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The Parthenon, September 4, 2013, Bishop Nash

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, is published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly Thursday during the summer. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

The Power Of The Claw, Bruce M. Rothschild, Bill Bryant, Christopher Hubbard, Kent Tuxhorn, Ginny Penn Kilgore, Larry Martin, Virginia L. Naples

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Scratches on bones have routinely been attributed to tooth marks (a predominantly untested speculation), ignoring the effects of claws, perhaps because of the general assumption that claws are too soft to damage bone. However, some pathologies appears to be more compatible with claw rather than tooth impacts. Therefore, it is critical to determine if the claws of any animal are capable of scratching into the surface of any bone – a test and proof of concept. A tiger enrichment program was used to document actual bone damage unequivocally caused by claws, by assuring that the tiger had access to bones …

The Perceived Role Of Biological Father Contact In The Self-Estem Development Of Young African American Women : An Exploratory Study, Kendra R. Archer

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This qualitative study was designed to explore how young self-identified women of African American and African descent describe the connection between their father-daughter relationships and their self-esteem development. This exploratory study presents findings and narratives from the perspectives of 14 self-identified women of African American and African descent between the ages of 22- 30 who had face-to face contact with their biological fathers for at least five years throughout their lives. It was expected that the African American women in this study would speak to their experiences of paternal love or rejection in ways, which were tied positively or negatively …

Designing The Wheel: Building Technology In At The Beginning., Pat Reid

Teaching and Learning Technologies Publications

Like many higher education institutions, Purdue University struggles to provide faculty with the support they need to incorporate sound use of instructional technologies in their courses. Two years ago Provost Tim Sands made a commitment to both instructional technologies and active learning, which included $100,000 funding for Instruction Matters: Purdue Academic Course Transformation (IMPACT).

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Exotoxin Y-Mediated Tau Hyperphosphorylation Impairs Microtubule Assembly In Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Ron Balczon, Nutan Prasain, Cristhiaan Ochoa, Jason Prater, Bing Zhu, Mikhail Alexeyev, Sarah Sayner, Dara W. Frank, Troy Stevens

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses a type III secretion system to introduce the adenylyl and guanylyl cyclase exotoxin Y (ExoY) into the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. ExoY induces Tau hyperphosphorylation and insolubility, microtubule breakdown, barrier disruption and edema, although the mechanism(s) responsible for microtubule breakdown remain poorly understood. Here we investigated both microtubule behavior and centrosome activity to test the hypothesis that ExoY disrupts microtubule dynamics. Fluorescence microscopy determined that infected pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells contained fewer microtubules than control cells, and further studies demonstrated that the microtubule-associated protein Tau was hyperphosphorylated following infection and dissociated from microtubules. Disassembly/reassembly studies determined that …

Metagenomic Profiling Reveals Lignocellulose Degrading System In A Microbial Community Associated With A Wood-Feeding Beetle, Erin D. Scully, Scott M. Geib, Kelli Hoover, Ming Tien, Susannah G. Tringe, Kerrie W. Barry, Tijana Glavina Del Rio, Mansi Chovatia, Joshua R. Herr, John E. Carlson

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) is an invasive, wood-boring pest that thrives in the heartwood of deciduous tree species. A large impediment faced by A. glabripennis as it feeds on woody tissue is lignin, a highly recalcitrant biopolymer that reduces access to sugars and other nutrients locked in cellulose and hemicellulose. We previously demonstrated that lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose are actively deconstructed in the beetle gut and that the gut harbors an assemblage of microbes hypothesized to make significant contributions to these processes. While lignin degrading mechanisms have been well characterized in pure cultures of white rot basidiomycetes, little …

A Mechanochemical Study Into The Growth And Shape Maintenance Of Rod-Shaped Bacteria, Akeisha Belgrave

Doctoral Dissertations

Rod-shaped bacteria grow in length without changing their width [1, 2]. A major feature of bacterial cell growth is the remodeling of the cell wall, the primary structure giving the bacterium its shape and structural integrity. In many rod-shaped bacteria, the process by which the cell wall gets larger as the cell grows involves severing bonds that link the existing cell wall material together in order to insert and bind new material. Coordination between severing and insertion is likely necessary in order to prevent the cell wall from rupturing due to the large pressure difference between the inside and outside …

Genetic Variation In Gila Ataria, Peter D. Pixton, Dr. Mark C. Belk

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Utah chub (Gila Atraria) is a small fish native to the ancient Bonneville Basin. After a series of floods, Lake Bonneville receded approximately ten thousand years ago, isolating fish and other fauna that had been a part of the Greater Bonneville drainage. Pockets of Gila Atraria become isolated in drainages throughout Utah, Wyoming, and Idaho, and the genetic flow between these stranded populations stopped.

Inhibition Of P-21 Ras Translocation Of Ht-29 Cell Line By Fresh Garlic (Allium Sativum), Jordan D. Smith, Dr. Byron K. Murray

Journal of Undergraduate Research

How does fresh garlic oil affect human colon cancer cells? HT-29 is a cell line of human colon cancer originally extracted from a primary tumor in 1964. 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryi-CoA reductase (HGMR) is an enzyme responsible for attaching a lipid group to the 21 kilodalton (kD) Ras protein (p2l Ras), a molecule involved in cell signaling. This attachment is essential for the movement and anchoring of Ras from the cytosol to the membrane, as well as for biological activity. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a specific chemical found in garlic which has been shown to inhibit this enzyme1 and the translocation of …

Caffeine Inhibits The Rate Of Nucleotide Excision Repair In Multiple Human Cell Lines, Bryan S. Poe, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During the course of a lifetime the human genome encounters endless assaults on its fragile genetic material, many of which are potentially teratogenic, mutagenic or even oncogenic events. To counter these genetic insults, the cell (the fundamental building unit of the human body), has in place a myriad of protective and reparative mechanisms. One of the major defenses against an existing chromosomal lesion is the nucleotide excision repair pathway.

Designing The Wheel: Built-In Instructional Technology, Pat Reid, Donalee Attardo

IMPACT Publications

Like many higher education institutions, Purdue University struggles to provide faculty with the support they need to incorporate sound use of instructional technologies in their courses. Two years ago Provost Tim Sands made a commitment to both instructional technologies and active learning, which included $100,000 funding for Instruction Matters: Purdue Academic Course Transformation (IMPACT). Goals of the IMPACT project include:

• Develop a network of faculty knowledgeable in teaching and learning best practices and passionate about teaching through faculty learning communities
• Base course redesign on best practices and sound research
• Support faculty-led course redesign with campus-wide resources

IMPACT funding has …

Predicting Free-Space Occupancy On Novel Artificial Structures By An Invasive Intertidal Barnacle Using A Removal Experiment, Sa Bracewell, La Robinson, Lb Firth, Am Knights

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Artificial structures can create novel habitat in the marine environment that has been associated with the spread of invasive species. They are often located in areas of high disturbance and can vary significantly in the area of free space provided for settlement of marine organisms. Whilst correlation between the amount of free space available and recruitment success has been shown in populations of several marine benthic organisms, there has been relatively little focus on invasive species, a group with the potential to reproduce in vast numbers and colonise habitats rapidly. Invasion success following different scales of disturbance was examined in …

Juvenile King Scallop, Pecten Maximus, Is Potentially Tolerant To Low Levels Of Ocean Acidification When Food Is Unrestricted, Mb Sanders, Tp Bean, Th Hutchinson, Quesne Wjf Le

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Osmolytes On Amyloid-Beta Protein Surface Activity And Membrane Interactions, Juan Anaya

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

The misfolding and aggregation of proteins into fibrillar aggregates in the brain are linked to the pathogenesis of over 20 neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, the toxicity and neurodegenerative symptoms of Alzheimers disease are directly related to the aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) protein into β-sheet rich insoluble fibrils. However, the mechanism and driving forces of Aβ fibril formation in vivo are still unknown. It has been shown previously that Aβ's surface activity and favorable interaction with lipid membranes can induce the formation of fibrils, suggesting a possible membrane-based mechanism of Aβ aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. Unlike dilute solutions used for in …

Legendary Oceanographer To Kick Off Marine Biology's 40th Anniversary, Brian E. Clark

Featured News Story

President’s Distinguished Speakers Series event on Sept. 25 will feature National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle.

Spatially Explicit Data: Stewardship And Ethical Challenges In Science, Joel N. Hartter, Sadie J. Ryan, Catrina A. Mackenzie, John N. Parker, Carly A. Strasser

Geography

Scholarly communication is at an unprecedented turning point created in part by the increasing saliency of data stewardship and data sharing. Formal data management plans represent a new emphasis in research, enabling access to data at higher volumes and more quickly, and the potential for replication and augmentation of existing research. Data sharing has recently transformed the practice, scope, content, and applicability of research in several disciplines, in particular in relation to spatially specific data. This lends exciting potentiality, but the most effective ways in which to implement such changes, particularly for disciplines involving human subjects and other sensitive information, …

Course Catalog 2013-14, Wellesley College

The Wellesley College Catalogs

No abstract provided.

2013 September 3 - Medical Student Education Committee Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

A Novel Mglur5 Antagonist, Mfz 10-7, Inhibits Cocaine-Taking And Cocaine-Seeking Behavior In Rats, Thomas Keck, Mu-Fa Zou, Gui-Hua Bi, Hai-Ying Zhang, Xiao-Fei Wang, Hong-Ju Yang, Ratika Srivastava, Elliott L. Gardner, Zheng-Xiong Xi, Amy Hauck Newman

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Pre-clinical studies suggest that negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5), including 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]pyridine (MTEP) and fenobam are highly effective in attenuating drug-taking and drug-seeking behaviors. However, both MPEP and MTEP have no translational potential for use in humans because of their off-target effects and short half-lives. Here, we report that 3-fluoro-5-[(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)ethynyl]benzonitrile (MFZ 10-7), a novel mGluR5 NAM, is more potent and selective than MPEP, MTEP and fenobam in both in vitro binding and functional assays. Similar to MTEP, intraperitoneal administration of MFZ 10-7 inhibited intravenous cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior and …

Current, September 03, 2013, University Of Missouri-St. Louis

Current (2010s)

No abstract provided.

Environmental Productivity Predicts Migration, Demographic, And Linguistic Patterns In Prehistoric California, Brian F. Codding, Terry L. Jones

Social Sciences

Global patterns of ethnolinguistic diversity vary tremendously. Some regions show very little variation even across vast expanses, whereas others exhibit dense mosaics of different languages spoken alongside one another. Compared with the rest of Native North America, prehistoric California exemplified the latter. Decades of linguistic, genetic, and archaeological research have produced detailed accounts of the migrations that aggregated to build California’s diverse ethnolinguistic mosaic, but there have been few have attempts to explain the process underpinning these migrations and why such a mosaic did not develop elsewhere. Here we show that environmental productivity predicts both the order of migration events …

Validity Of Self-Reported Drug Use During Pregnancy, Mahek Garg

Pharmaceutical Sciences ETDs

Introduction: Epidemiology studies often rely on maternal self-reports for drug use information, however, the degree of drug use under-reporting among pregnant women is largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of self-reports for methadone, buprenorphine, opioids (prescription opioids and heroin), marijuana, benzodiazepines, amphetamines/methamphetamines, and cocaine/crack-cocaine in a population of pregnant women. Methods: Analysis was based on 102 pregnant women enrolled in the 'Biomarkers in Pregnancy Study' (BIPS) cohort at the University of New Mexico. Women attending the UNM Milagro clinic, designated to pregnant women with the current or past history of substance abuse, were enrolled …

The Utah Statesman, September 3, 2013, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Publishing Research, Improving Care, Anupam Agarwal Md

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Recruits To Build New Renal, Cardiovascular Program, Clinton Colmenares

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Zombie Economics: Violence And Economics In Three First-Person Shooter Zombie-Themed Video Games., Brynn S. Shaw

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

This thesis presents a textual analysis of three zombie-themed video games: Left4Dead, Call of Duty: Zombies, and Killing Floor. The relationship between violence and economics presented in the in-game actions is analyzed to demonstrate that when capitalism is seen as ideological in nature, the zombie-themed games observed can be seen as evidence of the reiteration of that ideology. A gradation of economic systems becomes apparent through a comparison of these video games to the zombie myth presented in film, using a combination of the methods of narrative examination and ludology. The games which imitate the capitalistic market do so by …

Optimization Analysis Of The Needleman-Wunsch Algorithm, Mark Kendell Clement, Dr. Sean Warnick

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Needleman-Wunsch algorithm is a classic example of dynamic programming – a technique that solves large problems by breaking them down into small problems. The simplest problems are solved first and are then used to solve the larger problems. Over this past year, I studied the impact of computer science optimization techniques on the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm as applied to DNA sequence alignment.

Naringenin Inhibits Adipogenesis And Reduces Insulin Sensitivity And Adiponectin Expression In Adipocytes, Allison J. Richard, Zhaleh Amini-Vaughan, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Adipose tissue development and function are widely studied to examine the relationship between obesity and the metabolic syndrome. It is well documented that the inability of adipose tissue to properly increase its lipid storage capacity during the obese state can lead to metabolic dysfunction. In a blind screen of 425 botanicals, we identified naringenin as an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation. Naringenin is one of the most abundant citrus flavonoids, and recent studies have demonstrated antihyperlipidemic capabilities. These studies have largely focused on the effects of naringenin on the liver. Our biochemical studies clearly demonstrate that naringenin inhibits adipogenesis and impairs …

Engineered Knottin Peptide Enables Noninvasive Optical Imaging Of Intracranial Medulloblastoma, Sarah J. Moore, Melanie G. Hayden Gephart, Jamie M. Bergen, You Rong S. Su, Helen Rayburn, Matthew P. Scott, Jennifer R. Cochran

Engineering: Faculty Publications

Central nervous system tumors carry grave clinical prognoses due to limited effectiveness of surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Thus, improved strategies for brain tumor visualization and targeted treatment are critically needed. We demonstrate that mouse cerebellar medulloblastoma (MB) can be targeted and illuminated with a fluorescent, engineered cystine knot (knottin) peptide that binds with high affinity to α β , α β , and α β integrin receptors. This integrin-binding knottin peptide, denoted EETI 2.5F, was evaluated as a molecular imaging probe in both orthotopic and genetic models of MB. Following tail vein injection, fluorescence arising from dye-conjugated EETI 2.5F …

Transcription Factor Binding Site Identification Using Mathematical Algorithms, Colin Rogerson, Dr. W. Evan Johnson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of our research project was, originally, first to identify the likely binding sites of the Estrogen Receptor transcription factor, and second to identify likely co-factors that interact with Estrogen Receptor in the binding process. We planned to do this using a computational algorithm which scanned sequences of DNA, and by utilizing the position weight matrices of many transcription factors, statistically identify likely binding sites and co-factors.