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2014

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Mechanisms Of Condition-Specific Regulation Of Mrna Stability By Puf Proteins: From Yeast To Humans, Joseph Russo Dec 2014

Mechanisms Of Condition-Specific Regulation Of Mrna Stability By Puf Proteins: From Yeast To Humans, Joseph Russo

Dissertations

RNA binding proteins regulate mRNA decay and translation, two key steps in the control of gene expression in cells. Controlling mRNA metabolism allows cells to respond rapidly to altering conditions by utilizing already available mRNA, bypassing the wait for newly transcribed mRNA. The Puf family of RNA binding proteins bind specific mRNAs through interactions with sequences located in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR). Puf proteins are conserved throughout eukaryotes and have diverse roles including stem cell maintenance, neuronal development, stress response and organelle biogenesis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Puf proteins are conditionally regulated in response to the cells metabolic. Specifically, in …

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New Approaches To Corn Silage Use In Beef Cattle Finishing Diets, Dirk B. Burken Dec 2014

New Approaches To Corn Silage Use In Beef Cattle Finishing Diets, Dirk B. Burken

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cattle feeders are considering alternative feedstuffs to replace expensive corn grain and decrease rations costs. Feeding corn silage allows cattle feeders to take advantage of the entire corn plant at a time of maximum quality and tonnage as well as secure substantial quantities of roughage and grain inventory. Distiller’s grains have proven to be economical and are now a commonplace ingredient in feedlot finishing diets. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding increased concentrations of corn silage in replacement of corn grain in finishing diets containing distillers grains. Feedlot gains and gain:feed ratios were reduced as corn silage …

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Khaled Wins Fulbright-Nehru Award To Combat Diabetes In India, Staff Dec 2014

Khaled Wins Fulbright-Nehru Award To Combat Diabetes In India, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

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Volume 52, Number 18: December 17, 2014, University Of North Dakota Dec 2014

Volume 52, Number 18: December 17, 2014, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Temperature On The Phenology Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation And Visualization Of The Potential Future Distribution Of C. Partellus In Africa Under Warmer Temperatures Through The Development Of Life-Table Parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, B. Le Ru Dec 2014

Effect Of Temperature On The Phenology Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation And Visualization Of The Potential Future Distribution Of C. Partellus In Africa Under Warmer Temperatures Through The Development Of Life-Table Parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, B. Le Ru

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple food in Africa. However, maize production is severely reduced by damage caused by feeding lepidopteran pests. In East and Southern Africa, Chilo partellus is one of the most damaging cereal stem borers mainly found in the warmer lowland areas. In this study, it was hypothesized that the future distribution and abundance of C. partellus may be affected greatly by the current global warming. The temperature-dependent population growth potential of C. partellus was studied on artificial diet under laboratory conditions at six constant temperatures (15, 18, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35 °C), …

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Parasites And Skeletal Indicators Of Anemia In The Eastern United States, Erin Dinneen Dec 2014

Parasites And Skeletal Indicators Of Anemia In The Eastern United States, Erin Dinneen

Anthropology

The goal of this research is to examine the influence of parasitic infection and diet in the etiology of anemia in prehistoric human populations of the eastern United States. Prehistorically, anemia is often attributed to a nutrient-deficient diet, while parasite infection is discussed as a secondary cause if at all. However, parasite infection is a leading cause of anemia in the developing world today. Modern epidemiological studies have demonstrated that parasites thrive or perish under particular environmental conditions, and risk for parasite infection can be predicted based on environment using GIS. Here I apply this method to see whether environmental …

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Growth And Maturity Of The Pacific Razor Clam In Eastern Cook Inlet, Alaska, Jamie M. Mckellar Dec 2014

Growth And Maturity Of The Pacific Razor Clam In Eastern Cook Inlet, Alaska, Jamie M. Mckellar

Fisheries

In Alaska, the only road-accessible fishery for the Pacific razor clam, Siliqua patula, is located in eastern Cook Inlet, and has been monitored by the Alaska Department of Fish & Game (ADF&G) since 1964. In recent years, a shift has been observed in size, age, and number of clam cohorts in this region, yet little is known about the early life history of razor clams in this region. This study aimed to provide information on length and age at maturity, growth rates, and spawn timing at two beaches in eastern Cook Inlet, Ninilchik and Clam Gulch, in 2009 and 2010. …

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Feeding Ecology And Movement Patterns Of Juvenile Sablefish In Coastal Southeast Alaska, Karson Marie Coutré Dec 2014

Feeding Ecology And Movement Patterns Of Juvenile Sablefish In Coastal Southeast Alaska, Karson Marie Coutré

Fisheries

Sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, is a commercially valuable groundfish species undergoing population declines in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea. This study assessed the role of juvenile sablefish as consumers in coastal Southeast Alaska (St. John Baptist Bay, Baranof Island, Alaska; SJBB) to better understand their use of habitat and food resources during their early life history. Specifically, the diet of juvenile sablefish was described for multiple seasons (summer and fall) and years (2012 and 2013) from analysis of stomach contents recovered using gastric lavage. Sablefish ate a wide variety of prey taxa, and the most important prey groups were …

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Patterns In Size, Growth, And Condition Of Juvenile Chum And Pink Salmon In The Northeastern Bering Sea, Melissa Prechtl Dec 2014

Patterns In Size, Growth, And Condition Of Juvenile Chum And Pink Salmon In The Northeastern Bering Sea, Melissa Prechtl

Fisheries

The Bering Sea has alternated between warm and cool spring thermal regimes, as defined by May sea surface temperature, and in recent years has remained in a "cool" state. Differences in spring thermal regime influence the timing of sea ice extent in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS) region, with warm springs facilitating early ice retreats and cool springs resulting in later ice retreat. A recent conceptual model for relating production to higher trophic levels in the SEBS proposes that during years of early sea ice retreat, phytoplankton blooms occur in warm water and support small, lipid-poor species of zooplankton. Conversely, …

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The Effects Of Barotrauma And Deepwater-Release Mechanisms On The Reproductive Viability Of Yelloweye Rockfish In Prince William Sound, Alaska, Brittany Blain Dec 2014

The Effects Of Barotrauma And Deepwater-Release Mechanisms On The Reproductive Viability Of Yelloweye Rockfish In Prince William Sound, Alaska, Brittany Blain

Fisheries

Previous research has shown that releasing sport-caught Yelloweye Rockfish Sebastes ruberrimus with a deepwater-release mechanism (DRM) can alleviate anatomical damage due to barotrauma. However, it is unknown if a Yelloweye Rockfish remains a viable member of the population and reproduces in subsequent years following a barotrauma event and recompression with a DRM. The objectives of my study were to: 1) determine if Yelloweye Rockfish were able to reproduce one to two years following known forced decompression and recompression event(s); and 2) evaluate if barotrauma and recompression affected the quality of developing embryos. In 2010, Yelloweye Rockfish were sampled from an …

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Variability In Foraging By Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaenangliae) On The Kodiak, Ak, Feeding Ground, Dana Louise Wright Dec 2014

Variability In Foraging By Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaenangliae) On The Kodiak, Ak, Feeding Ground, Dana Louise Wright

Marine Biology

The North Pacific humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) population has been growing rapidly following a moratorium on commercial whaling in 1986. Knowledge of humpback whale foraging on feeding grounds is becoming increasingly important as the growing population consumes more prey, including economically important commercial fishes. The goal of this thesis is to better understand how marine resources are shared among the growing humpback whale population and sympatric apex predators, including western Steller sea lions (SSLs; Eumetopias jubatus), on the Kodiak, AK, feeding ground. To address this, we explored spatial and temporal (inter-annual and within-feeding season) variability in summer foraging by humpback …

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Alaska Native Perceptions Of Food, Health, And Community Well-Being: Challenging Nutritional Colonialism, Melanie Lindholm Dec 2014

Alaska Native Perceptions Of Food, Health, And Community Well-Being: Challenging Nutritional Colonialism, Melanie Lindholm

Arctic and Northern Studies

Alaska Native populations have undergone relatively rapid changes in nearly every aspect of life over the past half century. Overall lifestyles have shifted from subsistence-based to wage-based, from traditional to Western, and from self-sustainability to reliance on Outside sources. My research investigates the effects of these changes on health and well-being. The literature appears to lack concern for and documentation of Native peoples' perceptions of the changes in food systems and effects on their communities. Additionally, there is a lack of studies specific to Alaska Native individual perceptions of health and well-being. Therefore, my research aims to help identify social …

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Trophic Dynamics In A Changing Arctic: Interactions Between Ptarmigan And Willows In Northern Alaska, Katie Christie Dec 2014

Trophic Dynamics In A Changing Arctic: Interactions Between Ptarmigan And Willows In Northern Alaska, Katie Christie

Biological Sciences

Shrubs have been expanding in the Arctic over the past century, with important consequences for ecosystem functioning, plant community composition, and wildlife habitat. Herbivores have the capacity to strongly moderate the growth and biomass of shrubs, and therefore need to be considered when attempting to understand and project future changes to Arctic ecosystems. Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus, L. muta) are common and widespread in many tundra regions, and feed on shrubs throughout their life cycle. Ptarmigan are likely to be an important herbivore in northern Alaska where shrub expansion is rapidly occurring; however, little is known about their spatial and temporal …

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Monitoring Energy And Nitrogen Availability For Arctic Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus), Lindsay L. Vansomeren Dec 2014

Monitoring Energy And Nitrogen Availability For Arctic Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus), Lindsay L. Vansomeren

Biological Sciences

Arctic caribou and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are an economically and ecologically important species. Rangifer populations are often affected by nutritional factors. Our ability to monitor nutrient supply to arctic ungulates is presently limited by a lack of techniques to consistently and easily measure availability of specific nutrients and which may disproportionately affect different segments of Rangifer populations. I refined and validated a method to measure availability of specific nutrients including nitrogen (N) and energy to caribou using purified fibrolytic enzymes and acid/pepsin to simulate digestion. I then used this method to measure how availability of nitrogen and energy was altered …

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Rubber-Stamped Regulation: The Inadequate Oversight Of Genetically Engineered Plants And Animals In The United States, Genna Reed Dec 2014

Rubber-Stamped Regulation: The Inadequate Oversight Of Genetically Engineered Plants And Animals In The United States, Genna Reed

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

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Driving Innovation: How Stronger Laws Pull Safer Chemicals Into The Market, Baskut Tuncak Dec 2014

Driving Innovation: How Stronger Laws Pull Safer Chemicals Into The Market, Baskut Tuncak

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

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Download Entire Issue- Jefferson Interprofessional Education And Care Newsletter, Fall, 2014, Volume 5, Issue 2 Dec 2014

Download Entire Issue- Jefferson Interprofessional Education And Care Newsletter, Fall, 2014, Volume 5, Issue 2

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

Download entire issue- Jefferson Interprofessional Education and Care Newsletter, Fall, 2014, Volume 5, Issue 2

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Successful Implementation Of The Abcdef Bundle In The Micu Through Interprofessional Collaboration And Teamwork, Julie Rogan, Rn, Msn, Accns-Ag, Aocns, Ccrn, Steven W. Gudowski, Rrt, Cara Mcdaniel, Pharmd, Bcps Dec 2014

Successful Implementation Of The Abcdef Bundle In The Micu Through Interprofessional Collaboration And Teamwork, Julie Rogan, Rn, Msn, Accns-Ag, Aocns, Ccrn, Steven W. Gudowski, Rrt, Cara Mcdaniel, Pharmd, Bcps

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

Earlier this year, members of the medical intensive care unit (MICU) attended an interprofessional workshop that utilized Awakening/Breathing/Choice of Sedation/Delirium/Early Mobility (ABCDE) bundle simulation combined with TeamSTEPPS training to empower care givers to advocate for patient safety while optimizing patient care. The ABCDE bundle is an evidence-based tool designed to implement pain, agitation, and delirium guideline recommendations into routine practice. To further improve patient safety and outcomes and build upon the ABCDE concept, the MICU team developed an interprofession-al practice project by adding routine assessment of need for indwelling Foley catheters to their daily work list, creating the “ABCDEF” bundle.

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2014 December 16 - Medical Student Education Committee Meeting Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University Dec 2014

2014 December 16 - Medical Student Education Committee Meeting Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

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Annual Report: 2013, N/A N/A Dec 2014

Annual Report: 2013, N/A N/A

Annual Reports

I submit herewith the annual reports from the Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, for the period ending December 31, 2013. This is done in accordance with an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1887, entitled, “An act to establish agricultural experiment stations, in connection with the agricultural college established in the several states under the provisions of an act approved July 2, 1862, and under the acts supplementary thereto,” and also of the act of the Alaska Territorial Legislature, approved March 12, 1935, accepting the provisions of the act …

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Understanding Connections Between Rural Communities And Family Well-Being, Cynthia Fletcher Dec 2014

Understanding Connections Between Rural Communities And Family Well-Being, Cynthia Fletcher

Carsey Publications

In this report, author Cynthia Needles Fletcher explores the role of "place" in shaping rural residents'-and in particular low-income residents'-futures. The analysis draws from interviews with residents and community key informants in Hampton, Iowa in an original study in 1997 and again in 2012-13

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Characteristics And Comprehensiveness Of Adult Hiv Care And Treatment Programmes In Asia-Pacific, Sub-Saharan Africa And The Americas: Results Of A Site Assessment Conducted By The International Epidemiologic Databases To Evaluate Aids (Iedea) Collaboration, Stephany N. Duda, Amanda M. Farr, Mary Lou Lindegren, Meridith Blevins, C William Wester, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Didier K. Ekouevi, Matthias Egger, Jennifer Hemingway-Foday, David A. Cooper, Richard D. Moore, Catherine C. Mcgowan, Denis Nash Dec 2014

Characteristics And Comprehensiveness Of Adult Hiv Care And Treatment Programmes In Asia-Pacific, Sub-Saharan Africa And The Americas: Results Of A Site Assessment Conducted By The International Epidemiologic Databases To Evaluate Aids (Iedea) Collaboration, Stephany N. Duda, Amanda M. Farr, Mary Lou Lindegren, Meridith Blevins, C William Wester, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Didier K. Ekouevi, Matthias Egger, Jennifer Hemingway-Foday, David A. Cooper, Richard D. Moore, Catherine C. Mcgowan, Denis Nash

Publications and Research

Introduction HIV care and treatment programmes worldwide are transforming as they push to deliver universal access to essential prevention, care and treatment services to persons living with HIV and their communities. The characteristics and capacity of these HIV programmes affect patient outcomes and quality of care. Despite the importance of ensuring optimal outcomes, few studies have addressed the capacity of HIV programmes to deliver comprehensive care. We sought to describe such capacity in HIV programmes in seven regions worldwide. Methods Staff from 128 sites in 41 countries participating in the International epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS completed a site survey …

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Low Birth Weight Followed By Postnatal Over-Nutrition In The Guinea Pig Exposes A Predominant Player In The Development Of Vascular Dysfunction, Jennifer A. Thompson, Ousseynou Sarr, Karolina Piorkowska, Robert Gros, Timothy R.H. Regnault Dec 2014

Low Birth Weight Followed By Postnatal Over-Nutrition In The Guinea Pig Exposes A Predominant Player In The Development Of Vascular Dysfunction, Jennifer A. Thompson, Ousseynou Sarr, Karolina Piorkowska, Robert Gros, Timothy R.H. Regnault

Paediatrics Publications

The association between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and hypertension is well established, yet the interaction between IUGR and other pathogenic contributors remains ill-defined. This study examined the independent and interactive effects of fetal growth reduction resulting in low birth weight (LBW), and postnatal Western diet (WD) on vascular function. Growth reduction was induced in pregnant guinea pigs by uterine artery ablation. LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) offspring were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD) or a WD. In young adulthood, length-tension curves were generated in aortic rings and responses to methacholine (MCh) were evaluated in the carotid and …

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Low Birth Weight Followed By Postnatal Over-Nutrition In The Guinea Pig Exposes A Predominant Player In The Development Of Vascular Dysfunction., Jennifer A Thompson, Ousseynou Sarr, Karolina Piorkowska, Robert Gros, Timothy Regnault Dec 2014

Low Birth Weight Followed By Postnatal Over-Nutrition In The Guinea Pig Exposes A Predominant Player In The Development Of Vascular Dysfunction., Jennifer A Thompson, Ousseynou Sarr, Karolina Piorkowska, Robert Gros, Timothy Regnault

Paediatrics Publications

The association between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and hypertension is well established, yet the interaction between IUGR and other pathogenic contributors remains ill-defined. This study examined the independent and interactive effects of fetal growth reduction resulting in low birth weight (LBW), and postnatal Western diet (WD) on vascular function. Growth reduction was induced in pregnant guinea pigs by uterine artery ablation. LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) offspring were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD) or a WD. In young adulthood, length-tension curves were generated in aortic rings and responses to methacholine (MCh) were evaluated in the carotid and …

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Cd151-Α3Β1 Integrin Complexes Suppress Ovarian Tumor Growth By Repressing Slug-Mediated Emt And Canonical Wnt Signaling, Lauren A. Baldwin, John T. Hoff, Jason Lefringhouse, Michael Zhang, Changhe Jia, Zeyi Liu, Sonia Erfani, Hongyan Jin, Mei Xu, Qing-Bai She, John R. Van Nagell Jr., Chi Wang, Li Chen, Rina Plattner, David M. Kaetzel, Jia Luo, Michael Lu, Dava West, Chunming Liu, Fred R. Ueland, Ronny Drapkin, Binhua P. Zhou, Xiuwei H. Yang Dec 2014

Cd151-Α3Β1 Integrin Complexes Suppress Ovarian Tumor Growth By Repressing Slug-Mediated Emt And Canonical Wnt Signaling, Lauren A. Baldwin, John T. Hoff, Jason Lefringhouse, Michael Zhang, Changhe Jia, Zeyi Liu, Sonia Erfani, Hongyan Jin, Mei Xu, Qing-Bai She, John R. Van Nagell Jr., Chi Wang, Li Chen, Rina Plattner, David M. Kaetzel, Jia Luo, Michael Lu, Dava West, Chunming Liu, Fred R. Ueland, Ronny Drapkin, Binhua P. Zhou, Xiuwei H. Yang

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Human ovarian cancer is diagnosed in the late, metastatic stages but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report a surprising functional link between CD151-α3β1 integrin complexes and the malignancy of serous-type ovarian cancer. Analyses of clinical specimens indicate that CD151 expression is significantly reduced or diminished in 90% of metastatic lesions, while it remains detectable in 58% of primary tumors. These observations suggest a putative tumor-suppressing role of CD151 in ovarian cancer. Indeed, our analyses show that knocking down CD151 or α3 integrin enhances tumor cell proliferation, growth and ascites production in nude mice. These changes are accompanied by …

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Compositional Traits In Sorghum Bicolor Characterized By Transcriptome, Ionome And Genome-Wide Association Analysis, Nadia Shakoor Dec 2014

Compositional Traits In Sorghum Bicolor Characterized By Transcriptome, Ionome And Genome-Wide Association Analysis, Nadia Shakoor

Theses and Dissertations

To address the challenge of global mineral malnutrition, current biofortification research in crop plants aims to improve mineral concentration and micronutrient bioavailablity via genetic and traditional breeding methods. Many staple food crops are also used as biofuels, and the chemical and mineral composition of these energy crops directly affect biomass quality and subsequent energy output. Identification of genes and QTL that impact mineral and compositional traits in the grain and biomass of major cereals, including sorghum, is fundamental to developing breeding and selection methods aimed at increasing bioavailable minerals and improving biofuel suitability and seed nutritional quality. A combinatorial strategy …

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Examining The Influence Of Healthy Eating Identity On Shopping Behaviors, Jordan Brittingham Dec 2014

Examining The Influence Of Healthy Eating Identity On Shopping Behaviors, Jordan Brittingham

Theses and Dissertations

Eating identity is shown to be a promising measure capable of enhancing our understanding of nutrition behavior. Persons with healthy eating identities are less likely to consume the typical American diet and report healthier diets in general. While there are several studies linking healthy eating identity and diet, there is currently no research examining healthy eating identity in relation to food shopping behavior, an important aspect of nutritional intake. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of healthy eating identity on shopping behaviors including supermarket utilization, supercenter utilization, likelihood of shopping at the nearest store, distance to …

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Periodontal Microorganisms, Obesity, Chronic Inflammation, And Type 1 Diabetes, Georges Joseph Nahhas Dec 2014

Periodontal Microorganisms, Obesity, Chronic Inflammation, And Type 1 Diabetes, Georges Joseph Nahhas

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is a low-grade chronic inflammation in the tissues surrounding the teeth caused by multiple, mostly gram-negative pathogens. It is associated with diabetes, obesity, and chronic inflammation. The specific roles that periodontal microorganism play in these conditions are not well-studied. Hereby, we explored how periodontal bacteria from sub gingival plaque clustered in youth with and without type 1 diabetes, and how such patterns related to body-mass-index percentile (BMI percentile), C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin. Cross-sectional data were collected from 105 youth with type 1 diabetes and 71 without diabetes. Participants were between 12 and 19 years of age receiving …

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Ferric Reductases And Transporters That Contribute To Mitochondrial Iron Homeostasis, Anshika Jain Dec 2014

Ferric Reductases And Transporters That Contribute To Mitochondrial Iron Homeostasis, Anshika Jain

Theses and Dissertations

Iron (Fe) is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, yet the availability of Fe to plants is often limited. This is because in most soil types, Fe precipitates as ferric-oxyhydroxy complexes, making it unavailable for uptake by plants. While the mechanisms involved in Fe uptake from the soil are relatively well understood, the mechanisms involved in its further distribution to the aerial portion of the plant and to subcellular compartments are not fully understood. During Fe deprivation, plants up-regulate root Fe acquisition machinery. How plants sense Fe deprivation and tie the Fe status of the plant to …

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Product And Consumer Characteristics As Moderators Of Consumer Response To Sustainable Products, Kealy Carter Dec 2014

Product And Consumer Characteristics As Moderators Of Consumer Response To Sustainable Products, Kealy Carter

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation consists of two essays. In both, product sustainability is broadly focused on the environmental and social performance (Luchs et al. 2010) of a product. The first essay explores the role of firm sustainability reputation in behavioral intentions for sustainable products. Additionally, this essay applies construal level theory (Liberman and Trope 1998; Vallacher and Wegner 1985, 1987) and addresses the situation that exists wherein sales of sustainable products produced by firms founded under sustainability principles are more stable than those produced by traditional firms (Clifford and Martin 2011). The second essay introduces a measure of consumer perceived product sustainability …

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