Digital Commons Network^™

Scale As A Key Factor For Sustainable Water Management In Northwest Honduras, E. Christian Wells, Karla L. Davis-Salazar, Jose E. Moreno-Cortes

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

In northwest Honduras, community-based interventions by outside development agencies seeking to assist communities with the treatment and delivery of potable water have been largely ineffective. This article examines the social, economic, ecological, and engineered contexts of gravity-fed water systems in the Palmarejo Valley of this region, identifying key barriers to long-term sustainability. Drawing from the results of our mixed-methods research in the valley incorporating ethnographic and spatial analyses along with water quality testing, we outline the limitations of community-based development approaches that ignore the broader social and political scales of resource inequalities. We find that water provisioning often requires coordination …

Cfp - Pan-African/Palestinian Solidarities

South

This collection seeks to assemble and make visible the historical and contemporary voices of bi-directional solidarity between Palestine and the Pan-African world. Shared struggles against colonialism, racism, apartheid, settler violence, historical erasure, patriarchy, class exploitation, and other forms of oppression link Pan-African and Palestinian communities throughout all periods of their often intertwined and overlapping histories. This is particularly true in the period of anti-colonial independence struggles, especially following the 1967 war, and in the global BDS movement today. But it is also continuous throughout the twentieth century, and especially since the Nakba in 1948. Because much of this history is …

Identifying Novel Genes And Genetic/Phenotypic Spectra For Inherited Neurodegenerative Disorders Using Next-Generation Sequencing, Michael Anthony Gonzalez

Open Access Dissertations

Length-dependent axonal degeneration, sometimes referred to as the "dying-back" of a nerve, results in axonal degeneration at the most distal extent of the axon. Degeneration of extended axons in the peripheral (PNS) and central nervous systems (CNS) is the pathological basis for a number of neurological disorders, including the axonal peripheral neuropathies known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) and the axonal degeneration of the corticospinal tract in the CNS known as hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP). CMT2 and HSP are inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive axonal degeneration, which can cause severe disabilities and have no clinically available treatment options. …

Adelante Nevada: A Case Study Of Latino Political Incorporation In A New Immigrant Destination, Emily L. Mcilveene

Open Access Theses

In recent years, Latinos in Nevada have increasingly become a highly coveted voting bloc by political candidates campaigning in the state. The national media has elevated them into the political spotlight by highlighting their integral contribution to Obama’s victories in the last two presidential elections. Latino elected officials are also making history in the Governor’s office, numerous city councils, and the state legislature, which boasts more Latino members than ever before. This is a major departure from the state’s early political history that was incredibly exclusive of this population. What caused this sudden upward shift in levels of Latino political …

An Empirical Examination Of The Deca Behavioral Concerns Subscale: Establishing Measurement Invariance Between Language Forms, Veronica A. Fernandez

Open Access Theses

Appropriate assessment instruments are necessary to accurately identify children’s behavior problems and to develop interventions within the classroom. Due to increases in the cultural and linguistic diversity among the early childhood professionals, especially Spanish-speaking teachers, measures are needed in teachers’ dominant language. In response to such a need, the publishers of the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment (DECA; LeBuffe & Naglieri, 1999), a widely-used measure of children’s classroom behavior, have developed a Spanish-language form of the measure (DECA-Spanish; LeBuffe & Naglieri, 2001). In the present study, the measurement properties of the Behavioral Concerns subscale of the DECA were examined to confirm …

Mechanisms Of Condition-Specific Regulation Of Mrna Stability By Puf Proteins: From Yeast To Humans, Joseph Russo

Dissertations

RNA binding proteins regulate mRNA decay and translation, two key steps in the control of gene expression in cells. Controlling mRNA metabolism allows cells to respond rapidly to altering conditions by utilizing already available mRNA, bypassing the wait for newly transcribed mRNA. The Puf family of RNA binding proteins bind specific mRNAs through interactions with sequences located in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR). Puf proteins are conserved throughout eukaryotes and have diverse roles including stem cell maintenance, neuronal development, stress response and organelle biogenesis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Puf proteins are conditionally regulated in response to the cells metabolic. Specifically, in …

Implementation Of Sleep Problem Screening In A Pediatric Primary Care Office, Jennifer Erin O'Donnell

Dissertations

Sleep problems, a major problem for children and their parents, are the most common complaint brought to pediatric clinicians (advanced practice nurses and other healthcare providers) attention but are often ignored and underdiagnosed in the pediatric population (Faruqui, Khubchandani, Price, Bolyard, & Reddy, 2011). “Sufficient amounts of good quality sleep are necessary for healthy development in childhood” (Bordeleau, Bernier, & Carrier, 2012, p. 254). Inadequate sleep in children has been linked to numerous adverse outcomes psychologically as well as physically (Owens, Jones, & Nash, 2011). The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), issued recommendations in 2002 stating screening for snoring, one …

Mediation Analysis Of Gestational Age, Congenital Heart Defects, And Infant Birth-Weight, Adane F. Wogu, Christopher A. Loffredo, Ionut Bebu, George Luta

GW Biostatistics Center

Background

In this study we assessed the mediation role of the gestational age on the effect of the infant’s congenital heart defects (CHD) on birth-weight.

Methods

We used secondary data from the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study (1981–1989). Mediation analysis was employed to investigate whether gestational age acted as a mediator of the association between CHD and reduced birth-weight. We estimated the mediated effect, the mediation proportion, and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) using several methods.

Results

There were 3362 CHD cases and 3564 controls in the dataset with mean birth-weight of 3071 (SD = 729) and 3353 (SD = 603) …

The Third Law Of Galactic Rotation, Stacy S. Mcgaugh

Faculty Scholarship

I review the connection between dynamics and the baryonic mass distribution in rotationally-supported galaxies. The enclosed dynamical mass-to-light ratio increases with decreasing galaxy luminosity and surface brightness. The correlation with surface brightness appears to be the more fundamental, with the dependence on luminosity following simply from the weaker correlation between luminosity and surface brightness. In addition to this global relation, there is also a local relation between the amplitude of the mass discrepancy and the acceleration predicted by the observed distribution of baryons. I provide an empirical calibration of this mass discrepancy-acceleration relation. The data are consistent with the operation …

Total Synthesis Of Clavatadine A, Stephanie J. Conn, Shannon M. Vreeland, Alexandra N. Wexler, Rebecca H. Pouwer, Ronald J. Quinn, Stephen Chamberland

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

The first total synthesis of the potent and selective human blood coagulation factor XIa inhibitor clavatadine A (1) is described. Direct, early-stage guanidinylation enabled rapid, convergent access to an immediate clavatadine A precursor. Concomitant lactone hydrolysis and guanidine deprotection with aqueous acid cleanly provided clavatadine A (1) in only four steps (longest linear sequence, 41–43% overall yield).

Survey Of Tribal Court Effectiveness Studies, Ryan Fortson, Jacob A. Carbaugh

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

This article examines empirical studies that have been conducted on the effectiveness of tribal courts, both in terms of reduction in recidivism and participant attitudes, and a look at some of the challenges to implementing a tribal court effectiveness study in Alaska.

Community Justice Initiatives In The Galena District Court, Jeff D. May

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

This article examines a community outreach program in rural Alaska whereby an Alaska Court System judge uses restorative justice principles in village sentencing hearings.

Memory On Trial: The Manhunt For Alaska's Most Elusive Mass Murderer, Brittany A. Retherford

Arctic and Northern Studies

The fallibility and malleability of human memory played a confounding and troublesome role in the investigation of the 1982 murder of eight people on a fishing boat, the Investor, in Craig, Alaska, and subsequent trials of law enforcements' only suspect, John Kenneth Peel. Human memory -- including its inherent subjectivity and susceptibility to coercion and change -- ultimately resulted in an unsatisfactory resolution for victims' families and friends, law enforcement, witnesses, and others associated with the events, investigation and legal proceedings. This thesis utilizes trial records, police investigation files, newspaper stories, and personal interviews to provide a summary view of …

Further Clarification Of Interpersonal Versus Social Values Conflict: Insights From Motorized And Non-Motorized Recreational River Users, Michael J. Gibson

Natural Resources

This study examined interpersonal and social values conflict among motorized and non-motorized recreational river users within the Chena River State Recreation Area in interior Alaska. This work was undertaken in order to evaluate differences in research methodologies and to provide state park managers with information concerning the type and level of conflict among recreational rivers users and potential management strategies. Previous methodologies for operationalizing social values conflict are not conceptually clear and may result in individuals being classified into the wrong conflict typology. This study addressed these conceptual problems by: 1) introducing a new conflict typology to differentiate between social …

Properties Of Sodium Sodium Chloride Brine On Laboratory Ice, Erin P. Gleason

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Snow and ice surfaces are ubiquitous in the environment. Heterogeneous reactions on those surfaces are responsible for a wide range of phenomena such as the Antarctic stratospheric ozone hole, depletion of boundary-layer ozone, and deposition of mercury. Little is known about the location of impurities on ice surfaces or how that structure depends upon temperature and time after contamination. Therefore, we investigated microscopic structures created by depositing sodium chloride particles onto laboratory-grown ice below the hydrohalite-water eutectic temperature. As the temperature was increased above the eutectic, sodium chloride solution (brine) formed around the particle and spread across the air-ice interface. …

Characterization Of The Adenosine A1 Receptor In Summer And Winter Arctic Ground Squirrels, Zachary A. Carlson

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Hibernation is an adaptation that allows the Arctic ground squirrel (Urocitellus parryii) to survive the harsh arctic winter. Recently the activation of the Adenosine A1 receptor (A₁AR) has been shown to be necessary for entrance into hibernation during the winter but not summer season. In the current study we characterize the A₁AR in the forebrain, hippocampus and hypothalamus of summer and winter AGS. We also tested the hypothesis that increased A₁AR agonist efficacy is responsible for increased sensitization of the A₁AR during the winter season. The resulting ³⁵S-GTPγS binding data indicated an increase in agonist potency during the winter season …

Examining The Advocacy Coalition Framework For Insight Into Shale Gas Development In Us And Uk Political Systems, Kathryn Wolfley

Economics

The project considers the Advocacy Coalition Framework from the discipline of policymaking which is used to examine contentious and politically complex policy issues, particularly in energy and environmental development and planning. Shale gas development in the United States has been noted for its dramatic economic and political effects, leading some countries to pursue development of their own shale resources. The United Kingdom's tentative steps into the industry have engendered efforts to understand American experiences and conceptualize how their own country may or may not accommodate such development. The project attempts to highlight the current or potential issues or benefits entering …

Preserving Information From The Beginning To The End Of Time In A Robertson-Walker Spacetime, Stefano Mancini, Roberto Pierini, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

Preserving information stored in a physical system subjected to noise can be modeled in a communication-theoretic paradigm, in which storage and retrieval correspond to an input encoding and output decoding, respectively. The encoding and decoding are then constructed in such a way as to protect against the action of a given noisy quantum channel. This paper considers the situation in which the noise is not due to technological imperfections, but rather to the physical laws governing the evolution of the Universe. In particular, we consider the dynamics of quantum systems under a 1 + 1 Robertson-Walker spacetime and find that …

Communication Program Earns National Awards, University Of Dayton

News Releases

National Communication Association recognizes Basic Course Program and professor as tops in country.

Honda Country: Relocalization Through Technology In Nanwalek Alaska, David Dehass

Indigenous Studies

It should not be assumed that the introduction of a new technology automatically wipes out past cultural practices. Instead, it is often the case that these offerings are integrated into a current routine. For the Sugpiat of Nanwalek, Alaska, there is a constant need to negotiate between what to change and what to preserve. My research explores how a cultural group judges a new technology based upon shared boundaries and understandings. I examine how the decision to accept all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) has allowed for increased participation in subsistence practices, effective resource management, and material and emotional reunification with those things …

The Rhetorical Goddess: A Feminist Perspective On Women In Magic, Laura C. Bruns, Joseph Zompetti

Faculty Publications - Communications

Although female magicians have existed since the rise of entertainment magic, women have faced difficulty in entering the “fraternity” of the magic community. As an art form largely based around persuasion, it is useful to study the performance of magic as a text. It is additionally useful to study female magicians within this context of rhetoric. Not only will examining the rhetoric of female magicians provide insights on the rhetoric of women in this unique arena, but also of women in a historically gendered and underrepresented field. Research into this area may disclose other details regarding the communicative differences between …

Teaching Interdisciplinary Sustainability Science Teamwork Skills To Graduate Students Using In-Person And Web-Based Interactions, Jessie Knowlton, Kathleen E. Halvorsen, Robert Handler, Michael O'Rourke

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Interdisciplinary sustainability science teamwork skills are essential for addressing the world’s most pressing and complex sustainability problems, which inherently have social, natural, and engineering science dimensions. Further, because sustainability science problems exist at global scales, interdisciplinary science teams will need to consist of international members who communicate and work together effectively. Students trained in international interdisciplinary science skills will be able to hit the ground running when they obtain jobs requiring them to tackle sustainability problems. While many universities now have sustainability science programs, few offer courses that are interdisciplinary and international in scope. In the fall semester of 2013, …

Effect Of Temperature On The Phenology Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation And Visualization Of The Potential Future Distribution Of C. Partellus In Africa Under Warmer Temperatures Through The Development Of Life-Table Parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, B. Le Ru

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple food in Africa. However, maize production is severely reduced by damage caused by feeding lepidopteran pests. In East and Southern Africa, Chilo partellus is one of the most damaging cereal stem borers mainly found in the warmer lowland areas. In this study, it was hypothesized that the future distribution and abundance of C. partellus may be affected greatly by the current global warming. The temperature-dependent population growth potential of C. partellus was studied on artificial diet under laboratory conditions at six constant temperatures (15, 18, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35 °C), …

Alaska Justice Forum ; Vol. 31, No. 3-4 (Fall 2014/Winter 2015), Ryan Fortson, Jacob A. Carbaugh, Jeff D. May, Mara Kimmel

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

The Fall 2014/Winter 2015 issue of the Alaska Justice Forum is devoted primarily to issues related to tribal courts in Alaska, including how they function, measures of their effectiveness, restorative justice, and past and future issues regarding tribal court jurisdiction.

Effect Of Filling Methods On The Forecasting Of Time Series With Missing Values, Mingyuan Cheng

Mathematics and Statistics

The Gulf of Alaska Mooring (GAK1) monitoring data set is an irregular time series of temperature and salinity at various depths in the Gulf of Alaska. One approach to analyzing data from an irregular time series is to regularize the series by imputing or filling in missing values. In this project we investigated and compared four methods (denoted as APPROX, SPLINE, LOCF and OMIT) of doing this. Simulation was used to evaluate the performance of each filling method on parameter estimation and forecasting precision for an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. Simulations showed differences among the four methods in …

A Review Of Selected Works By J.S. Bach, Franz Schubert, And Alberto E. Ginastera, Ani Gyulamiryan

Music

No abstract provided.

Ms 186 Guide To The Nursing Informatics Project Papers ( 1962-2012), American Medical Informatics Association Nursing Informatics History Project

Manuscript Finding Aids

Nursing Informatics Project papers contains books, pamphlets, brochures, and manuals detailing nursing informatics from 1962-2012 totaling 267 items. One linear foot of vertical files containing articles, SCAME 1981 NIH Conference notes, and documents about the history of early software for nursing education. Materials collected, preserved, and create as part of the American Medical Informatics Association Nursing Informatics History Project. See more at MS 186.

Penny For Your Thoughts? The Protective Effect Of Youths’ Attitudes Against Drug Use In High-Risk Communities, Emily M. Wright, Abigail A. Fagan, Gillian M. Pichevsky

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Individual-level attitudes about drugs are strong predictors of substance use among adolescents, and aggregate-level community norms regarding deviancy and drug use may influence youth attitudes as well as their drug use. This study examined the direct effects of neighborhood norms about deviance, disadvantage, immigrant concentration, and residential stability on youths’ attitudes about drug harmfulness as well as their variety of past month substance use. The moderating effect of community norms on the relationship between youth attitudes and drug use was also examined. Results suggest that community norms favorable to deviance and drug use reduced youth’s attitudes that drugs were harmful. …

Variability In Foraging By Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaenangliae) On The Kodiak, Ak, Feeding Ground, Dana Louise Wright

Marine Biology

The North Pacific humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) population has been growing rapidly following a moratorium on commercial whaling in 1986. Knowledge of humpback whale foraging on feeding grounds is becoming increasingly important as the growing population consumes more prey, including economically important commercial fishes. The goal of this thesis is to better understand how marine resources are shared among the growing humpback whale population and sympatric apex predators, including western Steller sea lions (SSLs; Eumetopias jubatus), on the Kodiak, AK, feeding ground. To address this, we explored spatial and temporal (inter-annual and within-feeding season) variability in summer foraging by humpback …

Space Plants On Way Back To Earth, Edwin Smith

University of Mississippi News

Following six months aboard the International Space Station, UM researcher's experiment germinates