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2013

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Articles 19231 - 19260 of 24651

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Multiple Shoot Regeneration Of Plumular Apices Of Chickpea, Muhammad Aasim, Si̇bel Day, Fereshteh Rezaei, Mortaza Hajyzadeh Jan 2013

Multiple Shoot Regeneration Of Plumular Apices Of Chickpea, Muhammad Aasim, Si̇bel Day, Fereshteh Rezaei, Mortaza Hajyzadeh

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume used almost all over the world. Development of new repeatable and reliable tissue culture protocols is very important for improvement of breeding and genetic transformation studies. It is a highly recalcitrant plant and there is an urgent need to develop a regeneration protocol that can ensure easy multiple and qualitative superior shoots that could be rooted and yield fertile plants. Unconditioned plumular apices and plumular apices preconditioned with 10 mg L^{-1} benzylaminopurine (BA) for 10 days were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.25-2.00 mg L^{-1} BA with …

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Micropropagation Of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos L. Via Lateral-Bud Culture, Mustafa Cüce, Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen Jan 2013

Micropropagation Of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos L. Via Lateral-Bud Culture, Mustafa Cüce, Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable growth medium for rapid and efficient micropropagation of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. (Ericaceae) via lateral-bud cultures. According to preliminary studies, the best explant collection time was late April and May. Accordingly, cuttings were taken from naturally growing V. arctostaphylos populations, and lateral shoot buds were used as explant sources. Anderson's rhododendron medium (AN), McCown's woody plant medium (WPM), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium, each supplemented with zeatin/indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (1.0/0.1 mg L^{-1}), were tested to determine the best basal medium for multiple shoot formation; WPM was the most …

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Changes In Mycorrhizal Spore And Root Colonization Of Coastal Dune Vegetation Of The Seyhan Delta In The Postcultivation Phase, Özlem Aytok, Kemal Tulühan Yilmaz, İbrahi̇m Ortaş, Hali̇l Çakan Jan 2013

Changes In Mycorrhizal Spore And Root Colonization Of Coastal Dune Vegetation Of The Seyhan Delta In The Postcultivation Phase, Özlem Aytok, Kemal Tulühan Yilmaz, İbrahi̇m Ortaş, Hali̇l Çakan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Changes in the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spores and root colonization that occurred in the postcultivation phase were investigated in the coastal dunes of the Seyhan Delta, Turkey. A sampling method was used to obtain community-level information, which is essential for the evaluation of relations between plant communities and AM colonization. Eight quadrats of 10 × 10 m were selected to describe floristic composition of different plant communities. TWINSPAN was applied to identify the plant communities. In addition, DECORANA was employed to put forward a clear ordination of the communities. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20 cm …

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Ecology, Toxicity, And Hydrolytic Activities Of Bacillus Thuringiensis In Forests, Fouad Al-Momani, Maher Obeidat Jan 2013

Ecology, Toxicity, And Hydrolytic Activities Of Bacillus Thuringiensis In Forests, Fouad Al-Momani, Maher Obeidat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The investigation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in 16 forest soil samples from Ajloun, northern Jordan, involved the isolation of 23 isolates toxic to the third instar dipteran larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and 7 isolates toxic to the third instar lepidopteran larvae of Ephestia kuehniella. The highest viable count of Bt was found in Ebeen forest soils (14.24 × 10^7 CFU g^{-1}), and the lowest viable count was found in Rasoun forest soils. The lethal concentration (LC_{50}) of Bt isolates indicated a variation in their toxicity to D. melanogaster and E. kuehniella larvae, with lower LC_{50} values for D. melanogaster suggesting …

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Forest Management Issues Of The Southern United States And Comparisons With Turkey, Pete Bettinger, Jacek Siry, Chris Cieszewski, Krista L. Merry, Hayati̇ Zengi̇n, Ahmet Yeşi̇l Jan 2013

Forest Management Issues Of The Southern United States And Comparisons With Turkey, Pete Bettinger, Jacek Siry, Chris Cieszewski, Krista L. Merry, Hayati̇ Zengi̇n, Ahmet Yeşi̇l

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Most of the forest area in the southern United States has been cleared, regrown, purchased, and sold several times over the last 200 years, and forest management practices generally focus on wood production. Agricultural expansion, use, and the abandonment of land have been the major forces behind land use change, and now human population expansion is a major issue. The land tenure system of the United States has allowed individuals and companies to acquire, use, and sell land since the time of European colonization; thus, private ownership of land dominates the southern region. However, new private, corporate, nonindustrial entities have …

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Free Vibration Of Both-Ends Clamped Wooden Beams: Is It Potentially Applicable As An In Situ Assessment Method?, Mehran Roohnia, Abdolsaber Yaghmaeipour, Yoshitaka Kubojima, Ajang Tajdini Jan 2013

Free Vibration Of Both-Ends Clamped Wooden Beams: Is It Potentially Applicable As An In Situ Assessment Method?, Mehran Roohnia, Abdolsaber Yaghmaeipour, Yoshitaka Kubojima, Ajang Tajdini

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Considerable errors caused by shear deflection and rotary inertia in both-ends clamped flexural vibration make the modulus of elasticity hardly obtainable in flexurally excited beams with similar ending conditions. As both-ends clamped beams and columns are necessarily quality controlled in situ within the building structures, this study has attempted to identify some initial requirements for the dynamic responses of a sound both-ends clamped beam under flexural vibration. Accordingly, the dynamic responses of the both-ends clamped wooden beams in radial and tangential flexural vibration were compared to beams in a free-free condition while stepwise increasing axial compressions were applied to the …

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Adhesion Properties Of Some Protective Layers Exposed To Outside Weather Conditions For Five Years, Mehmet Budakçi, Ci̇hat Taşçioğlu Jan 2013

Adhesion Properties Of Some Protective Layers Exposed To Outside Weather Conditions For Five Years, Mehmet Budakçi, Ci̇hat Taşçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the long-term (5-year) performances of 2 varnish systems, semitransparent alkyd-based brown stain (SABBS) and alkyd-based clear varnish (ABCV), were evaluated on preservative-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. Prior to varnish application, specimens were impregnated with 2 different types of wood preservative. The experimental variables were varnish type, layer thickness, and wood preservative. ASTM D 1641 was followed for exposing wood specimens to outdoor conditions. The effects of long-term exposure on adhesion properties of applied varnish systems were tested according to ASTM D 4541. Long-term outdoor exposure resulted in 4.2% and 33.9% reductions in the adhesion properties …

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Characterization, Antifungal Activity, And Cell Immobilization Of A Chitinase From Serratia Marcescens Mo-1, Sezer Okay, Murat Özdal, Esabi̇ Başaran Kurbanoğlu Jan 2013

Characterization, Antifungal Activity, And Cell Immobilization Of A Chitinase From Serratia Marcescens Mo-1, Sezer Okay, Murat Özdal, Esabi̇ Başaran Kurbanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Chitinases have the potential to control many pathogen species, such as fungi containing chitin on their cell walls. In the present study, chitinase from novel isolate Serratia marcescens MO-1, isolated from Poecilimon tauricola (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Turkey, was investigated. The optimum pH and temperature for the chitinase activity were found to be pH 7.0 (36.6 U/mL) and 50 °C (37.1 U/mL), respectively. Moreover, the activity was still high in acidic (23.0 U/mL at pH 3.0) and basic (17.3 U/mL at pH 11.0) conditions as well as at lower (29.5 U/mL at 20 °C) and higher (28.7 U/mL at 80 °C) …

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Biopotential Of Verbesina Encelioides (Stem And Leaf Powders) In Silver Nanoparticle Fabrication, Himakshi Bhati-Kushwaha, Chander Parkash Malik Jan 2013

Biopotential Of Verbesina Encelioides (Stem And Leaf Powders) In Silver Nanoparticle Fabrication, Himakshi Bhati-Kushwaha, Chander Parkash Malik

Turkish Journal of Biology

Nanotechnology has opened new opportunities in the field of medical sciences and pharmaceuticals. Commercially, nanoparticles are in great demand in electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy, and medicine. Today in nanoparticle production green synthesis, using biological material including medicinal plants as a starting material, is in vogue. In the present investigation the powder extract (stems and leaves) of an important medicinal plant, Verbesina encelioides, was used for the biosynthesis of bionanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were screened and characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR analyses. The particles were then subjected to antimicrobial assay. Comparative analyses of the antimicrobial …

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Genetic Diversity Of Golden Root (Rhodiola Rosea L.) In Northern Norway Based On Recently Developed Ssr Markers, Zsuzsanna György, Erling Fjelldal, Anna Szabó, Paul Eric Aspholm, Andrzej Pedryc Jan 2013

Genetic Diversity Of Golden Root (Rhodiola Rosea L.) In Northern Norway Based On Recently Developed Ssr Markers, Zsuzsanna György, Erling Fjelldal, Anna Szabó, Paul Eric Aspholm, Andrzej Pedryc

Turkish Journal of Biology

Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.), an adaptogenic herb, has received increased attention in recent years. The genetic diversity of roseroot was studied with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which have not been widely used so far. Plants were collected in Finnmark County, Norway, from 10 habitats. Eight recently developed microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to assess genetic diversity. However, only 4 SSR markers were informative during this study. The primer pairs for these 4 SSR markers produced 20 fragments with an average of 5 putative alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity was 1.0 at each locus, whereas expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.60 …

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Purification And Characterization Of Trehalase From Seeds Of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.), Maimona Kord, Elhusseiny Youssef, Hanaa Ahmed, Ebtesam Qaid Jan 2013

Purification And Characterization Of Trehalase From Seeds Of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.), Maimona Kord, Elhusseiny Youssef, Hanaa Ahmed, Ebtesam Qaid

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, trehalase was purified and characterized from the seeds of Cicer arietinum L. ‘Giza 1’. Crude extract was prepared and purified for electrophoretic homogeneity using ammonium sulfate, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM Sepharose, and Sephadex G-200. The final specific activity was 7 U/mg protein, with 232-fold purification. The purified enzyme exhibited its pH optimum at 5.5. The optimum temperature was 60 °C. The determined K_m value was 3.64 mM trehalose. The enzyme activity was stimulated by 20 mM Mn^{2+}, Ni^{2+}, or Co^{2+}, while it was inhibited by 20 mM Na^+, K^+, Li^+, Ca^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Cu^{2+}, or Fe^{3+}. Zn^{2+} …

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Establishment And Optimization Of Cell Growth In Suspension Culture Of Papaver Bracteatum: A Biotechnology Approach For Thebaine Production, Reza Farjaminezhad, Nasser Zare, Rasool Asghari Zakaria, Manoochehr Farjaminezhad Jan 2013

Establishment And Optimization Of Cell Growth In Suspension Culture Of Papaver Bracteatum: A Biotechnology Approach For Thebaine Production, Reza Farjaminezhad, Nasser Zare, Rasool Asghari Zakaria, Manoochehr Farjaminezhad

Turkish Journal of Biology

Iranian poppy (Papaver bracteatum) is an important medicinal plant that is the main source of the opium alkaloids codeine, morphine, and thebaine. To establish an efficient protocol for cell suspension culture and growth, the effects of different plant growth regulators (2,4-D, NAA, BAP, and kinetin) on callus induction and cell suspension culture of Iranian poppy were evaluated. The maximum percentage of callus induction (86.67%) and fresh weight of callus were obtained in MS medium supplemented with 1 or 2 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.1 or 0.2 mg/L kinetin and 15 mg/L ascorbic acid. The addition of 15 mg/L ascorbic acid to the …

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Micropropagation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb., A Threatened Aromatic Medicinal Plant, Shamima Akhtar Sharmin, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Md. Mominul Islam Sheikh, Rashed Zaman, Muhammad Khalekuzzaman, Sanjoy Chandra Mondal, Mohammad Anwarul Haque, Mohammad Firoz Alam, Iftekhar Alam Jan 2013

Micropropagation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb., A Threatened Aromatic Medicinal Plant, Shamima Akhtar Sharmin, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Md. Mominul Islam Sheikh, Rashed Zaman, Muhammad Khalekuzzaman, Sanjoy Chandra Mondal, Mohammad Anwarul Haque, Mohammad Firoz Alam, Iftekhar Alam

Turkish Journal of Biology

A rapid and improved micropropagation protocol was developed for Curcuma aromatica, a threatened aromatic medicinal plant, using rhizome sprout as the explant. Stepwise optimization of different plant growth regulators, carbon sources, and basal media was adopted to establish an efficient micropropagation protocol. When cytokinins, such as benzyl amino purine (BAP) or 6-(\alpha,\alpha-dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP), were used either singly or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for shoot induction and multiplication, a single use of BAP was the most effective. As a carbon source, 3% (w/v) sucrose exhibits the greatest promotive effect on shoot initiation and proliferation compared with other carbon …

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Cytogenetic Effects Of Endogenous Sex Hormones Depending On Smoking Habits, Handan Erboğa, Hasan Basri̇ İla Jan 2013

Cytogenetic Effects Of Endogenous Sex Hormones Depending On Smoking Habits, Handan Erboğa, Hasan Basri̇ İla

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effects of periodical hormonal fluctuations related to the menstrual cycle on chromosome sensitivity and cytotoxicity. The study group consisted of 8 healthy donors (4 nonsmokers and 4 smokers). Cytogenetic tests were done in vitro (in test tubes), and the known mutagenic effect of mitomycin C was added to determine chromosome sensitivity. Blood was drawn from the donors at specified time intervals (follicular phase, ovulation phase, and luteal phase), and control groups and mitomycin C-treated groups were formed. In the controls, the highest sister chromatid exchange frequency was detected in the …

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In Vitro Mutagenesis Of Etlingera Elatior (Jack) And Early Detection Of Mutation Using Rapd Markers, Muhamad Fahmi Yunus, Maheran Abd Aziz, Mihdzar Abdul Kadir, Siti Khalijah Daud, Azmi Abdul Rashid Jan 2013

In Vitro Mutagenesis Of Etlingera Elatior (Jack) And Early Detection Of Mutation Using Rapd Markers, Muhamad Fahmi Yunus, Maheran Abd Aziz, Mihdzar Abdul Kadir, Siti Khalijah Daud, Azmi Abdul Rashid

Turkish Journal of Biology

Mutation breeding techniques in combination with tissue culture and molecular marker methods provide a powerful tool for improvement of vegetatively propagated plants. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for shoot regeneration and mutation induction of Etlingera elatior. The results of irradiation on in vitro buds of E. elatior showed LD_{50} to be 10 Gy, with the survival of explants being sharply reduced at this dosage. All 8 selected gamma irradiated regenerants were differentiated from the untreated control based on the banding patterns obtained using 9 primers, which generated 59 reproducible bands, whereby 35 (55.31%) were found …

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Improving In Vitro Leaf Disk Regeneration System Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) With Concurrent Shoot/Root Induction From Somatic Embryos, Muhammad Nawaz, Ihsan Ullah, Naeem Iqbal, Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal, Muhammad Aslam Javed Jan 2013

Improving In Vitro Leaf Disk Regeneration System Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) With Concurrent Shoot/Root Induction From Somatic Embryos, Muhammad Nawaz, Ihsan Ullah, Naeem Iqbal, Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal, Muhammad Aslam Javed

Turkish Journal of Biology

Genome engineering experiments are impeded by poor performance of regeneration systems. The present study was aimed at establishing a short and cost-effective in vitro regeneration system for elite sugarcane cultivars through simultaneous shoot/root induction. The innermost spindle leaf and shoot tip were used as explants. For callus induction, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was used and 5.0 mg/L of 2,4-D supported maximum callus induction (84.5%). Three-week-old calli were treated with different levels of benzylaminopurine (BAP) ranging from 0.00 to 3.5 mg/L in MS medium, where 2.5 mg/L BAP was proven to be the best level …

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The S-Genotyping Of Wild-Grown Apricots Reveals Only Self-Incompatible Accessions In The Erzincan Region Of Turkey, Julia Halasz, Attila Hegedus, Bernadett Szikriszt, Sezai̇ Erci̇şli̇, Emi̇ne Orhan, Hakan Murat Ünlü Jan 2013

The S-Genotyping Of Wild-Grown Apricots Reveals Only Self-Incompatible Accessions In The Erzincan Region Of Turkey, Julia Halasz, Attila Hegedus, Bernadett Szikriszt, Sezai̇ Erci̇şli̇, Emi̇ne Orhan, Hakan Murat Ünlü

Turkish Journal of Biology

The S-genotypes of 63 wild-growing Turkish apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) were determined by PCR amplification of the S-RNase intron regions and SFB gene in order to characterise their sexual (in)compatibility phenotype. We determined the complete S-genotype of 63 wild-grown apricot accessions that originated in the Erzincan region. Ten previously described and 2 new S-alleles (provisionally labelled S_X and S_Y) were identified in the genotypes. S_2 was the most frequent S-allele in the tested germplasm (occurred in 19 accessions), followed by S_8 (17), S_{19} (16), S_3 (13), S_{12} (11), S_6 (10), and S_7 (10); while S_{9}-, S_{11}-, and S_{13}-alleles were found …

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Evaluation Of Phytotoxic And Mutagenic Effects Of Some Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Using The Triticum Test, Alexandra Jitareanu, Silvica Padureanu, Gabriela Tataringa, Cristina Tuchilus, Ursula Stanescu Jan 2013

Evaluation Of Phytotoxic And Mutagenic Effects Of Some Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Using The Triticum Test, Alexandra Jitareanu, Silvica Padureanu, Gabriela Tataringa, Cristina Tuchilus, Ursula Stanescu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Five cinnamic acid derivatives [cinnamic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-phenyl-propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromophenyl)-propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid, and 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid] were found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and their minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined (100 µg/mL). The first step in assessing their toxicological potential was the phytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation on Triticum aestivum. Wheat seeds were exposed to solutions of the tested compounds (100 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The development of roots and seedlings, germination percentage, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, and total polyphenol content were analyzed. The substances caused in most experimental cases a slight inhibition in the growth of …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2013

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2013

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Toxicity Of Native Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates On The Larval Stages Of Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea Wilkinsoni At Different Temperatures, Semi̇h Yilmaz, Sali̇h Karabörklü, Uğur Azi̇zoğlu, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Mi̇kai̇l Akbulut, Musa Yildiz Jan 2013

Toxicity Of Native Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates On The Larval Stages Of Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea Wilkinsoni At Different Temperatures, Semi̇h Yilmaz, Sali̇h Karabörklü, Uğur Azi̇zoğlu, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Mi̇kai̇l Akbulut, Musa Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Pine processionary moth, Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni Tams, is an important defoliating lepidopteran pest of pine trees. The aim of this study was to determine the required spore-crystal concentration of local Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates, optimal ambient temperature, and larval stage to control this troublesome forest pest. The susceptibility of T. wilkinsoni larvae decreased with older stage and lower temperatures. The optimum temperature was found to be 15 °C or higher for the control of early larval stages. At the highest spore-crystal concentration (500 µg g^{-1}), the most effective isolate (SY49.1) caused 83% mortality for the second-stage larvae at 5 °C. However, …

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Interactions Of Meloidogyne Incognita, Xanthomonas Campestris, And Rhizobium Sp. In The Disease Complex Of Chickpea, Zaki Anwar Siddiqui, Munavvar Fatima, Subha Alam Jan 2013

Interactions Of Meloidogyne Incognita, Xanthomonas Campestris, And Rhizobium Sp. In The Disease Complex Of Chickpea, Zaki Anwar Siddiqui, Munavvar Fatima, Subha Alam

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of Meloidogyne incognita, Xanthomonas campestris, and Rhizobium sp., alone or in combination, on the disease complex in chickpea were examined. Individual inoculation with M. incognita and X. campestris caused significant reductions in plant growth, while inoculation with Rhizobium sp. resulted in a significant increase in plant growth. Inoculation with M. incognita and X. campestris together caused a greater reduction in plant growth than the damage caused by each of them alone. Application of M. incognita or X. campestris prior to Rhizobium sp. caused a greater reduction in plant growth than Rhizobium sp. applied prior to M. incognita or …

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Effect Of Sewage Sludge On Metal Content Of Grassland Soil And Herbage In Semiarid Lands, Ösmetullah Arvas, Bi̇lal Keski̇n, İbrahi̇m Hakki Yilmaz Jan 2013

Effect Of Sewage Sludge On Metal Content Of Grassland Soil And Herbage In Semiarid Lands, Ösmetullah Arvas, Bi̇lal Keski̇n, İbrahi̇m Hakki Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Utilization for agriculture is one of the main disposal methods for sewage sludge. Subirrigated pastures are close to settlements and under intensive usage. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sewage sludge on subirrigated pasture soil and plant metal concentrations, and the relationship between them. Activated sewage sludge was applied to surface grassland at 25, 50, 75, and 100 t ha^{-1} year^{-1} treatments for 2 years. The concentration of all metals in topsoil (0-20 cm) increased depending on application dosages, but only Zn concentration increased in subsoil (20-40 cm) consistently. While in the second year the …

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Mitigation Effects Of Glycinebetaine On Oxidative Stress And Some Key Growth Parameters Of Maize Exposed To Salt Stress, Cengi̇z Kaya, Osman Sönmez, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş Jan 2013

Mitigation Effects Of Glycinebetaine On Oxidative Stress And Some Key Growth Parameters Of Maize Exposed To Salt Stress, Cengi̇z Kaya, Osman Sönmez, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of glycinebetaine (GB) on oxidative stress and some key growth parameters in maize (Zea mays L. 'DK 647 F1') grown under saline conditions. Maize seedlings were grown in pots containing perlite. The experiment was designed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels (0 and 100 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) and 2 levels (25 and 50 mM) of GB sprayed onto leaves of maize seedlings. Saline stress caused a considerable decline in total dry matter, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), peroxidase (POD; EC. 1.11.1.7), and …

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Effects Of Agronomic Practices On The Physico-Chemical Properties Of Soil Waters In Rice Culture, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz, Guilhem Bourrie, Fabienne Trolard, Jean-Claude Mouret, Pierre Henry Jan 2013

Effects Of Agronomic Practices On The Physico-Chemical Properties Of Soil Waters In Rice Culture, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz, Guilhem Bourrie, Fabienne Trolard, Jean-Claude Mouret, Pierre Henry

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Lowland rice cultivation under hydromorphic conditions is a very dynamic system due to continuous rhizospheric interactions and these interactions are largely influenced by anthropic interventions. Understanding of continuous biogeochemical changes and the effects of environmentally friendly residue management practices on this system is crucial for the sustainability of rice culture. Two rice-cultivated plots with different residue management practices-one with buried residues and the other with burnt residues-were studied by in situ monitoring of the soil solution to understand the quick changes in the dynamic medium of rice culture. In this study, 2 multiparametric probes, each consisting of measurement cells and …

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Effect Of Geographical Variation On The Sugar Composition Of The Oriental Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky), Deni̇z Güney, Zehra Duygu Bak, Fatma Aydinoğlu, İbrahi̇m Turna, Fai̇k Ahmet Ayaz Jan 2013

Effect Of Geographical Variation On The Sugar Composition Of The Oriental Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky), Deni̇z Güney, Zehra Duygu Bak, Fatma Aydinoğlu, İbrahi̇m Turna, Fai̇k Ahmet Ayaz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Geographical variation in soluble sugar concentrations in seeds from oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees of different origins in Turkey was determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The results demonstrated that the most significant soluble sugars, in order of importance, were sucrose, glucose, and fructose. All free sugars varied significantly (P < 0.05) within and among populations. In general, both total and soluble sugar levels tended to be higher in northern populations compared to southern ones. Cluster and discriminant analyses divided seed sources into 3 distinct groups corresponding to a north, south, and west division of oriental beech populations.

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Effects Of Adding Crown Variables In Stem Taper And Volume Predictions For Black Pine, Ramazan Özçeli̇k, Cafer Bal Jan 2013

Effects Of Adding Crown Variables In Stem Taper And Volume Predictions For Black Pine, Ramazan Özçeli̇k, Cafer Bal

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Crown characteristics are an important component of growth and yield models. The stem form of a tree depends to a large extent on the tree crown dimensions. However, there is no unified agreement on whether crown variables (crown ratio and crown length) should be incorporated into taper models for accurate predictions of diameter and volume. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of improvement that the incorporation of crown variables into taper equations for black pine (Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) gives to diameter and stem volume predictions. Linear and nonlinear crown variable functions were …

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The Effects Of Heartwood And Sapwood On Kraft Pulp Properties Of Pinus Nigra J.F.Arnold And Abies Bornmuelleriana Mattf., Yasi̇n Ataç, Hüdaverdi̇ Eroğlu Jan 2013

The Effects Of Heartwood And Sapwood On Kraft Pulp Properties Of Pinus Nigra J.F.Arnold And Abies Bornmuelleriana Mattf., Yasi̇n Ataç, Hüdaverdi̇ Eroğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of heartwood and sapwood on kraft pulp properties of Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold. and Abies bornmuelleriana Mattf. were investigated. The differences in terms of chemical composition and fiber properties between the heartwood and sapwood of these species were also examined. Heartwood had more holocellulose and extractive compared to sapwood. Moreover, heartwood fiber length was shorter than that of sapwood. Kraft cookings of heartwood and sapwood each species were separately done under fixed cooking conditions. The results indicated that heartwood pulp had lower pulp viscosity and total pulp yield than sapwood did. The tear index of sapwood unbeaten and beaten …

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Support Vector Machines In Wood Identification: The Case Of Three Salix Species From Turkey, Kemal Turhan, Bedri̇ Serdar Jan 2013

Support Vector Machines In Wood Identification: The Case Of Three Salix Species From Turkey, Kemal Turhan, Bedri̇ Serdar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study was to use a support vector machine (SVM) for the first time as a predictive method for differentiating species of Salix wood through the biometric analysis of their anatomy using wood taken from basal disks of 3 species. The purpose of a SVM is to construct optimal decision boundaries among classes in a decision plane. A decision plane separates a set of objects having different class memberships. In this study, the decision plane has 3 different wood species. Timely and accurate identification of tree species can be crucial in forestry. The similarity of structures in …

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Control Of Lodging And Reduction In Plant Length In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) With The Treatment Of Trinexapac-Ethyl And Sowing Density, Rasi̇m Ünan, İsmai̇l Sezer, Mevlüt Şahi̇n, Luis A. J. Mur Jan 2013

Control Of Lodging And Reduction In Plant Length In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) With The Treatment Of Trinexapac-Ethyl And Sowing Density, Rasi̇m Ünan, İsmai̇l Sezer, Mevlüt Şahi̇n, Luis A. J. Mur

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the effects of the plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (TE) combined with different sowing densities on field-grown rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant length, lodging, and grain yield were evaluated over 2 growing seasons. Two different rice cultivars (Karadeniz and Osmancik-97), 3 different sowing densities (400, 500, and 600 seeds m^{-2}), and 4 different doses of TE (0, 100, 200, and 300 g ai ha^{-1}) were compared. The experiments were designed in a randomized block design in factorial ordering with 3 replicates. An increase in sowing density led to an increase of lodging, but it did not have a …

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