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2013

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Under A Pale Grey Sky: An Interactive Timeline Of Iroquoian Warfare And Its Impact On The Acceleration Of American Colonization, Thomas Weaver Jan 2013

Under A Pale Grey Sky: An Interactive Timeline Of Iroquoian Warfare And Its Impact On The Acceleration Of American Colonization, Thomas Weaver

Theses

Early American settlers thought the Iroquois to be a violent, forceful and barbaric amalgamation of Native American Nations. Their organization of warfare, community, and politics allowed them to remain one of the most powerful nations for many years. Conflict with other tribes was a normal part of life for the Iroquois and the surrounding nations. However, as the American settlers began moving towards the frontier, Iroquois conflicts with the Algonquian begin to rise in frequency. This led to weakening of the Iroquois population and allowed the American settlers to usurp land from the Six Nations without considerable opposition.

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Review Of The Verdict Of Battle: The Law Of Victory And The Making Of Modern War, Robert D. Sloane Jan 2013

Review Of The Verdict Of Battle: The Law Of Victory And The Making Of Modern War, Robert D. Sloane

Faculty Scholarship

This is a brief review of The Verdict of Battle: The Law of Victory and the Making of Modern War (2012), by James Q. Whitman, a remarkably erudite and original contribution to scholarship on military history and the law of war. It sketches the work’s compelling historical arguments and then critiques its (comparatively modest) polemical dimensions and normative conclusions.

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Midnight Rules: A Reform Agenda, Jack M. Beermann Jan 2013

Midnight Rules: A Reform Agenda, Jack M. Beermann

Faculty Scholarship

There is a documented increase in the volume of regulatory activity during the last 90 days of presidential administrations. The phenomenon of late-term regulatory activity has been called “Midnight Regulation” based on a comparison to the Cinderella story in which the magic wears off at the stroke of midnight. This Report, prepared for the Administrative Conference of the United States, looks closely at one species of Midnight Regulation, namely Midnight Rules, promulgated in the last 90 days of an administration. The Report examines the phenomenon and concludes with recommendations adopted by the Administrative Conference of the United States at its …

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Cuddlefish, Rebekah Gamin Jan 2013

Cuddlefish, Rebekah Gamin

Theses

"Cuddlefish" is an animated graduate thesis film about a young girl who befriends a giant squid. The story contains themes of rejection, hopefulness, and forgiveness. The film's protagonist, a young girl, ambles alone down a busy boardwalk at dusk. She meets a giant squid who is also in need of companionship, and they become friends. However, it's difficult to be friends with a squid. The film was produced primarily in Autodesk Maya with post-production done in Adobe After Effects and Adobe Premiere. The film has a runtime of three and a half minutes. The protagonist and antagonist of the film, …

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Perception Of Poverty: Promoting Social Responsibility Through Multi-Sensory Integration, Daniel Skrok Jan 2013

Perception Of Poverty: Promoting Social Responsibility Through Multi-Sensory Integration, Daniel Skrok

Theses

Traditional graphic design and marketing rely heavily on visual forms of communication. With advertisements all around us, the constant visual bombardment has led to an over stimulated consumer, creating a challenge for designers to invent alternative ways to capture the audience's attention. Multi-sensory integration overcomes this challenge in my opinion, by integrating more than the sense of sight and is more effective and memorable, because it conveys the core message through multiple senses rather than one. The integration of additional senses within the field, particularly olfactory in my opinion, helps to enhance the overall communication and facilitate a more potent …

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"Simple" Takes On The Supreme Court, Robert L. Tsai Jan 2013

"Simple" Takes On The Supreme Court, Robert L. Tsai

Faculty Scholarship

This essay assesses black literature as a medium for working out popular understandings of America’s Constitution and laws. Starting in the 1940s, Langston Hughes’s fictional character, Jesse B. Semple, began appearing in the prominent black newspaper, the Chicago Defender. The figure affectionately known as “Simple” was undereducated, unsophisticated, and plain spoken - certainly to a fault according to prevailing standards of civility, race relations, and professional attainment. Butthese very traits, along with a gritty experience under Jim Crow, made him not only a sympathetic figure but also an armchair legal theorist. In a series of barroom conversations, Simple ably critiqued …

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Attitude Versus Involvement: Predicting Ethically And Socially Responsible Consumption Behavior, Sacha Joseph-Mathews, Nicole Bieak-Kreidler Jan 2013

Attitude Versus Involvement: Predicting Ethically And Socially Responsible Consumption Behavior, Sacha Joseph-Mathews, Nicole Bieak-Kreidler

AMTP Proceedings 2013

Critics argue that the value gap (difference between what consumers say they care about and what they actually choose to purchase) suggests that ethical consumption is not as important as consumers imply. There is much talk about the ethical consumer “myth’ as consumers often claim to be interested in purchasing ethically and socially responsible products yet sales figures for green products often do not exceed 5% total product sales in any one category with organic fruits and vegetables being the one exception. Traditional models use consumer attitudes to the environment as a predictor of ethically and socially responsible consumption behavior …

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The New Borders Of The Constitutional, Gavin W. Anderson Jan 2013

The New Borders Of The Constitutional, Gavin W. Anderson

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The key critical constitutional debates of the future are likely—and need—to be very different from those that animated the Charter’s first thirty years. Since 1982, the borders between law and politics, rights and utility, and the public and the private have staked out the main territory contested by critical scholarship. However, these borders now demarcate a restricted landscape, drawing critics onto the ground of normative debate preferred by liberal theory, and leading them to propose, at best, a form of moderate pragmatism. A more promising approach lies in reconnecting constitutional debate to the socio-historical strand of critical theory, as represented …

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Due Process In Islamic Criminal Law, Sadiq Reza Jan 2013

Due Process In Islamic Criminal Law, Sadiq Reza

Faculty Scholarship

Rules and principles of due process in criminal law--how to, and how not to, investigate crime and criminal suspects, prosecute the accused, adjudicate criminal cases, and punish the convicted--appear in the traditional sources of Islamic law: the Quran, the Sunna, and classical jurisprudence. But few of these rules and principles are followed in the modern-day practice of Islamic criminal law. Rather, states that claim to practice Islamic criminal law today mostly follow laws and practices of criminal procedure that were adopted from European nations in the twentieth century, without reference to the constraints and protections of Islamic law itself. To …

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Ogwehoweneha: A Hodinohsonih Research Methodology, Darren Thomas Jan 2013

Ogwehoweneha: A Hodinohsonih Research Methodology, Darren Thomas

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Critical pathways for the liberation of Indigenous populations will come from “re-membering” our Indigenous ways of knowing, “decolonizing” the Indigenous mind and “re-building” our Nations. Indigenizing the academy allows our original ways of knowing to create space, for Indigenous scholarship to reclaim Indigenous knowledge and reality. By visiting with Hodinǫhśǫ:nih knowledge holders, this MA thesis translates the nature of Hodinǫhśǫ:nih reality, ways of knowing, values, and methods of acquiring knowledge into an Indigenous research methodology. By the ongoing introduction of Indigenous knowledge into a theoretical positioning within the academy, creates opportunity for continued Indigenous knowledge-generation through Indigenous methodologies. Indigenous research …

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(Viewpoint): Science Should Guide Tsca Reform, Rainer Lohmann, Heather M. Stapleton, Ronald A. Hites Jan 2013

(Viewpoint): Science Should Guide Tsca Reform, Rainer Lohmann, Heather M. Stapleton, Ronald A. Hites

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Little is known about the fate of polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) across the Oceans. Air and water were sampled using both active and passive polyethylene samplers on an east–west transect across the tropical Atlantic Ocean in 2009 and analyzed for PBDEs. Typical particle-bound concentrations of PBDEs in the surface water were low, at <1 pg L–1. Truly dissolved concentrations from passive samplers were ∼0.5 pg L–1 for BDE 47 and around 0.1 pg L–1 for BDEs 28, 99, and 100 (results from active samples were compromised). In the atmosphere, particle-bound BDE 209 dominated overall concentrations (median 1.2 pg m–3 …

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Fluid Interactions That Enable Stealth Predation By The Upstream-Foraging Hydromedusa Craspedacusta Sowerbyi, K. Lucas, S. P. Colin, J. H. Costello, K. Katja, E. Klos Jan 2013

Fluid Interactions That Enable Stealth Predation By The Upstream-Foraging Hydromedusa Craspedacusta Sowerbyi, K. Lucas, S. P. Colin, J. H. Costello, K. Katja, E. Klos

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Unlike most medusae that forage with tentacles trailing behind their bells, several species forage upstream of their bells using aborally located tentacles. It has been hypothesized that these medusae forage as stealth predators by placing their tentacles in more quiescent regions of flow around their bells. Consequently, they are able to capture highly mobile, sensitive prey. We used digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) to quantitatively characterize the flow field around Craspedacusta sowerbyi, a freshwater upstream-foraging hydromedusa, to evaluate the mechanics of its stealth predation. We found that fluid velocities were minimal in front and along the sides of the …

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Rebuilding Fish Communities: The Ghost Of Fisheries Past And The Virtue Of Patience, Jeremy Collie, Marie-Joëlle Rochet, Richard Bell Jan 2013

Rebuilding Fish Communities: The Ghost Of Fisheries Past And The Virtue Of Patience, Jeremy Collie, Marie-Joëlle Rochet, Richard Bell

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

The ecosystem approach to management requires the status of individual species to be considered in a community context. We conducted a comparative ecosystem analysis of the Georges Bank and North Sea fish communities to determine the extent to which biological diversity is restored when fishing pressure is reduced. First, fishing mortality estimates were combined to quantify the community‐level intensity and selectivity of fishing pressure. Second, standardized bottom‐trawl survey data were used to investigate the temporal trends in community metrics. Third, a size‐based, multispecies model (LeMans) was simulated to test the response of community metrics to both hypothetical and observed changes …

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Extrahepatic 25-Hydroxylation Of Vitamin D3 In An Engineered Osteoblast Precursor Cell Line Exploring The Influence On Cellular Proliferation And Matrix Maturation During Bone Development, Shelley S. Mason, Sean S. Kohles, Shelley R. Winn, Randy D. Zelick Jan 2013

Extrahepatic 25-Hydroxylation Of Vitamin D3 In An Engineered Osteoblast Precursor Cell Line Exploring The Influence On Cellular Proliferation And Matrix Maturation During Bone Development, Shelley S. Mason, Sean S. Kohles, Shelley R. Winn, Randy D. Zelick

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Osteoblastic precursors experience distinct stages during differentiation and bone development, which include proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) maturation, and ECM mineralization. It is well known that vitamin D plays a large role in the regulation of bone mineralization and homeostasis via the endocrine system. The activation of vitamin D requires two sequential hydroxylation steps, first in the kidney and then in the liver, in order to carry out its role in calcium homeostasis. Recent research has demonstrated that human-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts can metabolize the immediate vitamin D precursor 25- dihydroxyvitamin D₃(25OH₂D₃) to the active steroid 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ …

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The Effects Of Housing Manipulations On Wheel Running, Feeding And Body Weight In Female Rats, Angela Mastroianni Jan 2013

The Effects Of Housing Manipulations On Wheel Running, Feeding And Body Weight In Female Rats, Angela Mastroianni

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Providing rats with running wheel access results in a short-term reduction in feeding and body weight relative to controls; known as the wheel-induced feeding suppression (WIFS). WIFS may parallel aspects of anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder that mostly affects females. Yet, most studies of WIFS and related models use male rats. The present study included female and male rats, where half were given wheel access to measure effects on feeding and body weight. Replication 1 females and Replication 2 males were in unisex housing. Replication 3 males and females were housed in same room. Rats were individually (IH) or pair …

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Appraisal Theory: Old And New Questions, Phoebe C. Ellsworth Jan 2013

Appraisal Theory: Old And New Questions, Phoebe C. Ellsworth

Articles

I describe my current thinking on two old questions—the causal role of appraisals and the relationship of appraisal theories to basic emotions theories and constructivist theories, and three (sort of) new questions—the completeness of appraisals, the role of language, and the development of automaticity in emotional responses.

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A Presumptively Better Approach To Arbitrability, John A. E. Pottow, Jacob Brege, Tara J. Hawley Jan 2013

A Presumptively Better Approach To Arbitrability, John A. E. Pottow, Jacob Brege, Tara J. Hawley

Articles

One of the most complex problems in the arbitration field is the question of who decides disputes over the scope of an arbitrator's purported authority. Courts in Canada and the United States have taken different approaches to this fundamental question of "arbitrability" that necessarily arises when one party disputes the contractual validity of the underlying "container" contract carrying the arbitration clause. If arbitration is a creature of contract, and contract is a product of consensual agreement, then any dispute that impugns the underlying consent of the parties to the container contract implicates the arbitration agreement itself (i.e., no contract, no …

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The Omnipresent Specter Of Omnicare, Sean J. Griffith Jan 2013

The Omnipresent Specter Of Omnicare, Sean J. Griffith

Faculty Scholarship

In this Article, written for a symposium commemorating the tenth anniversary of the Delaware Supreme Court’s opinion in Omnicare, Inc. v. NCS Healthcare, Inc., I argue, notwithstanding reports to the contrary, that Omnicare is still very much with us. Although there is a line of cases that qualifies the narrow holding of the opinion, the strong reading of Omnicare, which requires a fiduciary out in every merger agreement and elevates the “unremitting” duty to remain “fully informed” to an absolute jurisprudential principle, lives on in Delaware law, animating the Court of Chancery’s controversial rulings in the recent standstill cases. Shifting …

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Civil Recourse Defended: A Reply To Posner, Calabresi, Rustad, Chamallas, And Robinette, Benjamin C. Zipursky, John C.P. Goldberg Jan 2013

Civil Recourse Defended: A Reply To Posner, Calabresi, Rustad, Chamallas, And Robinette, Benjamin C. Zipursky, John C.P. Goldberg

Faculty Scholarship

As part of a symposium issue of the Indiana Law Journal devoted to our Civil Recourse Theory of Tort Law, we respond to criticisms by Judge Calabresi, Judge Posner, and Professors Chamallas, Robinette, and Rustad. Calabresi and Posner criticize Civil Recourse Theory as a bit of glib moralism that fails to generate useful answers to the difficult questions that courts face when applying Tort Law. We show with several examples, both old and new, that the glibness is all on their side. From duty to causation to punitive damages, from products liability to fraud to privacy, our scholarship has had …

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Critical Legal Studies In Intellectual Property And Information Law Scholarship, (Symposium), Sonia K. Katyal, Peter Goodrich, Rebecca L. Tushnet Jan 2013

Critical Legal Studies In Intellectual Property And Information Law Scholarship, (Symposium), Sonia K. Katyal, Peter Goodrich, Rebecca L. Tushnet

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Larval Connectivity And The International Management Of Fisheries, Andrew S. Kough, Claire B. Paris, Mark J. Butler Iv Jan 2013

Larval Connectivity And The International Management Of Fisheries, Andrew S. Kough, Claire B. Paris, Mark J. Butler Iv

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Predicting the oceanic dispersal of planktonic larvae that connect scattered marine animal populations is difficult, yet crucial for management of species whose movements transcend international boundaries. Using multi-scale biophysical modeling techniques coupled with empirical estimates of larval behavior and gamete production, we predict and empirically verify spatio-temporal patterns of larval supply and describe the Caribbean-wide pattern of larval connectivity for the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus), an iconic coral reef species whose commercial value approaches $1 billion USD annually. Our results provide long sought information needed for international cooperation in the management of marine resources by identifying lobster larval connectivity …

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Conus: First Comprehensive Conservation Red List Assessment Of A Marine Gastropod Mollusc Genus, Howard Peters, Bethan C. O'Leary, Julie P. Hawkins, Kent E. Carpenter, Callum M. Roberts Jan 2013

Conus: First Comprehensive Conservation Red List Assessment Of A Marine Gastropod Mollusc Genus, Howard Peters, Bethan C. O'Leary, Julie P. Hawkins, Kent E. Carpenter, Callum M. Roberts

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine molluscs represent an estimated 23% of all extant marine taxa, but research into their conservation status has so far failed to reflect this importance, with minimal inclusion on the authoritative Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). We assessed the status of all 632 valid species of the tropical marine gastropod mollusc, Conus (cone snails), using Red List standards and procedures to lay the groundwork for future decadal monitoring, one of the first fully comprehensive global assessments of a marine taxon. Three-quarters (75.6%) of species were not currently considered at risk of extinction owing …

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The Influence Of Calcium And Dissolved Organic Matter On The Acute And Chronic Toxicity Of Nickel To Hyalella Azteca, Katherine Chan Jan 2013

The Influence Of Calcium And Dissolved Organic Matter On The Acute And Chronic Toxicity Of Nickel To Hyalella Azteca, Katherine Chan

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study focuses on the effect of Ca and dissolved organic matter (DOM) on Ni toxicity to Hyalella azteca in soft waters (interpreted in the context of the biotic ligand model (BLM)) and is linked to a larger project directed at understanding the recovery of aquatic systems from long term smelter damage. Amphipods (source: Hannah Lake, Sudbury ON) were cultured and tested in soft waters (12 mg CaCO3/L, pH 7.0, 21ºC) following Environment Canada standard method EPS 1/RM/33 (Environment Canada, 1997). Effects of Ca, but not Mg, were observed where a 5-fold increase in protection was a result …

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Does Ecosystem Disturbance Alter The Capacity Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Mitigate The Impact Of Copper To Hyalella Azteca?, Kelly Livingstone Jan 2013

Does Ecosystem Disturbance Alter The Capacity Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Mitigate The Impact Of Copper To Hyalella Azteca?, Kelly Livingstone

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The potential for aquatic ecosystem recovery as a result of dissolved organic matter (DOM) protecting against metal toxicity has become a significant area of research in environmental toxicology. It is a well-characterized relationship that DOM binds free metal ions in a concentration-dependant manner, making them unavailable for toxic action and a reduction in toxicity is seen. Less understood is source variability and how the upland terrestrial environment influences the protective quality of DOM. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of land disturbance (logging, fire, smelter emissions) on DOM quality by comparing the protective capacity of different …

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"Emotional Landscapes" And The Value Of Sex: Exploring The Lived Experiences Of Sex Workers' Clients, Zoey K. Jones Jan 2013

"Emotional Landscapes" And The Value Of Sex: Exploring The Lived Experiences Of Sex Workers' Clients, Zoey K. Jones

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Clients of sex workers face criminalization and stigmatization in Canada and across the globe; they are commonly depicted by their stereotypes in entertainment and news media and have become a more visible population with the advent of the internet and online erotic review boards. However, these people are infrequently represented by their own voices and stories in academic research and, as such, the reality of being a client is not encompassed by the existing literature. An accurate and comprehensive understanding of the sex industry is particularly important in the twenty-first century, as the laws surrounding sex work in Canada – …

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Heritable Melanism And Parasitic Infection Both Result In Black-Spotted Mosquitofish, Lisa Horth, David Gauthier, Wolfgang Vogelbein Jan 2013

Heritable Melanism And Parasitic Infection Both Result In Black-Spotted Mosquitofish, Lisa Horth, David Gauthier, Wolfgang Vogelbein

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Male Gamhusia holhrooki (Eastern Mosquitofish) express a heritable pigmentation polymorphism approximate to 99% of males are silver, and only approximate to 1% have a melanic, black-spotted pattern. Sex-linkage, an autosomal modifier, and temperature control the expression of this heritable melanism. In many teleosts, melanin also accumulates around the site of parasitic invasion. We have identified black-spot disease in wild mosquitofish from their native habitat. Here, we demonstrate convergence upon the black-pigmented phenotype through two means: 1) heritable melanism, and 2) melanic spotting on the silver genotype that results from infection with immature encysted trematodes. Females are silver and express greater …

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Chemical Defense Of An Asian Snake Reflects Local Availability Of Toxic Prey And Hatchling Diet, D. A. Hutchinson, A. H. Savitzky, G. M. Burghardt, C. Nguyen, J. Meinwald, F. C. Schroeder, A. Mori Jan 2013

Chemical Defense Of An Asian Snake Reflects Local Availability Of Toxic Prey And Hatchling Diet, D. A. Hutchinson, A. H. Savitzky, G. M. Burghardt, C. Nguyen, J. Meinwald, F. C. Schroeder, A. Mori

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Species that sequester toxins from prey for their own defense against predators may exhibit population-level variation in their chemical arsenal that reflects the availability of chemically defended prey in their habitat. Rhabdophis tigrinus is an Asian snake that possesses defensive glands in the skin of its neck (nuchal glands'), which typically contain toxic bufadienolide steroids that the snakes sequester from consumed toads. In this study, we compared the chemistry of the nuchal gland fluid of R.tigrinus from toad-rich and toad-free islands in Japan and determined the effect of diet on the nuchal gland constituents. Our findings demonstrate that captive-hatched juveniles …

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Identifying Requirements For The Invasion Of A Tick Species And Tick-Borne Pathogen Through Ticksim, Holly Gaff, Robyn Nadolny Jan 2013

Identifying Requirements For The Invasion Of A Tick Species And Tick-Borne Pathogen Through Ticksim, Holly Gaff, Robyn Nadolny

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Ticks and tick-borne diseases have been on the move throughout the United State over the past twenty years. We use an agent-based model, TICKSIM, to identify the key parameters that determine the success of invasion of the tick and if that is successful, the success of the tick-borne pathogen. We find that if an area has competent hosts, an initial population of ten ticks is predicted to always establish a new population. The establishment of the tick-borne pathogen depends on three parameters: the initial prevalence in the ten founding ticks, the probability that a tick infects the longer-lived hosts and …

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The Role Of P38 Mapk In The Aetiopathogenesis Of Psoriasis And Psoriatic Arthritis, Athanasios Mavropoulos, Eirini I. Rigopoulou, Christos Liaskos, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Lazaros I. Sakkas Jan 2013

The Role Of P38 Mapk In The Aetiopathogenesis Of Psoriasis And Psoriatic Arthritis, Athanasios Mavropoulos, Eirini I. Rigopoulou, Christos Liaskos, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Lazaros I. Sakkas

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the induction of immune-mediated disorders, such as psoriasis, remain not well characterized. Molecular signaling pathways are not well described in psoriasis, as well as psoriatic arthritis, which is seen in up to 40% of patients with psoriasis. Signaling pathway defects have long been hypothesized to participate in the pathology of psoriasis, yet their implication in the altered psoriatic gene expression still remains unclear. Emerging data suggest a potential pathogenic role for mitogen activated protein kinases p38 (p38 MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the development of psoriasis. The data …

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Engaging Witchcraft Accusations Among Christians As A Vehicle Of African Traditional Religious Self-Advocacy In African Contexts, Robert Magoola Jan 2013

Engaging Witchcraft Accusations Among Christians As A Vehicle Of African Traditional Religious Self-Advocacy In African Contexts, Robert Magoola

The Asbury Journal

That African Christianity is growing in numbers has become a familiar fact; testimony to the commitment of African preachers and adherents to the gospel of Christ. However, a disturbing trend is sweeping over many parts of sub-Saharan Africa in places such as Uganda. It is the increased number of witchcraft accusations that are being leveled against Christians and Christian leaders. In this paper, Robert Magoola acknowledges this unfortunate predicament facing the African church as it maligns Christian gospel proclamation and enhances African traditional religion’s self- advocacy. He evaluates the possible credibility of field-based evidence on the basis of a parable …

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