Digital Commons Network^™

Biodegradable Hybrid Nanogels For Combination Chemotherapy, Swapnil Desale

Theses & Dissertations

Combination chemotherapy is commonly used to treat cancer, because such a therapy regimens usually involve sequential administration of multiple drugs and allow targeting different cell signaling pathway. The co-delivery of drug combination at a controlled ratio via the same vehicle is offering the advantages such as spatial-temporal synchronization of drug exposure, synergistic therapeutic effects and suppression of drug resistance. Undoubtedly, there are several molecular and pharmacological factors that determine the effectiveness of drug combinations. A rationally designed drug combination is required since certain drug ratios and the definitive exposure to the targets of interest can only be synergistic while others …

Mole Street Journal, December 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Quaker Campus, October 29, 2015 (Vol. 102, Issue 8), Whittier College

Quaker Campus

No abstract provided.

Mole Street Journal, October 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Characterization And Target Identification Of Non-Toxic Ikkβ Inhibitors For Anticancer Therapy, Elizabeth Blowers

Theses & Dissertations

IKKβ is a key kinase in the canonical NF-κB pathway. Transient activation of IKKβ is required for normal immune response while sustained activation has been implicated in cancer. To date, no IKKβ inhibitor has been approved for clinical use as a chemotherapeutic, likely due to unexpected toxicities associated with blocking the transient activation of IKKβ. We hypothesized that an IKKβ inhibitor that allows transient activation of IKKβ, but not sustained activation of IKKβ, could inhibit cancer growth without inducing toxicity.

As such, we identified a small molecule inhibitor, 13-197, that allows the transient activation of IKKβ but not the sustained …

Mole Street Journal, August 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Polygon Distances With Applications To High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Vito Capuano

All Theses

Analytical chemistry uses high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate desired macromolecules from a fluid. This thesis is concerned with monolithic column environments used in HPLC separations. The monolithic column environment under consideration consists of many long polymer fibers suspended in a tube. Between the fibers are voids (interstices) which regulate the separation process. The goal of this thesis is both to identify interstices of a size such that the interstice contributes to the separation process, and to identify the boundaries of the fibers along such interstices. We model the cross section of the column environment with a collection of …

Development Of A Stereochemistry Concept Inventory, Alexey Leontyev

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Matching Watershed And Otolith Chemistry To Establish Natal Origin Of An Endangered Desert Lake Sucker, Deanna Strohm

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Like many native endemic desert freshwater fish species, the June Sucker (Chasmistes liorus) is currently listed as endangered. Managers have increasingly turned to habitat restoration as a key component to recovery plans. For endangered species, one of the primary outcomes of habitat restoration is that it should result in successful reproduction and recruitment of individuals into the adult population. Confirmation of natural recruitment as a function of habitat restoration can only be achieved by establishing natal origins.

Recent research has proven the validity of otolith microchemistry, a technique that analyzes small quantities of elements, to trace potamodromous fish …

Electrode And Electrolyte Materials For Batteries, Shiou-Jyh Hwu, Gregory A. Becht

Clemson Patents

Disclosed are open-framework solids that possess superior ion-transport properties pertinent to the electrochemical performance of next-generation electrode materials for battery devices. Disclosed compounds including compositions and architectures relevant to electrical energy storage device applications have been developed through integrated solid-state and soft (solution) chemistry studies. The solids can adopt a general formula of A.sub.xM.sub.y(XO.sub.4).sub.z, where A=mono- or divalent electropositive cations (e.g., Li.sup.+), M--trivalent transition metal cations (e.g., Fe.sup.3+, Mn.sup.3+), and X.dbd.Si, P, As, or V. Also disclosed are oxo analogs of these materials having the general formulae A.sub.aM.sub.bO.sub.c(PO.sub.4).sub.d (a.gtoreq.b), and more specifically, A.sub.nM.sub.nO.sub.3x(PO.sub.4).sub.n-2x, where A=mono- or divalent electropositive cations (e.g., …

Strategic Partnerships For New Perspectives On Teaching Information Literacy To Students Of Industrial Engineering And Management, Simone Kibler

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

No abstract provided.

Monitoring The Progression Of Spontaneous Articular Cartilage Healing With Infrared Spectroscopy, Megan P. O'Brien, Madhuri Penmatsa, Uday Palukuru, Paul West, Xu Yang, Mathias P. G. Bostrom, Theresa Freeman, Nancy Pleshko

Publications and Research

Objective. Evaluation of early compositional changes in healing articular cartilage is critical for understanding tissue repair and for therapeutic decision-making. Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS) can be used to assess the molecular composition of harvested repair tissue. Furthermore, use of an infrared fiber-optic probe (IFOP) has the potential for translation to a clinical setting to provide molecular information in situ. In the current study, we determined the feasibility of IFOP assessment of cartilage repair tissue in a rabbit model, and assessed correlations with gold-standard histology.

Design. Bilateral osteochondral defects were generated in mature white New Zealand rabbits, and …

Infrared Investigations Of The Composition And Structure Of Nearby Protoplanetary Disks, Valerie Ann Rapson

Theses

Near- to far-infrared imaging and spectroscopy of nearby (pc), low mass pre-main sequence stars that are orbited by gaseous and dusty circumstellar disks allow astronomers to probe the chemical composition and structure of protoplanetary disks, and further understand disk evolution and planet formation processes. In this dissertation, I present an infrared imaging and spectral analysis of the young star-disk systems V4046 Sgr, T Cha and MP Mus. V4046 Sgr is a nearby (D~73 pc), ~20 Myr-old spectroscopic binary surrounded by a large (R~350 AU) circumbinary disk. T Cha and MP Mus are similarly nearby (Dpc) and young (old) single-star systems …

Crustal And Upper Mantle Structure Beneath The Northeastern Tibetan Plateau From Joint Analysis Of Receiver Functions And Rayleigh Wave Dispersions, Dan Zheng, Hongyi Li, Yang Shen, Jing Tan, Longbin Ouyang, Xinfu Lu

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

The crustal and upper mantle velocity structure in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau is obtained from joint analysis of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersions. The resulting velocity model reveals a close correlation between the thick (>60 km) crust and the presence of an intracrustal low-velocity zone beneath the Qiangtang and Songpan-Ganzi terranes as well as the northwestern Qilian orogen. However, the high V_p/V_s ratio of the crust is found only beneath the Qiangtang and Songpan-Ganzi terranes. The crustal low velocity zone does not appear in the west Qinling and southeastern Qilian orogens, which have a …

Mole Street Journal, June 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Using Otolith Microchemistry To Classify Yellow Perch As Stocked Or Naturally Produced, Andrew K. Carlson, Matthew J. Ward, Brian D.S Graeb

The Prairie Naturalist

Fisheries managers routinely use stocking to supplement fish populations (Schramm and Piper 1995, Fisher 1996). Stocking eyed-eggs offers substantial cost savings compared to stocking fry and fingerlings (PFBC 2011); however, traditional stocking evaluation using oxytetracycline (OTC) marking of otoliths is ineffective for eyed-eggs of some species (e.g., yellow perch, [Perca fla- vescens]). Thus, there is a need for additional approaches to be able to classify fish as stocked or naturally produced. Fish otoliths are paired calcified structures in the inner ear that permanently deposit trace elements in proportion to water column concentrations (Campana 1999, Campana et al. 2000). Coupled with …

Fluorescent Cell Imaging Studies Of Antitumor Natural Macrocycle Ipomoeassin F, Margaret Grace Oliver

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Ipomoeassin F is one member of a family of macromolecules isolated from the leaves of the morning glory flower, ipomoea squamosa, which has been used as a homeopathic cancer remedy for centuries (Zhu, Huang, Zheng, Zhu, & Yang, 2013). It has been proven to be highly cytotoxic to many cancer cell lines, but nothing is yet known of its mode of action in the cell (Cao, et al., 2007). To begin progress towards understanding the mode of action of ipomeoassin F, this study aimed to perform fluorescence imaging studies for the ultimate purpose of determining its cellular localization in MDA-MB-231 …

Studies Of The Preparation Of Pi-Extended Anthracenes And Their Reactivity With An Emphasis On Their Photoreactivity, Hasnaa Abdelkareem Sadeq

Theses

Both 9,10-diaryl and 9,10-diarylethenyl substituted Anthracenes have recently been forwarded as light-regulated semiconducting materials, as well as potential constituent molecules in light-harvesting devices for the organic solar cell applications. So, it is of importance to understand whether such 9,10-substituted Anthracenes are stable under photo-irradiation for a long time, and what type of reactions they could undergo. In the present thesis, photochemistry of 9-anthranylacrylates and 9-aroylethenylanthracenes has been investigated. Anthranylacrylates and 9-aroylethenylanthracenes have been prepared by Wittig-olefination reaction from 9-anthranylcarbaldehyde. Bromination of these molecules was found to give an access to 10-aryl-9-aroylethenylanthracenes after Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. While 9-ethenyl-substituted Anthracenes in principle …

Osteology Of A Burial Vessel From The Late Prehistoric/Early Contact Period Pine Harbor Site (9mc64), Amanda C. Shively

Honors College Theses

This research focuses on osteological examination of a single urn-burial’s contents from Pine Harbor (9MC64), a late prehistoric to early contact period archaeological site excavated on the coast of Georgia in 1978. Analysis generated from this study seeks to shed light on burial demographics and practices of its native occupants.

Mole Street Journal, April 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Voltammetric Investigation Of Xanthate Chemisorption On A Chalcopyrite Surface, Jesse Lynn Bowden

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Cyclic Voltammetry experiments have been conducted on copper, iron, and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and compared to mass-balanced EH-pH Diagrams. Potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX) was added to solution and additional voltammetry experiments were performed to determine the surface chemistry reactions of flotation collector in solution with these minerals. The ultimate goal of this research was to investigate the possibility of xanthate chemisorption onto the chalcopyrite mineral surface. Results of the copper mineral testing confirm previous literature studies and corroborate published isotherm data. Results of the iron mineral testing showed changes in surface reactions with the addition of potassium ethyl xanthate to solution, …

Regional Patterns In The Otolith Chemistry Of Juvenile Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion Nebulosus) Differ Under Contrasting Hydrological Regimes, Chet F. Rakocinski, Bruce H. Comyns, Mark S. Peterson, Alan M. Shiller

Faculty Publications

The value of using otolith chemistry to characterize recruitment in terms of natal source regions depends on how consistently spatio-temporal variation can be resolved. The objective of this study was to compare regional classification patterns in the otolith chemistry of juvenile Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) between two years experiencing disparate hydrological regimes, and separated by a five year interlude. Spatial patterns in the whole-otolith chemistry of juveniles of this estuarine-dependent species were compared between years using five otolith elements and two stable isotopes. Consistent size-related trends in uptake and deposition were evidenced by parallel ontogenetic relationships for six otolith variables. …

The Statesman, V. 58, I. 17, Stony Brook University

Stony Brook Statesman-Sucolian

v. 58, i. 17

Mole Street Journal, February 2015, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Molecular Modeling Of Sigma 1 And Sigma 2 Receptor Ligands: Pharmacophore Development And Comparison Using Discotech And Bioactivity Prediction Comparison Of Ab Initio And Density Functional Comfa Studies For Spiro And Other Receptor Ligands, Lisa M. Kardos

Dissertations

The role of the biological receptor is currently being studied by researchers in medicine. Information about sigma receptors in particular can be gained by studying the ligands associated with each type, sigma 1 or sigma 2. Sigma 1 receptor ligands consist of drug candidates that often have psychiatric and neurological applications; sigma 2 receptor ligands consist of drug candidates that have been linked with cancer treatment among other applications.

Molecular modeling of biological receptor ligands often encompasses pharmacophore development and Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA). Pharmacophore models are developed to understand the unique features such as binding groups that make …

Monthly Variations In The Shell Structure Of Two Freshwater Ostracod (Crustacea) Species In Karapınar Spring (Bolu, Turkey), Okan Külköylüoğlu, Manuel R. Palacios-Fest, Dirk Baron, Necmetti̇n Sari

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The variations of environmental conditions (T °C, pH, Δ13C, Δ18O, Mg/Ca, and Sr/Ca) for two ostracod species (Psychrodromus olivaceus, Potamocypris similis) were analyzed and compared to identify the controls of environmental parameters on the chemical and isotopic composition of their valves. The specimens were collected from Karapınar Spring (Bolu, Turkey) between October 2009 and November 2010. The species were observed throughout the year. Psychrodromus olivaceus showed relatively constant Mg/Ca ratios during the study period, whereas those of P. Similis showed more variability. The ratio was also significantly different (P < 0.05) between the two species. We did not find significant correlation between water temperature and either of the species' Mg/Ca ratios. The stable isotope record for P. Similis was very patchy, showing a small range of values consistent with the groundwater source, similar to the behavior of Sr/Ca. The Sr/Ca ratio displayed little variation throughout the year, suggesting hydrochemical stability over time, most likely in response to the groundwater source. The stable isotope data displayed pronounced variability for P. Similis but little for P. Olivaceus, suggesting that the former may be responding to seasonality, whereas the latter responds to groundwater.

Elucidating The Role Of Injury-Induced Electric Fields (Efs) In Regulating The Astrocytic Response To Injury In The Mammalian Central Nervous System, Matthew L. Baer, Scott C. Henderson, Raymond J. Colello

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

Injury to the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) induces astrocytes to change their morphology, to increase their rate of proliferation, and to display directional migration to the injury site, all to facilitate repair. These astrocytic responses to injury occur in a clear temporal sequence and, by their intensity and duration, can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the repair of damaged CNS tissue. Studies on highly regenerative tissues in non-mammalian vertebrates have demonstrated that the intensity of direct-current extracellular electric fields (EFs) at the injury site, which are 50–100 fold greater than in uninjured tissue, represent a potent signal …

Exploring The Use Of Faded Worked Examples As A Problem Solving Approach For Underprepared Students, Tiffany Hesser, Jess L. Gregory

Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

It is not uncommon for students to find themselves underprepared when entering a post secondary institution. In additional to lower levels of academic achievement, underprepared students may not be aware that they lack the skills needed to be successful and effectively acquire and process information. Because of this, students that enter post-secondary institutions underprepared often require more support in and out of the college classroom.

In computational based classes, such as math, engineering, chemistry or physics, this support often includes an introduction to effective problem solving strategies. This study introduced faded worked examples as a problem solving approach to students …

Application Of Otolith Chemical Signatures To Estimate Population Connectivity Of Red Snapper In The Western Gulf Of Mexico, Michelle Zapp Sluis, Beverly K. Barnett, William F. Patterson, James H. Cowan, Alan M. Shiller

Faculty Publications

Otolith chemical signatures of Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus from six nursery regions were used to estimate the sources of recruits to four sampling regions in the western Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) and to estimate whether postsettlement mixing of Red Snapper occurs between the U.S. and Mexican portions of the western Gulf. In a previous study, region-specific otolith signatures (element : Ca ratios: Ba:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, Sr:Ca, and Li:Ca; stable isotope delta values: δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O) were developed based on age-0 Red Snapper (2005–2007 year-classes) sampled from the six nursery areas. In the present study, subadult and …

Investigation Of Β-Cyclodextrin's Ability In Differentiating Chiral Guest Molecules And Synthesis Of 1,6-Diphenyl-2,4-Hexadiene-1,6-Dione, Guang Yang

Masters Theses

This research work comprised two projects. The first one mainly focused on the synthesis of 12 alanine derivatives and analysis of their interactions with β-cyclodextrin through ¹H NMR titration. And the other project was an investigation of the conjugation effect of alkynones in its addition reactions with tributyltin hydride.

The synthesis of the alanine derivatives involved methyl esterification of alanine and then the substitution of an NH hydrogen with a benzoyl group. A total of 4 different substitution groups, labeled as the "A" groups, were introduced on the para-position of the benzoyl's phenyl group. Since alanine has one chiral …