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The Effect Of Neurostimulation On Blood Flow And Ischemic Pain, Stacey M. Fishman

Biomedical Engineering

Chronic pain caused by lack of blood flow is known as ischemic pain. Neurostimulation, the application of electrical currents through a region of the body, is effective for pain modulation, and it is hypothesized that this can be explained by the gate control theory and alterations of the sympathetic output initiated by the metaboreflex. The decrease of sympathetic output reduces vasoconstriction and improves blood flow. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and interferential currents (IFC) stimulation, both non-invasive neurostimulation techniques, were evaluated for their effects on cutaneous blood flow on the palm. High or low frequency TENS and/or IFC, and the …

The Social Model's Case For Inclusion: "Motivating Factor" And "But For" Standards Of Proof Under The Americans With Disabilities Act And The Impact Of The Social Model Of Disability On Employees With Disabilities, Lisa Schlesinger

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Exosomal Survivin-T34a: A Novel, Potential Cancer Therapeutic, Jonathan Richard Aspe

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer fatality in American men and women with a less than 5% survival rate. Currently, if diagnosed early, surgical resection remains the only viable cure. However, only 20% of pancreatic cancer patients meet these criteria. It is therefore necessary to discover new therapies or therapeutic combinations in order to impact significantly this deadly disease. The anti-metabolite agent Gemcitabine is currently being employed to treat pancreatic cancer. While Gem-citabine has shown significant benefit in clinical applications, its ability to more than modestly impact pancreatic cancer is limited. It has been speculated that …

Postpartum Working Mothers: The Maternal Employee-Employer Relationship And U.S. Leave Policy, Veronica E. Hay

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

PURPOSE: Few studies have examined the relationship between working mothers and employers and the contributions of this relationship on mothers. Therefore, this dissertation explored postpartum mother’s relationship with their employers. METHODOLOGY: To gain an understanding of the experiences of working mothers, a grounded theory analysis was utilized. In-depth interviews with 31 working mothers and a transformational leadership framework assisted in understanding social change in the workplace.

FINDINGS: Positive supervisor support and a focus on motherhood facilitated return to work in contrast with lack of control over work schedule. While supportive supervisors were crucial elements for working mothers as they returned …

Venom Yield, Regeneration, And Composition In The Centipede Scolopendra Polymorpha, Allen Michael Cooper

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this dissertation, I investigated yield, regeneration, and composition of centipede venom. In the first of three empirical studies, I investigated how size influenced venom volume yield and protein concentration in Scolopendra polymorpha and S. subspinipes. I also examined additional potential influences on yield in S. polymorpha, including relative forcipule size, relative mass, geographic origin, sex, time in captivity, and milking history. Volume yield was positively linearly related to body length in both species; however, body length and protein concentration were uncorrelated. In S. polymorpha, yield was most influenced by body length, but was also positively associated …

Illness As A Relational Process: Qualitative Analysis Of Couple Therapy With Liver Patients, Elizabeth Ashley Patrick

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The medical model traditionally emphasizes individual biological disease and is often unable to attend to the many ways illness impacts families and couples. Due to the focus on the biological process of disease, couples often struggle with the relational experience of illness. Quantitative research has provided ample evidence that couples coping with chronic illness from a relational orientation experience more positive outcomes than couples that cope individually. In this study, 25 therapy videos were analyzed with particular attention to how couples with liver disease work in therapy to shift to a relational illness orientation. Analyzed through a feminist lens, the …

Are Obese Women Potential For Inflammatory Process? A Pilot Study, Amna N. Jassim, Sanan Th. Abd-Alwahab

Baghdad Science Journal

This study was designed to look for certain biochemical markers(serum uric acid and serum peroxynitrite) in women presented with obesity and to compare the level of these markers with non-obese women. A total number of 63 women were recruited from outpatients and private clinics to admit in this study. The patients were grouped into non obese women (Group I) and obese women (Group II). The anthropometric and blood pressure were determined and venous blood was obtained from each patient for determination of C-reactive protein, uric acid and peroxynitrite. The results showed that there were no significant differences in age or …

The Effect Of Nitrofurantoin On Liver On Albino Mice, Muna H. Abdul Razzaq, Mukhtar Kh. Haba

Baghdad Science Journal

the current study Included, evaluation the impact of Nitrofurantoin drug on liver in albino mice, 128 male albino mice have been used . Animals treared with (150,200 Mg/Kg) for 8 weeks . NFI caused histological changes in liver represented by , swelling of hepatocytes, disappearance of radial arrangement , vaculation of liver cells , increasing of kupffer cells and appearance of giant cells. NFT caused Congestion of blood vessels and infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver in all used concentrations.

Survival Estimation For Singly Type One Censored Sample Based On Generalized Rayleigh Distribution, Iden H. Alkanani, Hind J. Kadhum

Baghdad Science Journal

This paper interest to estimation the unknown parameters for generalized Rayleigh distribution model based on censored samples of singly type one . In this paper the probability density function for generalized Rayleigh is defined with its properties . The maximum likelihood estimator method is used to derive the point estimation for all unknown parameters based on iterative method , as Newton – Raphson method , then derive confidence interval estimation which based on Fisher information matrix . Finally , testing whether the current model ( GRD ) fits to a set of real data , then compute the survival function …

Biodiversity Index Value Of Benthic Invertebrates' Community In Relation With Variation Of Some Environmental Properties In Rivers Tigris And Diyala Within Baghdad City., Dahlia M. Ali Hassan Al-Kinani, Emaduldeen A. Al-Mukhtar

Baghdad Science Journal

This study was carried out to determine the effects of some environmental variables on biodiversity index value of benthic invertebrates' community in samples that collected monthly from two adjacent sites nearby the confluence of Tigris and Diyala rivers within Baghdad city that’s from November 2007 - October 2008. Results showed differences in chemical and physical characteristics for each river. Where the annual averages of these characteristics in Rivers Tigris and Diyala respectively for: water temperature (20, 19) Cº, pH (8, 8), Dissolved oxygen DO(8,4 ) mg/l , EC(1152,2979)µc/cm , Turbidity (28,74) NTU, Total Hardness of CaCO3 (485,823)mg/l, and finally NO3 …

Determination Of Total Phenol, Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Avena Sativa And Ocimum Basilicum, Farah D. Salim, Sundus H. Ahmed, Anaam M. Abd, Shatha Z. Skben, Nuha Az. Ramadhan

Baghdad Science Journal

The present study investigated the total content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of water extracts oat (Avena sativa) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), medicinal plants. The Folin-ciocalteu reagent assay was used to estimate the total phenolic content of plants extract. The antioxidant capacity of the plants extract was tested by ferric reducing/antioxidant power Assay (FRAP) and ferric reducing scavenging activity using DPPH method, and the antimicrobial activity was measured against [Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus; Proteus spp.; Klebsiella spp.; Escherichia coli; Candida albicans] as tester strains. The total phenolic content of Avena sativa and Ocimum basilicum extracts revealed that the …

Effect Of The Fungus Metarhizumanisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin And Actelic Insecticide In The Protection Of Bean Seeds Packaged In Bag From Infection By Cowpea Beetle, Marwah Th. Abd-Alsatar Al-Niaeem, Imad A Mahmood, Hussam Adin A. Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

this study was perform to defined the effect of fungus Metarhiziumanisopliae Sorokin with concentrations 5x101, 5x103 and 5x105 spore/ ml and Actelic insecticide with concentration 0.001% in in rate of germinate treated string bean seeds also study effect of packed bags in two different type: jute and polypropylene bags which treated with fungal suspension pervious mention and insecticide in rate infested the string bean seeds packed in it.Results of the study showed the following: Lower rate of weight loss of cowpea seeds appear in poly propylene bags 4.41, 5.95% after six months of treatment with 5x 105 spore/ ml and …

Distribution Of Some Heavy Metals In Tigris River Middle Of Iraq, Abdul-Hameed M. J. Al-Obaidy, Zahraa Zahraw Al-Janabi, Abdul-Rahman Al-Kubaisi

Baghdad Science Journal

This study was conducted from February 2010 to December 2010. Water Samples were collected every two months in three stations in Baghdad city. The study involved the assessment of concentrations of some heavy metals such as: Chromium, Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Nickel and Zinc. the values of chromium were undetected for the entire of the study, while the rest of the heavy metal were ranged between 0.001 -0.438 mg / l, ND -0.077 mg / L, ND -0.778 mg / l, 0.36 - 0.011 mg / l, 0.011-0 .08mg/ l, ND - 0.1985 mg / l, ND -0.0416 mg …

Efficacy Of Bacillus Thuringiensis (Berliner) Isolates On Fig Moth, Ephestia Cautella (Walker) Larvae, Hutham S. Balasim, Ayad A. Al-Taweel, Basim S. Hamad, Maha I. Jassim

Baghdad Science Journal

The followingdilution 5×10-1, 10-1,10־2, 10-3gm/L for the indigenous isolateofBacillusthuringiensisbacteria and the commercially isalate were used for experiments against the different stagesof fig moth of E.cautellawhich exposed by filter papermethod.The results showed thatmortality of larval stageswas increased with the increasing concentrationof the biocide,in addition to increasein the mortality of the larval stages reached to thehighestpercentagein the third days of treatment of the larvalstage in comparison with the first and second days of exposure. The results also showed that thesensitivity of larval stages wasincreasedin first and second instars while reducedin the last instars .The high percentage of first instar mortality for the …

A Study Of The Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of The Waters Of The Central Marshes In Southern Iraq After Restoration, Jameelah W. Ogaili, Abdul Rahman A. Al-Kubaisi

Baghdad Science Journal

some ecological (physical and chemical varible) of water samples were studies monthly from December 2008 to May 2009 at two stations( St.1) Al - Chibayesh marsh and (St.2) Abu – Zirik marsh which are located in the south of Iraq . These variables included : Temperature, pH, EC, Dissolved oxygen , Total alkalinity, Nitrate, Sulphate, and phosphate, Si-SiO2 and Ca ,Mg, Cl, The marsh Considered as fresh water and alkaline. Abu-Zirik less than Al-Chibayesh.

Effect Of Magnetized Water Treatment On Some Biological Aspects For Fresh Water Snail Lymnaea Lagotis (Schrank,1803), Qater Al-Nada A Al-Ibady, Emaduldeen A Almukhtar, Khalid Abbas Rasheed

Baghdad Science Journal

Exposure assays to magnetized water have so far revealed striking results. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of magnetized water treatment with in different intensities 500 , 1000 and 1500 Gauss on some biological aspects for species of freshwater Gastropod Lymnaea lagotis (Schrank, 1803) which important species in faun of aquatic habitats of Iraq. This species are considered a component of the food chain. The obtained results compared with these species which lived in the river(control). Result of these experiments showed increased significance the shell size (shell high, shell aperture length, shell aperture width and shell width) …

New Records Of Naidid Worms (Oligochaeta: Naididae) In Euphrates River, Haifa J. Jaweir, Elham O.S. Al-Janabi

Baghdad Science Journal

Naidid worms were sorted from 27 samples of aquatic macrophyta including ceratophyllum demersum , Potamogeton crispus and, Hydrilla verticellat with associated filamentous algae were collected from Euphrates River at Al-Mussayab city, 60 Km southwest Baghdad. The result of sorted worms revealed the presence of eight species of subfamily Naidinae, which are consider as new records for Iraq, including Stephensoniana trivandrana; Paranais frici, Ophidonais serpentine, Specaria josinae, Dero (Dero) evelinae , Dero (Aulophorus) indicus , Nais pseudobtusa and finally N. stolci. This investigation includes morphological descriptions for each species illustrated by identification criteria photos.

Using The Molecular Methods In Detection Of Antibiotics Resistance Genes In Bacteria Of Typhoi (Salmonella Typhi), Batool A. Shihab, Sahira Y. Rwayah, Ashna J. Faik

Baghdad Science Journal

This study was carried out for direct detection of typhi and some of its multidrug resistance genes(tem,capt,gyrA&sul2)which encode for resistance to (Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol,Ciprofioxacin,Co-trimoxazole)by using Polymerase Chain Reaction technique .(71)blood samples for people suffering from typhoid fever symptoms depending on the clinical examination and (25)for control were collected.The results investigation for flicgene which encode for flagellin protein indicated that only (19)with percentage of (26,76%)gave appositive results while all control had a negative ones.Investigation for antibiotic resistance drug in samples which show positive results for flicgeneshowed that there is a multidrug for all antibiotics with (94.73%) in patients

The Use Of Tea Leaves Wastes To Reduce Hexavalent Chromium Concentration In Industrial Waste Water By Adsorption, Ibtihal A. Abdulqader, Osama G. Ameen

Baghdad Science Journal

A research was conducted to study the process parameters affecting hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) (carcinogenic compound) the removal percentage from the electrical industries company waste water that contain 88 mg/l of Cr (VI) concentration by adsorption onto tea wastes. Synthetic water with 88 mg/l Cr (VI) concentration was used. Several operation parameters affecting Cr (VI) removal efficiency were investigated, such as pH, initial Cr (VI) concentration, stirring time and tea wastes dose. The experimental results reveal that maximum Cr (VI) removal reached up to 94.26% at pH of 2, stirring time of 180 minute, tea wastes dose of 8gm/100 ml …

Partial Purification And Characterization Of Xylanase From Bacillus Cereus X3, Miass E. Ahmed

Baghdad Science Journal

Three strain of Bacillus cereus were obtained from soil sours Laboratories of Biology Department/ College of Science/ University of Baghdad. The bacteria secreted extracellular xylanase in liquid cultur the test ability of xylanase production from these isolates was studied semi quantitative and quantitative screening appeared that Bacillus cereus X3 was the highest xylanase producer. The enzyme was partial purification 191 fold from cultur by reached step by 4 U/mg proteins by ammonium sulfat precipitation 80%, Ion exchang DEAE-cellulos chromatography Characterization study of the partial purifation enzyme revealed that the enzyme had a optimum activity pH8 and activity was stable in …

Effect Of Some Herbs On The Level Of Some Biochemical Parameters In Blood Of Diabetic Patients Type Ii, Nahida Saieed Al-Chalabi, Rasha Hussien Al-Juboory

Baghdad Science Journal

This study included effect of polyherbs mixture treatment of diabetic patients type II for two months. The polyherbs mixture contains Nigella sativaseeds, Boswellia carterrigum, Citrus aurantifoliafruits, Elettaria cardamomum fruits. Also this study includedestimation of some biochemical parameters in the serum Diabetes Mellitus (D.M.) patients-type II and knowing the relationship of these parameters with this disease. The parameters are glucose, cholesterol ,High density , Low density lipoproteins( HDL-C, LDL-C) respectively , Triglycerides TG, urea, total protein , albumin , Alkaline phosphatase ALP,Transaminase GOT, GPT enzymes . Take (77) samples of diabetic patients serum type IIwhich included (47) samples for group one: …

Determination Oxidant - Antioxidant Enzyme And Some Trace Elements In Breast Cancer In Baghdad City, Ammar M. Hmood, Iqbal F. Alwan, Nuha A Alzahera, Radd Abaas, Garalla Mohsen, Talb Mohmed, Hadel Mehdy

Baghdad Science Journal

level of effectiveness of Glutathione - S - Transferees (GST), Glutathione peroxides (GPX),Malondialdehyde (MDA) the product of lipid peroxidation and some trace elements ( zinc,seleinum,iron ,copper ) had been measured in sera of (50) women with breast disease.which had been divided to : Control group (25),The first group (A) benign breast tumors (25),the second group (B) breast cancer (25). The results showed a clear moral high level of Glutathione - S - Transferees (GST), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) , and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in breast cancer group while a slight increase were observed in the levels of these enzymes and(MDA) in …

Preparation, Characterization & Biological Activity For Some Iron(Ii) Complexes Containing Mixed Ligands (Benzilazine & Semicarbazone) & Study Of Laser Effect On Them, Zuhoor Fathi Dawood, Mayson Abed Al-Razak Shaheen

Baghdad Science Journal

The research included preparation of new iron(II) complexes with mixed ligands including benzilazine(BA) and semicarbazone ligands {benzilsemicarbazone- BSCH or benzilbis(semicarba-zone)- BBSCH2 or salicylaldehydesemicarbazone- SSCH2 or benzoinsemicarbazone- B'SCH2}.by classical and microwave methods. The resulted complexes have been characterized using chemical and physical methods. The study suggested that the above ligands form ionic complexes having formulae [Fe(SCHi)(BA)(Cl)m](Cl)2-m {where SCH, BSCH, BBSCH2, SSCH¬2 or B'SCH2 ligands; m=1 or 2}. Hexacoordinated mononuclear complexes have been investigated by this study and having octahedral geometries. The effect of laser ray type visible region have been studied on solid ligands and complexes for 1-3 hours, all the …

Synthesis, Characterization And Study Biologicalactivity Of Several 1-Cyclopentene-1,2-Dicarboxylimidyl Containing Oxadiazole And Benzothiazole, Shetha. N. Alzubaidy, Mustafa A. Yasin, Omar A. Lateef, Hind F. Thamer

Baghdad Science Journal

In this work involved prepared of several new 1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimide linked to oxadiazole and benzothiazole moiety were synthesized by two steps: The first step 2-amino-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and substituted-2-aminobenzothiazole were reaction with 1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl anhydride producing N-( 5- substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl amic acids and N-(Substitutedbenzothiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl amic acids which in turn were dehydrated in the second step via fusion method to afford he desirable N-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimides and N-(Substituted benzothiazole-2-yl)1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimides respectively. Structures of the prepared compounds were characterized by depending on FTIR, U.V spectral data which were in agreement with the proposed ones. Finally antibacterial activity of some of the prepared new cyclic imides were studied by two types …

Synthesis, Characterization And Antimicrobial Screening Of New Schiff Bases Linked To Phthalimidyl Phenyl Sulfonate Moiety, Ahlam M. Al-Azzawi, Marwa S. Abd Al-Razzak

Baghdad Science Journal

A series of Schiff bases linked to phthalimidyl phenyl sulfonate moiety have been synthesized via multistep synthesis. The first step involved reaction of phthalic anhydride with aniline producing N-phenyl phthalamic acid which was subsequently dehydrated to the corresponding N-phenyl phthalimide via treatment with acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate. The synthesized imide was treated with chlorosulfonic acid in the third step producing 4-(N-phthalimidyl) phenyl sulfonyl chloride which was introduced in reaction with 4-hydroxy acetophenone in the fourth step producing 4-[4-(N-phthalimidyl) phenyl sulfonate] acetophenone and this in turn was introduced successfully in condensation reaction with various aromatic primary amines affording the …

Recovery Of Pure Hesperidin From Iraqi Sweet Oranges Peel And Study The Effect In Some Bacteria, Eman H Abass, Sondos K. Zair, Thamera K. Mohammud, Saga A. Nagem

Baghdad Science Journal

Citrus fruit contain variety of flavonoids such as Hesperidin (the principal flavonoid in oranges and grapefruit). Hesperidin is found in high concentration in fruit peel of oranges and in substantially lower concentration in juice of these fruits. Hesperidin was extracted from oranges peel by treating the peels with calcium hydroxide. HPLC technique was used to determine hesperidin. Hesperidin was saperated and purified in a purity of about 90.1-95.7% and yield about 1.5 %w/w from oranges peel dry powder. Both hesperidin and oranges peel extract showed significan antibacterial activity. Sensitivity to hesperidin and oranges peel extracts were not similar for the …

Synthesis And Characterization Of New Oxazine , Thiazine And Pyrazol Derived From Chalcones, Zainab Amer Sallal

Baghdad Science Journal

In this study, chalcones were synthesis by condensing 2-acetylpyridine with aromatic aldehyde derivatives in dilute ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution at room temperature according to Claisen-Schmidt condensation. After that, new heterocyclic derivatives such as Oxazine, Thiazine and Pyrazol were synthesis by reaction between chalcones with urea, thiourea and hydrazine hydrate respectively scheme 1. All these compounds wrer characterization by FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

Liquid Crystalline Dendrimer: Sythesis And Chracterization, Nasreen R. Jber, Sara A. Salman

Baghdad Science Journal

A new family of nematic liquid crystal dendrimers derived from 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid were synthesized. The synthesis of the dendrimers compounds shows the influence of the dendritic core on the mesomorphic properties. The liquid crystalline properties were studied by polarizing optical microscopy (POM) equipped with a hot stage, the structures of the synthesized compounds characterized using FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy.

Classification Of Fetal Abnormalities Based On Ctg Signal, Safa'a S. Mahdi, Israa R. Swadi

Baghdad Science Journal

The fetal heart rate (FHR) signal processing based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN),Fuzzy Logic (FL) and frequency domain Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) were analysis in order to perform automatic analysis using personal computers. Cardiotocography (CTG) is a primary biophysical method of fetal monitoring. The assessment of the printed CTG traces was based on the visual analysis of patterns that describing the variability of fetal heart rate signal. Fetal heart rate data of pregnant women with pregnancy between 38 and 40 weeks of gestation were studied. The first stage in the system was to convert the cardiotocograghy (CTG) tracing in to digital …

A Study For Bacterial Infection In Acute Diarrhea Patients, Rana A. Hassan, Talib A. Hussein

Baghdad Science Journal

500 samples of diarrhea stool were collected from different ages(less than 1year –upto30years) and for both genders from some patients in (Alwiya hospital for children, Al-kendi, central health public laboratory and some gavernarated labs) period(1/11/2009—1/10/2010). Kinds of bacteria and parasites agents were isolated and identified from patients with diarrhea. Nine species of gram negative bacteria from enterobacteriaceae were isolated, E. coli isolated are the higher ratio 4.8% of all, then Salmonella typhi4.6% while the lowest ratios is Citrobacterfreundii 0.4%, while the other identified species were be among the previous rotios. also Plesomonasshigelloides was isolated which concedride one of the bacterial …