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Lucky Cement: A Price Leader In The Karachi Stock Exchange Due To Their Marketing Breakthrough In To The South Asian Markets, Aman U. Saiyed, Muhammad Asadullah

Business Review

Cement is one of the most significant commodities in the area of physical development of infrastructure. As the South Asian economies develop and more and more demands are made on the infrastructure, cement will emerge as the key marketable commodity in this part of the world. In the past 10 years the cement industry in Pakistan added capacity at a rapid pace. They made large profits on the back of high demand. Lately, they have experienced decline in sales and profits. To avoid the volatility of the domestic markets, some cement manufacturers have looked overseas. Lucky Cement Limited, as one …

Teachers Developing Exemplary Inquiry Practices: Three Longitudinal Case Studies, Sara B. Sweetman

Open Access Dissertations

If students are to be successful in the ever-changing scientific world they need to be taught how to think critically, to manipulate materials, and to gather evidence to build knowledge. Most teachers fall short in providing students the inquiry instruction described in the Next Generation Science Frameworks (National Research Council, 2011). This study examined three elementary science teachers’ processes as they developed inquiry practices over time. The Electronic Quality of Inquiry Protocol (EQUIP) was used to gather quantitative and qualitative evidence of the teachers’ inquiry practices in terms of four factors, Curriculum, Instruction, Discourse, and Assessment. …

Childhood Maltreatment, Posttraumatic Cognitions, And Health Outcomes Among Young Adults, Elizabeth Reichert

Open Access Dissertations

Childhood maltreatment is a significant public health issue that has been linked to a myriad of negative long-term mental and physical health consequences. While the devastating health outcomes have been well established in the literature, the potential mechanisms of this link are less understood. In an effort to elucidate this relationship, the present study examined maladaptive cognitions (i.e., posttraumatic cognitions related to the self and world) that can form as a result of experiencing the trauma of maltreatment. Specifically, this cross-sectional study investigated the association between childhood maltreatment and self-reported mental and physical health concerns among a sample of young …

Associations Between Patient Characteristics And Utilization In A Commercial Schizophrenia Population, Thomas Joseph Bunz

Open Access Dissertations

Background: Schizophrenia is a prevalent and costly condition in the United States. Many studies have been conducted on the schizophrenia populations receiving government sponsored insurance, but less is known about the 16% of the population that receives commercial insurance. A better understanding of the utilization and outcomes in this population is essential to ensure that outreach programs target the groups most in need, that these programs are aimed at the most important aspects of utilization, and that those factors are tied to meaningful clinical outcomes.

Objectives: The purpose of this research has been to better understand the patient characteristics, utilization …

Are All Faculty Members Being Compensated Equally? A Multi-Method Approach To Investigating Faculty Salary, Angela Perine Ferreira

Open Access Dissertations

Salary disparities between gender and race continue to exist (Baker, Drolet, 2010; Barbezat, 2010; Broyles, 2009; Fransen, Plantenga, & Vlasblom, 2012; Hurtado, & DeAngelo, 2009; Monroe, & Chiu, 2010; Sayers, 2011). The trend of men being paid more for doing the same job as women has been acknowledged and assessed for years, most notably through vigorous empirical studies (Cherry, Durden, & Gaynor, 2011; Grey-Bowen, & McFarlane, 2010; Monroe, & Chiu, 2010; Takahashi, & Takahashi, 2010). This problem exists in both the general labor market and within academia: despite comparative levels of human capital, women are earning less (Carter, 2010; LoSasso, …

Producing In-Situ Nanoparticles Of Griseofulvin Using Supercritical Antisolvent Methodology, Pratik Sheth

Open Access Dissertations

Poor aqueous solubility of drug candidates is a major challenge for the pharmaceutical scientists involved in drug development. Particle size reduction to nano scale appears as an effective and versatile option for solubility improvement. Unlike the traditional methods used for the particle size reduction, supercritical fluid (SCF) processing techniques offer advantages ranging from superior particle size control to clean processing. Amongst all of the SCF based techniques, supercritical antisolvent (SAS) processing is of particular interest because most pharmaceuticals, including the model drug for this study-griseofulvin, are insoluble in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂), and SAS is one of the …

An In Vitro Study On The Non-Enzymatic Glycation Of Melamine And Serum Albumin By Reducing Sugars, Weixi Liu

Open Access Dissertations

Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction with reactants including a reducing sugar and a free amino containing molecule such as protein, amino acids, DNA, RNA and lipids. In the initial phase of glycation, the carbonyl group of the reducing carbohydrate condenses with the free amino groups on the target biomolecule to form reversible glycosylamines, which are then converted to more stable Amadori products. Once formed, these Amadori products can with time undergo dehydration, cyclization, oxidation, and rearrangement to form a polymorphic group of compounds collectively referred to as Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs). The accumulation of AGEs in vivo has been implicated …

Effect Of Metabolic Disease And Xenobiotic Exposure On Hepatic Atp-Binding Cassette (Abc) Drug Transporter Expression, Ajay Chowdary Donepudi

Open Access Dissertations

Drug transporters are membrane bound proteins, which are involved in facilitating both uptake and efflux of xenobiotics, endogenous compounds and their metabolites in various tissues such as liver, kidney, testis, and brain. Alteration in drug transporters may cause imbalances in endogenous compounds such as bile acids, hormones, and bilirubin. Xenobiotic metabolism is inefficient without drug transporters, and drug transporters are recognized as vital mediators for moving polar compounds across membranes. ATP binding cassette (Abc) transporters are a kind of drug transporters, which are ATP-dependent membrane bound proteins involved in transport of wide variety of compounds. Multiple hepatic conditions can alter …

Positive Nurse-Resident Relationships A Focused Ethnography In A Nursing Home, Rosemary A. Costigan

Open Access Dissertations

More than 1.4 million Americans reside in long term care facilities across the United States. Social and professional relationships are an integral component of everyday life within these environments. Few studies have systematically examined positive relationships that exist between residents and nursing assistants in long term care. A focused ethnography of a nursing home, one known for the quality of life experienced by its residents and located in the northeastern United States, was used to examine the nature of (1) interactions (2) positive relationships (their development and maintenance) between residents and nursing assistants, and (3) supportive environmental factors. Peace House …

Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Of Childhood Anxiety: Examining A Parent Consultation Model, Allison M. Smith

Open Access Dissertations

Strong evidence supports the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of clinical anxiety in children. As parents may play an etiological role in the development, progression, and maintenance of childhood anxiety, researchers have noted that including parents in child treatment confers some benefit upon child outcomes. Conducting CBT solely with the parents of anxious children may be equally beneficial and potentially more cost-effective than treatment modalities with only the child. The present study examined the efficacy of a ten-session parent-only CBT intervention delivered individually to parents of anxious children (ICBT) in comparison to a ten week wait-list control …

Compounds From A. Platanoides Bark, V. Corymbosum Roots & Topical Formulations Using Maple Syrup, Raed Omar

Open Access Dissertations

The United States is the world’s largest producer of blueberries and the world’s second largest producer of maple syrup. Maine is the nation’s leading producer of wild blueberries, harvesting 82.6 million pounds of wild blueberries. Similarly, the New England region represents roughly 75% of the total U.S. production of maple syrup. These plants play a vital role in New England’s economy and are commonly consumed; however, these plants benefit more than the economy. The secondary metabolites of these plants are both antioxidants, and also anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-viral agents. Blueberries are commonly consumed and have been investigated exhaustively. On the …

Alcohol Cognitions And College Student Drinking: The Moderating Effect Of Executive Abilities, Andrea M. Lavigne

Open Access Dissertations

Research informed by dual process models of addictions has clearly demonstrated an association between automatic and controlled alcohol-related cognitions and alcohol use. However, the literature is limited with respect to examination of the cognitive abilities that may moderate these associations across populations. This study examined executive abilities, automatic and controlled alcohol-related cognitions, and alcohol use and problems in sample of college students. It was hypothesized that the executive abilities of working memory and response inhibition would moderate relations between alcohol-related cognitions and involvement. Specifically, it was anticipated that individuals with weaker abilities in these areas would demonstrate stronger relations between …

Academic And Psychological Factors In Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use In Graduate Students, Genvieve Verdi

Open Access Dissertations

The current study investigated the prevalence of the non-medical use of prescription stimulant medication (active use in the absence of a valid prescription) by graduate students. The project sought to determine whether the rate of non-medical use in this population would be commensurate with usage rates observed in the undergraduate, law, and medical student populations. The study also explored the relationship between perceived knowledge and safety of stimulant medications and non-medical use. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between non-medical use of prescription stimulants with academic self-efficacy, psychological factors (anxiety, depression and stress), and internal restlessness. The present study recruited …

Use And Unintended Consequences Of Antidepressant Medications By Depressed Older Adults, Eun Sun Noh

Open Access Dissertations

Background

National guidelines suggest 12-18 months of antidepressant treatment for depressed patients to maximize the benefits of treatment; however, patterns of medication use according to the guidelines are less well understood, especially in older adults who are at higher risk of adverse drug events. In addition, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recommended as a first-line therapy for older adults because of their favorable adverse event profile; however, several observational studies have suggested an association between SSRI use and an increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. While this link remains controversial, it is important to evaluate the risk of GI …

Impact Of Race On Juvenile Forensic Assessment: Clinician Perceptions Of Adequate Test Norms, Nathan E. Cook

Open Access Dissertations

The psychological assessment of racial and ethnic minority groups is often substantially limited by the lack of adequate normative data for these groups. This study examined the impact that race has on forensic psychologists’ (N=145) diagnostic decision making as well as judgments of the quality of normative data. It was hypothesized that the forensic psychologists would accept lower quality normative data for African American youth compared to White youth. However, although the quality of the test norms influenced the dependent measures in the expected direction, no significant interaction was noted between norm quality and youth’s race. Participants judged the likelihood …

Cultural Factors, Stigma, Stress, And Help-Seeking Attitudes Among College Students, Radhika V. Pasupuleti

Open Access Dissertations

The study is examining the role of cultural and psychological factors that predict attitudes towards seeking mental health treatment. Given the role of treatment in reducing emotional distress, it is important to understand the issues people consider when exploring mental health treatment options. Specifically, constructs of stigma and acculturation were explored in relation to both attitudes toward and intentions to seek mental health treatment. Undergraduate and graduate students (246 women, 82 men; 237 White, 89 Nonwhite) recruited from two state colleges and a community college participated in an online survey assessing demographics as well as measures of stigma, acculturation, ethnic …

Solid State Gas Sensors For Detection Of Explosives And Explosive Precursors, Yun Chu

Open Access Dissertations

The increased number of terrorist attacks using improvised explosive devices (IEDs) over the past few years has made the trace detection of explosives a priority for the Department of Homeland Security. Considerable advances in early detection of trace explosives employing spectroscopic detection systems and other sensing devices have been made and have demonstrated outstanding performance. However, modern IEDs are not easily detectable by conventional methods and terrorists have adapted to avoid using metallic or nitro groups in the manufacturing of IEDs. Instead, more powerful but smaller compounds, such as TATP are being more frequently used. In addition, conventional detection techniques …

Girl Talk: Analyzing Discourse Among Urban Middle School Girls, Carey Delauder Bledsoe

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation is a qualitative study of an all-girls’ advisory in a coeducational, urban middle school located in a mid-sized city in the northeast. The advisory group met daily over the course of the 2010-2011 academic year. Drawing from data collected over one year of fieldwork--including participant observation, analysis of discourse, dynamic interviews, and the analysis of social constructs --this study explores how a group of mostly African American and Latina students created a caring community in order to increase their academic and social success.

Each chapter of the dissertation examines the challenges and obstacles the girls in the advisory …

Lightning-Rod Men, Magnetic Lives, Bodies Electric: Electromagnetic Corporeality In Emerson, Melville, & Whitman, James Patrick Gorham

Open Access Dissertations

From the time of American independence to the antebellum period, Americans labored to distinguish their collective identity from that of their colonial forebears in a world increasingly shaped by technological advances, industrial transformations, and scientific developments. Discoveries regarding electricity and electromagnetism resulted in inventions that would especially revolutionize human life. The advent of the lightning-rod in the mid-eighteenth century challenged prior notions that a destructive lightning bolt was an inevitable consequence of divine will, with any interference with that power understood as sacrilege. The rod symbolized a new, Franklinian American, who, steeped in Enlightenment science and philosophy, could stand up …

Grandma In The White House: Legal Support For Intergenerational Caregiving, Jessica Dixon Weaver

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Marian Robinson’s status as the live-in First Grandmother is an example of a growing trend in the United States - the multigenerational family. The 2010 United States Census Data reflects that the number of households with multiple generations living under one roof has increased by 25% this decade. Mrs. Robinson also reflects another new development in American families: grandparents helping their adult children with caregiving. More than 70% of grandparents are taking care of their grandkids on a regular basis, and 13% are primary caretakers. Many grandparents treat their role as caregiver like a profession, and they sacrifice jobs, residences, …

A More Optimistic Perspective On Government-Supported Marriage And Relationship Education Programs For Lower Income Couples, Alan J. Hawkins, Scott M. Stanley, Philip A. Cowan, Frank D. Fincham, Steven R. H. Beach, Carolyn Pape Cowan, Galena Kline Rhoades, Howard J. Markman, Andrew P. Daire

Faculty Publications

In the past decade, the federal government, some states, and numerous communities have initiated programs to help couples form and sustain healthy marriages and relationships in order to increase family stability for children. Thus, we value the attention given to this emerging policy area by the American Psychologist in a recent article (Johnson, May–June 2012). However, it is important to challenge some of Johnson's points about the effectiveness and reach of interventions to lower income couples and couples of color and his suggested prioritization of basic over applied research.

La Citoyenneté Aux Etats-Unis : Une Valeur En Perpétuel Devenir, Elisabeth Zoller

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Admissibility Compared: The Reception Of Incriminating Expert Evidence (I.E., Forensic Science) In Four Adversarial Jurisdictions, Gary Edmond, Emma Cunliffe, Simon A. Cole, Andrew J. Roberts

All Faculty Publications

There is an epistemic crisis in many areas of forensic science. This crisis emerged largely in response both to the mobilization of a range of academic commentators and critics and the rise and influence of DNA typing. It gained popular and authoritative support through the influence of the National Academy of Science (NAS) and a surprisingly critical report produced under its auspices by a committee of the National Research Council (NRC). Interestingly, as this article endeavors to explain, the courts themselves seem to have played a rather indirect, inconsistent and ultimately ineffective role in the supervision and evaluation of forensic …

‘Don't Read The Comments!’: Reflections On Writing And Publishing Feminist Socio-Legal Research As A Young Scholar, Emma Cunliffe

All Faculty Publications

This article responds to reviews written by Eve Darian-Smith and Mehera San Roque and published in Feminists@Law. Darian-Smith and San Roque's reviews focus on the contributions made by my 2011 book, Murder, Medicine and Motherhood. In this response, I have taken the opportunity to reflect a little on the experience of writing Murder, Medicine and Motherhood, and on its reception. In the first section, I trace the choices and unanticipated challenges that structured my research for Murder, Medicine and Motherhood. Both Darian-Smith and San Roque have commented on this methodology, and I have noticed that after publication, the scope and …

How The Charter Has Failed Non-Citizens In Canada – Reviewing Thirty Years Of Supreme Court Of Canada Jurisprudence, Catherine Dauvergne

All Faculty Publications

This paper presents a study of all of the Supreme Court of Canada’s Charter-era jurisprudence addressing the rights of non-citizens. It traces the jurisprudential evolution from early decisions strongly supportive of non-citizens’ rights claims, to more recent rulings where non-citizens’ rights claims are rejected, sidelined or even ignored. Patterns in decision making are discernible and the decline in protections for non-citizens follows logically enough from a series of interpretive stances made relatively early on. There is evidence here of what I have termed ‘Charter hubris.’ This is a leading factor in explaining the current state of affairs, which works alongside …

A Private Underworld: The Naked Body In Law And Society, Lawrence M. Friedman, Joanna L. Grossman

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

In general, the literature on privacy stresses, quite naturally, our right to keep things private, or to make our own decisions. The individual, the citizen, is the center of gravity. There is a great deal of material on the limits of privacy, on threats to privacy, and the like. In this Article, the authors want to discuss what one might call mandatory privacy: those aspects of life that we are required to keep secret, hidden, or private, the things that we must keep private, whether we want to or not. This is a subject that has been mostly, though not …

Do Graphic Tobacco Warnings Violate The First Amendment?, Nathan Cortez

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

When Congress passed the nation’s first comprehensive tobacco bill in 2009, it replaced the familiar Surgeon General’s warnings, last updated in 1984, with nine blunter warnings. The law also directed the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ('FDA') to require color graphics to accompany the textual warnings. By law, the warnings would cover the top fifty percent of the front and back of tobacco packaging and the top twenty percent of print advertisements, bringing the United States closer to many peer countries that now require graphic warnings. Tobacco companies challenged the requirement on First Amendment grounds, arguing that the compelled disclosures …

The School-To-Prison Pipeline Tragedy On Montana's American Indian Reservations, Melina Healey

Scholarly Works

American Indian adolescents in Montana are caught in a school-to-prison pipeline. They are plagued with low academic achievement, high dropout, suspension and expulsion rates, and disproportionate contact with the juvenile and criminal justice systems. This phenomenon has been well documented in poor, minority communities throughout the country. But it has received little attention with respect to the American Indian population in Montana, for whom the problem is particularly acute. Indeed, the pipeline is uniquely disturbing for American Indian youth in Montana because this same population has been affected by another heartbreaking and related trend: alarming levels of adolescent suicides and …

Rethinking Section Five: Deference, Direct Regulation, And Restoring Congressional Authority To Enforce The Fourteenth Amendment, Tiffany C. Graham

Scholarly Works

After the Supreme Court's decision in City of Boerne v. Flores, the Court worked systematically to undermine the scope of Congress's regulatory authority under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court did this as part of the neo-federalist revival, in an effort to restrain congressional power in favor of elevating state power against federal intrusion. The Court took this route in restraining various powers, among them the powers granted to Congress under Article I of the U.S. Constitution. Arguably, though, the effort to restrain Congress was most pronounced in the arena of Section 5. In this Article, I argue …

Children Of Polyamorous Families: A First Empirical Look, Mark Goldfeder, Elisabeth Sheff

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.