Methods: Adults with chronic treated HIV disease were recruited (n = 43, aged 56.7 ± 7.9; 32% aged 60+; median HIV duration 20 years, >95% plasma and CSF HIV RNA /mL, on cART for a median 24 months). All underwent standard neuropsychological testing (61% had HAND), APOE genotyping (30.9% carried APOE ε4 and 7.1% were ε4 homozygotes) and a lumbar puncture. Concentrations of Aβ1-42, t-tau and p-tau were assessed in the CSF using commercial …

Reactive Nitrogen Species Emission Trends In Three Light-/Medium-Duty United States Fleets, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

Repeated, fuel specific, emission measurements in Denver (2005/2013), Los Angeles (2008/2013) and Tulsa (2005/2013) provide long-term trends in on-road reactive nitrogen emissions from three light/medium duty U.S. fleets. Reductions in oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) emissions ranged from 21% in Denver (5.6 ± 1.3 to 4.4 ± 0.2 gNO_x/kg of fuel) to 43% in Tulsa (4.4 ± 0.3 to 2.5 ± 0.1 gNOx/kg of fuel) since 2005 while decreases in fleet ammonia (NH₃) emissions ranged from no change in Denver (0.45 ± 0.09 to 0.44 ± 0.02 gNH₃/kg of fuel) since 2005 to …

Taking The Long Way Home: U.S. Tax Evasion And Offshore Investments In U.S. Equity And Debt Markets, Michelle Hanlon, Edward L. Maydew, Jacob Thornock

Faculty Publications

We empirically investigate one form of illegal investor-level tax evasion and its effect on foreign portfolio investment. In particular, we examine a form of round-tripping tax evasion in which U.S. individuals hide funds in entities located in offshore tax havens and then invest those funds in U.S. securities markets. Employing Becker’s (1968) economic theory of crime, we identify the tax evasion component by examining how foreign portfolio investment varies with changes in the incentives to evade and the risks of detection. To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence of investorlevel tax evasion affecting cross-border equity and debt investment.

The Effects Of Out-Of-Regime Guidance On Auditor Judgments About Appropriate Application Of Accounting Standards, H. Scott Asay, Tim Brown, Mark W. Nelson, T. Jeffrey Wilks

Faculty Publications

Accountants making judgments with respect to a particular set of standards are increasingly aware of standards from other reporting regimes that offer additional or conflicting guidance. In fact, IFRS encourages reliance on out-of-regime standards when IFRS lacks guidance. This paper reports the results of two experiments which provide evidence that auditors in such circumstances are vulnerable to contrast effects, whereby reporting judgments under IFRS are systematically influenced away from the accounting treatment supported by standards from another regime (U.S. GAAP). Contrast effects are observed (1) when out-of-regime standards are considered before making a reporting judgment under IFRS and (2) when …

Personalized Contact Strategies And Predictors Of Time To Survey Completion: Analysis Of Two Sequential Randomized Trials, Victor D. Dinglas, Minxuan Huang, Kristin A. Sepulveda, Mariela Pinedo, Ramona O. Hopkins, Elizabeth Colantuoni, Dale M. Needham

Faculty Publications

Background

Effective strategies for contacting and recruiting study participants are critical in conducting clinical research. In this study, we conducted two sequential randomized controlled trials of mail- and telephone-based strategies for contacting and recruiting participants, and evaluated participant-related variables’ association with time to survey completion and survey completion rates. Subjects eligible for this study were survivors of acute lung injury who had been previously enrolled in a 12-month observational follow-up study evaluating their physical, cognitive and mental health outcomes, with their last study visit completed at a median of 34 months previously.

Methods

Eligible subjects were contacted to complete a …

The Agentive Play Of Bishop Henry Yates Satterlee, Richard Benjamin Crosby

Faculty Publications

The epigraph comes from the section of the Pentateuch in which Moses descends Mount Sinai with the Ten Commandments and communicates the will of God to the children of Israel. God has been speaking with Moses for forty days and nights and has conferred on him the authority to serve as revelator and prophet of the children of Israel. In this passage, Moses has become the literal conveyance for God's word, a conduit for the divine Logos. Perhaps the detail that gets the least attention in this familiar story is Moses's veil. The image suggests a deliberate self-effacement. The veil, …

Fire-Sale Fdi? The Impact Of Financial Crises On Foreign Direct Investment, Olga B. Stoddard, Ilan Noy

Faculty Publications

We analyze the evolution of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to developing and emerging countries around financial crises. We empirically examine the Fire-Sale FDI hypothesis and describe the pattern of FDI inflows surrounding financial crises. We also add a more granular detail about the types of financial crises and their potentially differential effects on FDI. We distinguish between mergers and acquisitions(M&A) and greenfield investment, as well as between horizontal (tariff jumping) and vertical (integrating production stages) FDI. We find that financial crises have a strong negative effect on inward FDI in our sample. Crises are also shown to reduce the …

Does Pornography Consumption Increase Participation In Friends With Benefits Relationships?, Scott R. Braithwaite, Sean C. Aaron, Krista Joy Dowdle, Kersti A. Spjut, Frank D. Fincham

Faculty Publications

Friends with benefits (FWB) relationships integrate two types of relationships—friendship and a relationship that includes sexual intimacy but without an expectation of commitment. These relationships are often seen as less risky than other casual sexual behaviors, but they still pose a high risk of contracting an STI. Pornography consumption has been connected to increases in risky sexual behavior in other types of casual sex. In two studies (Study 1 N = 850; Study 2 N = 992), we examined the hypothesis that pornography use influences FWB behaviors, specifically through the mechanism of sexual scripts. Our results demonstrate that more frequent …

Fuel Element Combustion Properties For Live Wildland Utah Shrubs, Thomas H. Fletcher, Chen Shen

Faculty Publications

Current field models for wildfire prediction are mostly based on dry or low-moisture fuel combustion research. To better study the live fuel combustion behavior, a laminar flow flat-flame burner was used to provide a convection heating source to ignite an individual live fuel sample. In this research project, four Utah species were studied: Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), canyon maple (Acer grandidentatum), big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma). Leaf geometrical parameters measured included individual leaf total mass, thickness, leaf width, leaf length, and moisture content. Time-stamped images of combustion behavior along with time-dependent mass data were recorded via …

Visual Analog Rating Of Mood By People With Aphasia, Tyson G. Harmon, Katarina L. Haley, Jennifer L. Womack, Sharon W. Williams

Faculty Publications

Background:

Considerable attention has been given to the identification of depression in stroke survivors with aphasia, but there is more limited information about other mood states. Visual analog scales are often used to collect subjective information from people with aphasia. However, the validity of these methods for communicating about mood has not been established in people with moderately to severely impaired language.

Objective:

The dual purposes of this study were to characterize the relative endorsement of negative and positive mood states in people with chronic aphasia after stroke and to examine congruent validity for visual analog rating methods for people …

How Should We Prepare Rehabilitation Sciences Students To Work With Low English-Proficient Spanish-Speaking Patients?, Connie Summers, Eugenia Gonzalez, Celia Pechak

Faculty Publications

Misinterpretations or lack of compliance with national standards established to guide health professionals working with low-English-proficient (LEP) patients continue to negatively impact patient care. Most of the literature on training health professionals to work with interpreters focuses on physicians. We reviewed this current literature and propose an interprofessional educational module to extend the interpreter training to other health professions. Our module trains rehabilitation science students from different health disciplines (physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology) using strategies from the literature. The educational module is tailored to student’s bilingual proficiency, suggests relevant outcomes measures, and highlights unanswered questions and areas …

Gap Year Saviours - An Analysis Of The Role Of Race In An Advertisement For Development Volunteering, Jack Hogan

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

The issues of race and ethnicity are taboo in the realm of development. By critically analysing a representation of race and ethnicity in an advertisement for an international development agency, this paper seeks to open new avenues of discussion to break this silence. The paper examines the reduction of the racial identity through the process of stereotyping, the commodification of vulnerable children from the devloping world through the hidden language of race and the construction of the development worker as a ‘white saviour’ through the depiction of volunteers as ‘rescuers’. The aim of this paper is not to simply dismiss …

Technology As Scripting, Constructed And Relational: Three Narratives About Food Waste Recycling In Edinburgh, Judith Lorton

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

No abstract provided.

Insights Into Large Audit Firm Sampling Policies, Brant E. Christensen, Randal J. Elder, Steven M. Glover

Faculty Publications

Changes in the audit profession after Sarbanes-Oxley, including mandatory audits of internal control over financial reporting and PCAOB oversight and inspection of audit work, have potentially changed the nature and extent of audit sampling in the largest accounting firms. In our study, ‘‘Behind the Numbers: Insights into Large Audit Firm Sampling Policies’’ (Christensen, Elder, and Glover 2015), we administered an extensive, open-ended survey to the national offices of the Big 4 and two other international accounting firms regarding their firm’s audit sampling policies. We find variation among the largest firms’ policies in their use of different sampling methods and in …

Controls And The Asymmetric Stickiness Of Norms, Scott A. Emett, Ronald N. Guymon, William B. Tayler, Donald Young

Faculty Publications

This study investigates how formal control systems and the behavior of peers influence behavior in accounting settings. We manipulate formal controls and peer behavior (social norms) in a laboratory experiment, allowing us to precisely investigate the interactive effect of these two factors on behavior. We provide evidence that weak controls lead to more socially-interested behavior, while strong controls lead to more self-interested behavior. We also provide evidence that individuals conform more to social norms that conflict with the behavior that formal controls induce. Finally, we find that individuals preferentially attend and conform to the self-interested actions of peers (as opposed …

Rotational Internal Audit Programs And Financial Reporting Quality: Do Compensating Controls Help?, Margaret H. Christ, Adi Masli, Nathan Y. Sharp, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

A report from the Institute of Internal Auditors finds that a majority of Fortune 500 companies systematically rotate internal auditors out of the internal audit function and into operational management (IIA, 2009a). We use semi-structured interviews with 11 chief audit executives and 2 audit committee chairmen to develop an initial framework focusing on how this practice affects financial reporting quality. We then test these associations with archival data and find that companies that use a rotational staffing model for the internal audit function have significantly lower financial reporting quality than companies that do not. However, we find that several compensating …

The Comovement Of Investor Attention, Michael S. Drake, Darren T. Roulstone, Jared Jennings, Jacob Thornock

Faculty Publications

Prior literature has documented that investor attention and constraints on that attention are associated with the pricing of stocks. We introduce the concept of attention comovement, which is the extent to which investor attention for a firm is explained by attention paid to the firm’s industry and the market in general. We find that attention comovement is non-trivial for the average firm and is related to firm characteristics, such as size and visibility. We also find that the comovement of investor attention has market consequences, in that it is positively associated with excess stock return comovement. Finally, we show that …