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2014

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Stakeholder Perspectives Regarding The Ecosystem Services Produced By The Frank Church - River Of No Return Wilderness In Central Idaho, Benjamin Thomas Irey Jan 2014

Stakeholder Perspectives Regarding The Ecosystem Services Produced By The Frank Church - River Of No Return Wilderness In Central Idaho, Benjamin Thomas Irey

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Wilderness management is directed by policy and legislation that mandates protection of the values associated with wilderness character. However, there is ample evidence to suggest that wilderness benefits society in many ways, beyond the values associated with wilderness character. If that is the case, then failure to account for those values will lead to socially inefficient management decisions. The Frank Church - River of No Return Wilderness (FC-RONRW) in central Idaho was selected as a case study region in which to test the hypothesis that society derives a multitude of benefits from wilderness in addition to those associated with wilderness …

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Changing Participation In Guided Interactive Shared Reading: A Study Of Early Childhood Teachers' Implementation And Children's Engagement, Nanci Lynn Waterhouse Jan 2014

Changing Participation In Guided Interactive Shared Reading: A Study Of Early Childhood Teachers' Implementation And Children's Engagement, Nanci Lynn Waterhouse

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In the context of a pilot project to implement program-wide change by integrating academic and behavioral supports through an early childhood multi-tiered system of support, one program was challenged to strengthen two process components of its model: 1) the implementation of an evidence-informed approach to shared reading as recommended in their newly adopted curriculum and 2) the provision of effective professional development (PD) in support of practice implementation. The embedded case study describes the impact of a PD model on two teachers' attempts to integrate dialogic reading (Lonigan & Whitehurst, 1998) and related strategies in a whole class setting through …

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Effect Of An Intensive Intervention On The Early Literacy Skills Of Kindergarten Students Identified As Most At Risk For Future Reading Difficulties, Craig S. Buscher Jan 2014

Effect Of An Intensive Intervention On The Early Literacy Skills Of Kindergarten Students Identified As Most At Risk For Future Reading Difficulties, Craig S. Buscher

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

There is limited research investigating the individualized effects of early literacy interventions on kindergarten students who are most at risk for reading failure at school entry. In this study, a multiple baseline design was used to measure the effect of an early literacy intervention on the alphabet knowledge and phonological awareness of kindergarten students identified as most at risk. First, a two-stage screening process consisting of measures of alphabet knowledge, phonological awareness, and rapid automatic naming was employed to identify those students with the lowest overall skill level from the entire at-risk kindergarten population from one school building. The nine …

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Assessing The Determinants Facilitating Local Vulnerabilities And Adaptive Capacities To Climate Change Impacts In High Mountain Areas: A Case Study Of Northern Ladakh, India, Kimiko Nygaard Barrett Jan 2014

Assessing The Determinants Facilitating Local Vulnerabilities And Adaptive Capacities To Climate Change Impacts In High Mountain Areas: A Case Study Of Northern Ladakh, India, Kimiko Nygaard Barrett

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Climate change is increasingly redefining the dialectic exchange between human systems and ecological processes. While the rhetoric of climate change is articulated within broad arenas of governance and policy, the realities of climate change are experienced at the local scale. Effective adaptation measures must therefore be commensurate with local resources, needs and objectives while remaining aligned with larger decision-making efforts. The impacts of climate change are heterogeneous and vary with geographic context. Biophysical parameters interface with socioeconomic and political forces to greatly influence the outcome of climate-related risks at the local level. In the high mountains of the western Himalayas …

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School-Based Dbt Skills Groups For Adolescent Eating Disorders And Body Image Concerns: A Pilot Study, Jordan Fiorillo Scotti Jan 2014

School-Based Dbt Skills Groups For Adolescent Eating Disorders And Body Image Concerns: A Pilot Study, Jordan Fiorillo Scotti

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Child and adolescent mental health concerns are increasingly being addressed in school settings. However, little research exists to evaluate how use of evidence-based interventions in an educational setting impacts treatment efficacy. Common concerns facing female adolescents in the U.S. are eating disorders (ED) and body image disturbances. To date, no studies of ED treatment in a school setting have been published, although several prevention interventions have some empirical support. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a comprehensive treatment approach with a growing evidence base for a variety of populations, including adolescents and patients with ED. This pilot study was designed to …

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Stigma Perceptions Of Adolescents With Emotional And/Or Behavioral Difficulties, Camille Barraclough Jan 2014

Stigma Perceptions Of Adolescents With Emotional And/Or Behavioral Difficulties, Camille Barraclough

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The current study sought to better understand how adolescents with serious mental health problems participating in inpatient psychiatric treatment experience self- and perceived public stigma, using demographic and clinical factors to help further explain adolescents' experience of self- and perceived public stigma. Participants reported moderate levels of both self- and perceived public stigma, though these adolescents did not report significantly higher levels of self- or perceived public stigma than community/outpatient based samples. Although neither the three demographic nor three clinical factors were able to account for a significant amount of reported self- or perceived public stigma, the current research examined …

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Remembering Together: The Relationships Of Historical Loss, Social Support, Depression, And Resilience, Matthew Croxton Jan 2014

Remembering Together: The Relationships Of Historical Loss, Social Support, Depression, And Resilience, Matthew Croxton

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Colonization, genocide, boarding schools, and relocation programs have created complex psychological issues for Native American people. Although these events are rooted in the past, the resulting political, social, and economic situations continue to play a role in influencing the mental health of Native Americans. There are considerations to be given to social support as a protective factor that provides resiliency for Native Americans. Historical trauma (as measured by the Historical Loss Scale, HLS), social support (as measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, MSPSS), depression (as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D) and resilience …

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Diocletian’S Victory Column And The Rhetoric Of Spectacular Disruption, Richard Benjamin Crosby Jan 2014

Diocletian’S Victory Column And The Rhetoric Of Spectacular Disruption, Richard Benjamin Crosby

Faculty Publications

This essay explores how the powerful system of cultural references in the architecture of Alexandria is disrupted by Roman visual rhetoric. Specifically, the essay closely analyzes Diocletian’s Victory Column, a monument to the third-century Roman ruler who put down an Alexandrian uprising. The authors argue that Rome employed a visual rhetoric of spectacular disruption as a means to insert itself into the city’s historical identity even after its siege created widespread disease and starvation. The essay builds on the substantial scholarship on public memory by describing a kind of rhetoric that poses a political, existential challenge to a reigning cultural …

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Pick Up Sticks Art Teacher - Interconnectedness And Fragility: Pedagogy As An Artistic Encounter, Mark Graham Jan 2014

Pick Up Sticks Art Teacher - Interconnectedness And Fragility: Pedagogy As An Artistic Encounter, Mark Graham

Faculty Publications

I am interested in the dilemma thatK–12 art teachers often bring up when we talk about art and teaching; the struggle to maintain their artistic identity. School is seen as a sometimes rewarding but generally time-consuming detour from the art studio.They try to keep the artist alive by making art “on the side” or in the margins of their teaching responsibilities. The conflict between teacher and artist is also apparent in the education of college art students, where the ultimate “prize” is to get the MFA and then eventually to be anointed a college teacher. The aspiration to become a …

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Geography’S Place In Big Sky Country: A Study Of Motivating And Demotivating Factors For Teaching Geography In The Montana Classroom, Kayde Ellen Kaiser Jan 2014

Geography’S Place In Big Sky Country: A Study Of Motivating And Demotivating Factors For Teaching Geography In The Montana Classroom, Kayde Ellen Kaiser

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The purpose of this research was to develop an understanding of the motivating and demotivating factors for teaching geography. The research examined what aspects of policy, preparation, administration, etc. affect a teacher’s desire to teach geography concepts in the (K)-12 classroom. By understanding these factors, organizations and programs can begin to mitigate them with the intention of encouraging teacher to teach quality geography concepts, and ultimately produce students with increased geographical knowledge and literacy. The research created a set of primary source data that will be utilized for further research and strategic planning. The research will assist the Montana Geographic …

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Psychological Abuse As A Predictor Of Trauma In Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence, Marie Baca Villa Jan 2014

Psychological Abuse As A Predictor Of Trauma In Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence, Marie Baca Villa

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a long-standing issue that has recently been investigated as a significant social and interpersonal problem. Research has suggested that psychological abuse is both more prevalent and more devastating to victims, as compared to physical violence. While there remains no true consensus as to the definition of “psychological abuse”, a current conceptualization typifies psychological abuse into four groups of acts that are meant to (a)denigrate and damage a partner’s self-esteem, (b) withhold nurturing and support, (c) both explicitly and implicitly threaten, and (d) restrict personal freedom. It is hypothesized that an analysis of existing measures of …

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Restoration As Caring Practice: A Relational Perspective On Ecological Recovery, Daniel Avery Congdon Jan 2014

Restoration As Caring Practice: A Relational Perspective On Ecological Recovery, Daniel Avery Congdon

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Ecological restoration is defined by the Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) as “the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged or destroyed” (9). In practice, restoration typically involves the removal of pollution, human-made structures (like dams or roads), invasive species, and other impediments to ecological health. Removing the sources of ecological impairment is coupled with the reintroduction of flora, fauna, and the physical structures that are necessary for healthy ecosystem function. The potential for restoration to dominate nature is a concern of environmental ethicists. In theory, domination might stem from the technology used in …

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An Experimental Study On The Relevance And Scope Of Nationality As A Coordination Device, Olga B. Stoddard, Andreas Leibbrandt Jan 2014

An Experimental Study On The Relevance And Scope Of Nationality As A Coordination Device, Olga B. Stoddard, Andreas Leibbrandt

Faculty Publications

In a period marked by extensive cross-national interactions, nationality may present an important focal point that individuals coordinate on. This study uses an experimental approach to study whether nationality serves as a coordination device. We let subjects from Japan, Korea, and China play coordination games in which we vary information about their partner. The results show that nationality serves as a coordination device if common nationality is the only piece of information available to the subjects. The strength of this device is nationality-dependent and diminishes when participants are provided with additional information about their partner. We also find that subjects …

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Currents Of Time And Universe, Carmen Malsch Jan 2014

Currents Of Time And Universe, Carmen Malsch

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Malsch, Carmen, M.F.A., Summer 2014. Fine Art Currents of Time and Universe Chairperson: Professor James Bailey Abstract Currents of Time and Universe explores personal awareness and connection to the universe. Large woodcut and intaglio prints describe a visual vocabulary for universal themes. In this vocabulary, a current is the image for awareness, connection, and motion in space and time. Bird forms frequenting the images represent the habitation of both earth and sky. Less grounded and more of the air than the human, the bird image identifies with the inner life of a person more than with the physical body. However, …

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Interest And Informational Preferences Regarding Genomic Testing For Modest Increases In Colorectal Cancer Risk, Wendy C. Birmingham, A E. Anderson, K G. Flores, Watcharaporn Boonyasiriwat, Amanda Gammon, Wendy Kohlmann, M D. Schwartz, J Samadder, K Boucher, A Y. Kinney Jan 2014

Interest And Informational Preferences Regarding Genomic Testing For Modest Increases In Colorectal Cancer Risk, Wendy C. Birmingham, A E. Anderson, K G. Flores, Watcharaporn Boonyasiriwat, Amanda Gammon, Wendy Kohlmann, M D. Schwartz, J Samadder, K Boucher, A Y. Kinney

Faculty Publications

Background/Aims: This study explored the interest in genomic testing for modest changes in colorectal cancer risk and preferences for receiving genomic risk communications among individuals with intermediate disease risk due to a family history of colorectal cancer. Methods: Surveys were conducted on 272 men and women at intermediate risk for colorectal cancer enrolled in a randomized trial comparing a remote personalized risk communication intervention (TeleCARE) aimed at promoting colonoscopy to a generic print control condition. Guided by Leventhal’s Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation, we examined demographic and psychosocial factors possibly associated with interest in SNP testing. Descriptive statistics and logistic …

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Relationship Quality And Oxytocin: Influence Of Stable And Modifiable Aspects Of Relationships, Wendy C. Birmingham, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Kathleen C. Light Jan 2014

Relationship Quality And Oxytocin: Influence Of Stable And Modifiable Aspects Of Relationships, Wendy C. Birmingham, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Kathleen C. Light

Faculty Publications

Prior studies report that couples with higher relationship quality show higher oxytocin (OT) levels, yet other studies report those with higher distress have increased OT. This study investigated these competing predictions in the context of a support enhancement intervention among 34 young married couples (N = 68). Preintervention marital quality (Dyadic Adjustment Scale) was examined for associations with plasma and salivary OT levels 4 weeks apart and for changes between these time points within the intervention group. High relationship quality, not distress, was associated with higher OT in both saliva and plasma at both time points. No significant interaction …

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Design-Driven Innovation As Seen In A Worldwide, Values-Based Curriculum, Camey Andersen Hadlock, Jason K. Mcdonald Jan 2014

Design-Driven Innovation As Seen In A Worldwide, Values-Based Curriculum, Camey Andersen Hadlock, Jason K. Mcdonald

Faculty Publications

While instructional design’s technological roots have given it many approaches for process and product improvement, in most cases designers still rely on instructional forms that do not allow them to develop instruction of a quality consistent with that expressed by the field’s visionary leaders. As a result, often the teachers and students using instructional products remain confined by equally limiting views of instruction and learning that cannot help them achieve the outcomes the designer originally envisioned. In this paper we discuss how a relatively new design approach, design-driven innovation, can give instructional designers additional tools to shape the meaning …

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Modeling Change In The Presence Of Non-Randomly Missing Data: Evaluating A Shared Parameter Mixture Model, Scott A. Baldwin, Nisha C. Gottfredson, Daniel J. Bauer Jan 2014

Modeling Change In The Presence Of Non-Randomly Missing Data: Evaluating A Shared Parameter Mixture Model, Scott A. Baldwin, Nisha C. Gottfredson, Daniel J. Bauer

Faculty Publications

In longitudinal research, interest often centers on individual trajectories of change over time. When there is missing data, a concern is whether data are systematically missing as a function of the individual trajectories. Such a missing data process, termed random coefficient-dependent missingness, is statistically non-ignorable and can bias parameter estimates obtained from conventional growth models that assume missing data are missing at random. This paper describes a shared-parameter mixture model (SPMM) for testing the sensitivity of growth model parameter estimates to a random coefficient-dependent missingness mechanism. Simulations show that the SPMM recovers trajectory estimates as well as or better than …

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Mother–Infant Interactions In Free-Ranging Rhesus Macaques: Relationships Between Physiological And Behavioral Variables, Dario Maestripieri, Christy L. Hoffman, George M. Anderson, C. Sue Carter, J. Dee Higley Jan 2014

Mother–Infant Interactions In Free-Ranging Rhesus Macaques: Relationships Between Physiological And Behavioral Variables, Dario Maestripieri, Christy L. Hoffman, George M. Anderson, C. Sue Carter, J. Dee Higley

Faculty Publications

Studies of mother–infant relationships in nonhuman primates have increasingly attempted to understand the neuroendocrine bases of interindividual variation in mothering styles and the mechanisms through which early exposure to variable mothering styles affects infant behavioral development. In this study of free-ranging rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico, we aimed to: 1) compare lactating and nonlactating females to investigate whether lactation is associated with changes in plasma cortisol, prolactin and oxytocin, as well as changes in CSF levels of serotonin and dopamine metabolites (5-HIAA and HVA); 2) examine the extent to which interindividual variation in maternal physiology is associated with …

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The Effects Of Team Flow On Performance: A Video Game Experiment, Mark Keith, Greg Anderson, Doug Dean, James Gaskin Jan 2014

The Effects Of Team Flow On Performance: A Video Game Experiment, Mark Keith, Greg Anderson, Doug Dean, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Research on effective team work has traditionally explained team performance as a result of team cohesion and goal commitment. Team cohesion was originally defined as the general level of attraction the team members had to all others in their group. This social relations-based concept of team cohesion is generally a strong indicator of team performance. However, more recent research has stressed the importance of incorporating the team members’ mutual level of commitment to the team task as another sub-dimension of cohesion. When including task commitment, team cohesion is a somewhat weaker predictor of team performance (Beal et al., 2003). To …

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I’M Proud Of It: Consumer Technology Appropriation And Psychological Ownership, Colleen P. Kirk, Scott D. Swain, James E. Gaskin Jan 2014

I’M Proud Of It: Consumer Technology Appropriation And Psychological Ownership, Colleen P. Kirk, Scott D. Swain, James E. Gaskin

Faculty Publications

In this conceptual paper, using the lens of self-design we examine the relationship between consumer technology appropriation and psychological ownership, suggesting that pride plays a key and multi-faceted role. Resolving discrepancies in the literature, we propose that authentic pride operates as an antecedent of psychological ownership, while hubristic pride strengthens the effect of psychological ownership on outcomes such as economic valuation and word-of-mouth. We further enrich the conceptualization by considering the moderating effects of the technology consumption context (public versus private) as well as consumers’ perceptions of situation strength (strong versus weak behavioral constraints).

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The Effects Of Social Networking Site (Sns) Use On College Students’ Friendship And Well-Being, Jin-Liang Wang, Linda A. Jackson, James Gaskin, Hai-Zhen Wang Jan 2014

The Effects Of Social Networking Site (Sns) Use On College Students’ Friendship And Well-Being, Jin-Liang Wang, Linda A. Jackson, James Gaskin, Hai-Zhen Wang

Faculty Publications

The present study was conducted with two goals in mind: (1) to examine the influence of using different types of SNS use on users’ well-being, and (2) to examine the mediating roles of online self-disclosure and friendship quality in the relationship between types of SNS use and well-being. Participants were from two large 4-year undergraduate universities in Southwestern China. The study was conducted during Spring semester, 2013, using advertisements that described the nature of the research and indicated that compensation for participation was U10 (about $1.5 U.S.). Of the 402 students approached, 337 completed the survey (i.e., response rate was …

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Improving Password Cybersecurity Through Inexpensive And Minimally Invasive Means: Detecting And Deterring Password Reuse Through Keystroke-Dynamics Monitoring And Just-In-Time Fear Appeals, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Mark Grimes, Jeffrey Gainer Proudfoot, Paul Benjamin Lowry Jan 2014

Improving Password Cybersecurity Through Inexpensive And Minimally Invasive Means: Detecting And Deterring Password Reuse Through Keystroke-Dynamics Monitoring And Just-In-Time Fear Appeals, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Mark Grimes, Jeffrey Gainer Proudfoot, Paul Benjamin Lowry

Faculty Publications

Password reuse – using the same password for multiple accounts – is a prevalent phenomenon that can make even the most secure systems vulnerable. When passwords are reused across multiple systems, hackers may compromise accounts by stealing passwords from lowsecurity sites to access sites with higher security. Password reuse can be particularly threatening to users in developing countries in which cybersecurity training is limited, law enforcement of cybersecurity is non-existent, or in which programs to secure cyberspace are limited. This article proposes a two-pronged solution for reducing password reuse through detection and mitigation. First, based on the theories of routine, …

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The Accept Project: Social Justice Art And Education, Jackalynn Marie Snow Jan 2014

The Accept Project: Social Justice Art And Education, Jackalynn Marie Snow

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The ACCEPT Project: Social Justice Art and Education Chairperson: Jillian Campana Co-Chairperson: Karen Kaufmann The ACCEPT Project is an entity that I created out of a need to use art, and specifically theatre, in a meaningful manner beyond entertainment. I found myself inspired by artists who were using their craft to induce social change, so I sought to do likewise. The ACCEPT Project stands for Acting/Art Creates, Challenges, and Enlarges Pro-Human Truths. The information that follows documents my journey to discover a means to the ends of art for social justice and the results which came from that action. As …

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Controlling For Out-Of-Plane Lumbar Moments During Unidirectional Trunk Efforts: Learning And Reliability Issues Related To Trunk Muscle Activation Estimates, Christian Larivière, Denis Gagnon, Karine Genest Jan 2014

Controlling For Out-Of-Plane Lumbar Moments During Unidirectional Trunk Efforts: Learning And Reliability Issues Related To Trunk Muscle Activation Estimates, Christian Larivière, Denis Gagnon, Karine Genest

Études primaires

No abstract provided.

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The Relationship Of Mindfulness And Existential Anxiety, Kira Geiger Jan 2014

The Relationship Of Mindfulness And Existential Anxiety, Kira Geiger

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

Adopting various mindfulness techniques has been shown to affect both psychological and physiological conditions within the body (Hill & Updegraff, 2012; Nyklícek et al., 2013). This experiment was conducted to explore the relationship between mindfulness meditation techniques and existential anxiety reported by participants. Existential anxiety has been defined within past research as “a deep concern over whether or not one is living a meaningful and fulfilling life” (Morse, 1998). Due to the nature of the concept of mindfulness, adopting mindfulness techniques was thought to lead to generally more meaningful experiences for an individual, which would decrease the individual’s report of …

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Examination Of Natural And Captive Behaviors And Theirimplications On Mental Health In Octopus Vulgaris, Justin Odom Jan 2014

Examination Of Natural And Captive Behaviors And Theirimplications On Mental Health In Octopus Vulgaris, Justin Odom

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

In an attempt to better understand the effects of environmental enrichments on captive octopods, specifically Octopus vulgaris, as conducted by aquariums, attempts have been made to collect wild octopus from various sites in the Indian River Lagoon. Collected specimen would have been observed in captivity in order to compare their behavior with that of their wild counterparts based on the data collected by Kayes in 1973. The research conducted would serve to investigate if the environmental enrichments, institutionalized by aquariums, encourage octopods to behave more closely to the natural or wild type behaviors or if the enrichments encourage less natural …

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"The Faithless, Money-Driven World": Communication And Exchange In Thomas Pynchon’S Inherent Vice, Philip Edmond Olsen Jan 2014

"The Faithless, Money-Driven World": Communication And Exchange In Thomas Pynchon’S Inherent Vice, Philip Edmond Olsen

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

Set at the end of the 1960s in Southern California, Thomas Pynchon's novel Inherent Vice (2009) is a nostalgic and parodic take on the hard-boiled crime genre. With a nebulously defined search for an erstwhile lover and intimations of foul play from global corporations, its conventional plot construction has led most critics to view the frequency with which its private eye protagonist, Doc Sportello, consumes and distributes cannabis while detecting as a hyperbolic motif designed to accentuate the ostentation of the book’s stylistic parody. This thesis argues that Inherent Vice uses cannabis as a symbolic embodiment of a way of …

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Contribution Of Fear And Disgust To Spider Avoidance And Spider-Related Stroop Interference, Areti Vassilopoulos Jan 2014

Contribution Of Fear And Disgust To Spider Avoidance And Spider-Related Stroop Interference, Areti Vassilopoulos

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

Emotional Stroop tasks are used to observe the effects of interference in colornaming performance when under high arousal. Participants in the present study completed the Spider Phobia Questionnaire, trait fear questionnaire and trait disgust questionnaire. Response latency data were collected by an emotional Stroop task with spider-related words. Although interference effects were not observed, it is possible that this is due to the suppression effects threatening stimuli evoke in high distress participants. Participants also took part in a Behavioral Approach Task (BAT) with a Chilean Rose-hair tarantula and a Chilean Rose-hair tarantula’s shed exoskeleton. There was not a significant difference …

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The Disruption Of Patriarchy Through Class Mobility In Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights, Chrystal Wong Jan 2014

The Disruption Of Patriarchy Through Class Mobility In Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights, Chrystal Wong

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

In Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights, both male and female characters have the ability to fluidly move between classes and display behaviors that far outreach their class rank. In this thesis, I argue that Bronte uses the fluidity of class to dismantle the layers of patriarchy within the novel and larger social structures. Nelly Dean is both the narrator and a lowly housemaid within Wuthering Heights, however despite her status, she is given many privileges within the house and has a distinct sense of agency. This is a subtle queering of class structures, however Heathcliff is able to gain a massive …

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