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Ovarian Modifications In Mice Exposed To Whole-Body Irradiation., Jacob Marion Poole

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This experiment was designed to determine the involvement of varying levels of whole-body irradiation on ovarian follicular and corpora luteal development in mice. Previous research has indicated reduced counts of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea in mice flown in space. These differences may be the result of microgravity, increased exposure to radiation, or some combination of both. Fifty-six mice were divided into three groups (apocynin-treated, nox2 knockout, and wild-type control) before exposure to 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, or 2.0 Gy radiation. The tissues were harvested, preserved, run through the appropriate paraffin embedding procedures, serially sectioned, mounted on microscope slides, and …

Putative Glucosyltransferase 11 From Citrus Paradisi: Cloning, Recombinant Expression In Yeast, And Substrate Screening., Bruce E. Williams

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Plant secondary products, which include the flavonoids, have a variety of roles in plant systems. Their roles include UV protection, antifeedant activity, pollinator attraction, stress response, and many others. Flavonoids also have effects on human physiology. Glucosylation is an important modification of many flavonoids and other plant secondary products. In grapefruit, glucosylation is important in the synthesis of the bitter compound naringin. Glucosyltransferases catalyze glucosylation reactions. Putative plant secondary product glucosyltransferases may be identified by the loosely conserved “PSPG box” amino acid sequence, and eleven have been isolated to date in Citrus paradisi. With current knowledge, however, biochemical characterization …

Spatiotemporal Smoothing As A Basis For Facial Tissue Tracking In Thermal Imaging, Yan Zhou, Panagiotis Tsiamyrtzis, Peggy Lindner, Ilya Timofeyev, Ioannis Pavlidis

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accurate tracking of facial tissue in thermal infrared imaging is challenging because it is affected not only by positional but also physiological (functional) changes. This paper presents a particle filter tracker driven by a probabilistic template function with both spatial and temporal smoothing components, which is capable of adapting to abrupt positional and physiological changes. The method was tested on tracking facial regions of subjects under varying physiological and environmental conditions in 25 thermal clips. It demonstrated robustness and accuracy, outperforming other strategies. This new method promises improved performance in a number of biomedical applications that involve physiological measurements on …

Aerodynamic And Acoustic Features Of Vocal Effort, Allison Rosenthal

Speech-Language Pathology - Theses

Many voice disorders are associated with an effortful voice; however, there have been very few studies that have examined the physiological changes that contribute to this sense of effort. Determining the factors that contribute to change in vocal effort may help clinicians to effectively target these variables when working with people with voice disorders so that voice improvement is accompanied by decreased vocal effort after treatment. Prior research has shown that alterations in aerodynamic and acoustic variables are often associated with voice disorders involving increased muscular effort, and change in these variables is correlated with abnormal voice qualities. The current …

Manipulating Aktivated Metabolism Via Mtorc1, Ivan Von Hack Prestinary

HIM 1990-2015

Although poorly understood, normal cells and cancerous cells of the same type exhibit different patterns of nutrient consumption, processing and utility of metabolic substrates. Differences in substrate uptake, preference, and alternately emphasized metabolic pathways offer opportunities for selective targeting of cancer versus stroma. This may be accomplished by using a sequential approach of nutrient deprivation and pharmaceutical perturbation of metabolic pathways to inhibit cellular proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of restricting glucose and glutamine concentrations, in vitro, to levels that resemble a potential human fasting state. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a mediator …

Early Complexity Supports Development Of Motor Behaviors In The First Months Of Life, Stacey C. Dusing, Leroy R. Thacker, Nikolaos Stergiou, James C. Galloway

Journal Articles

Complexity in motor behavior is a hallmark of healthy systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate postural complexity during development of early motor behaviors and under two conditions. Twenty-two infants participated from 1 to 6 months of age. Linear and nonlinear measures of displacement of the center of pressure at the base of support were used to quantify magnitude and temporal structure of postural control. Behavioral coding was used to quantify the emergence of midline head control and early reaching. Results suggest that infants have complexity in postural control strategies early in development. This complexity decreases as infants …

Imagining The Unknown, Angelina Kidd

MFA in Photography and Integrated Media Theses

It is true that there is no scientific proof of life after life or of the human soul. However, I believe there is a soul and that it is energy manifested as light. Our lifetime is a mere pulse when measured against the evolution of earth. We are connected to the cosmos through the very calcium in our bones and the iron in our blood, which originated from stars that died billions of years ago. My belief is that the earthly body is separate from the soul and that our light energy returns to the cosmos. Energy will not cease …

A Computed Tomography-Based Model Of The Infant Hip Anatomy For Dynamic Finite Element Analysis Of Hip Dysplasia Biomechanics, Kyle Snethen

HIM 1990-2015

Newborns diagnosed with hip dysplasia face severe consequences when treatments fail. The Pavlik harness presents the most common worldwide treatment for correcting this medical hip abnormality in newborns, but becomes increasingly ineffective as subluxation increases. A dynamic finite element analysis on the hip joint would yield results that could provide insight to physicians as to how the Pavlik harness could be optimized to increase its success rate and develop patient-specific treatment plans. The study completes the first step in such an analysis by generating a three-dimensional model of an infant hip joint directly derived from computed tomography imaging in order …

Lifetime Optimization Via Base Station Placement And Power Aware Scheduling In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yunan Gu

Theses (Pre-2016)

Recent years have witnessed the advent of wireless sensor technologies and proliferating applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various fields. Network lifetime has been a critical design goal of any battery operated large scale WSNs. Especially for delay-sensitive WSNs, it is challenging to prolong the network lifetime, while meeting the delay requirements of different applications. In this thesis, we fisrt investigate how to prolong the lifetime of large scale WSNs via optimal placement of base stations (BSs). With multiple BSs placed, the sensor nodes can send their data to nearby sinks and may reduce energy consumption ofrelaying packets for …

Dotphotozine Issue 3, May 2013, Students Of The Csusb Art Department, Thomas Mcgovern

Dotphotozine

No abstract provided.

The Psychological And Physiological Effects Of Using A Therapy Dog In Mindfulness Training, Courtney L. Henry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the psychological and physiological effects of adding animal-assisted therapy to a modified mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR) for clients experiencing psychological distress, including anxious and depressive symptoms. State and trait mindfulness, state and trait anxiety, psychological distress, blood pressure, and heart rate were collected during each session of the intervention from college students recruited at Utah State University. Results support that participants experienced less anxiety and depressive symptoms and increased mindfulness skills from pre- to posttreatment. No significant difference was found between the control and experimental groups, indicating that that interaction with a therapy dog had no …

Intramuscular Temperature Of Rectus Femoris During Cold Water Immersion, Nicholas Rech

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Purpose: To establish a protocol for cold water immersion (CWI) temperature and duration based on adipose tissue thickness and desired cooling at 2 cm sub-adipose tissue of rectus femoris (RF) after exercise.

Methods: Sixteen participants received a CWI treatment (10 °C) until either intramuscular thigh temperature (2 cm sub-adipose) decreased 7 °C below pre-exercise level or 30 minutes was reached. Temperature was recorded every 30 seconds using skin and implantable fine-wire thermocouples. Temperature reductions and cooling rates were analyzed.

Results:Five out of the 16 participants cooled 7 °C below baseline within 30 min. Adipose thickness and percent body fat …

Phylometagenomics: A New Framework For Uncovering Microbial Community Diversity, Christopher J. Friedline

Theses and Dissertations

Microbial communities are recognized as major drivers of global biogeochemical processes. However, the genetic diversity and composition, as well as processes leading to the origin and diversification of these communities in space and time, are poorly understood. Character- ization of microbial communities using high-throughput sequencing of 16S tags shows that Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) abundances can be approximated by a gamma distribu- tion, which suggests structuring around small numbers of highly abundant OTUs and a large proportion of rare OTUs. The current methods used to characterize how communities are structured rely on multivariate statistics, which operate on pair-wise distance matrices. …

Structured Debriefing And Students' Clinical Judgment Abilities In Simulation, Bette Mariani, Mary Ann Cantrell, Colleen H. Meakim, Patricia Prieto, Kristina Dreifuerst

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Debriefing is a critical component of clinical simulation, yet there are limited studies that demonstrate the outcomes of debriefing on learners' clinical judgment.

Method

Using the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric, this mixed-method study examined the effects of structured debriefing after 2 clinical simulation experiences on 86 junior-level baccalaureate nursing students' clinical judgment. Debriefing for Meaningful Learning© was the method used for the structured debriefing sessions.

Results

The mean clinical judgment scores of the intervention group were higher and improved more over time compared with the mean scores of those in the control group; however, the differences were not statistically …

The Value Of Admission Glucose And Glycosylated Hemoglobin In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome, Manal Khudhur Abdul Razzaq, Jawad Ibrahim Rasheed, Haider Shaheed Mohmmad

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In nondiabetic patients, elevated admission glucose level is a strong predictor of short-term adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Admission glucose may be affected by meals, the circadian cycle, and also the stress response. Glycated hemoglobin A1c is a convenient marker of long-term glucose regulation. However, the prognostic value of diabetic control assessed by HbA1c level in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is still undefined. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between (admission glucose and HbA1c) and short term outcome in patients not known to be diabetics presented with ACS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This observational study …

A Study Of Microtubule Dipole Lattices, Shubhendu Nandi

Open Access Dissertations

Microtubules are cytoskeletal protein polymers orchestrating a host of important cellular functions including, but not limited to, cell support, cell division, cell motility and cell transport. In this thesis, we construct a toy-model of the microtubule lattice composed of vector Ising spins representing tubulin molecules, the building block of microtubules. Nearest-neighbor and next-to-nearest neighbor interactions are considered within an anisotropic dielectric medium. As a consequence of the helical topology, we observe that certain spin orientations render the lattice frustrated with nearest neighbor ferroelectric and next-to-nearest neighbor antiferroelectric bonds. Under these conditions, the lattice displays the remarkable property of stabilizing certain …

Characterization Of Human Gut Microbiota Dynamics Using Model Communities In Gnotobiotic Mice, Nathaniel Patrick Mcnulty

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

The human gut is colonized by a diverse array of microbes, collectively referred to as the microbiota. The microbiota's complexity poses significant challenges in characterizing the rules dictating its assembly, inferring the functional roles of its component species, and understanding how communities sense and respond to changes in their habitat. We developed defined, representative model communities comprised of sequenced human gut bacteria that could be characterized in a highly controlled manner in gnotobiotic mice, plus a suite of scalable molecular tools for assaying community properties. These tools were first used to evaluate how the microbiota is impacted by probiotic bacterial …

Camk-Ii: An Integral Protein In Cell Migration, Jamie Josephine Avila Mcleod

Theses and Dissertations

Coordinated inductive and morphogenetic processes of gastrulation establish the zebrafish body plan. Gastrulation includes massive cell rearrangements to generate the three germ layers and shape the embryonic body. Three modes of cell migration must occur during vertebrate gastrulation and include: epiboly, internalization of the presumptive mesendoderm and convergent extension (C&E). C&E movements narrow the germ layers mediolaterally (convergence) and elongate them anteroposteriorly (extension) to define the embryonic axis. The molecular mechanisms regulating coordinated cell migrations remain poorly understand and studying these has become of great interest to researchers. Understanding cell migration during development is highly relevant to a number of …

Patent Protection Of Pharmacologically Active Metabolites: Theoretical And Technological Analysis On The Jurisprudence Of Four Regions, Richard Li-Dar Wang, Pei-Chen Huang

Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal

Active metabolite patents have been instrumental for brandname pharmaceutical companies to maintain their exclusivity even after the drug patents expire. This strategy obstructs market entry of generic medicine and reduces affordable drugs. The authors review jurisprudence from the United States, Europe, India, and Taiwan in search for practical solutions to confront this problem. Given the unique pharmacological value that active metabolites may possess, patent protection for those purified or synthesized in vitro should be preserved, but for those produced by metabolism should be declined. Except India, most countries under investigation comport with this dichotomy. Their jurisprudence may be subsumed into …

Bjc Today

BJC Today

No abstract provided.

Judicial Fitness For Review Of Complex Biotechnology Issues In Patent Litigation: Technical Claim Interpretation, Megan E. Lyman

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Selected Drugs On The Memory Recall Of Sleep Deprived Mice, Jenn Pauldurai

Capstone Research Projects

Humans often make use of the neurotransmission altering effects of drugs such as caffeine, ephedrine, and ethanol. These drugs induce changes in memory and learning ability, specifically when used for sleep deprivation. English white mice (Mus musculus) have been shown to exhibit similar cognitive changes when administered drugs while sleep deprived. A sample of 20 mice was divided into three experimental groups (each group receiving a different drug) and one control group. Maze-testing demonstrated that mice performance decreased with sleep deprivation (Treatment-1) but all groups returned to baseline performance when injected (IP) with selected drugs (Treatment-2), regardless of …

The Role Of High-Fat Feeding On The Up-Regulation In Antioxidant Enzymes: A Potential, Innocence Christianna Harvey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

While RONS are produced as part of normal metabolism, excess production can occur in response to stressors, such as physical exercise and ingestion of excess nutrients (e.g., saturated fat). Over time this may lead to an up-regulation in antioxidant enzyme activity, in an attempt to protect cells. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity is observed following repeatedingestion of high fat meals. Sixteen healthy men consumed10 high fat milkshakes over a 3+ weekperiod. Blood was taken from subjects on the firstday of each week (before andfor 4 hours after milkshake ingestion) and …

Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Resistance To Blockade In The Opossum Proximal Tubule Cell Due To Variations In The Binding Pocket, Ravi Nistala, Bradley T. Andresen, Lakshmi Pulakat, Alex Meuth, Catherine Sinak, Chirag Mandavia, Thomas Thekkumkara, Robert C. Speth, Adam Whaley-Connell, James R. Sowers

HPD Articles

Blockade of the angiotensin (ANG) II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is widely used in the treatment of hypertension. However, ARBs are variably effective in reducing blood pressure, likely due, in part, to polymorphisms in the ARB binding pocket of the AT(1)R. Therefore, we need a better understanding of variations/polymorphisms that alter binding of ARBs in heterogeneous patient populations. The opossum proximal tubule cell (OKP) line is commonly used in research to evaluate renal sodium handling and therefore blood pressure. Investigating this issue, we found natural sequence variations in the opossum AT(1)R paralleling those observed in …

Holobiont Nutrition: Considering The Role Of The Gastrointestinal Microbiota In The Health Benefits Of Whole Grains, Jens Walter, Ines Martinez, Devin J. Rose

Food for Health: Publications

Intake of whole grains and other food products high in dietary fiber have long been linked to the prevention of chronic diseases associated with inflammation. A contribution of the gastrointestinal microbiota to these effects has been suggested, but little is known on how whole grains interact with gut bacteria. We have recently published the first human trial that made use of next-generation sequencing to determine the effect of whole grains (whole grain barley, brown rice or a mixture of the two) on fecal microbiota structure and tested for associations between the gut microbiota and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and …

The Good 5 Cent Cigar (4/9/2013), University Of Rhode Island

The Good 5 Cent Cigar (Student Newspaper Archives)

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the University of Rhode Island school newspaper.

The Utah Statesman, April 9, 2013, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Agricultural Research Magazine, April 2013

Agricultural Research Magazine

Table of Contents

4 Irrigation Wastewater: Waste Not, Want Not

6 Two Approaches for Optimizing Water Productivity

8 Compounds in Whole-Grain Rice Varieties

10 New Discovery Makes Detecting Johne’s Disease Easier

12 House Fly Virus Stops Flies from Reproducing

14 Improved Vitamin B12 Test May Help Young and Old Alike

16 Rooting Out a Novel Stress Syndrome in Pigs

18 A Modeling Milestone for Soil Phosphorus Management

20 New Technologies for Studying Crops and Crop Diseases

23 Locations Featured in This Magazine Issue

Rooting Out A Novel Stress Syndrome In Pigs, Dan Nonneman, Sandra Avant

Agricultural Research Magazine

Undergoing surgery, even a minor procedure, can be stressful for anyone. But for people who have malignant hyperthermia, a hereditary disease that’s triggered by certain drugs used for general anesthesia, it can also be dangerous.

Research into this rare, life-threatening condition, which causes a fast rise in body temperature, severe muscle contractions, and sometimes death, was limited until the discovery of a similar disorder in pigs, referred to as “porcine stress syndrome.” The classical syndrome is associated with poor response to stressors like transport and with poor-quality pork. It has been eliminated from commercial herds in the United States, but …

The Faculty Notebook, April 2013, Provost's Office

Faculty Notebook

The Faculty Notebook is published periodically by the Office of the Provost at Gettysburg College to bring to the attention of the campus community accomplishments and activities of academic interest. Faculty are encouraged to submit materials for consideration for publication to the Associate Provost for Faculty Development. Copies of this publication are available at the Office of the Provost.