Digital Commons Network^™

Fault Management For Service-Oriented Systems, Amal Alhosban

Wayne State University Dissertations

Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs) enable the automatic creation of business applications from independently developed and deployed Web services. As Web services are inherently unreliable,

how to deliver reliable Web services composition over unreliable Web services is a significant and challenging problem. The process requires monitoring the system's behavior, determining when and why faults occur, and then applying fault prevention/recovery mechanisms to minimize the impact and/or recover from these faults. However, it is hard to apply a non-distributed management

approach to SOA, since a manager needs to communicate with the different components through authentications. In SOA, a business process can terminate …

Modeling Of Mouse Eye And Errors In Ocular Parameters Affecting Refractive State, Gurinder Bawa

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

MODELING OF MOUSE EYE AND ERRORS IN OCULAR PARAMETERS AFFECTING REFRACTIVE STATE

by

GURINDER BAWA

September 2013

Advisor: Dr. Ivan Avrutsky

Major: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Rodents eye are particularly used to study refractive error state of an eye and development of refractive eye. Genetic organization of rodents is similar to that of humans, which makes them interesting candidates to be researched upon. From rodents family mice models are encouraged over rats because of availability of genetically engineered models. Despite of extensive work that has been performed on mice and rat models, still no one is able …

Experimental Investigation And Development Of An Extended Two Color Method (Etcm) With Application To Internal Combustion Engines, Elena Florea

Wayne State University Dissertations

The internal combustion engine is on a continuous path of improvement to reduce exhaust gaseous emissions and improve fuel economy. While recent trends in diesel engine development have lowered the EGR requirements, future regulatory pressure will likely result in a reversed trend in the future.

Given this, it is of interest to improve the application range of diagnostic tools such as the two color method (TCM) typically used in evaluating the properties of engine soot, such as temperature and volume fraction. This optical diagnostic method relies on the use of the light emitted by the soot particles along with a …

Supporting Text Retrieval Query Formulation In Software Engineering, Sonia Cristina Haiduc

Wayne State University Dissertations

The text found in software artifacts captures important information. Text Retrieval (TR) techniques have been successfully used to leverage this information. Despite their advantages, the success of TR techniques strongly depends on the textual queries given as input. When poorly chosen queries are used, developers can waste time investigating irrelevant results.

The quality of a query indicates the relevance of the results returned by TR in response to the query and can give an indication if the results are worth investigating or a reformulation of the query should be sought instead. Knowing the quality of the query could lead to …

Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Muhammad A. Farooq, Tammy M. Pracheil, Zhejun Dong, Fei Xiao, Zhengchang Liu

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Aconitase, the second enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle encoded by ACO1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. aco1 Delta results in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability. It has been proposed that Aco1 binds to mtDNA and mediates its maintenance. Here we propose an alternative mechanism to account for mtDNA loss in aco1 Delta mutant cells. We found that aco1 Delta activated the RTG pathway, resulting in increased expression of genes encoding citrate synthase. By deleting RTG1, RTG3, or genes encoding citrate synthase, mtDNA instability was prevented in aco1 Delta mutant …

Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Zhengchang Liu, Fei Xiao, Zhejun Dong, Tammy Pracheil, Muhammad Farooq

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Aconitase, the second enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle encoded by ACO1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. aco1Δ results in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability. It has been proposed that Aco1 binds to mtDNA and mediates its maintenance. Here we propose an alternative mechanism to account for mtDNA loss in aco1Δ mutant cells. We found that aco1Δ activated the RTG pathway, resulting in increased expression of genes encoding citrate synthase. By deleting RTG1, RTG3, or genes encoding citrate synthase, mtDNA instability was prevented in aco1Δ mutant cells. Increased activity of citrate synthase leads …

Sci-Tech Book News Reviews, Susan Fingerman

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Vol. 67, Issue 1

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Assessing Continuous Contamination Discharge From A Combined Sewer Outfall (Cso) Into A Tidal Wetland Creek: Bacteriological And Heavy Metals Indicators, Timothy Eaton, Gregory D. O'Mullan, Ashaki A. Rouff

Publications and Research

Continuous discharge from a combined sewer overflow (CSO) into a tidal wetland creek in the New York City urban area was analyzed to assess the extent of water quality degradation from fecal bacteria contamination during both dry and wet weather. A combination of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), total suspended solids, and dissolved metals were used to infer the presence of sewage pollution from the CSO discharge and to constrain the spatial and temporal impact on water quality and dry season creek flows. Upstream of the CSO, creek flow was dominated by groundwater input, and FIB levels were very low or …

Impacts Of Elevated Co2 Concentration On The Productivity And Surface Energy Budget Of The Soybean And Maize Agroecosystem In The Midwest Usa, Tracy E. Twine, Jarod J. Bryant, Katherine T. Richter, Carl J. Bernacchi, Kelly D. Mcconnaughay, Sherri J. Morris, Andrew D. B. Leakey

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The physiological response of vegetation to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO₂]) modifies productivity and surface energy and water fluxes. Quantifying this response is required for assessments of future climate change. Many global climate models account for this response; however, significant uncertainty remains in model simulations of this vegetation response and its impacts. Data from in situ field experiments provide evidence that previous modeling studies may have overestimated the increase in productivity at elevated [CO₂], and the impact on large-scale water cycling is largely unknown. We parameterized the Agro-IBIS dynamic global vegetation model with observations from …

Characteristics Of And Strategies Used By Principals Who Promote Academic Success In Title I Classified Schools, Kimberly Kay Cohen

Dissertations

This research is an attempt to explore the various strategies employed by the principals of Title I schools in order to foster an environment of student progress and achievement. Since the inception of the NCLB Act, pressures have been increasing on the schools, especially on Title I Schools, and on their principals to increase academic performance. The researcher selected four Title I Schools and used questionnaires for teachers and interviews for principals to explore the answer to the research questions. The research philosophy acknowledges both the mainstream approaches of positivism and interpretivism and follows a mixed methods approach. The sample …

Early Transition Metal Ccc-Nhc Pincer Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, And Catalysis, Theodore Rudy Helgert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The previously reported amine elimination methodology for the metalation of CCC-NHC pincer ligand precursors has been extended to other early-transition metals and ligands. Specifically, synthetic results for the preparation of imidazole based CCC-NHC pincer Ti (IV), CCC-NHC pincer Ta (V) will be discussed. In addition, the synthesis of a new triazole based CCC-NHC pincer ligand precursor and its metalation with Ta (V) will be presented. Coordination sphere manipulation of the new pincer complexes using TMSCl for the Ti complex and lithium t-butylamide for the Ta complexes is also discussed. The reaction of the initial Ta CCC-NHC complex with lithium t-butylamide …

Geomorphic-Vegetation Relationships Using A Geopedological Classification System, Northern Chihuahuan Desert, Usa, G.A. Michaud, H.C. Monger, D.L. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Drylands typically have distinctive vegetative patterns that reflect the underlying physical landscape. We use a geopedological classification to organize the landscape into five categories from broad scale to fine scale: (1) physiographic divisions which describe regional topography, such as mountains and basin floors; (2) regolith type which identifies residuum versus transported sediments; (3) parent materials which describe mineralogy; (4) landforms which provide meso-scale descriptions of topography; and (5) soil texture, a fine-scale variable important for infiltration, erodibility, and available water holding capacity. The study was conducted in a 1753 km² area of the White Sands Missile Range and …

Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Infrared Techniques: A Mini-Review, Feng Xu, Jianming Yu, Tesfaye Tesso, Floyd Dowell, Donghai Wang

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Current wet chemical methods for biomass composition analysis using two-step sulfuric acid hydrolysis are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to provide structural information about biomass. Infrared techniques provide fast, low-cost analysis, are non-destructive, and have shown promising results. Chemometric analysis has allowed researchers to perform qualitative and quantitative study of biomass with both near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy. This review summarizes the progress and applications of infrared techniques in biomass study, and compares the infrared and the wet chemical methods for composition analysis. In addition to reviewing recent studies of biomass structure and composition, we also discuss the progress and prospects for …

Altered Physiology, Cell Structure, And Gene Expression Of Theobroma Cacao Seedlings Subjected To Cu Toxicity, Vânia L. Souza, Alex-Alan F. De Almeida, Jadiel De S. Souza, Pedro A. O. Mangabeira, Raildo M. De Jesus, Carlos P. Pirovani, Dário Ahnert, Virupax C. Baligar, Leandro L. Loguercio

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Seedlings of Theobroma cacao CCN 51 genotype were grown under greenhouse conditions and exposed to increasing concentrations of Cu (0.005, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg Cu L⁻¹) in nutrient solution. When doses were equal or higher than 8mg Cu L⁻¹, after 24 h of treatment application, leaf gas exchange was highly affected and changes in chloroplasts thylakoids of leaf mesophyll cells and plasmolysis of cells from the root cortical region were observed. In addition, cell membranes of roots and leaves were damaged. In leaves, 96 h after treatments started, increases in the percentage …

Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission In Few-Mode Fibers, Neng Bai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As a promising candidate to break the single-mode fiber capacity limit, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) explores the spatial dimension to increase transmission capacity in fiberoptic communication. Two linear impairments, namely loss and multimode interference, present fundamental challenges to implementing MDM. In this dissertation, techniques to resolve these two issues are presented. To de-multiplex signals subject to multimode interference in MDM, Multiple-InputMultiple-Output (MIMO) processing using adaptive frequency-domain equalization (FDE) is proposed and investigated. Both simulations and experiments validate that FDE can reduce the algorithmic complexity significantly in comparison with the conventional time-domain equalization (TDE) while achieving similar performance as TDE. To further …

Development Of Thulium Fiber Lasers For High Average Power And High Peak Power Operation, Robert Sims

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

High power thulium fiber lasers are useful for a number of applications in both continuous-wave and pulsed operating regimes. The use of thulium as a dopant has recently gained interest due to its large bandwidth, possibility of high efficiency, possibility of high power and long wavelength ~1.8 – 2.1 μm. The longer emission wavelength of Tm-doped fiber lasers compared to Yb- and/or Er-doped fiber lasers creates the possibility for higher peak power operation due to the larger nonlinear thresholds and reduced nonlinear phase accumulation. One primary interest in Tm-doped fiber lasers has been to scale to high average powers; however, …

Descriptive Statistical Attributes Of Special Education Datasets, Valerie Felder

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Descriptive Statistical Attributes of Special Education Data Sets

by

VALERIE FELDER

December 2013

Advisor: Dr. Shlomo Sawilowsky

Major: Educational Evaluation and Research

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Micceri (1989) examined the distributional characteristics of 440 large-sample achievement and psychometric measures. All the distributions were found to be nonnormal at alpha = .01. Micceri indicated three factors that might contribute to a non-Gaussian error distribution in the population. The first factor is subpopulations within a target population. The second factor is ceiling effects and the third factor is treatment effects that may change the location parameter, variability, or shape of the …

An Exploration Of The Perceived Academic Self-Efficacy And Locus Of Control Of Urban Students With Learning Disabilities, Olukayode Abimbola Nuga

Wayne State University Dissertations

The search for an answer to the question of the achievement gap between Black and other minority students and their White counterparts has been pervasive. This study, however, reframes the question not by using the White student as a frame of reference against which to make the comparison but by using the Black student himself. Therefore, relying on some scholarly work that found that studies of achievement within ethnic groups yielded far more significant results than between groups, the study focused on a comparison of the academic achievement between urban Black students with learning disabilities and their typical peers. The …

Effect Of Personalized Instruction On The Achievement Of Solving Mathematical Word Problems, Danica Vukmirovic

Wayne State University Dissertations

Graduation rates are negatively affected by college learners' inability to demonstrate proficiency in mathematics. The purpose of this research study was to determine the effect of individual personalized mathematical instruction on the achievement of solving mathematical word problems by undergraduates enrolled in a college mathematics course. As well, the effect of individual personalized mathematical instruction on undergraduate motivation to solve mathematical word problems was also examined.

The research undertaken was a true experimental post-test only, control group design that took place over three consecutive weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental …

A Relevance Feedback-Based System For Quickly Narrowing Biomedical Literature Search Result, Massuod Hassan Alatrash

Wayne State University Dissertations

The online literature is an important source that helps people find the information. The quick increase of online literature makes the manual search process for the most relevant information a very time-consuming task and leads to sifting through many results to find the relevant ones. The existing search engines and online databases return a list of results that satisfy the user's search criteria. The list is often too long for the user to go through every hit if he/she does not exactly know what he/she wants or/and does not have time to review them one by one. My focus is …

Opacity Of Discrete Event Systems: Analysis And Control, Majed Mohamed Ben Kalefa

Wayne State University Dissertations

The exchange of sensitive information in many systems over a network can be manipulated

by unauthorized access. Opacity is a property to investigate security and

privacy problems in such systems. Opacity characterizes whether a secret information

of a system can be inferred by an unauthorized user. One approach to verify security

and privacy properties using opacity problem is to model the system that may leak confidential

information as a discrete event system. The problem that has not investigated

intensively is the enforcement of opacity properties by supervisory control. In other

words, constructing a minimally restrictive supervisor to limit the system's …

Essays On The Effects Of Oil Price Shocks On The U.S. Stock Returns, Zeina Nashaat Alsalman

Wayne State University Dissertations

This research investigates the effect of changes in oil prices and oil price volatility on the U.S. stock returns. The first essay tests whether the sign and the size of oil price shocks matter for the U.S. stock returns. The results suggest a linear model provides a good approximation to the response of real stock returns to real oil price innovations. However, this is not the case when the model is specified in terms of the nominal price of crude oil.Using a modified structural VAR to accommodate GARCH-in-Mean errors, the second essay studies the direct effects of oil price uncertainty …

Reflections Of Middle School Students By Gender And Race/Ethnicity On Obtaining A Successful Science Education, Bethany Mihalik

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Method Development Using Laser Ablation And Solution Icpms And Their Application In Environmental Science And Forensic Provenance Studies, Kaixuan Bu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) is an analytical technique that can be used to determine multiple elements and isotope ratios in a wide variety of samples. In this work, four projects are described that involve the method development using laser ablation (LA) and solution-based ICPMS and their application in environmental science and forensic (provenance) investigations. In the first project, plutonium (Pu) concentrations and 240Pu/ 239Pu atom ratios were measured in kelp, lichen, aquatic moss, and horse mussel collected on or near Amchitka Island, a former nuclear test in Alaska, and at a background site. The Pu in terrestrial and …

Sediment Control In Alluvial Rivers Using Simulation-Based Optimization, Moustafa Abdelkader Elgohry

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

During storm events in rivers and watersheds, the peak runoff may creates excess erosion and deposition in channels or river reaches and cause changes in flow characteristics and fluvial geomorphology. Severe sediment erosion such as in-stream sever bed and bank erosion or gullying can threaten the stability of in-stream hydraulic structures, river banks, levees, and underground utilities. On the other hand, large amounts of sediment deposition can significantly reduce the flow capacity of channel or reservoir and increases further possibility of flooding. Therefore, sediment control is generally required for rivers and watersheds conservation purposes to maintain stable flow systems in …

Mathematical Tasks Without Words And Word Problems: Perceptions Of Reluctant Problem Solvers, Sydney Margaret Holbert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative research study used a multiple, holistic case study approach (Yin, 2009) to explore the perceptions of reluctant problem solvers related to mathematical tasks without words and word problems. Participants were given a choice of working a mathematical task without words or a word problem during four problem-solving sessions. Data were gathered from problem-solving sessions, in the form of session transcripts, written reflections, and interviews to determine how the reluctant problem solvers perceived the problems presented in each session. Participants' views of the problems before and after working were recorded and thick descriptions of the sessions including quotes from …

Standardized Testing Placement And High School Gpa As Predictors Of Success In Remedial Math, Susan Carol Burrow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if a relationship existed between success in elementary algebra and a set of predictor variables including COMPASS score and high school GPA. Relationships for intermediate algebra and college credit accumulation over three semesters were also examined with COMPASS score and high school GPA as predictor variables. The study was conducted in a multi-campus regional rural community college in the southeast United States. The sample included 527 community college freshmen placing via COMPASS score into elementary algebra. Cases were sorted and 216 case level files were selected for study inclusion, 85% of …

Gravitational Waves From Perturbed Kerr Black Holes: Two Investigations, Zhongyang Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis includes two main projects. The first project is a study of the effect of black hole spin on the accuracy of the post-Newtonian approximation. We focus on the gravitational energy produced by the quasicircular, equatorial, extreme mass-ratio inspiral of a compact object into a Kerr black hole of mass M and spin J. For a given dimensionless spin a ≡ J/M2 (in geometrical units G = c = 1 ), the energy flux depends only on the orbital velocity v or (equivalently) on the Boyer-Lindquist orbital radius r. We investigate the formal region of validity of the Taylor …

Issue Publics Gone Wild Or The End Of Narrow Interests, Michael Calton Bowen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Issue public theory holds that individuals are more likely to base political judgments, such as the decision of who to vote for on election day, on issues that are particularly important to them. This subset of issues is presumed to be relatively small in quantity for most individuals, allowing them to specialize in information gathering and attention. There is reason to believe the nature of issue publics has significantly changed in recent years as a result of profound shifts in the information environment. Many of the traditional findings within the literature are reassessed using data primarily from the 2008 Presidential …