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2012

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Developmental Changes In Fat Metabolism Of Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca Sexta, Gita Thapa Jan 2012

Developmental Changes In Fat Metabolism Of Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca Sexta, Gita Thapa

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Insects fed high carbohydrate diets have increased fat storage, and excess fat storage in insects may have fitness costs. M. sexta larvae reared on 5.6% fat diet had lower body mass and growth rate compared to those on 3.4% fat or 0.4% fat diets. Fifth instar caterpillars fed high-fat diet ate less food but had higher approximate digestibility than the low-fat diet fed caterpillars. Analysis of fat body and fecal pellet lipid content showed high-fat diet fed caterpillars stored and excreted more lipids than low-fat diet fed caterpillars. To test the hypothesis that increased dietary fat alters lipid transport, we …

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Biogeochemistry Of Wet Ecosystems From Root Zone To Landscape, La Toya Tricia Kissoon Jan 2012

Biogeochemistry Of Wet Ecosystems From Root Zone To Landscape, La Toya Tricia Kissoon

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

The biogeochemistry of wetland ecosystems varies, causing them to act as sources, sinks, filters or transformers of nutrients and pollutants. Wetland plants play important roles in the cycling of elements in wet ecosystems. The structural and physiological adaptations that allow these plants to colonize wetland habitats as emergent or submerged species contribute to biogeochemical processes in wetland substrates. Rhizosphere (root zone) oxidation, iron and manganese oxide precipitation, acidification of the rhizosphere, root exudation, and microbial activity influence the mobility of elements in wetland substrates. Both emergent and submerged wetland plants can alter conditions in the rhizosphere that influence the mobility …

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Ecological And Sociological Considerations Of Wind Energy: A Multidisciplinary Study, Lucas J. Bicknell Jan 2012

Ecological And Sociological Considerations Of Wind Energy: A Multidisciplinary Study, Lucas J. Bicknell

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Wind energy is quickly becoming a critical technology for providing Americans with renewable energy, and rapid construction of wind facilities may have impacts on both wildlife and human communities. Understanding both the social and ecological issues related to wind energy development could provide a framework for effectively meeting human energy needs while conserving species biodiversity. In this research I looked at two aspects of wind energy development: public attitudes toward wind energy development and wind facility impacts on local bat populations. These papers present aspects of wind energy development that have been the subject of increasing study. This preliminary research …

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Does Consumption Of Beef From Cattle Administered Growth-Enhancing Technology Trigger Early Estrus In Pre-Pubertal Gilts?, Giovana Maranho Anderson Jan 2012

Does Consumption Of Beef From Cattle Administered Growth-Enhancing Technology Trigger Early Estrus In Pre-Pubertal Gilts?, Giovana Maranho Anderson

Food Safety

The objective was to determine if pre-pubertal gilts supplemented ground beef obtained from steers implanted with growth enhancing technology caused precocious puberty. Twenty-four gilts were selected for the same birth date from common parentage. Upon reaching 61 days of age, daily delivery of the low-estrogenicity base diet was supplemented with: 114 g beef natural patty (NAT), 114 g beef patty from steers that had received growth promoting implants (100 mg trenbolone acetate and 14 mg estradiol benzoate; IMP), 198 g tofu patty (TOFU), or the negative control (base diet only; CON). The estradiol equivalents (ng/kg) of the TOFU were approximately …

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Population Genetics Of The Western Prairie Fringed Orchid, Andrew August Ross Jan 2012

Population Genetics Of The Western Prairie Fringed Orchid, Andrew August Ross

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

The Western Prairie Fringed Orchid (WPFO) Platanthera praeclara is listed as a federally threatened species in the United States. The habitat of the WPFO is highly fragmented, causing the possibility of genetic isolation among populations. I assessed microsatellite polymorphism in eight WPFO populations using six polymorphic microsatellite markers. High levels of within population genetic diversity were found: 12.5 alleles per locus and mean expected heterozygosity (HE) of 0.622. The genetic structure among the populations was weak; the overall FST value was 0.0692. A mantel test showed no correlation between genetic and geographic distance r = 0.2793 (P = 0.31). The …

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Phosphate Removal And Recovery Using Iron Nanoparticles And Iron Cross-Linked Biopolymer, Talal Bakheet Almeelbi Jan 2012

Phosphate Removal And Recovery Using Iron Nanoparticles And Iron Cross-Linked Biopolymer, Talal Bakheet Almeelbi

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) particles and iron cross-linked alginate (FCA) beads were successfully used for the first time for phosphate removal and recovery. NZVI was successfully used for phosphate removal and recovery. Batch studies indicated a removal of ~96 to 100% phosphate in 30 min (1, 5, and 10 mg PO43--P/L with 400 mg NZVI/L). Phosphate removal efficiency by NZVI was 13.9 times higher compared to Microscale ZVI (MZVI) particles. The successful rapid removal of phosphate by NZVI from aqueous solution is expected to have great ramification for cleaning up nutrient rich waters. The presence of sulfate, nitrate, and humic …

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Development And Scale Up Of Aqueous Surfactant-Assisted Extraction Of Canola Oil For Use As Biodiesel Feedstock, Nattapong Tuntiwiwattanapun Jan 2012

Development And Scale Up Of Aqueous Surfactant-Assisted Extraction Of Canola Oil For Use As Biodiesel Feedstock, Nattapong Tuntiwiwattanapun

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

In oilseed extraction, alternative extraction media have been studied to replace the traditional solvent, hexane, due to health, safety, and environmental concerns. In this work, aqueous surfactant-assisted extraction was developed and scaled up for hexane-free canola oil extraction. An inexpensive commercial surfactant system was formulated and used as an extraction medium based on the dynamic interfacial tension value. The extraction conditions were evaluated to achieve the maximum oil recovery. The highest oil detachment efficiency was 80% in the absence of hexane at room temperature. The extracted oil had acceptable content of free fatty acids, water and phospholipids for use as …

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Identification And Characterization Of Fibrous Zeolites In Western North Dakota, Jason Triplett Jan 2012

Identification And Characterization Of Fibrous Zeolites In Western North Dakota, Jason Triplett

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

The fibrous zeolite mineral erionite is a concern due to its potential for causing lung disease in humans. Studies have shown that exposure to altered volcanic bedrock containing erionite may be the explanation for a high lung disease rate throughout regions of the world (Metintas et al., 1999). Erionite was reported by Forsman (1986) as occurring in tuffaceous rock units of the Arikaree Formation in the Killdeer Mountains of western North Dakota. Rock and soil samples were collected where zeolite minerals are known or suspected to be present including North and South Killdeer Mountains in Dunn County and West and …

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Ecological Complexity Of Non-Native Species Impacts In Desert Aquatic Systems, Sujan Maduranga Henkanaththegedara Jan 2012

Ecological Complexity Of Non-Native Species Impacts In Desert Aquatic Systems, Sujan Maduranga Henkanaththegedara

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Without an adequate understanding of complex interactions between native and non-native species, management of invasive species can result in unforeseen detrimental impacts. I used both field and laboratory experiments to study reciprocal species interactions between the endangered Mohave tui chub (Siphateles bicolor mohavensis) and invasive western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). I also examined the impacts of both fish species on the aquatic invertebrate communities in desert springs. I demonstrate a case of intraguild predation (IGP) as a mechanism facilitating co-persistence of the endangered Mohave tui chub with invasive mosquitofish using field mesocosm experiments. In this case of IGP, adult tui chub …

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Attenuation Of Nitrate From Simulated Agricultural Wastewater Using An Immobilized Anaerobic Biofilm, Mohammad Jahidul Anar Jan 2012

Attenuation Of Nitrate From Simulated Agricultural Wastewater Using An Immobilized Anaerobic Biofilm, Mohammad Jahidul Anar

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

A number of methods are currently in use for attenuating nitrates from wastewater with varying degrees of efficiency. Bioremediation using bacteria may be an efficient and cost effective method. In an anaerobic bioremediation system, nitrate can replace carbon dioxide as an electron acceptor and aids in nitrate attenuation by assimilatory reduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate nitrate attenuation in a hyperfiltration system using a pure culture of strictly anaerobic, facultative Methanobrevibacter ruminantium bacteria. Filtration experiments were conducted using amalgamated Na- montmorillonite clay-glass beads compacted at 500 psi differential hydraulic pressure with or without a biofilm. A simulated …

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Crop And Prairie Grasses Serving As Hosts For The Hessian Fly, Yue Li Jan 2012

Crop And Prairie Grasses Serving As Hosts For The Hessian Fly, Yue Li

Entomology

Insect herbivores typically parasitize a relatively small number of plant species. Host specialization is presumed to be a result of evolutionary arms races, with insect adaptations ultimately restricting host range. Being a gall-maker, the Hessian fly has highly evolved interactions with plant hosts. As a consequence, its host range is expected to be narrow. Two crop species, wheat and barley are hosts of the Hessian fly. I studied whether non-crop grasses can also serve as hosts. Included in tests were seven grass species that are important components of the grasslands of the Northern Great Plains. Although less suitable than wheat …

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Density And Movement Of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines (Hemiptra: Aphididae) In Response To Temperature And Resistant Soybean Plants, Rebecca Ann Whalen Jan 2012

Density And Movement Of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines (Hemiptra: Aphididae) In Response To Temperature And Resistant Soybean Plants, Rebecca Ann Whalen

Entomology

Movement is one way herbivores respond to their host plant, yet the movement of relatively immobile insects has received little attention. We studied how the movement and density of apterous soybean aphids responds to a resistant soybean variety and different temperatures. In Chapter One, we examined aphid movement both within and between soybean plants that varied in their resistance to aphids. Aphids on resistant plants had a wider dispersal, apparently due to greater aphid movement. Consequently, aphids on resistant plants could move to neighboring susceptible plants, thereby increasing their density. In Chapter Two, we measured aphid density and dispersal on …

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Pest Management Of Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus Cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), In Western North Dakota, Joseph Stegmiller Jan 2012

Pest Management Of Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus Cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), In Western North Dakota, Joseph Stegmiller

Entomology

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, is regarded as a major pest of dryland wheat in the Upper Great Plains. For peak emergence of wheat stem sawfly, the most accurate base was 0 C using air temperature, and then degree-day base of 0 C using soil temperatures. For Bracon cephi, the most accurate base temperature was the lower degree-day base using air (0 C) and soil (0 C) temperatures. The solid-stemmed varieties, Mott and Choteau, exhibited the highest stem solidity and also experienced the lowest percentage of wheat stem sawfly damaged stems. The hollow-stemmed varieties, Glenn, Reeder and Steele …

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Oviposition Preference And Larval Host Range Of The Sugarbeet Root Maggot, Kondwani Richmond Msangosoko Jan 2012

Oviposition Preference And Larval Host Range Of The Sugarbeet Root Maggot, Kondwani Richmond Msangosoko

Entomology

The sugarbeet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis Röder, is native to North America; however, its main crop host, sugarbeet, Beta vulgaris L., was introduced to the continent from Europe. This study involved an investigation of the attractiveness of cultivated crops and native North American weed species for oviposition by T. myopaeformis and the relative suitability of these potential host plant species for larval development, thus potentially shedding light on the native and current host range of this pest. Females preferred to oviposit near the following plant species: sugarbeet; spinach, Spinacia oleroceae L.; palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watts.; common lambsquarters, Chenopodium …

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"Where Everything Goes To Hell": Stephen King As Literary Naturalist, Meghan Joy Perry Jan 2012

"Where Everything Goes To Hell": Stephen King As Literary Naturalist, Meghan Joy Perry

English

In his bestselling nonfiction book about the horror genre, Danse Macabre, author Stephen King lists among his idols "the great naturalist writer Frank Norris" (336). While King primarily writes horror fiction, he has often noted his indebtedness to early American literary naturalists. As these naturalist writers have been such an influence in King's life and writing, it seems logical to explore whether King himself, in addition to being a horror writer, can also be considered a literary naturalist. By looking at ideas of both early and contemporary American literary naturalism, I explore how a variety of King's works utilize the …

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"Who Are You And I...?": The Rhetoric Of Identity In The Aloha Eagles Letters, Rebecca Joy Hayes Jan 2012

"Who Are You And I...?": The Rhetoric Of Identity In The Aloha Eagles Letters, Rebecca Joy Hayes

English

In 1969, four years before the Supreme Court’s Roe v. Wade decision, Aloha Eagles, a Republican legislator in the North Dakota House of Representatives, proposed a House Bill 319 to legalize abortion in North Dakota. Throughout the legislative session, Eagles corresponded with many North Dakotans regarding the bill. This study asks how Eagles and her correspondents construct identities, such as mother, citizen, or medical professional, to support or oppose abortion. Using rhetorical and archival research methods to examine rhetorics of identity in 78 pairs of letters between Eagles and her correspondents, the study reveals that writers construct marital, professional, parental, …

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Direct Manipulation Tablet Apps For Education: How Should We Understand Them?, Rich Burkhard, Timothy Hill, Shailaja Venkatsubramanyan, Chang Kim Jan 2012

Direct Manipulation Tablet Apps For Education: How Should We Understand Them?, Rich Burkhard, Timothy Hill, Shailaja Venkatsubramanyan, Chang Kim

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

As the iPad and its competitors create a new product category – apps for mobile, multimedia tablets with touch and gesture interfaces – many are convinced that tablet apps will revolutionize education. For example, hand-controlled, direct manipulation features offer new ways to convey both spatial and abstract concepts, and progressive storylines can adapt to users in real-time. While the effectiveness of tablet apps for learning may seem obvious to new users, how and why particular apps might be effective is new research territory, and the relevance of existing learning theory is unknown. We describe a research program that will explore …

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An Entrepreneurial Perspective On The Business Of Being In Our Profession Conference: The Law: Business Or Profession: The Continuing Relevance Of Julius Henry Cohen For The Practice Of Law In The Twenty-First Century, Steven H. Hobbs Jan 2012

An Entrepreneurial Perspective On The Business Of Being In Our Profession Conference: The Law: Business Or Profession: The Continuing Relevance Of Julius Henry Cohen For The Practice Of Law In The Twenty-First Century, Steven H. Hobbs

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Sensory Imagery In Craving: From Cognitive Psychology To New Treatments For Addiction, J Andrade, J May, Dk Kavanagh Jan 2012

Sensory Imagery In Craving: From Cognitive Psychology To New Treatments For Addiction, J Andrade, J May, Dk Kavanagh

School of Psychology

Sensory imagery is a powerful tool for inducing craving because it is a key component of the cognitive system that underpins human motivation. The role of sensory imagery in motivation is explained by Elaborated Intrusion (EI) theory. Imagery plays an important role in motivation because it conveys the emotional qualities of the desired event, mimicking anticipated pleasure or relief, and continual elaboration of the imagery ensures that the target stays in mind. We argue that craving is a conscious state, intervening between unconscious triggers and consumption, and summarise evidence that interfering with sensory imagery can weaken cravings. We argue that …

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Doing, Seeing, Or Both: Effects Of Learning Condition On Subsequent Action Perception, Alison J. Wiggett, Matthew Hudson, Angela Clifford, Steven P. Tipper, Paul E. Downing Jan 2012

Doing, Seeing, Or Both: Effects Of Learning Condition On Subsequent Action Perception, Alison J. Wiggett, Matthew Hudson, Angela Clifford, Steven P. Tipper, Paul E. Downing

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Implicit Social Learning In Relation To Autistic-Like Traits, Matthew Hudson, Tanja C.W. Nijboer, Tjeerd Jellema Jan 2012

Implicit Social Learning In Relation To Autistic-Like Traits, Matthew Hudson, Tanja C.W. Nijboer, Tjeerd Jellema

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Walking As A Meaningful Leisure Occupation: The Implications For Occupational Therapy, R Wensley, A Slade Jan 2012

Walking As A Meaningful Leisure Occupation: The Implications For Occupational Therapy, R Wensley, A Slade

School of Health Professions

Introduction: In response to growing interest in leisure in occupational therapy and the importance of understanding how occupations maintain, enhance and promote health and wellbeing, a qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to explore the experiences of walking for leisure. Method: Six healthy student participants, identified as regular walkers, were interviewed using a semi-structured format. Data were analysed following interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology. Findings: Participants expressed how and why walking was meaningful to them; the four main themes were social connectedness, wellbeing, connection to nature and achievement from a challenge. Findings suggest that occupational therapists could use walking and leisure occupations …

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