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The Glucose Signaling Network In Yeast, Jeong-Ho Kim, Adhiraj Roy, David Jouandot Ii, Kyu Hong Cho

Faculty Publications

Background

Most cells possess a sophisticated mechanism for sensing glucose and responding to it appropriately. Glucose sensing and signaling in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae represent an important paradigm for understanding how extracellular signals lead to changes in the gene expression program in eukaryotes.

Scope of review

This review focuses on the yeast glucose sensing and signaling pathways that operate in a highly regulated and cooperative manner to bring about glucose-induction of HXT gene expression.

Major conclusions

The yeast cells possess a family of glucose transporters (HXTs), with different kinetic properties. They employ three major glucose signaling pathways—Rgt2/Snf3, …

Morphological Divergence And Flow-Induced Phenotypic Plasticity In A Native Fish From Anthropogenically Altered Stream Habitats, Nathan R. Franssen, Laura K. Stewart, Jacob F. Schaefer

Faculty Publications

Understanding population-level responses to human-induced changes to habitats can elucidate the evolutionary consequences of rapid habitat alteration. Reservoirs constructed on streams expose stream fishes to novel selective pressures in these habitats. Assessing the drivers of trait divergence facilitated by these habitats will help identify evolutionary and ecological consequences of reservoir habitats. We tested for morphological divergence in a stream fish that occupies both stream and reservoir habitats. To assess contributions of genetic-level differences and phenotypic plasticity induced by flow variation, we spawned and reared individuals from both habitats types in flow and no flow conditions. Body shape significantly and consistently …

Slope Of Change Through D-Cycloserine Facilitation Of Exposure Therapy In A Social Anxiety Population, Christina M. Sheerin

Dissertations

The present study sought to add to a growing base of research investigating approaches that facilitate the therapeutic effects of exposure-based therapy for social anxiety disorders. In particular, the approach involves the use of medication adjuvants that work in conjunction with therapeutic learning. This work translates findings from preclinical work to further our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that impact extinction learning. Among others, a promising method has been found with the use of D-cycloserine (DCS), a partial NMDA receptor agonist. Evidence of its positive impact in preclinical work has led to its application to clinical populations who suffer from …

Assessing Fecal Contamination In Groundwater From The Tulum Region, Quintana Roo, Mexico, Rosa M. Leal-Bautista, Melissa Lenczewski, Cheyenne Morgan, Amy Gahala, Jean E. Mclain

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

The Yucatan Peninsula’s groundwater is experiencing increases in degradation due to swelling population and tourism; yet little is known about sources and transport of contaminants in drinking water supplies. The karst allows for rapid transport of microbial and chemical contaminants to the subsurface, resulting in significantly increased potential for pollution of groundwater. The objective of this research is to determine the occurrence, source, and extent of fecal con- tamination in the Tulum region of the Peninsula. A multi-analytical approach was undertaken in impacted and unim- pacted groundwater locations; measurements included physicochemical parameters, total coliform and E. coli, Bacter- oides (human …

Cognitive Apprenticeship And The Supervision Of Science And Engineering Research Assistants, Michelle A. Maher, Joanna A. Gilmore, David F. Feldon, Telesia E. Davis

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

We explore and critically reflect on the process of science and engineering research assistant skill development both within laboratory-based research teams and, when no team is present, whithin the faculty supervisor-research assistant interactions. Using a performance-based measure of research skill development, we identify research assistants who, over the course of an academic year of service as a researcher, markedly developed, modestly developed, or failed to develop their research skills. Interviews with these research assistants and their faculty supervisors, seen through the lens of cognitive apprenticeship, provide insight into this variation. We found that within the contours of supervisory relationships and …

Ct Angiography In The Detection Of Carotid Body Enlargement In Patients With Hypertension And Heart Failure, Sreejit Nair, Ajay Gupta, Marat Fudim, Christopher Robinson, Vinay Ravi, Sandra M. Hurtado Rua, Zoar Engelman, Kyungmouk S. Lee, C. Douglas Philips, Akhilesh K. Sista

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Introduction: The carotid body (CB) has previously been found to be enlarged and hyperactive in various disease states such as heart failure (HF), hypertension (HTN), and respiratory disease. Evaluation of CB size in these disease states using imaging has not been performed. The purpose of this case–control study was to compare CB sizes in patients with HF and HTN with those of controls using CT angiography. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 323 consecutive patients who had neck computed tomography angiography (CTA) exams in 2011. Following extensive review, 17 HF and HTN patients and 14 controls were identified. Two …

The Update, November 2013, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Humanities, Arts And Sciences.

Update

Inside this issue:

-- Meet the Artists - GBPAC Collaboration: Kristallnacht, Night of Broken Glass
-- Department News
-- TEECA
-- Stephen Gaies
-- Sex and Death in Eighteenth Century Literature
-- School of Music Events
-- Featured Organization: Actuarial Science Club
-- Featured Organization: SAACS
-- Alumni Spotlight: Earth Science: Scott Beason
-- Electronic Media Alumni Achievements
-- New 3D Printer for Metal Casting Center
-- Student Spotlight: Language & Literatures: Sam Bass
-- In Memoriam: Clifton Chancey

Women And The Second Estate In 16th Century Zambezia: Gendered Powers, A 'Puppet' African Queen And Succession In Vakaranga Society, 1500–1700, George G. Levin

Master's Theses

Women in vaKaranga society of the 15th to 17th centuries have been portrayed as oppressed by an "extremely patriarchal" system, but the reality, while still fitting the simple classification of a 'patriarchal' monarchy, indicates quite a bit more negotiation of gendered powers than women, as a class, experienced in the Mediterranean or East Asia. The vaKaranga were the architects of Great Zimbabwe, the capital of a growing state, colonizing their cousins of the Zambezi river, which their Kusi-Mashariki Bantu forefathers had traversed southward a millennium before. Civil war had (apparently) split one nation into two states, Mutapa (Monomotapa) and Khami …

The Effects Of Diethylstilbestrol Administration On Rat Kidney. Ultrastructural Study, Adel M. Hussein, Mohamed H. Badawoud, Mustafa H. Noaman

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the histological and ultrastructural changes that can be induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) on renal tissues using histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods. METHODS: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (10 rats each): Group 1 - control; Group 2 - received DES at a dose of 60 ug/kg/day, dissolved in 0.1 ml corn oil for 20 days; and Group 3 - received the same dose of DES for 50 days by oral gavage. The renal tissues were studied histologically, immunohistochemically (using an anti-BCL2-associated X protein [BAX protein] antibody), and ultrastructurally. This study was carried out …

Phase Ii Study On The Use Of Intraoperative Radiotherapy In Early Breast Cancer, Adnan A. Merdad, Yasir A. Bahadur, Ehab E. Fawzy, Ashraf H. Hassouna, Maha M. Eltaher, Zuhoor K. Alghaithy, Fatma K. Al-Thoubaity, Camelia T. Constantinescu

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To report our early experience using the Intrabeam radiotherapy delivery system for intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in early breast cancer. METHODS: This is a prospective phase 2 study carried out at the Department of Surgery and Radiology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from December 2010 to November 2012. Females eligible for breast-conserving surgery with biopsy-proven invasive duct carcinoma, and with a mass of 3 cm, with lymphovascular invasion, multifocal lesion, extensive intraductal carcinoma, and positive nodes. Early and late toxicity were recorded using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were included with …

The Allocation Of Time In Sleep: A Social Network Model With Sampled Data, Xiaodong Liu, Eleonora Patacchini, Edoardo Rainone

Center for Policy Research

We analyze peer effects in sleeping behavior using a representative sample of U.S. teenagers from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health. The sampling design of the survey causes the conventional 2SLS estimator to be inconsistent. We extend the NLS estimator in Wang and Lee (2013a) to estimate network models with sampled observations on the dependent variable. When accounting for sampling, we find that the sleeping behavior of the friends is important to shape own sleeping behavior, besides the impact of individual, family and friend characteristics.

Reduced White Matter Integrity In Sibling Pairs Discordant For Bipolar Disorder, Emma Sprooten, Margaret S. Brumbaugh, Emma E. Knowles, D Reese Mckay, John Lewis, Jennifer Barrett, Stefanie Landau, Lindsay Cyr, Peter Kochunov, Anderson M. Winkler

School of Medicine Publications

Objective

Several lines of evidence indicate that white matter integrity is compromised in bipolar disorder, but the nature, extent, and biological causes remain elusive. To determine the extent to which white matter deficits in bipolar disorder are familial, the authors investigated white matter integrity in a large sample of bipolar patients, unaffected siblings, and healthy comparison subjects.

Method

The authors collected diffusion imaging data for 64 adult bipolar patients, 60 unaffected siblings (including 54 discordant sibling pairs), and 46 demographically matched comparison subjects. Fractional anisotropy was compared between the groups using voxel-wise tract-based spatial statistics and by extracting mean fractional …

Facile Synthesis, Characterization, And Antimicrobial Activity Of Cellulose-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Composite Material: A Potential Material For Bone Tissue Engineering, Tamutsiwa M. Mututuvari, April L. Harkins, Chieu D. Tran

Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is often used as a bone-implant material because it is biocompatible and osteoconductive. However, HAp possesses poor rheological properties and it is inactive against disease-causing microbes. To improve these properties, we developed a green method to synthesize multifunctional composites containing: (1) cellulose (CEL) to impart mechanical strength; (2) chitosan (CS) to induce antibacterial activity thereby maintaining a microbe-free wound site; and (3) HAp. In this method, CS and CEL were co-dissolved in an ionic liquid (IL) and then regenerated from water. HAp was subsequently formed in situ by alternately soaking [CEL+CS] composites in aqueous solutions of CaCl_{2 …}

Preventing Adolescents' Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms: Effects Of The Penn Resiliency Program, J. J. Cutuli, Jane Gillham, T. M. Chaplin, K. J. Reivich, M. E. P. Seligman, R. J. Gallop, R. M. Abenavoli, D. R. Freres

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Novel Neuroprotective Function Of Apical-Basal Polarity Genecrumbs In Amyloid Beta 42 (Aβ42) Mediated Neurodegeneration, Andrew Steffensmeier, Meghana Tare, Oorvashi Roy Puli, Rohan Modi, Jaison Nainaparampil, Madhuri Kango-Singh, Amit Singh

Biology Faculty Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD, OMIM: 104300), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure to date, is caused by the generation of amyloid-beta-42 (Aβ42) aggregates that trigger neuronal cell death by unknown mechanism(s). We have developed a transgenic Drosophilaeye model where misexpression of human Aβ42 results in AD-like neuropathology in the neural retina. We have identified an apical-basal polarity gene crumbs (crb) as a genetic modifier of Aβ42-mediated-neuropathology. Misexpression of Aβ42 caused upregulation of Crb expression, whereas downregulation of Crb either by RNAi or null allele approach rescued the Aβ42-mediated-neurodegeneration. Co-expression of full length Crb with Aβ42 increased severity of Aβ42-mediated-neurodegeneration, …

Development Of A Computational Approach To Assess Hip Fracture And Repair: Considerations Of Intersubject And Surgical Alignment Variability, Azhar Ali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hip fracture remains a major public health concern due to the significant number of occurrences and mortality rates. Intertrochanteric fractures are the most common type of fracture and are typically caused by a fall. Intramedullary osteosynthesis is a common surgical practice to repair intertrochanteric fractures, but revisions are often required. The work presented in this thesis aims to improve the realism and fidelity of computational models of hip fracture, which can be an effective alternative to costly and labor-intensive clinical in-vivo and experimental in-vitro testing. Intersubject variability is inherently present in anatomy and material relations. Statistical shape and intensity models …

Wills, Trusts, And Estates, J. William Gray Jr., Katherine E. Ramsey

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

Terminating Parental Rights Through A Backdoor In The Virginia Code: Adoptions Under Section 63.2-1202(H), Dale Margolin Cecka

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

Soothing The Threatened Brain: Leveraging Contact Comfort With Emotionally Focused Therapy, Susan M. Johnson, Melissa Burgess Moser, Lane Beckes, Andra Smith, Rebecca Halchuk, Karen Hasselmo, Paul S. Greenman, Zul Merali, James A. Coan

Brain and Mind Institute

Social relationships are tightly linked to health and well-being. Recent work suggests that social relationships can even serve vital emotion regulation functions by minimizing threat-related neural activity. But relationship distress remains a significant public health problem in North America and elsewhere. A promising approach to helping couples both resolve relationship distress and nurture effective interpersonal functioning is Emotionally Focused Therapy for couples (EFT), a manualized, empirically supported therapy that is strongly focused on repairing adult attachment bonds. We sought to examine a neural index of social emotion regulation as a potential mediator of the effects of EFT. Specifically, we examined …

Homeotic Gene Teashirt (Tsh) Has A Neuroprotective Function In Amyloid-Beta 42 Mediated Neurodegeneration, Michael T. Moran, Meghana Tare, Madhuri Kango-Singh, Amit Singh

Biology Faculty Publications

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating age related progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of cognition, and eventual death of the affected individual. One of the major causes of AD is the accumulation of Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) polypeptides formed by the improper cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain. These plaques disrupt normal cellular processes through oxidative stress and aberrant signaling resulting in the loss of synaptic activity and death of the neurons. However, the detailed genetic mechanism(s) responsible for this neurodegeneration still remain elusive.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We have generated a transgenic Drosophila eye model where …

Interdisciplinary Approach To Dizziness: Roles Of Audiology And Physical Therapy, Faith W. Akin, Courtney D. Hall, Kristal M. Riska

ETSU Faculty Works

Dizziness is one of the most common reasons patients seek medical care, and because there are many causes of dizziness, management of these patients requires an interdisciplinary approach. Peripheral vestibular dysfunction is the most common cause of dizziness/vertigo diagnosed in specialty clinics. The purpose of this article is to present an interdisciplinary approach to the management of patients with vestibular dysfunction with a focus on the unique and overlapping contributions of audiology and physical therapy to vestibular assessment and rehabilitation.

Microbial Natural Products: Molecular Blueprints For Antitumor Drugs, Lesley Ann Giddings, David J. Newman

Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Microbes from two of the three domains of life, the Prokarya, and Eukarya, continue to serve as rich sources of structurally complex chemical scaffolds that have proven to be essential for the development of anticancer therapeutics. This review describes only a handful of exemplary natural products and their derivatives as well as those that have served as elegant blueprints for the development of novel synthetic structures that are either currently in use or in clinical or preclinical trials together with some of their earlier analogs in some cases whose failure to proceed aided in the derivation of later compounds. In …

Assessment And Recommendations For Using High-Resolution Weather Information To Improve Winter Maintenance Operations, Michael Baldwin, Kimberly Hoogewind, Derrick Snyder, Matthew Price, R. Jeffrey Trapp

JTRP Technical Reports

A variety of methods for obtaining detailed analyses regarding the timing and duration of winter weather across the state of Indiana for multiple seasons were compared and evaluated during this project. Meteorological information from sources such as surface reporting stations, National Weather Service radars, and three-dimensional weather analysis and prediction systems were utilized in this work. In addition, daily weather forecasts were provided by students at Purdue University during the 2012-13 winter season. These forecasts supplemented the weather forecast information already in use at INDOT. Purdue weather forecasts were systematically evaluated during this project. The results from these assessments are …

Asian American College Students: Making Racial Meaning In An Era Of Color-Blind Racism, Vijay Pendakur

College of Education Theses and Dissertations

Since the end of the Civil Rights era, a new paradigm has emerged for understanding race and racism in American society. This neoliberal hegemonic discourse argues that systemic racism ended with the abolishment of formal, juridical racism and that any continued investment in race is both unnecessary and deeply problematic. Critical race theorists have named this framework color- blind racism. In recent years, color-blind racist discourse has been repackaged under a "post-race" label and the election of America's first non-White president has only served to bolster notions that America might have somehow transcended race.

For college students, the undergraduate years …

The Envenoming Pandemic And The Misguided Views Of Snakes: Developing Sustainable Relationships Between Native Poisonous Snakes Of India And The Citizens Of Maharashtra Through The Use Of The Irula Model., Destiny Villanueva

Animal Science

Due to its vast population and general negative consensus regarding snakes, India is notorious for having more snakebite incidents than any other country. Snakes are simultaneously revered and feared in Indian religion and culture. This stigma is perpetuated through propaganda, family beliefs, and innate fears of snakes.These stigmas are more pronounced within rural areas, such as the region of Mahad within the state of Maharshtra. Envenoming is endemic in these areas, and others like them. The World Health Organization identified envenoming as one of the most neglected tropical diseases of the 21st century (Nature India, 2013). Additionally, both nonvenomous and …

Collaborative Understanding Of Cyanobacteria In Lake Ecosystems, Meredith L. Greer, Holly A. Ewing, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Kathleen C. Weathers

All Faculty Scholarship

We describe a collaboration between mathematicians and ecologists studying the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata and its possible role in eutrophication of New England lakes. The mathematics includes compartmental modeling, differential equations, difference equations, and testing models against high-frequency data. The ecology includes observation, field sampling, and parameter estimation based on observed data and the related literature. Mathematically and ecologically, a collaboration like this progresses in ways it never would have if either group worked alone.

Effect Of Mycorrhizal Colonization And Light Limitation On Growth And Reproduction Of Lima Bean (Phaseolus Lunatus L.), Daniel J. Ballhorn, Jess A. Millar

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Plants can respond with sink stimulation of photosynthesis when colonized with fungal or bacterial root symbionts, compensating costs of carbohydrate allocation to the microbes. However, constraints may arise under light limitation when plants cannot extensively increase photosynthesis. We hypothesize that under such conditions the costs for maintaining the symbiosis outweigh the benefits, ultimately turning the mutualist microbes into parasites, resulting in reduced plant growth and reproduction.

Using lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) as experimental plant, we applied two levels of light (full light, 75% shading) and microbial inoculation (sterile soil, mycorrhizal fungi) and quantified both vegetative and generative plant …

Public Health Considerations Of Launching Nuclear Waste To The Sun, Murray R. Berkowitz

PCOM Scholarly Works

The article discusses the public health aspects of disposing of radioactive nuclear waste by launching it to the sun. Disposing of radioactive nuclear waste by launching it to the sun remove the threats of exposure from leakage of a storage facility. The high temperatures will incinerate and consume all matter prior to its reaching the sun's corona.

Symposium: Bombshell Or Babystep - The Ramifications Of Miller V. Alabama For Sentencing Law And Juvenile Crime Policy: Symposium Foreword, Paul J. Litton

Missouri Law Review

Part II of this Foreword briefly addresses one open constitutional question in the wake of Miller: in light of its rationale, is juvenile LWOP – whether mandatory or the result of an individualized sentencing process – constitutionally permissible? I argue that the Miller opinion itself is incoherent insofar as it permits juvenile LWOP as a constitutionally viable sentence. Part III provides a short synopsis of the controversy among Justices regarding the proper methodology for Eighth Amendment proportionality analyses. Then, with particular attention to the authors’ different takes on Miller’s implications for methodology, Part III provides a guide to the symposium …

Follow The Dotted Line: Composition Portfolio With Commentary., David Bremner

Doctoral

This research consists of a portfolio of original musical compositions, accompanied by a commentary which examines the aesthetic and technical aspects of each piece and of the body of work as a whole. It traces the development of a mature and original compositional style. The works presented share a focus on the concept of line. This concept is explored in a range of diverse instrumentations (orchestra, choral, solo instrument/voice, chamber ensemble, electronics) and diverse compositional methods (fully-notated scores, graphic scores, devised improvised schemes). The emphasis is on lines that are constrained within a particular pitch register, while being explored fully …