Digital Commons Network^™

The Psychology Of Competition: A Social Comparison Perspective, Stephen M. Garcia, Avishalom Tor, Tyrone M. Schiff

Journal Articles

Social comparison—the tendency to self-evaluate by comparing ourselves to others—is an important source of competitive behavior. We propose a new model that distinguishes between individual and situational factors that increase social comparison and thus lead to a range of competitive attitudes and behavior. Individual factors are those that vary from person to person: the relevance of the performance dimension, the similarity of rivals, and their relationship closeness to the individual, as well as the various individual differences variables relating to social comparison more generally. Situational factors, conversely, are those factors on the social comparison landscape that affect similarly situated individuals: …

Population Pressure And Family Planning In The Case Of Sub Saharan Africa's Demographic Transition, Jessica T. Ysunza

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Elementary School Gardens And The Community, Christine Moon, Rachel Spinelli

Social Sciences

This project will focus on the relationship of school garden initiative in connection with the socioeconomic status of the community. We will be examining five schools: Pacheco Elementary School (in San Luis Obispo) as our model school, two lower socioeconomic schools, and two upper socioeconomic schools. Since Pacheco has families with both low and high socioeconomic statuses, we will use it as our base. We will compare and contrast the four schools to Pacheco. We hope to explore implications of socioeconomic factors on the success of school garden projects. Our main research questions are: does socioeconomic status have an effect …

Social Identity And Academic Belonging: Creating Environments To Minimize The Achievement Gap Among African American And Latino Students, Joanne C. Skourletos, Mary C. Murphy, Katherine T.U. Emerson, Evelyn A. Carter

Modern Psychological Studies

Stereotype threat is a highly evident phenomenon that has been used to explain why minority groups underperform in academics compared to Caucasians (Steele, 1997; Steele, Spencer, & Aronson, 2002). This study examined whether an induced feeling of belonging (via information about potential), either in the academic or social domain, can attenuate the effects of stereotype threat on the academic performance of African Americans and Latinos. Results suggest that minority students who are told they have either academic potential or are not told any information about potential (i.e., control condition) perform similarly on an IQ test. However, when minority students are …

The Effects Of Emerging Adulthood On Stress And Depression, Christine Cusack, Christopher Merchant

Modern Psychological Studies

Many historical theories of development have evolved based on the premise that a person's identity is formed during adolescence. Upon reaching the age of 18, that person is identified as an adult and expected to have achieved a healthy identity. More recent studies suggest that a person continues to develop their identity well into their twenties. This age range is characterized by constant change, instability, and exposure to life stress events. Additional data shows that some people in this cohort do not consider themselves to be an adult, a se if-classification that creates stress and decreased mental health. Researchers are …

Attention Deficit Disorder In Adults, Nutritional Deficiencies, And The Treatments Available: A Literature Review, Emilee S. Manthey

Modern Psychological Studies

The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in adults has steadily increased within the past decade. However, very few people are aware they have this disorder. Those with ADHD have higher divorce rates, school dropout rates, job termination, car accidents, and higher rates of substance abuse and alcohol dependence (Kates, 2005; Tcheremissine & Lieving, 2009). A high comorbidity rate with ADHD, anxiety, and depression has been found. This literature review includes the significant nutritional deficiencies such as neurotransmitters, trace minerals, omega-3 fatty acids, and several B vitamins which are found in people with ADHD, and a description of the …

Distress Tolerance And Mental Health Outcomes, Carrie A. Stemke

Modern Psychological Studies

This literature review has compiled research on two related subjects: the construct of distress tolerance and the treatment of mental health issues for which low distress tolerance is an underlying factor. The purpose of this work is to not only examine a central mechanism in the onset and maintenance of select psychopathologies, but also to examine ways in which treatment focused on raising an individual's distress tolerance can help in symptom reduction. This review also proposes that a better understanding of stress and an individual's reaction to it can lead to both more effective treatment and towards the future fulfillment …

The Effects Of The Cold Pressor Task On Memory Recall, Hayden Lemer

Modern Psychological Studies

Neurotransmitters that are released in response to stress can disrupt the prefrontal cortex creating an impairing effect on attentional processes leading to a hindering of memory recall (Arnsten, 2009). Participants were taken from an Intro to Psychology course from a small liberal arts college in Northeastern Pennsylvania. Participants immersed their hand in either ice-cold or warm water while listening to 20 nouns. In this present study, participants showed memory recall impairment after they received stress induced from the cold pressor task only during learning, and after a short delay consisting of a short distracter math test.

Childhood Poly-Victimization And Perceived Family Environment, Stephanie K. Gusler, Ann N. Elliott, Jefferey E. Aspelmeier, Thomas W. Pierce

Modern Psychological Studies

There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating the necessity of examining multiple victimizations when studying childhood victimization histories. Several studies have found poly-victimization (i.e., high cumulative levels of victimization) common in non-clinical samples and associated with greater trauma symptomatology than experiencing a single type of victimization (Finkelhor, Ormrod, & Turner, 2007; Richmond, Elliott, Pierce, Aspelmeier, & Alexander, 2009; Saunders, 2003). This study examined the relative contribution of six different categories of childhood victimization and poly-victimization in predicting the Conflict and Cohesion subscale scores of the Family Environment Scale (FES). In a sample of 330 female college undergraduates, the results …

Surviving Medical Device Preemption Under 21 U.S.C. 360k: Clarifying Pleading Standards For Parallel Claims Following Twombly And Iqbal., Ashley Abraham Williams

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Non-Cytotoxic Antibacterial Silver–Coumarin Complex Doped Sol–Gel Coatings, Swarna Jaiswal, Kunal Bhattacharya, Maeve Sullivan, Maureen Walsh, Bernadette Creaven, Fathima Laffir, Brendan Duffy, Patrick Mchale

Articles

Microbial colonisation on clinical and industrial surfaces is currently of global concern and silane based sol–gel coatings are being proposed as potential solutions. Sol–gels are chemically inert, stable and homogeneous and can be designed to act as a reservoir for releasing antimicrobial agents over extended time periods. In the present study, silver nitrate (AgN) and a series of silver coumarin complexes based on coumarin-3-carboxylatosilver (AgC) and it is 6,7 and 8 hydroxylated analogues (Ag6, Ag7, Ag8) were incorporated into sol–gel coatings. The comparative antibacterial activity of the coatings was determined against meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug resistance Enterobacter …

Whose Pregnancy Is It Anyway? The Intrusion Of Abortion-Related Informed Consent Laws And Compelled Medical Treatment On The Doctor-Pregnant Patient Relationship, Jennifer Jascoll

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Undue Process At The Fda, Lisa Heinzerling

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

For over 40 years, the Food and Drug Administration has been collecting evidence that the routine administration of antibiotics to animals destined for the food supply contributes to the development of antibiotic-resistant infections in the human population. For all these years, the FDA has put off acting with any force on this health risk. The agency’s explanation has been that the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act requires it to hold time- and resource-intensive formal hearings before it can withdraw approvals for antibiotics used for the purposes of promoting growth and preventing infection in food animals. In so arguing, the FDA …

It Doesn't Pass The Sell Test: Focusing On "The Facts Of The Individual Case" In Involuntary Medication Inquiries, Susan A. Mcmahon

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Criminal defendants who are incompetent to stand trial have a significant liberty interest in refusing the antipsychotic medication that could restore their competency. The Supreme Court cautioned that instances of intrusion upon that right “may be rare,” and, in Sell v. United States, it laid out what it believed to be stringent criteria for when a defendant could be medicated against his will. Yet, since Sell, trial courts have ordered over sixty-three percent of defendants involuntarily medicated. These individuals did not pose a danger to themselves or others, and they were rarely accused of crimes that involved damage …

Bloomberg’S Health Legacy: Urban Innovator Or Meddling Nanny?, Lawrence O. Gostin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Michael Bloomberg leaves the mayoralty of New York City, with his health legacy is bitterly contested. The public health community views him as an urban innovator—a rare political and business leader willing to fight for a built environment conducive to healthier, safer lifestyles. To his distractors, however, Bloomberg epitomizes a meddling nanny—an elitist dictating to largely poor and working class people about how they ought to lead their lives. His policies have sparked intense public, corporate, and political ire—critical of sweeping mayoral power to socially engineer the city and its inhabitants.

Here, I seek to show how Bloomberg has fundamentally …

Illuminations 2013, Edison State College

Illuminations

Illuminations: FSW's undergraduate journal of art and literature. 2013.

Implications Of Conscience Clause Legislation On Access To Contraceptive Pills, Alicia D. Massidas

Student Works

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Pre-Legal Recognition Cohabitation On Alimony And Equitable Distribution In Same-Sex Dissolution Cases, Alison J. Miller

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Selling Our Souls For Dross: The Ethical Failure Of Psychologists And The Apa In Post 9/11 Interrogations And Torture, Jim Cosgrove

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Raising Hope For Children In Foster Care: An Argument In Favor Of Expanding The Pool Of Qualified Applicants, Tapia Mateo

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Three Strikes, Yet They Keep On Swinging: Athletes And Domestic Violence, Victoria Lucido

Student Works

No abstract provided.

15th And 16th Tshl Supporting Documents, Texas Silver Haired Legislature Foundation, Texas Silver-Haired Legislature

Texas Silver-Haired Legislature

Supporting documents of the 15th and 16th TSHL sessions, 2013-2017

Mechanics Of Hip Dysplasia Reduction In Infants Using The Pavlik Harness: A Physics Based Computational Model, Orlando Ardila, Eduardo Divo, Faissal Moslehy, George Rab, Alain Kassab, Charles Price

Mechanical Engineering - Daytona Beach

Biomechanical factors influencing the reduction of dislocated hips with the Pavlik harness in patients of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) were studied using a three-dimensional computer model simulating hip reduction dynamics in (1) subluxated and (2) fully dislocated hip joints. Five hip adductor muscles were identified as key mediators of DDH prognosis, and the non-dimensional force contribution of each in the direction necessary to achieve concentric hip reductions was determined. Results point to the adductor muscles as mediators of subluxated hip reductions, as their mechanical action is a function of the degree of hip dislocation. For subluxated hips in …

The Economic Impact Of Metrohealth System, Matthew Hrubey, Ziona Austrian, Candi Clouse, Merissa Piazza

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Central Georgia Regional Analysis: Demographics, Economy, Entrepreneurship And Innovation, Merissa Piazza, Joe Andre, Elorm M. Tsegah, Eunkyu Lee, Ziona Austrian

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Preliminary Injunction Standards In Massachusetts State And Federal Courts, Arthur D. Wolf

Faculty Scholarship

Concurrent jurisdiction frequently allows attorneys the choice of filing a complaint in state or federal court. State courts presumptively have jurisdiction over claims rooted in federal law. At times, state courts are required to entertain federal claims. Similarly, federal courts have authority over state claims because of diversity, federal question, and supplemental jurisdiction. Many claims are rooted in both state and federal law, such as antitrust, civil rights, environmental, consumer protection, and civil liberties. Confronted with the choice of state or federal court, the attorney must evaluate a variety of factors before deciding in which court to file.

In a …

[Including But Not Limited To] Violence Against Women, Giovanna Shay

Faculty Scholarship

This Article highlights three developments in criminal justice in 2012 that marked the move toward more gender-inclusive anti-violence movements: the FBI’s adoption of a gender-neutral definition of rape; the debate regarding the reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA); and the promulgation of new Department of Justice (DOJ) regulations under the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA). These recent developments reveal a growing movement towards more gender-inclusive conceptions of rape and intimate partner violence. The change to a more gender-inclusive approach will have many implications for criminal justice policy and institutions. One critical project is to ensure that …

Translating To Communicate With Linguistic Minorities: State Obligations Under International Law, Gabriel Gonzalez Nunez

Writing and Language Studies Faculty Publications

In the on-going debate about language rights, the role of translation remains somewhat of a blind spot. And yet, because there are very few truly monolingual societies in the world, any language policy implies a translation policy. Translation policies will vary from place to place, and they are often the result of ad hoc choices by policy makers at the local level. Even so, by looking at international law, we can find a sort of lowest common denominator for what is to be expected of translation policies. Sources of international law that can have an effect in shaping domestic policies …

A Cross-Sectional Study Of Jamaican Adolescents’ Risk For Type 2 Diabetes And Cardiovascular Diseases, Sheila Barrett, Fatma G. Huffman, Paulette Johnson, Adriana Campa, Marcia Magnus, Dalip Ragoobirsingh

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Objectives To compare obese versus non-obese Jamaican adolescents’ risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); and to explore a suitable and economical method of screening for these risk factors in the school settings. Design A descriptive cross-sectional study of adolescents’ risk for T2D and CVD. All the participants were examined at their respective schools. Setting Jamaica, West Indies. Population 276 Jamaican adolescents aged 14–19 years, randomly selected from grades 9 to 12 from 10 high schools on the island and included both boys and girls. All ethnicities on the island were represented. Main outcome measures High fasting …

The Phenotypic Expression Of Usp14 Deficiency Is Dependent Upon Genetic Background, Andrea Gail Marshall

All ETDs from UAB

The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a critical role in regulating a diversity of cellular processes that are essential to neuronal function, such as synaptic transmission, axon guidance, and neurite outgrowth. Dysfunctions of the UPS are linked with many neurodegenerative disorders, including motor neuron diseases like spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although it is not known how UPS dysfunction contributes to disease pathology. The proteasome, an approximate 2.5 megadalton protein complex comprised of a 20S core particle and 19S regulatory particle, is the site of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in the cell. Recent studies have linked ubiquitin specific …