Digital Commons Network^™

Baby Steps, Not Leaps, Toward Relief. Anatomizing Sackett V. Epa, John Shikles

Journal of Environmental and Sustainability Law

No abstract provided.

Treading Water While Congress Ignores The Nation's Environment, Sandra Zellmer

Notre Dame Law Review

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Care For Rural And Urban Children With Mental Health Problems, Nathaniel J. Anderson Ms, Mph, Samantha J. Neuwirth Md, Jennifer D. Lenardson Mhs, David Hartley Phd, Mha

Mental Health / Substance Use Disorders

Introduction

Research indicates that privately insured, rural adults have lower use of office-based mental health services, but higher use of prescription medicines than their urban counterparts. Similar studies for rural children have been limited to specific populations, diagnoses, or to single states. Patterns for rural children may be different than those of urban children and adults generally because of their high enrollment in Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program, which tend to have more generous behavioral health benefits than private coverage and may equalize rural-urban treatment patterns. On the other hand, the more limited supply of specialty mental …

Machines And The Moral Community, Erica L. Neely

Philosophy and Religion Faculty Scholarship

A key distinction in ethics is between members and nonmembers of the moral community. Over time, our notion of this community has expanded as we have moved from a rationality criterion to a sentience criterion for membership. I argue that a sentience criterion is insufficient to accommodate all members of the moral community; the true underlying criterion can be understood in terms of whether a being has interests. This may be extended to conscious, self-aware machines, as well as to any autonomous intelligent machines. Such machines exhibit an ability to formulate desires for the course of their own existence; this …

Missouri S&T Magazine Summer 2013, Missouri S&T Marketing And Communications Department, Miner Alumni Association

Missouri S&T Magazine

No abstract provided.

Possible Treatment Of End-Stage Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy By Inhibition Of Glutamine Synthetase, Arthur J. Cooper

NYMC Faculty Publications

Glutamine synthetase (GS) is highly active in astrocytes, and these cells are physiologically and morphologically compromised by hyperammonemia. Hyperammonemia in end-stage acute liver failure (ALF) is often associated with cerebral edema and astrocyte pathology/swelling. Many studies of animal models of hyperammonemia, and, more recently, nuclear magnetic resonance studies of liver disease patients, have shown that cerebral glutamine is elevated in hyperammonemia, contributing to the edema and encephalopathy. The GS inhibitor L-methionine-S,R-sulfoximine (MSO) is protective in animal models against acute ammonia intoxication. MSO is also an inhibitor of glutamate cysteine ligase, is converted to metabolic products, and causes convulsions at high …

Exhausting Life, Steven Luper

Philosophy Faculty Research

Can we render death harmless to us by perfecting life, as the ancient Epicureans and Stoics seemed to think? It might seem so, for after we perfect life—assuming we can—persisting would not make life any better. Dying earlier rather than later would shorten life, but a longer perfect life is no better than a shorter perfect life, so dying would take nothing of value from us. However, after sketching what perfecting life might entail, I will argue that it is not a desirable approach to invulnerability after all.

Sexual Dimorphisms In Habitat-Specific Morphology And Behavior In The Green Anole Lizard, A K. Dill, T J. Sanger, A C. Battles, Michele A. Johnson

Biology Faculty Research

Species that occur in variable environments often exhibit morphological and behavioral traits that are specific to local habitats. Because the ability to move effectively is closely associated with structural habitat, locomotor traits may be particularly sensitive to fine-scale habitat differences. Anolis lizards provide an excellent opportunity to study the relationship between locomotion and natural perch use in the field, as laboratory studies have demonstrated that lizards that use broader perches develop longer limbs and have higher sprint speeds. We examined Anolis carolinensis (the green anole) in three habitats in close proximity. Our goals were to determine whether habitat-specific differences in …

A Survey Of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities In Nebraska Sandhill Lakes Reveals Potential Alternative Ecosystem States, Jeffrey C. Jolley, Emily S. Albin, Mark A. Kaemingk, David W, Willis

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Aquatic invertebrate communities are important to shallow lake ecosystem form and function, providing vital components to the food web and thereby important to achieving lake management goals. We characterized lake invertebrate communities and physicochemical variables in six Nebraska Sandhill lakes and examined these characteristics within an alternative stable state framework. Surveys were conducted during 2005 within each of these lakes by sampling aquatic macroinvertebrate abundance, zooplankton abundance and biomass, phytoplankton biomass, and physicochemical variables. When placed within an alternative stable state framework, the response variables exhibited a gradient of different ecosystem states. Two lakes appeared congruent with the clear water …

√(X2 + Μ) Is The Most Computationally Efficient Smooth Approximation To |X|: A Proof, Carlos Ramirez, Reinaldo Sanchez, Vladik Kreinovich, Miguel Argaez

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, we need to minimize an expression of the type |c₁| + ... + |c_n|. The problem is that most efficient optimization techniques use the derivative of the objective function, but the function |x| is not differentiable at 0. To make optimization efficient, it is therefore reasonable to approximate |x| by a smooth function. We show that in some reasonable sense, the most computationally efficient smooth approximation to |x| is the function √(x² + μ), a function which has indeed been successfully used in such optimization.

Recognizing 'Game Changers' In Extrapolation Models: An Application To Counterinsurgency, Micah Dolcort-Silver

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent empirical studies suggest insurgencies may be accurately described by aggregated extrapolation models, such that past behavior becomes the best predictor for future action. I argue that aggregated extrapolation models possess two flaws that make it a poor choice for examining insurgencies. First, aggregated extrapolation models ask the wrong question. The more interesting question is to ask when present action is no longer explainable by past behavior. Secondly, aggregate models mask changes that a phenomenon undergoes over time which are only revealed upon disaggregating the data. Starting with a model and findings provided by Neil Johnson, I use casualty data …

The Organic Beauty Industry: A Gendered Economic Review, Brianna D. Connelly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Organic beauty has grown to a $6 billion dollar industry supplying consumers with products that align with unique social consumption preferences. This thesis explores the historical economic perspective of the traditional beauty industry and the development of the organic beauty industry. Capitalism influenced the traditional beauty industry during the pursuit for profits that lead to jeopardizing customer and environmental safety. Consumers responded to this behavior by founding an organic beauty industry that not only considered social issues, but negated gendered beauty standards in the process. Organic product efficacy has emerged as an issue that must be dealt with by regulation …

Aging And Technology Perspectives Of Web-Based Chronic Disease Self-Management, Jennifer Marie Dickman Portz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many people suffer from chronic disease; however, older adults are at greatest risk of chronic conditions. Although social workers regularly engage with chronically ill older adults, they are not noticeably involved with the research and development of chronic disease management. As such, with recent movements toward health information technology, the efficacy of technology-based chronic disease management is not well established for older adults. Informed by theories of self-management, human development, and technology design, this research investigated lifespan differences of web-based chronic disease self-management. Using a sequential mixed methods design, a secondary data analysis of a diabetes specific web-based self-management intervention …

Evolving Minds: Helping Students With Cognitive Dissonance, Terry L. Bramschreiber

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Even 150 years after Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species, public school teachers still find themselves dealing with student resistance to learning about biological evolution. Some teachers deal with this pressure by undermining, deemphasizing, or even omitting the topic in their science curriculum. Others face the challenge and deliver solid scientific instruction of evolutionary theory despite the conflicts that may arise. The latter were the topic of this study.

I interviewed five teachers that had experience dealing with resistance to learning evolution in their school community. Through these in-depth interviews, I examined strategies these teachers use when …

Endocytic Trafficking Of Nanoparticles Delivered By Cell-Penetrating Peptides Comprised Of Nona-Arginine And A Penetration Accelerating Sequence, Betty Revon Liu, Shih-Yen Lo, Chia-Chin Liu, Chia-Lin Chyan, Yue-Wern Huang, Robert Aronstam, Han-Jung Lee

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can traverse cellular membranes and deliver biologically active molecules into cells. In this study, we demonstrate that CPPs comprised of nona-arginine (R9) and a penetration accelerating peptide sequence (Pas) that facilitates escape from endocytic lysosomes, denoted as PR9, greatly enhance the delivery of noncovalently associated quantum dots (QDs) into human A549 cells. Mechanistic studies, intracellular trafficking analysis and a functional gene assay reveal that endocytosis is the main route for intracellular delivery of PR9/QD complexes. Endocytic trafficking of PR9/QD complexes was monitored using both confocal and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Zeta-potential and size analyses indicate the importance …

Behavioral Inhibition And Childhood Stuttering., Victoria Tumanova, Dahye Choi, Edward G. Conture, Tedra A. Walden, Warren E. Lambert

Communication Sciences and Disorders - All Scholarship

Purpose—The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of behavioral inhibition to stuttering and speech/language output in preschool-age children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS).

Method—Participants were preschool-age (ages 36 to 68 months), including 26 CWS (22 males) and 28 CWNS (13 males). Participants’ behavioral inhibition (BI) was assessed by measuring the latency to their sixth spontaneous comment during conversation with an unfamiliar experimenter, using methodology developed by Kagan, Reznick, and Gibbons (1989). In addition to these measures of BI, each participant’s stuttered and non-stuttered disfluencies and mean length of utterance (in morphemes) were assessed.

Results—Among …

Natural Resource Management Newsletter, Dave Willis

NRM Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Farmville's Wflo (95.7 Fm) Interviews President Reveley, W. Taylor Reveley Iv

Speeches, Interviews, and Communications

In June, Longwood President W. Taylor Reveley IV was interviewed by Francis Wood on Farmville's WFLO (95.7 FM and 870 AM) as part of their Call Flo morning radio show.

In the interview, President Reveley talks about his family background, his new role as the president of Longwood University, various challenges in higher education and much more.

Diabetes Mellitus And Hypercholesterolemia Are Risk Factors For Alzheimer’S Disease And Appear To Affect The Integrity Of The Blood Brain Barrier, Jacqueline Dash

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Studies have shown that the vascular risk factors common to diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia are also risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It is currently unknown how these diseases are associated with AD, but they may cause a leak in the blood brain barrier (BBB), which is one of the hallmarks of AD. In this preliminary study, over 150 pig brain slides were tested for the expression levels of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin V in the BBB microvasculature. There were three groups of pig brains used in this study namely, control pigs, pigs with diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia …

A Mechanistic Hypothesis Of The Factors That Enhance Vulnerability To Nicotine Use In Females, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

Women are particularly more vulnerable to tobacco use than men. This review proposes a unifying hypothesis that females experience greater rewarding effects of nicotine and more intense stress produced by withdrawal than males. We also provide a neural framework whereby estrogen promotes greater rewarding effects of nicotine in females via enhanced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). During withdrawal, we suggest that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) stress systems are sensitized and promote a greater suppression of dopamine release in the NAcc of females versus males. Taken together, females display enhanced nicotine reward via estrogen and amplified effects of withdrawal via …

Regime Evolution And The Non-Proliferation Regime: The Proliferation Security Initiative As A Case Study Of Transgovernmental Networking, Pallavi Gulati

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The practice of non-proliferation has evolved significantly since its origins during the Cold War. The most recent and notable contribution to the non-proliferation regime has come in the form of the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), a loose consortium of 102 nation-states through which countries can coordinate, share intelligence, and build capacity to interdict weapons of mass destruction (WMD) related transfers. My objective in this paper is to move beyond the “activity not an organisation” rhetoric espoused by proponents of the PSI and to ask a set of deeper and broader questions regarding why transgovernmental networks (TGNs) like the PSI arise …

¿Del Mar Quién Es Dueño? Artisanal Fisheries, Tourism Development, And The Struggles Over Access To Marine Resources In Playa Gigante, Nicaragua, Nikolai Alexander Alvarado

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In post-revolutionary Nicaragua tourism development has been embraced as a way to inject foreign exchange into an ailing economy. Despite rapid growth of the sector, particularly along Nicaragua's southwestern Pacific coast, little attention has been given to the impacts of this development on local producers. This research focuses on the tourism development taking place in the fishing community of Playa Gigante and its impacts on artisanal fisheries. Additionally, I focus on the struggles over access to marine resources, especially with creation of La Anciana Marine Protected Area (MPA), a marine conservation corridor being pushed forth by the largest resort development …

The Role Of Anxiety In Binge Eating Behavior: A Critical Examination Of Theory And Empirical Literature, Kamila S. White, Diane L. Rosenbaum

Psychology Faculty Works

The purpose of this manuscript is to expand the understanding of binge eating by reviewing the role of aspects of negative affect. Specifically, this paper will present evidence for further investigation of the bearing that anxiety may have in binge eating development and maintenance. A comprehensive review of the literature regarding the relation of binge eating and anxiety was performed. Valuable contributions have been made to the binge eating literature regarding some aspects of negative affect (i.e., depression); however, outside of bulimia nervosa studies, much of the theoretical and empirical binge eating research to date has not directly addressed the …

June 2013, Inland Empire Business Journal

Inland Empire Business Journal

News and Features

5 Habits of Successful Social Media Managers

In 2013, 62% of companies will increase

investment in social media and 38% will increase

investment in social management systems. Consider

five habits of successful social media managers and

adopt them as your own. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Three Keys to Successful Crisis Management

Why do some organizations come out of crisis

with enhanced reputations while others may not

even survive as a business? Lucien Canton outlines

three keys to successful …

Usgs Award No. G11ap20128 Determining The Effectiveness Of The Clean Air Act And Amendments For The Recovery Of Surface Waters In The Northeastern U.S., William H. Mcdowell, Steve Kahl

NH Water Resources Research Center Scholarship

No abstract provided.

New Hampshire Wrrc Information Transfer 2012, William H. Mcdowell

NH Water Resources Research Center Scholarship

No abstract provided.

2013 Summer - Registration Guide, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Registration Resources

No abstract provided.

2013 Summer - Schedule Of Classes, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Registration Resources

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Water Temperature On Drilling And Ingestion Rates Of The Dogwhelk Nucella Lapillus Feeding On Mytilus Edulis Mussels In The Laboratory, Luke P. Miller

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

In highly seasonal intertidal habitats, changes in temperature through the year may drive substantial shifts in feeding and growth rates of organisms. For the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus, attacking and consuming Mytilus edulis mussels can take hours or days, depending on temperature. Handling time of dogwhelks feeding on mussels is therefore greatly affected by ocean temperature. I recorded attack time in the laboratory, partitioned into drilling and consumption time, for juvenile dogwhelks across a range of seawater temperatures representative of field seawater temperatures during the main growing seasons of summer and autumn. The combined length of a drilling attack and …

Annual Report, 2012, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. J. William Fulbright College Of Arts And Sciences. King Fahd Center For Middle East Studies

King Fahd Center for Middle East & Islamic Studies Annual Report

Program Director: Tom Paradise, 2005-2009; Joel Gordon, 2009-