Digital Commons Network^™

Thinking Outside Of The Box: Why Prisons Are Only Part Of The Solution, John C. Rapone

Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Embryonic Stage: Younger V. Harris And Proceedings Of Substance On The Merits In The Context Of Preliminary Injunctive Relief, Jarrod L. Schaeffer

Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy

No abstract provided.

Criminal Law - Duress: No Defense To Murder: - Commonwealth V. Vasquez, 971 N.E.2d 783 (Mass. 2012), George K. Bullen

Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy

No abstract provided.

The Normative And Historical Cases For Proportional Deportation, Angela M. Banks

Emory Law Journal

Is citizenship status a legitimate basis for allocating rights in the United States?

Privatization And Its Discontents, Alex Kozinski, Andrew Bentz

Emory Law Journal

The question of what government should control exclusively and what it should delegate to private entities is as old as government itself. Though privatization is nothing new, it's becoming an increasingly important issue as government gets bigger and its functions multiply. As the pressure to privatize increases, we must be mindful of its advantages and pitfalls.

Prison Accountability And Performance Measures, Alexander Volokh

Emory Law Journal

A few decades of comparative studies of public vs. private prison performance have failed to give a strong edge to either sector in terms of quality. That supposed market incentives haven't delivered spectacular results is unsurprising, since, by and large, market incentives haven't been allowed to work: outcomes are rarely measured and are even more rarely made the basis of compensation, and prison providers are rarely given substantial flexibility to experiment with alternative models.

Communicator, Winter 2013, Wneu Alumni Association

Alumni Magazines

No abstract provided.

2013-2014 Graduate Bulletin, Rochester Institute Of Technology

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

“The Reclaiming Hand Of Sympathetic Benevolence”: The Juvenile Justice Reform Movements In The United States And England, C. 1815 To C. 1910, Jennifer Parry

History Honors Papers

No abstract provided.

Arrested By The Image, Alison Young

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Goals Of The Youth To Youth Guide To The Ged®, Tasos Neofotistos, Travion K. Joseph, Jovon Smith, Joni Schwartz, John Powell, Eve Tuck

Open Educational Resources

This is a youth to youth guide to the GED. Written for and by youth it is a learner-centered tool for understand choices and options around the GED.

Conclusion [To The Youth To Youth Guide To The Ged®], Tasos Neofotistos, Jovon Smith, Travion K. Joseph, Joni Schwartz, John Powell, Eve Tuck

Open Educational Resources

This is a youth to youth guide to the GED. Written for and by youth it is a learner-centered tool for understand choices and options around the GED.

Advice From A Ged® Educator, Joni Schwartz

Open Educational Resources

This is a youth to youth guide to the GED. Written for and by youth it is a learner-centered tool for understand choices and options around the GED.

What Do Youth Know About The Ged® Before They Join A Ged® Program?, Joni Schwartz, John Powell

Open Educational Resources

This is a youth to youth guide to the GED. Written for and by youth it is a learner-centered tool for understand choices and options around the GED.

Research Brief One-Sheet No.6: Officers Arrested For Drunk Driving, Philip M. Stinson, John Liederbach, Steven L. Brewer, Natalie E. Todak

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Cases involving police who drive drunk are part of the larger problem of driving under the influence (DUI). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that alcohol-impaired traffic accidents kill over 10,000 people annually, accounting for nearly one-third of all traffic-related deaths in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). But, cases that involve police who drive drunk (or, Police DUIs) should also be recognized as a phenomenon that presents unique problems. Police DUI's have the potential to weaken public trust and the legitimacy of strategies designed to mitigate drunk driving, because the drunk driver in …

Enforcing The Aba Guidelines In Capital State Post-Conviction Proceedings After Martinez And Pinholster, Eric M. Freedman

Hofstra Law Review

This piece, published in Part 1 of Hofstra Law Review’s symposium marking the tenth anniversary of the ABA’s Guidelines for the Appointment and Performance of Defense Counsel in Death Penalty Cases, considers the converging pressures now impelling the states to provide the effective assistance of counsel in state capital post-conviction proceedings. On the one hand, Martinez v. Ryan, 132 S. Ct. 1309 (2012) - a case that will likely be expanded to a number of additional procedural and substantive contexts - warns the states that if they fail to provide such counsel, their capital convictions will be subject to searching …

Improving State Capital Counsel Systems Through Use Of The Aba Guidelines, Robin M. Maher

Hofstra Law Review

The article discusses the reported efforts to improve state capital punishment counsel systems through the use of the American Bar Association's (ABA's) "Guidelines for the Appointment and Performance of Defense Counsel in Death Penalty Cases" which have apparently been adopted by every active death penalty jurisdiction in the U.S. as of March 2014. America's criminal justice system and ineffective assistance of counsel claims in the U.S. are mentioned, along with various state supreme courts.

Asocial Media: Cops, Gangs, And The Internet, James R. O'Connor

Hofstra Law Review

Criminal street gangs are not a new phenomenon in America, but recent developments in technology and social interactions have changed the game -- gangs are increasingly using social media to accomplish gang objectives and commit crimes. This is no secret to law enforcement. In fact, police departments and prosecutors regularly use the Internet and social media networks to obtain incriminating evidence against gang members -- evidence that is often ruled admissible in court. Although the majority of the information seized in these investigations is highly personal and profoundly private, the details of the government’s specific data-collection and data-storage practices remain …

The Development Of China's Death Penalty Representation Guidelines: A Learning Model Based On The Aba Guidelines For The Appointment And Performance Of Defense Counsel In Death Penalty Cases, Jie Yang

Hofstra Law Review

The article discusses the development of death penalty legal representation guidelines in China based on the American Bar Association's "Guidelines for the Appointment and Performance of Defense Counsel in Death Penalty Cases" as of 2014. According to the article, law professors, legal advocates, and defense attorneys in China collaborated on the creation of a code for lawyers who represent defendants in death penalty cases. China’s Supreme People’s Court and defendants' rights are examined.

Justice League? Depictions Of Justice In Children’S Superhero Cartoons, Lisa A. Kort-Butler

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The literature argues that media depictions of criminal justice present messages that conform to and promote the dominant ideology about the crime problem and how to solve it. Research has focused on television news and adult programs, but little research has examined messages about justice present in children’s shows. To fill this gap, an ethnographic content analysis of children’s cartoons was conducted, using a sample of episodes from Batman: The Animated Series, Spider-Man, and Justice League Unlimited. Several themes emerged. First, the justice system is often depicted as ill equipped to handle serious crime. Second, story lines suggested that the …

Theory, Measurement And Hard Times: Some Issues For Hiv/Aids Research, Samuel R. Friedman, Milagros Sandoval, Pedro Mateu-Gelabert, Diana Rossi, Marya Gwadz, Kirk Dombrowski, Pavlo Smyrnov, Tetyana Basylyeva, Enrique R. Pouget, David Perlman

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Economic and political instability and related “big events” are widespread throughout the globe. Although they sometimes lead to epidemic HIV outbreaks, sometimes they do not—and we do not understand why. Current behavioural theories do not adequately address these processes, and thus cannot provide optimal guidance for effective intervention. Based in part on a critique of our prior “pathways” model of big events, we suggest that cultural–historical activity theory (CHAT) may provide a useful framework for HIV research in this area. Using CHAT concepts, we also suggest a number of areas in which new measures should be developed to make such …

Out On The Land: Income, Subsistence Activities, And Food Sharing Networks In Nain, Labrador, Kirk Dombrowski, Emily Channell, Bilal Khan, Joshua Moses, Evan Misshula

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

In recent Inuit ethnography, a major concern has been how and to what extent contemporary Inuit participate in and depend on subsistence activities, particularly in the context of increasing wage employment and growing participation in the cash economy. This paper provides an analysis of these activities in the predominately Inuit community of Nain, Labrador. Using social network data and demographic information collected between January and June 2010, we examine the interconnections between subsistence activities—obtaining “country food” through activities such as hunting, fishing, and collecting—with access to the means of obtaining subsistence resources (such as snow mobiles, cabins, and boats), employment …

Poor People Lose: Gideon And The Critique Of Rights, Paul D. Butler

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

A low income person is more likely to be prosecuted and imprisoned post-Gideon than pre-Gideon. Poor people lose in American criminal justice not because they have ineffective lawyers but because they are selectively targeted by police, prosecutors, and law makers. The critique of rights suggests that rights are indeterminate and regressive. Gideon demonstrates this critique: it has not improved the situation of most poor people, and in some ways has worsened their plight. Gideon provides a degree of legitimacy for the status quo. Even full enforcement of Gideon would not significantly improve the loser status of low-income …

Confronting Criminal Law’S Violence: The Possibilities Of Unfinished Alternatives, Allegra M. Mcleod

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Confronting criminal law’s violence calls for an openness to unfinished alternatives — a willingness to engage in partial, in process, incomplete reformist efforts that seek to displace conventional criminal law administration as a primary mechanism for social order maintenance. But despite all indications that the status quo in U.S. criminal law administration is profoundly dysfunctional — an institutional manifestation of the deepest pathologies in our society — contemporary criminal law reform efforts and scholarship focus almost exclusively on relatively limited modifications to the status quo. These modifications may well render criminal law administration more humane, but fail to substitute alternative …

Black Male Exceptionalism? The Problems And Potential Of Black Male-Focused Interventions, Paul D. Butler

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

“Black male exceptionalism” is the premise that African American men fare more poorly than any other group in the United States. The discourse of Black male exceptionalism presents African American men as an “endangered species.” Some government agencies, foundations, and activists have responded by creating “Black male achievement” programs. There are almost no corresponding “Black female achievement” programs. Yet empirical data does not support the claim that Black males are burdened more than Black females. Without attention to intersectionality, Black male achievement programs risk obscuring Black females and advancing patriarchal values. Black male achievement programs also risk reinforcing stereotypes that …

Liberal Responsibilities, Robin West

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This essay is a review of When the State Speaks, What Should it Say?: How Democracies can Protect Expression and Promote Equality by Corey Brettschneider (2012) and Ordered Liberty: Rights, Responsibilities, and Virtues by James E. Fleming & Linda C. McClain (2013).

In a parallel fashion, Fleming and McClain articulate and then defend a general conception of “constitutional liberalism” and its core individual rights against various critics, including communitarians such as Mary Ann Glendon and Michael Sandel, and “minimalists” such as Cass Sunstein and Jeremy Waldron, who argue that for various reasons those individual rights have undermined either civic society …

Commencement Program (June 2013), Csusb

CSUSB Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Fingerprints Of Apartheid Residual Effects Of The Former South African Government On Current Dna Legislation, Alex D'Amico

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

"We Are Left To Rot": Arbitrary And Excessive Pretrial Detention In Bolivia, Aya Fujimura-Fanselow, Elisabeth Wickeri

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Uv-Visible Microscope Spectrophotometric Polarization And Dichroism With Increased Discrimination Power In Forensic Analysis, Dale Kevin Purcell

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Microanalysis of transfer (Trace) evidence is the application of a microscope and microscopical techniques for the collection, observation, documentation, examination, identification, and discrimination of micrometer sized particles or domains. Microscope spectrophotometry is the union of microscopy and spectroscopy for microanalysis. Analytical microspectroscopy is the science of studying the emission, reflection, transmission, and absorption of electromagnetic radiation to determine the structure or chemical composition of microscopic-size materials. Microscope spectrophotometry instrument designs have evolved from monochromatic illumination which transmitted through the microscope and sample and then is detected by a photometer detector (photomultiplier tube) to systems in which broad-band (white light) illumination …