Digital Commons Network^™

A Game Changer? The Impact Of Padilla V. Kentucky On The Collateral Consequences Rule And Ineffective Assistance Of Counsel Claims, Joanna Rosenberg

Fordham Law Review

    The Sixth Amendment entitles a criminal defendant to effective assistance of counsel when deciding whether to plead guilty. Defense counsel, therefore, must ensure that his client understands the direct consequences of the plea: the nature of the criminal charge and the sentence. However, pursuant to the traditional collateral consequences rule employed by most courts, counsel has no Sixth Amendment obligation to warn that criminal defendant of so–called collateral consequences, such as mandatory sex offender registration, civil commitment, or ineligibility for parole. Prior to 2010, deportation was also considered a collateral consequence of a guilty plea in most jurisdictions.

    In Padilla …

Head Versus Heart: Applying Empirical Evidence About The Connection Between Child Pornography And Child Molestation To Probable Cause Analyses, Emily Weissler

Fordham Law Review

    As the internet has become nearly ubiquitous, child pornography possession has become increasingly widespread. Law enforcement efforts to combat the reach of these images have become increasingly aggressive and sophisticated. Sentences have also dramatically increased. As of 2008, the mean sentence for child pornography possession was ninety–two months, with a mandatory minimum sentence of five years.

    Circuit courts have confronted child pornography search warrant applications based mainly upon a prior child molestation conviction or enticement of a minor. Evaluating similar fact patterns, the Second, Sixth, and Ninth Circuits have held that child molestation or child enticement cannot be used to …

Coupling Alignments With Recognition For Still-To-Video Face Recognition, Zhiwu Huang, X. Zhao, S. Shan, R. Wang, X. Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The Still-to-Video (S2V) face recognition systems typically need to match faces in low-quality videos captured under unconstrained conditions against high quality still face images, which is very challenging because of noise, image blur, low face resolutions, varying head pose, complex lighting, and alignment difficulty. To address the problem, one solution is to select the frames of `best quality' from videos (hereinafter called quality alignment in this paper). Meanwhile, the faces in the selected frames should also be geometrically aligned to the still faces offline well-aligned in the gallery. In this paper, we discover that the interactions among the three tasks-quality …

Towards A Hybrid Framework For Detecting Input Manipulation Vulnerabilities, Sun Ding, Hee Beng Kuan Tan, Lwin Khin Shar, Bindu Madhavi Padmanabhuni

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Input manipulation vulnerabilities such as SQL Injection, Cross-site scripting, Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities are highly prevalent and pose critical security risks. As a result, many methods have been proposed to apply static analysis, dynamic analysis or a combination of them, to detect such security vulnerabilities. Most of the existing methods classify vulnerabilities into safe and unsafe. They have both false-positive and false-negative cases. In general, security vulnerability can be classified into three cases: (1) provable safe, (2) provable unsafe, (3) unsure. In this paper, we propose a hybrid framework-Detecting Input Manipulation Vulnerabilities (DIMV), to verify the adequacy of security vulnerability defenses …

A Secure And Effective Anonymous User Authentication Scheme For Roaming Service In Global Mobility Networks, Fengtong Wen, Willy Susilo, Guomin Yang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In global mobility networks, anonymous user authentication is an essential task for enabling roaming service. In a recent paper, Jiang et al. proposed a smart card based anonymous user authentication scheme for roaming service in global mobility networks. This scheme can protect user privacy and is believed to have many abilities to resist a range of network attacks, even if the secret information stored in the smart card is compromised. In this paper, we analyze the security of Jiang et al.’s scheme, and show that the scheme is in fact insecure against the stolen-verifier attack and replay attack. Then, we …

A Dynamic Programming Approach To Achieving An Optimal End State Along A Serial Production Line, Shih-Fen Cheng, Blake E. Nicholson, Marina A. Epelman, Daniel J. Reaume, Robert L. Smith

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In modern production systems, it is critical to perform maintenance, calibration, installation, and upgrade tasks during planned downtime. Otherwise, the systems become unreliable and new product introductions are delayed. For reasons of safety, testing, and access, task performance often requires the vicinity of impacted equipment to be left in a specific “end state” when production halts. Therefore, planning the shutdown of a production system to balance production goals against enabling non-production tasks yields a challenging optimization problem. In this paper, we propose a mathematical formulation of this problem and a dynamic programming approach that efficiently finds optimal shutdown policies for …

An Efficient Partial Shape Matching Algorithm For 3d Tooth Recognition, Zhiyuan Zhang, Xin Zhong, Sim Heng Ong, Kelvin W. C. Foong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As a new biometric strategy, tooth recognition has drawn much attention in recent years. However, most existing work focus mainly on 2D dental radiographs which are less informative and vulnerable to noise and pose variance. Although there are already several attempts on 3D tooth recognition, the results are still inaccurate and performance is inefficient. Moreover, existing methods cannot recognize precisely when the post-mortem data contains incomplete teeth. In this work, we propose an efficient and accurate partial shape matching algorithm to recognize 3D teeth for human identification. Given the ante-mortem and post-mortem teeth models which were taken from patients using …

Skills Learning In Robot-Assisted Surgery Is Benefited By Task-Specific Augmented Feedback, Srikant Vallabhajosula, Srikant Vallabhajosula, Timothy N. Judkins, Mukul Mukherjee, I. H. Suh, D. Oleynikov, K.-C. Siu

Journal Articles

Background: Providing augmented visual feedback is one way to enhance robot-assisted surgery (RAS) training. However, it is unclear whether task specificity should be considered when applying augmented visual feedback. Methods: Twenty-two novice users of the da Vinci Surgical System underwent testing and training in 3 tasks: simple task, bimanual carrying (BC); intermediate task, needle passing (NP); and complex task, suture tying (ST). Pretraining (PRE), training, and posttraining (POST) trials were performed during the first session. Retention trials were performed 2 weeks later (RET). Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 feedback training groups: relative phase (RP), speed, grip force, …

An Evaluation Of The Consistency Of Imrt Patient-Specific Qa Techniques, Elizabeth M. Mckenzie

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

To ensure the integrity of an intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment, each plan must be validated through a measurement-based quality assurance (QA) procedure, known as patient specific IMRT QA. Many methods of measurement and analysis have evolved for this QA. There is not a standard among clinical institutions, and many devices and action levels are used. Since the acceptance criteria determines if the dosimetric tools’ output passes the patient plan, it is important to see how these parameters influence the performance of the QA device. While analyzing the results of IMRT QA, it is important to understand the variability …

Ezh2 T416 Phosphorylation Enhances Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis, Adam M. Labaff, Adam M. Labaff

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is the catalytic subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and catalyzes the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27Me3), to repress gene transcription. Many types of cancer stem and progenitor cells, including breast, have demonstrated EZH2 to be fundamental in the biology and promoting the expansion of their cellular populations. How EZH2 regulates each of these respective tumor initiating cells (TICs) populations has been studied, but the signaling transduction mechanisms that regulate EZH2 in these TIC populations is yet to be elucidated. Phosphorylation of EZH2 by cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) has been …

Characterization Of Oslds For Use In Small Field Photon Beam Dosimetry, Christopher Pham

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The goal of this study was to redesign a Radiological Physics Center (RPC) mailable remote audit tool used for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) single beam dosimetry. A prototype phantom was designed and built housing nanoDot (Landauer Inc., Glenwood, IL) Al₂O₃:C optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) whose visible active luminescent area has been masked. The phantom has two measurement points with two OSLDs at each location and a film insert for localization purposes only. The masked OSLDs were characterized accounting for various correction factors associated with OSLD dose calculations. The uncertainties for each correction factor were also investigated. …

Radiogenic Second Cancer Risk Differences In Female Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated With Proton Versus Photon Radiotherapies, Kenneth L. Homann

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is the most common cancer diagnosis of young adults in the United States. Advances in curative treatments for HL, including the use of photon radiation therapy (RT) techniques, have increased 10 year survival rates to approximately 90% among young patients. These RT treatments, however, contribute to an increased incidence of radiogenic second cancer (RSC) formation to the healthy tissue surrounding the tumor volume relative to the general population. These RSCs are the leading cause of death among long-term HL survivors. Proton therapy has been shown to reduce the therapeutic dose, and therefore, the risk of developing a …

The Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius Adhesin Spsd Contains A Central Fibronectin-Binding Domain, Andrea S. Bordt

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a Gram-positive bacterium significant because of its ability to cause costly and difficult to treat veterinary infections worldwide. It exhibits several similarities to Staphylococcus aureus, however, very little is known about its surface adhesins. Surface adhesins in S. aureus are significant contributors to pathogenesis. S. pseudintermedius encodes the surface protein SpsD, which contains characteristics of the microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules family and confers attachment of the heterologous host Lactococcus lactis to fibronectin. This work has identified a centrally-located fibronectin binding domain in SpsD which binds the 30 kDa N-terminal domain of fibronectin with …

Basis For Targeting Met Activation Mediated Resistance To Pi3k Inhibition In Breast Cancer, Ana M. Gonzalez-Angulo

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The identification of resistance mechanisms to emerging therapies, such as those targeting the PI3K pathway and the MET receptor, has the potential to benefit a significant number of patients with breast cancer. In this study we hypothesized that concurrent aberrations in PI3K and MET will render breast cancers resistant to therapies targeting each pathway, and that combination therapy targeting the PI3K and MET pathway will optimize therapy-effect by preventing the acquisition of resistance.

We analyzed cMET and phospho-cMET levels in 257 breast cancer samples and found that high levels of both the proteins were seen in all breast cancer subtypes, …

Neural Correlates Of Audiovisual Speech Perception In Aphasia And Healthy Aging, Sarah H. Baum

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Understanding speech in face-to-face conversation utilizes the integration of multiple pieces of information, most importantly the auditory vocal sounds and visual lip movements. Prior studies of the neural underpinnings of audiovisual integration in the brain have provided converging evidence to suggest that neurons within the left superior temporal sulcus (STS) provide a critical neural hub for the integration of auditory and visual information in speech. While most studies of audiovisual processing focus on neural mechanisms within healthy, young adults, we currently know very little about how changes to the brain can affect audiovisual integration in speech. To examine this further, …

Scanless Fast Handoff Technique Based On Global Path Cache For Wlans, Weetit Wanalertlak, Ben Lee, Chansu Yu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Wireless LANs (WLANs) have been widely adopted and are more convenient as they are inter-connected as wireless campus networks and wireless mesh networks. However, timesensitive multimedia applications, which have become more popular, could suffer from long end-to-end latency in WLANs.This is due mainly to handoff delay, which in turn is caused by channel scanning. This paper proposes a technique called Global Path-Cache (GPC) that provides fast handoffs in WLANs.GPC properly captures the dynamic behavior of the network andMSs, and provides accurate next AP predictions to minimize the handoff latency. Moreover, the handoff frequencies are treated as time-series data, thus GPC …

Vascular Nanomedicine: Site Specific Delivery Of Elastin Stabilizing Therapeutics To Damaged Arteries, Aditi Sinha

All Dissertations

Elastin, a structural protein in the extra-cellular matrix, plays a critical role in the normal functioning of blood vessels. Apart from performing its primary function of providing resilience to arteries, it also plays major role in regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, response to injury, and morphogenesis. Medial arterial calcification (MAC) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are two diseases where the structural and functional integrity of elastin is severely compromised. Although the clinical presentation of MAC and AAA differ, they have one common underlying causative mechanism--pathological degradation of elastin. Hence prevention of elastin degradation in the early stages of MAC and …

Assessment Of The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System (Hfacs): Intra-Rater And Inter-Rater Reliability, Awatef Ergai

All Dissertations

Human error has been identified as the primary contributing cause for up to 80% of the accidents in complex, high risk systems such as aviation, oil and gas, mining and healthcare. Many models have been proposed to analyze these incidents and identify their causes, focusing on the human factor. One such safety model is the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), a comprehensive accident investigation and analysis tool which focuses not only on the act of the individual preceding the accident but on other contributing factors in the system as well. Since its development, HFACS has received substantial research …

Exploring Multiple Levels Of Performance Modeling For Heterogeneous Systems, Venkittaraman Vivek Pallipuram Krishnamani

All Dissertations

The current trend in High-Performance Computing (HPC) is to extract concurrency from clusters that include heterogeneous resources such as General Purpose Graphical Processing Units (GPGPUs) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs). Although these heterogeneous systems can provide substantial performance for massively parallel applications, much of the available computing resources are often under-utilized due to inefficient application mapping, load balancing, and tuning. While several performance prediction models exist to efficiently tune applications, they often require significant computing architecture knowledge for reliable prediction. In addition, they do not address multiple levels of design space abstraction and it is often difficult to choose …

Adaptive Transmission Protocols For Wireless Communication Systems With Fountain Coding, Jason Ellis

All Dissertations

We present low-complexity adaptive protocols for both unicast and multicast transmission in wireless communication systems that employ higher layer fountain codes. Our adaptive protocols respond to variations in channel conditions by adapting the modulation and channel coding of transmitted packets, and they provide efficient communication over wireless channels that experience fading, shadowing, and other time-varying propagation losses. The operation of our protocols is governed by simple receiver statistics that can be obtained during the demodulation of received packets. We present three adaptive protocols for fountain-coded unicast transmission, and compare the throughput performance of our protocols with that of fixed-rate systems, …

Approximation In Multiobjective Optimization With Applications, Lakmali Weerasena

All Dissertations

Over the last couple of decades, the field of multiobjective optimization has received much attention in solving real-life optimization problems in science, engineering, economics and other fields where optimal decisions need to be made in the presence of trade-offs between two or more conflicting objective functions. The conflicting nature of objective functions implies a solution set for a multiobjective optimization problem. Obtaining this set is difficult for many reasons, and a variety of approaches for approximating it either partially or entirely have been proposed.

In response to the growing interest in approximation, this research investigates developing a theory and methodology …

Primary Resonance Behavior Of Expanded Polymer Cushion Material Under Low-Intensity Harmonic Excitations, Gregory Batt

All Dissertations

The demand to lower costs and reduce the amount of packaging materials utilized in a packaged-product system has placed increased importance on the development of tools to model the behavior of packaging systems. In this dissertation, the free and forced vibration response of a nonlinear, distributed-parameter model of a viscoelastic rod with an applied tip-mass is used to investigate the response of expanded polymer cushion materials to low-intensity harmonic excitations. The rod and tip-mass represent an idealized packaged product system. A nonlinear model is developed from constitutive relations. A classical Maxwell-Weichert model, represented via a Prony series, is used to …

Abstract Models Of Molecular Walkers, Oleg Semenov

Computer Science ETDs

Recent advances in single-molecule chemistry have led to designs for artificial multi-pedal walkers that follow tracks of chemicals. The walkers, called molecular spiders, consist of a rigid chemically inert body and several flexible enzymatic legs. The legs can reversibly bind to chemical substrates on a surface, and through their enzymatic action convert them to products. We study abstract models of molecular spiders to evaluate how efficiently they can perform two tasks: molecular transport of cargo over tracks and search for targets on finite surfaces. For the single-spider model our simulations show a transient behavior wherein certain spiders move superdiffusively over …

Model Selection For Stochastic Block Models, Xiaoran Yan

Computer Science ETDs

As a flexible representation for complex systems, networks (graphs) model entities and their interactions as nodes and edges. In many real-world networks, nodes divide naturally into functional communities, where nodes in the same group connect to the rest of the network in similar ways. Discovering such communities is an important part of modeling networks, as community structure offers clues to the processes which generated the graph. The stochastic block model is a popular network model based on community structures. It splits nodes into blocks, within which all nodes are stochastically equivalent in terms of how they connect to the rest …

Investigation Of The Life History And Lipid Content Consequences Of Reduced Abundance Of Delta-9 Desaturases In Drosophila Melanogaster, Li Ko

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) are essential components in all organisms, and the key enzymes that catalyze the production of MUFA are delta-9 desaturases. These enzymes are ER bound and introduce the first double bonds in saturated fatty acids. To investigate the role that delta-9 desaturases play in Drosophila life history and development we performed a series of studies using the RNAi method. Longevity results showed die-off peaks of the knocked-down (KD) flies at day 45. Fecundity study showed decreases in both egg productions and viability of these eggs. Development difficulties were observed in both regular diet and low fat diet. …

An Efficient Two Sample Capture-Recapture Model With High Recaptures, Danjuma Jibasen, Yusuf J. Adams

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper proposed an efficient two sample capture-recapture model (Ma) with high recaptures and compared it with the existing models like the model of no factor effect (Mo), behavioral response model (Mb) and the Petersen model (Ms), using simulated data. We found that the Petersen model provides a better estimate of the population size when the observations follow a hypergeometric distribution and the population is overestimated when recapture is high. It was also found that the proposed model provides a better estimator of the population size than the existing ones when the recapture is high. This model is particularly useful …

Modeling The Nigerian Inflation Rates Using Periodogram And Fourier Series Analysis, Chukwuemeka O. Omekara,, Emmanuel J. Ekpenyong, Micheal P. Ekerete

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This work considers the application of Periodogram and Fourier Series Analysis to model all-items monthly inflation rates in Nigeria from 2003 to 2011. The main objectives are to identify inflation cycles, fit a suitable model to the data and make forecasts of future values. To achieve these objectives, monthly all-items inflation rates for the period were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) website. Periodogram and Fourier series methods of analysis are used to analyze the data. Based on the analysis, it was found that inflation cycle within the period was fifty one (51) months, which coincides with the …

Recent Developments In Slovak Competition Law - Legislation And Case Law Review, Zuzana Šabová, Katarína Fodorová, Daniela Lukáčová

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

No abstract provided.

The Resilience Of Property, Lynda L. Butler

Faculty Publications

Resilience is essential to the ability of property to face transforming social and environmental change. For centuries, property has responded to such change through a dialectical process that identifies emerging disciplinary perspectives and debates conflicting values and norms. This dialectic promotes the resilience of property, allowing it to adapt to changing conditions and needs. Today the mainstream economic theory dominating common law property is progressively being intertwined with constitutionally protected property, undermining its long-term resilience. The coupling of the economic vision of ordinary property with constitutional property embeds the assumptions, choices, and values of the economic theory into both realms …

Members Only: Undocumented Students & In-State Tuition, Angela M. Banks

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.