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2014

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Masthead Dec 2014

Masthead

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Rainich-Type Conditions For Perfect Fluid Spacetimes, Dionisios Krongos, Charles G. Torre Dec 2014

Rainich-Type Conditions For Perfect Fluid Spacetimes, Dionisios Krongos, Charles G. Torre

Research Vignettes

In this worksheet we describe and illustrate a relatively simple set of new Rainich-type conditions on an n-dimensional spacetime which are necessary and sufficient for it to define a perfect fluid solution of the Einstein field equations. Procedures are provided which implement these Rainich-type conditions and which reconstruct the perfect fluid from the metric. These results provide an example of the idea of geometrization of matter fields in general relativity, which is a purely geometrical characterization of matter fields via the Einstein field equations.

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Vol.42 N.22 December 25th 2014, Voice Media Ventures Dec 2014

Vol.42 N.22 December 25th 2014, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

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12/25/2014 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries Dec 2014

12/25/2014 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 12/25/2014. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

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An Analysis Of Individual Tax Morale For Russia: Before And After Flat Tax Reform, Bee K. Yew, Valentin B. Milanov, Robert W. Mcgee Dec 2014

An Analysis Of Individual Tax Morale For Russia: Before And After Flat Tax Reform, Bee K. Yew, Valentin B. Milanov, Robert W. Mcgee

Faculty Working Papers from the School of Business and Economics

This paper examines individual tax morale in Russia before and after the introduction of flat tax reform in 2001. The World Values (WVS) and European Values Survey (EVS) are used to compare individual tax morale in 1999, 2006 and 2011. An ordered probit regression model is applied to study the effects of socio-demographic and institutional variables on individual tax morale. A new variable for employment sector that appeared in 2006 and 2011 values surveys is included in our model. The probit regression results revealed significant coefficients for income scale and the employment sector variables with negative marginal effects on tax …

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The Impact Of Independent Directors On The Cash Conversion Cycle Of American Manufacturing Firms, John Obradovich, Amarjit Gill, Nahum Biger Dec 2014

The Impact Of Independent Directors On The Cash Conversion Cycle Of American Manufacturing Firms, John Obradovich, Amarjit Gill, Nahum Biger

Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study examined the impact of independent directors on the cash conversion cycle of American manufacturing firms. A sample of 189 American manufacturing firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) for a period of five years (from 2009–2013) was used. The findings indicate that the presence of independent directors on the board of directors shortens the inventory period and cash conversion cycle of manufacturing firms. The study contributes to the literature on the factors that shorten the cash conversion cycle of the firm. The results may be used by financial managers and operations managers.

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Transitional Justice And Peacebuilding In Africa: Nexus Or Nemesis? / Muhammad Danial Azman, M. D. Azman Dec 2014

Transitional Justice And Peacebuilding In Africa: Nexus Or Nemesis? / Muhammad Danial Azman, M. D. Azman

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

In what way have liberal peacebuilding interacted with the mechanisms commonly associated with Transitional Justice (TJ), and how has this enriched the debate of liberal peace and democracy in Africa? In two parts, this article briefly elucidates the intersection between Transitional Justice (TJ) and liberal peacebuilding. The first part begins by revising Oliver Richmond’s four generations of practices in peacebuilding. A particular emphasis will be placed here on the fourth, the most contemporary framework for liberal peacebuilding, and the major criticisms that it has received in Africa. The second part acknowledges the sustained criticism of liberal peace in Africa, which …

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The Study Of Torture: Why It Persists, Why Perceptions Of It Are Malleable, And Why It Is Difficult To Eradicate, Erin M. Kearns Dec 2014

The Study Of Torture: Why It Persists, Why Perceptions Of It Are Malleable, And Why It Is Difficult To Eradicate, Erin M. Kearns

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Why does torture persist despite its prohibition? Scholars, policymakers, and the public have heavily debated this topic in the past decade. Yet, many puzzles remain about the practice of torture. Scholarship on torture spans academic disciplines, which adds diversity in perspectives brought to these questions but also can lead to redundancy and stunted progress in research on the issue as a whole. This article assesses the state of the multidisciplinary literature on torture in counterterrorism with specific focus on why democracies torture despite prohibiting it, how public perception of torture is malleable, and why so few countries are able to …

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The Weekly Challenger, December 25, 2014, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al Dec 2014

The Weekly Challenger, December 25, 2014, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The December 25, 2014, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

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Swaps Allow China To Go On Offensive, China Daily Dec 2014

Swaps Allow China To Go On Offensive, China Daily

Documents

No abstract provided.

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О Внесении Изменений В Статью 11 Федерального Закона "О Страховании Вкладов Физических Лиц В Банках Российской Федерации" И Статью 46 Федерального Закона "О Центральном Банке Российской Федерации (Банке России)", Russian Federation: Federation Council Dec 2014

О Внесении Изменений В Статью 11 Федерального Закона "О Страховании Вкладов Физических Лиц В Банках Российской Федерации" И Статью 46 Федерального Закона "О Центральном Банке Российской Федерации (Банке России)", Russian Federation: Federation Council

Documents

Original title is "О внесении изменений в статью 11 ФедеральноÐóо закона "О страховании вкладов физических лиц в банках Российской Федерации" и статью 46 ФедеральноÐóо закона "О Центральном банке Российской Федерации (Банке России)""

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Real-Time Kinetic Studies Of Bacillus Subtilis Oxalate Decarboxylase And Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora Oxalate Oxidase Using Luminescent Oxygen Sensor, Laura Molina, Thomas Goodall, Umar Twahir, Ellen W. Moomaw Dec 2014

Real-Time Kinetic Studies Of Bacillus Subtilis Oxalate Decarboxylase And Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora Oxalate Oxidase Using Luminescent Oxygen Sensor, Laura Molina, Thomas Goodall, Umar Twahir, Ellen W. Moomaw

Faculty Articles

Oxalate decarboxylase (OxDC), an enzyme of the bicupin superfamily, catalyzes the decomposition of oxalate into carbon dioxide and formate at an optimal pH of 4.3 in the presence of oxygen. However, about 0.2% of all reactions occur through an oxidase mechanism that consumes oxygen while producing two equivalents of carbon dioxide and one equivalent of hydrogen peroxide. The kinetics of oxidase activity were studied by measuring the consumption of dissolved oxygen over time using a luminescent oxygen sensor. We describe the implementation of and improvements to the oxygen consumption assay. The oxidase activity of wild type OxDC was compared to …

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“She Posted It On Facebook”: Mexican American Adolescents’ Experiences With Technology And Romantic Relationship Conflict, Heidi Adams Rueda, Megan Lindsay, Lela Rankin Williams Dec 2014

“She Posted It On Facebook”: Mexican American Adolescents’ Experiences With Technology And Romantic Relationship Conflict, Heidi Adams Rueda, Megan Lindsay, Lela Rankin Williams

Social Work Faculty Publications

We examined experiences with technology and dating conflict among Mexican American (MA) adolescents (ages 15-17 years) using mixed qualitative methodologies. Focus groups, divided by three levels of acculturation and gender (N = 20), and videotaped observations of couples (N = 34), found that technology (i.e., cell phones, social media) afforded adolescents increased visibility of their partners’ day-to-day peer interactions. Feelings of romantic jealousy resulted in text message harassment and the expectation of immediate technology-facilitated contact. Females were more flirtatious as well as emotionally affected by jealousy resulting from social media sites, and males set rules regarding other-sex texting. …

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Implementasi Perjanjian Kemitraan Ekonomi Indonesia-Jepang: Analisis Dari Perspektif Indonesia, Syamsul Hadi Dec 2014

Implementasi Perjanjian Kemitraan Ekonomi Indonesia-Jepang: Analisis Dari Perspektif Indonesia, Syamsul Hadi

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article describes the implementation of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership (IJEPA) in four main sectors: trade, investment, manpower, and capacity building from the Indonesian perspective. It finds that in its implementation, IJEPA suffers some obstacles that hampers Indonesia’s expectation, especially in manpower and capacity building cooperation. In trade, Japan’s tariff reduction under the IJEPA does not necessarily lead to Indonesia’s automatic market penetration to Japanese market as the actual obstacle is not on tariff barriers, but non-tariff barriers. Exception could be seen in investment sector, which has shown a relatively good progress, especially on Japanese increasing interests as well as its …

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Demokrasi Tanpa Demos: Problem Gerakan Occupy Dalam Era Informasi, Ziyad Falahi Dec 2014

Demokrasi Tanpa Demos: Problem Gerakan Occupy Dalam Era Informasi, Ziyad Falahi

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article examines the future of Occupy, which has become a leaderless resistance movement with people of many colors, genders, and political beliefs that say together that the neoliberal system isn't working for us. Moreover, now the Zuccotti model is morphing, and Occupy is undergoing a period of sustained global innovation. However, several large demonstrations have taken place all over the world in recent years after global crisis in 2008. But, The ancient discussion about the purposes of wealth and the conflict between oligarchy - rule of the rich - and democracy - the rule of the demos/the people comes …

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Politik Minyak Dalam Konflik Suriah, Tia Mariatul Kibtiah Dec 2014

Politik Minyak Dalam Konflik Suriah, Tia Mariatul Kibtiah

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

The dynamics of conflict in Syria has influenced the energy security in the region. United States and Europe both have strategic interests on Syrian for securing the flow of oil and gas from the Middle East to Europe and preserving peace and harmony in the region. This article contends that Syria plays a strategic role in maintaining the stability of oil production from the Middle East. Even though the production of oil in Syria declined drastically from 400,000 barrell per day to 25,000 barrell per day, but most of those products are at the hand of opposition, including the jihadist …

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Bagaimana Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (Apec) Menyesuaikan Harapan Dan Menjawab Tantangan Untuk Mencapai Berbagai Tujuannya?, Beginda Pakpahan Dec 2014

Bagaimana Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (Apec) Menyesuaikan Harapan Dan Menjawab Tantangan Untuk Mencapai Berbagai Tujuannya?, Beginda Pakpahan

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

APEC has been established since 1989 with 21 member countries. The crucial questions are what are major works of APEC from 1994 to present time? What are APEC's current challenges? And, how APEC manages its hopes and responds to the challenges in order to reach its goals? This article argues that APEC is on the right track to attain the Bogor goals by pursuing trade liberalization in its member countries. There are several works which have been achieved by APEC, for example: its achievements for trade liberalization in goods and its support for facilitating foreign investment in the Asia-Pacific region. …

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Analisis Balance Of Interest Pada Aliansi Tiongkok Dan Rusia Dalam Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (Sco) Periode 2001-2007, Candini Candanila Dec 2014

Analisis Balance Of Interest Pada Aliansi Tiongkok Dan Rusia Dalam Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (Sco) Periode 2001-2007, Candini Candanila

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Interaksi Cina dan Rusia di kawasan Asia Tengah, khususnya dalam kerangka kerjasama Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), merupakan fenomena yang menarik untuk dikaji mengingat kedua negara tersebut tergolong sebagai great power, memiliki kepentingan yang hampir serupa di bidang energi dalam kawasan tersebut, namun memiliki political goals yang cukup berbeda. Tulisan ini mencoba mengkaji secara mendalam tentang bagaimana kesetimbangan kepentingan (balance of interest) dari Cina dan Rusia di bidang energi beserta besarnya kapabilitas nasional dari kedua negara tersebut menjadi faktor penentu dalam pembentukan SCO bersama Kazakstan, Kirgistan, Tajikistan, dan Uzbekistan. Tulisan ini juga menunjukkan bagaimana political goals yang berbeda dapat dikesampingkan oleh …

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Efektivitas Penggunaan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) Dalam Strategi Kontra-Terorisme Amerika Serikat Di Pakistan (2004-2012), Egalita Irfan Dec 2014

Efektivitas Penggunaan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) Dalam Strategi Kontra-Terorisme Amerika Serikat Di Pakistan (2004-2012), Egalita Irfan

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is an armed unmanned plane, which is also one of the most advanced technologies developed by the United States. UAV is more superior compared with other kinds of weapon. Currently, it is used in many parts of the world as a part of the United States' counter-terrorism measure. However, the use of UAV in Pakistan since 2004 to 2012 does not successfully reduce the number of terrorist attack that happens on that country. This research aims to figure out the reasons behind this failure through the use of congruence in retrospective. The results show that the …

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Discrete Energies Of A Weakly Outcoupled Atom Laser Beam Outside The Bose–Einstein Condensate Region, Teguh Budi Prayitno Dec 2014

Discrete Energies Of A Weakly Outcoupled Atom Laser Beam Outside The Bose–Einstein Condensate Region, Teguh Budi Prayitno

Makara Journal of Science

We consider the possibility of a discrete set of energies of a weakly outcoupled atom laser beam to the homogeneous Schrödinger equation with anisotropic harmonic trap in Cartesian coordinates outside the Bose–Einstein condensate region. This treatment is used because working in the cylindrical coordinates is not really possible, even though we implement the cigar-shaped trap case. The Schrödinger equation appears to replace a set of two-coupled Gross– Pitaevskii equations by enabling the weak-coupling assumption. This atom laser can be produced in a simple way that only involves extracting the atoms in a condensate from by using the radio frequency field. …

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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Of Alginate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles, Foliatini Foliatini, Yoki Yulizar, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah Dec 2014

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Of Alginate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles, Foliatini Foliatini, Yoki Yulizar, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah

Makara Journal of Science

during boreal summer to fall 2011. In this study, data from satellite observations and atmospheric reanalysis datasets

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Isolation Of Pandangolide 1 From Cladosporium Oxysporum, An Endophyte Of The Terrestrial Plant Alyxia Reinwardtii, Dwi Hartanti, Diah Intan Purwanti, Herdayanto Sulistyo Putro, Mostafa Ezzat Rateb, Suwidji Wongso, Noor Erma Sugijanto, Rainer Ebel, Gunawan Indrayanto Dec 2014

Isolation Of Pandangolide 1 From Cladosporium Oxysporum, An Endophyte Of The Terrestrial Plant Alyxia Reinwardtii, Dwi Hartanti, Diah Intan Purwanti, Herdayanto Sulistyo Putro, Mostafa Ezzat Rateb, Suwidji Wongso, Noor Erma Sugijanto, Rainer Ebel, Gunawan Indrayanto

Makara Journal of Science

that the 2011 IOD was a weak and short-lived event. It developed in July, peaked in September, decayed in October and

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Intergenus Protoplast Fusion Between Pichia Manshurica And Rhodosporidium Paludigenum To Increase The Production Of Inulinase, Wijanarka Wijanarka, Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto, Kumala Dewi, Ari Indrianto Dec 2014

Intergenus Protoplast Fusion Between Pichia Manshurica And Rhodosporidium Paludigenum To Increase The Production Of Inulinase, Wijanarka Wijanarka, Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto, Kumala Dewi, Ari Indrianto

Makara Journal of Science

The purposes of this study was to identify the optimum concentration of the lytic enzyme Glucanex for protoplast isolation and to conduct fusion for the purpose of increasing inulinase production. The study performs the protoplast fusion technique using Pichia manshurica and Rhodosporidium paludigenum. Protoplast fusion consists of a series of stages: protoplast isolation, protoplast fusion, protoplast regeneration, and analysis of hybrid fusion results. Protoplast isolation and fusion success rate are determined by various factors, including age of the culture, media type, and type of lytic enzymes used. Hybrid results were analyzed using a fungicide as a marker and measuring specific …

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Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mode In The Tropical Indian Ocean During 2011, Iskhaq Iskandar, Wijaya Mardiansyah, Dedi Setiabudidaya Dec 2014

Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mode In The Tropical Indian Ocean During 2011, Iskhaq Iskandar, Wijaya Mardiansyah, Dedi Setiabudidaya

Makara Journal of Science

Coupled ocean-atmosphere mode in the tropical Indian Ocean, so-called the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), occurred

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Induction Of Callose Deposition In Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum) By Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tabaci And Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Pipit Marianingsih, Andi Salamah, Yuki Ichinose Dec 2014

Induction Of Callose Deposition In Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum) By Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tabaci And Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Pipit Marianingsih, Andi Salamah, Yuki Ichinose

Makara Journal of Science

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of outer-membrane gram-negative bacteria, and it can act as a Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) for perception of pathogens by plants. LPS can be recognized by plants, triggering certain plant defense-related responses, including callose deposition. This study investigated induction of callose deposition by bacterial LPS in tobacco. Tobacco leaves were infiltrated with 400 µg/mL and 800 µg/mL LPS extracted from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Pta) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (Pgl) and incubated for 24 h or 48 h. To detect callose deposition, tobacco leaves were cleared in lactophenol solution, stained with aniline blue, and …

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Combined Effect Of Hot Extrusion And Heat Treatment On The Mechanical Behavior Of 7055 Aa Processed Via Spray Metal Forming, J. M. Schreiber, Z. R. Omcikus, Timothy Eden, Mala Sharma, V. Champagne, S. N. Patankar Dec 2014

Combined Effect Of Hot Extrusion And Heat Treatment On The Mechanical Behavior Of 7055 Aa Processed Via Spray Metal Forming, J. M. Schreiber, Z. R. Omcikus, Timothy Eden, Mala Sharma, V. Champagne, S. N. Patankar

Faculty Journal Articles

The mechanical properties of 7xxx series alloys can be tailored by subjecting them to deformation pro- cessing and heat treatment. In the present study dealing with spray forming of 7055 AA, extrusion and heat treatment involving solutionizing followed by peak aging resulted in improved mechanical behavior. The strength and ductility obtained are comparable to that of extruded and heat treated as-cast 7055 AA (Mondal et al., 2011) [1]. Spray forming offers an alternate route to develop high strength aluminum alloys and the current study is an attempt that draws closer to the target value of 1GPa strength and 10% ductility …

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School Choice As Means Of Social Change, Derryce Howzell Dec 2014

School Choice As Means Of Social Change, Derryce Howzell

Communication & Leadership Dissertations and Theses

Parents and politicians have debated the topic of school choice for more than 20 years. The argument has changed slightly while also allowing more options to families. Rather than require students to be subject to de facto segregation, school choice offers the opportunity for students to interact with a more diverse population of students. As students interact with other students of diverse background they develop a better understanding of the world. Research suggests these students are also more likely to attend higher education and ultimately upgrade their socio-economic class. These interactions coupled with access to greater resources allow minority students …

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State V. Melisron, Ltd., Elyakim Rubinstein, Daphne Barak-Erez, Uzi Vogelman Dec 2014

State V. Melisron, Ltd., Elyakim Rubinstein, Daphne Barak-Erez, Uzi Vogelman

Translated Opinions

Appeals on judgments on the District Court in an affair of securities fraud, in which Golan Madar, Eliyahu Haelyon, Ofer Investments Ltd. and Ofer Development were convicted, and both Melisron, Ltd. and Avraham Levi was acquitted due to reasonable doubt. We are concerned with two primary issues: 1) Should a person be convicted of the offense of manipulation under section 54(a)(2) of the Securities Law if it was found that his actions were motivated by mixed intentions – a fraudulent intent and a legitimate business intent; and 2) Under what circumstances should a corporation be found criminally responsible for offenses …

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Salt And Water Balance In The Land Crabs Of Christmas Island: A Review, Lm Turner Dec 2014

Salt And Water Balance In The Land Crabs Of Christmas Island: A Review, Lm Turner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Work conducted on the land crabs of Christmas Island has advanced our knowledge of the ecophysiology of ion and water balance not only in terrestrial crabs, but across the Crustacea. For instance, studies undertaken on endemic Christmas Island species, such as Discoplax celeste, which is unique in its evolutionary position and ecology as a freshwater/land crab, have allowed us to increase our understanding of the mechanisms that have underpinned the evolution of these animals from the sea to the terrestrial environment. Recent studies have focused on understanding the neuroendocrine control of osmoregulation in terrestrial crabs on Christmas Island, with crustacean …

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Clinical Art Therapy And Hebrew Calligraphy: An Integration Of Practices, Debra Linesch Dec 2014

Clinical Art Therapy And Hebrew Calligraphy: An Integration Of Practices, Debra Linesch

Journal of Clinical Art Therapy

This paper explores the process of integrating two apparently disparate practices, clinical art therapy and the rendering of Hebrew calligraphy as religious ritual. A growing body of literature that supports this attempt at integration is briefly reviewed. Following this, an exploration of the potential integration is described, discussed and analyzed. The author’s own images are viewed as an example of an image making process that is developed from a faith tradition and informed by the understandings and values of clinical art therapy. The findings of the exploration suggest that art therapy understandings have the potential to illuminate and support many …

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