Digital Commons Network^™

田桂荣工作介绍 = Introduction Of Tian Guirong, Guirong Tian

South South Forum 南南論壇

2002年5月，新乡市环保志愿者协会正式成立，十年来，我们带领广大环保志愿者，以大力开展“保护母亲河”活动和拓展壮大环保志愿者队伍相结合为奋斗目标，为提升公众环保意识和推动民间环保事业开展了卓有成效的工作

2008年，我在北京参加中国人民大学举办的环保论坛，接触到了社区支持农业CSA项目，此后，我便开始寻找合适的区域来实施CSA项目。三年来，在各位领导朋友的帮助下，多次邀请专家规划生态园建设，确定了翔实的建设计划，目前已经初步建成一个林木环抱、自然植被丰富，生态结构、生物多样性保持完整的生态农庄。通过从事社区支持农业CAS项目，我们开创了农业生态建设的一条新路。特别是让广大青少年学生参加CSA健康有益的体验，对于丰富孩子们的课外生活，培养孩子的劳动意识与热爱大自然的情怀起到了积极的作用。

从环境角度来说，这里也是发展生态农业园的理想区域。无论男女老少，既可以在这里收获健康的身体又能够获得心灵上的愉悦。

在今后的工作中，我们将继续秉承“支持生态农业、发展绿色消费、促进城乡互助”的理念，借鉴国内外社区支持农业经验，立足于农村丰富的土地、劳动力资源，在先进的生态农业技术和传统的农耕技术的结合下，努力打造一个以生产、休闲、教育为特色的生态农业观光园。

In May, 2002, the Xin Xiang Environmental Volunteer Association was founded. Since then, with the goal of developing the “ProtectingMotherRiver” campaign as well as increasing the number of volunteers enrolled, we have leaded a lot of volunteers to evoke the public’s awareness of environmental preservation, and facilitated non-governmental environmental protection activities.

In2008, I attended a conference about environmental preservation held by Renmin University . During the conference, I learned the CSA program for the very first time. Since then, I started trying to find a suitable area to execute CSA program. During the following three years, …

中国滋根乡村教育与发展促进会简介, Lei Liu

South South Forum 南南論壇

中国滋根乡村教育与发展促进会（以下简称“中国滋根”）成立于1995年，是在国家民政部正式登记的全国性、非营利性社会团体。

中国滋根的宗旨，是支持以人为中心、可持续的发展。

中国滋根支持的对象，是中国贫困农村的农民，以及在城市里艰难谋生的农民工。

支持的重点是人的基本需求，包括基础教育、成人教育、基本医疗卫生、小型经济文化项目和环境保护技术的推广。

“一校一村”：村校互动，打造乡村综合发展参与平台

自2009年以来，中国滋根在长期支持乡村教育与乡村发展的基础之上，从“项目合理布局、资金适度集中、长期扎根基层、立足能力建设”出发，开发了“一校一村”项目群实施计划。

“一校一村”项目“以学校为中心，以村庄为基础”。重视乡村小学作为村庄的中心、社区的公共空间、乡土文化和民族文化传承的平台所起到的重要作用，也是对中国自2001年以来实施的“撤点并校”政策进行的反思，以及就如何保留并建设乡村小学进行多元化的尝试，并就“撤点并校”政策的改进进行试点和政策倡导。

“一校一村”项目以教育为切入点，注重整合学校、社区和家庭的教育功能，鼓励村民和学生家长参与到学校发展中来，组织“家长—教师”协会参与学校发展事务，开展乡土文化进课堂，并在学校基础设施建设中投工投劳。继而鼓励村民和学生家长参与到村庄的其他公共事务中，如村庄垃圾处理、道路修建、乡村文艺队、小型合作经济、合作社建设等。

“一校一村”项目强调村民的能力建设，并为村民提供多样化的学习渠道和交流机会。开展不同省份项目点的互访、不同地区发展经验的交流以及参加各种有关乡村发展的交流会；同时和各级政府部分、各类培训机构合作，直接到村，解决村庄生活生产发展难题。

“一校一村”项目从学校教育、成人教育出发，向基本医疗卫生、小型经济文化项目和环境保护技术的推广迈进，使得项目种类更加多样化，项目内容更加切合当地的特点和需要。其中较为关键的就是让当地人自己去发现问题，讨论解决问题的方法，并一起行动起来去促进问题的解决。

“一校一村”项目都是由由当地人提出申请、提出解决方案。中国滋根工作人员所起到的作用就是和当地人一起发现问题，找到切实有效的解决问题的思路，参与当地项目的实施，总结乡村可持续发展的经验。

“一校一村”项目注重和地方各级政府部门的合作，注重各方社会公益力量的参与，从而打造一个乡村综合发展的参与平台，对公益力量和社会资源进行有效整合，推动城乡互动、村校互动、村民互动，从而促进着村庄的综合发展。

Sustainability In Rural Development Projects In Mexico = 墨西哥农村发展项目的可持续性, Aylin Topal

South South Forum 南南論壇

This paper aims to scrutinize the concept of sustainability in rural development projects by focusing on two recently established “sustainable rural cities” inChiapas,Mexico. First, it will analyze how the International Development Institutions and the Mexican state authorities have employed the concept of rural sustainability. Second, it will lay a historical background to examine why and how these sustainable rural cities have become a policy priority of the Mexican state since 2010. Finally, the paper will present and discuss the findings of the fieldwork carried out in sustainable rural cities of San Juan Grijalva and Santiago el Pinar. The paper will …

Could Cities Feed Themselves? The Case Of The Urban Agriculture Movement In Cuba = 城市能否自给自足? 古巴城市农业运动调查报告, Eduardo Francisco Freyre Roach, May Ling Chan

South South Forum 南南論壇

Before 1990 the production and market of vegetables in Cuba was monopolized by a large state enterprise where horticultural techniques such as hydroponics and zeoponics are used (in zeolite subtract) with heavy use of chemical products. But, in 1991 due to the Collapse of Soviet Socialist System in Eastern Europe, the Cuban agriculture enters into crisis. Without chemicals pesticides and fertilizers, metal containers, and cement, the hydroponic-zeolite technology could not be used anymore. In this context, the Movement of Urban Agriculture was born in which people produce fresh vegetables intensively applying agro-ecological principles and Organic techniques, consume and directly sell …

Csas In Canada And China: Innovation And Paradox, Anthony M. Fuller, Theresa Schumilas, Zhenzhong Si

South South Forum 南南論壇

In recent years thousands of diverse alternative food networks and ventures have emerged around the world. Critical food scholars have argued that these alternatives are in response to a global agro-industrial system which disconnects people from food production and associated ecologies, and that this in turn results in a number of environmental, social, and economic crises vulnerabilities (cf Gomiero, Pimentel & Maurizio, 2011; Weis, 2010). Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) initiatives were among the earliest of these alternatives.

In the original CSA approach, a group of consumers (usually referred to as ‘members’ or ‘shareholders’ support a producer by purchasing a …

Surviving The Fukushima Nuke Crisis : People’S Anger, Anguish, And Alternative Actions = 在福岛核泄漏危机中幸存下去：人民的愤怒、伤痛和另类行动, Masaaki Ohashi

South South Forum 南南論壇

The 2nd worst Nuke Crisis, which has begun 21 month ago in March 11, 2011 from Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Station, has not settled in any sense, but is posing Fukushima people very difficult and unprecedented challenges. This presentation will examine following points:

1. A brief view on the troubled 4 reactors of the Fukushima No.1 Nuclear Power Station, in terms of continuing radiation discharge, on-going but slow dismantling process that takes more than 30-40 years, higher radiation levels in Fukushima Prefecture. etc.
2. The present location of Fukushima people, such as restriction areas (totally, night time etc.), locations and relocations(evacuations) …

Current Situation Of Farmers, Peasants' Movement, And Ecological Agriculture In Nigeria, Arigbede Olaseinde Dr.

South South Forum 南南論壇

No abstract provided.

Discussants On Session 7a : Surviving Crises, Vinod Raina Dr., Pan Jie Dr.

South South Forum 南南論壇

Vinod Raina

A physicist, resigned his job at Delhi University to work at grass roots on issues of rural education and rural development in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. With like-minded colleagues, he initiated the People’s Science Movement in India that attempts to combine knowledge and science to craft alternate development models that improve the quality of life of the disadvantaged sections of society, within the regenerative capacity of the Earth. He worked both at the level of theory and practice in the political, scientific and ecological economy of sustainability. He had been involved with the Bhopal Gas …

Linking Food Systems And Human Health : Geographic Variations In China = 链接食物系统与人类健康：中国城乡之间的差别, Anthony M. Fuller

South South Forum 南南論壇

This paper is exploratory. It seeks to link the two dominant food systems of Chinawith impacts on human health, as measured by the increasing but differential incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases. China is passing through the Nutrition Transition where traditional diets are being replaced by high fat and meat diets, high calorie snacks and meals with high protein and oil intakes.The argument is constructed on the basis that in general urban citizens increasingly consume processed foods manufactured by the industrial food system. Rural people on the other hand remain consuming their traditional diets. Process foods derive from industrial agriculture while …

Gerplasm Property Regimes And The Dilemma Of Sovereignty = 种质产权和维护主权的两难, Tung-Yi Kho

South South Forum 南南論壇

This presentation examines intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes as they apply to agricultural germplasm in the context of global North-South relations. The issue is pertinent particularly since TRIPs (Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) became enshrined in the statutes of the World Trade Organization in 1994, institutionalizing the notion of "germplasm as property" throughout the globe. Yet, the idea of "germplasm as property" is historically a notion culturally specific to the global North. It is perhaps no surprise that many germplasm patents are being held on biological matter that originated in the South – in the Vavilovian "centers of diversity". …

逆流而上 : 巴西与中国农民合作社比较 = Against The Grain : A Comparison Of Peasants’ Cooperatives In Brazil And China, Bing Zheng, Tsui Sit

South South Forum 南南論壇

1980-1990年代，新自由主义风行于全世界。当时巴西危机四伏，(外)债台高筑、通胀恶化、失业率上升、罪案频发，社会冲突此起彼落。越来越多的人一无所有，无以为计，无耕种之地，无栖身之所。另一边厢，中国推行经济改革，采取出口导向的政策，企图在世界中心占一席位。结果引致成千上万的国有工厂工人下岗，农民涌入城市打工。中国现代化借着市场化与商品化的推动，急速发起来，在这股浩浩荡荡的浪潮下，三农(农民、农村、农业)日趋衰落，极待解决。面对急速的现代化、城市化与资本化的主流意识形态，小农村社似乎没有将来可言。被国家权力机构边缘化和忽略的庶民，生存条件越趋恶劣，越见其直面困难的韧力和创造力。本文尝试了解与比较庶民自发组织的力量与实践，他们在寻求生存之道的同时，往往给我们提供了走向摆脱目前困境的、不一样的未来的启示。

本文以巴西无地农民运动(Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra，MST) 于1988年，Santa Catarina 州，成立的西部农牧生产合作社(COOPERATIVA DE PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUARIA UNIÃO DO OESTE, 简称COOPERUNIÃO)，及1998年成立的中国山西省永济市浦韩农村社区为例，阐述民众如何自发组织起来，解决两大难题: (1)公共资源的私有化；(2)以金钱为本的人际关系。MST乃巴西最大的社会运动之一，为争取土地改革而奋斗了超过25年。COOPERUNIÃO被喻为MST合作社模范之一; 浦韩农村社区前身是永济市农民协会，是中国第一家注册的农民组织。现在被喻为农民协会的典范。

两地农村社区努力保存农民的身份及付诸实践: 种地为生，兼经营小工业。两个合作社采取集体管理公共资源像土地与劳动力。COOPERUNIÃO在占领土地之后便成立合作社。蒲韩农村社区成立数个合作社，抗拒个人主义与私有化的浪潮。他们的目的并非有朝一日变成大型粮农企业或者屈从其下。两者的社会结构乃家庭为单位，兼由村社共同治理。两者不断推动体现生态与伦理价值的有机耕作。还有，透过农产品的公平贸易，达至城乡良性互动与合作。

除了经济活动，两者均组织文化与社区活动。被边缘的群体像妇女、老人、青少年、残疾人等都获得机会参加各式各样重建社区的活动。两者均以青年教育与领袖培训为建设未来农村社会工作的重中之重。

两者全力推行以上所有活动乃基于此信念：人民真正的财富乃培育互为依存的、互助互惠的、互相敬重的社会关系，而非以金钱为核心价值的资本主义的社会关系。

During the 1980-1990s, neo-liberalism dominantly prevailed in the world. Brazil was in serious crisis caused by huge foreign debt, escalating inflation, high unemployment, rampant crimes and social conflicts. More and more people are driven to struggle for their own survival with scarcely anything to hold on, no jobs, no land to farm on, and no shelter. As for China around that period, the launching of economic reforms turned China’s central economic planning policy in attempting to earn …

"绿色汉江" 河流保护运动的城市动员 = The City Mobilization Of ‘Green Han River’For River Protection Movement, Jianli Yun, Ling Zhao

South South Forum 南南論壇

自1978年改革以来，中国以牺牲环境为代价步入了高速的工业化。汉江及其支流受到许多低成本运营的中小企业严重污染。随着27%的汉江水将被南水北调到北京，这意味着下游人民也会面临同样的问题。面对所有这些问题，公众通常是责备政府而非行动起来解决问题。直到2002年，运建立发起了湖北省第一个民间环保组织“绿色汉江”。而绿色汉江的核心团队是由几位退休老人组成的。

作为一位老年女性，运建立站在调研、监督、倡导、教育行动和地方村级水项目的最前线。她给3000多人做过600多次演讲。大家都叫她“赤脚环保主义者”或者“环保奶奶”。在整个团队志愿工作的基础上，她用热情和坚持感动了很多人。包括政府、市民、企业、学校、幼儿园，不管是年老的或年轻的、教育家还是村庄社区等社会各阶层，都参与了进来。绿色汉江现有团体会员66个，个体会员160个，3000多名志愿者。经过他们的努力，整治汉江及其支流的污染已经取得到了突破性的转变。越来越多的襄阳人知道了环境问题就在身边，“关爱母亲河，保护水资源”已逐渐变成广大民众的自觉行动。作为一个以社区为本的组织，绿色汉江不是依靠外界的资助，而是依靠志愿者们的热情和责任承担。

运建立和她的志愿者们证明了普通人如何能用行动带来社会和生态环境的改变。越来越多城市和乡村的人们出于基本的生计关切投入到绿色运动当中，而不只是中产阶级的共识。随着数以万计的人们真正的民主志愿参与，这才成为一项可持续的运动。

Since the reform of 1978, China’s high speed industrialization was carried out at the expense of the environment. The Han River and its tributaries were seriously polluted by a lot of small and medium factories operating at low cost. In addition, the diverting of 27% of the river water from Han River to Beijing in the north also means added problems to the people living downstream. Faced with all the problems, the public might blame the government but would not take up action to address the problems. Until 2002, YUN Jianli initiated ‘Green Han River’, the first …

How Is Collectivism Possible In Rural China?, Kin Chi Lau

South South Forum 南南論壇

With the reform policy of 1979, the household responsibility system effectively and largely dismantled the people’s commune system that had been in place for over a decade during the Cultural Revolution. Partly as an imperative policy from above, and partly as an aspiration of peasant households to claim right of usage over a piece of land, over 90% of rural assets that were collectively owned and managed by the village community have been de-collectivized. Nevertheless, fragments of collectivity have remained in diverse forms, with variations in terms of ownership or management.

Two cases have drawn much media attention: the Huaxi …

Claiming Neutrality And Confessing Subjectivity In Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings, Carolyn Shapiro

All Faculty Scholarship

Supreme Court confirmation hearings provide a rare opportunity for the American people to hear what (would-be) justices think about the nature of judging and the role of the Supreme Court. In recent years, nominees have been quick to talk about judging in terms of neutrality and objectivity, most famously with Chief Justice Roberts’ invocation of the “neutral umpire,” and they have emphasized their reliance on legal texts and sources as if those sources can provide answers in difficult cases. Many of the cases heard by the Supreme Court, however, do not have objectively correct answers that can be deduced from …

The Faithful Flyer, 12-09-2012 To 01-13-2013, University Of Dayton. Campus Ministry

Chapel Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Deafdigest: Gold Edition, December 9, 2012, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Gold 2012

No abstract provided.

Deafdigest: Blue Edition, December 9, 2012, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Blue 2012

No abstract provided.

12/09/2012 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 12/09/2012. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

Unemployment And Regulatory Policy, Eric A. Posner, Jonathan Masur

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Unemployment And Regulatory Policy, Eric A. Posner, Jonathan Masur

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

No abstract provided.

"To Be A Friend To Animals" Children's Book Reading And Discussion, Samantha Kirsch

Honors Projects

The author describes a project in which she created a book for children discussing animal rights and vegetarianism. She then discusses her experience trying to publicize the book at various local venues. Her ultimate goal was to have a book reading in which children and adults could discuss issues related to animal rights.

2012-2013 Gingerbread Holiday Concert, Lynn University Philharmonia, Albert George Schram

Philharmonia

10th Annual Gingerbread Holiday Concert sponsored by Bank of America, presented by Lynn University and Friends of the Conservatory

Contestation, Cooperation And The Transborder Commons, Carl Middleton

South South Forum 南南論壇

The Mekong River traces its 4,900 kilometer path southwards through the heart of mainland Southeast Asia from its source in the Himalayan Tibetan plateau through Yunnan Province of China, Myanmar/ Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Host to the world’s largest inland fishery and vital to agriculture, the Mekong River is a transboundary commons that is central to the livelihoods, local economies and culture of millions of people living within the basin.

Mainland Southeast Asia is rapidly industrializing, urbanizing, and undergoing a process of regional economic integration shaped predominantly by neoliberal economic policies. Economic growth is uneven, however, and large …

Mapping The Global Land Grab, Neide Vargas

South South Forum 南南論壇

2008年以后，在美联储、英格兰银行、欧洲央行宽松的货币政策的刺激下，国际金融资本在世界范围内的圈地运动愈演愈烈。目前，一些中心国家及边缘国家的农业公司、资本集团之间展开了圈地竞赛，目标主要集中在拉丁美洲、非洲，以及澳大利亚。在这一形势下，考虑到农产品的生产与需求的现状，农地，或者有潜力开发为农地的土地在未来会变得愈加稀缺。我们试图帮助理解这一趋势。

这一场圈地运动是由国际投资基金、主权财富基金、各国国有产业集团、农业企业等资本集团掀起的。各国政府在其中扮演了推动和刺激企业圈地的角色，为全球范围的圈地活动提供了平台。很多政府和多边机构为此提供了有利的政策。这里面的各种关联错综复杂，难以理清，投机交易与套利活动涉及很多国家和组织，编织成了一张全球性网络，并呈持续扩张态势。目前的土地交易，都是资本在追逐短期利润的投机动机下进行的，这将给上述相关地区带来很大的风险和不确定性，我们将用GRAIN的数据揭示当下这一圈地运动的特点。

转基因话语、利益结构与基因竞赛 = Transgenicdiscourse, Interest Structure And Gene Competition, Li Zhou

South South Forum 南南論壇

由于近些年生物技术的突飞猛进，世界各国已经展开了一场类似于核竞赛，又远比核竞赛更为隐秘和严重的基因竞赛，我们需要认识转基因竞赛甚至战争的性质，走出技术化的缺乏主体性的转基因话语讨论。转基因研发推广过程中，有七股力量已经联合，形成一个利益共同体，使得转基因大潮势不可挡：跨国粮商得利润、外国政府得战略、地方政府得政绩、中资公司得好处、科研院所得经费、国家部门得租金、种粮农民得闲暇。我们需要认识让生存逻辑和生命逻辑，服从于商业逻辑和政治逻辑的转基因利益结构，认识其可能导致人类生存危机等系统性风险，旗帜鲜明地反对转基因育种和产业化推广；退一步讲，即使进行转基因技术的研发，也要采用国家集中体制，以防止类似核扩散的基因技术不可控行为的发生，阻止一场在种子领域的殖民掠夺；同时重点发展和推广常规育种，强化农田水利建设，采用更为安全可行的措施，以阻止人类在转基因领域的自杀式竞争。

Since the rapid development of the biotechnology in recent years, the countries in the world have already started a new kind of competition—genetic competition, which is similar to nuclear arms race but far more secret and serious. We need to recognize the nature of the transgenic contest and genetic war, getting out from the subjectivity-absent technical discussion on transgenic technology. In the process of transgenic research and development(R&D), seven forces have already jointed and formed a “community of interests”, pushing the transgenic trends overwhelming: the international food dealers gain profits, foreign government wins strategy, local government achieves performance, Chinese-funded …

Structural Crisis, Speculative Attacks And Food Sovereignty, Pedro Paez

South South Forum 南南論壇

The present crisis is not only a financial one. It is a crisis of civilization. The convergence of long term contradictory processes in several levels (economic, demographic, ecological, etc.) has reduced capital’s margin of maneuvering with historical progressive projection, opening the room for very painful situations for large segments of Earth’s population.

The anti-fascist forces victory in the Second Word War triggered the constitution of a series of regimes of accumulation with significant endogenous dynamics of growth based upon re-distributive patterns at the domestic and the international levels that expressed the new balance of power. The pervasive destruction of local …

Economic Resilience : Including A Case Study Of The Global Transition Network, Julie Richardson

South South Forum 南南論壇

This paper explores the dynamic properties of organisms and ecosystems that make them so resilient and capable of adapting to changing circumstances, allowing them to maintain an overall condition of coherence, wholeness and health while living in balance within the resources of the planet. Key principles of resilient ecological systems are explored including: self-regulation; positive and negative feedback; diversity; scale and context; cooperation; emergence and novelty; and ecological tipping points. In contrast, market based economic systems can produce unstable growth with unintended destruction of cultural and species diversity and homogenisation of global life-styles. The paper re-examines fundamental economic principles using …

Alternatives In Times Of The Reinvention Of Capitalism, Pablo Solon

South South Forum 南南論壇

Crisis & reconfiguration

1. A new attack to the labor force
2. Privatization of public services and knowledge (the commons)
3. The expansion of financialisation
4. A new assault to Mother Earth: Natural capital
5. Intervention, criminalization and war

Gpsa Council Meeting, 12/8/2012, Graduate And Professional Student Association

GPSA Meeting Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Changes In Thermospheric Temperature Induced By High-Speed Solar Wind Streams, Larry Gardner, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk, Rod Heelis

All Physics Faculty Publications

During high-speed stream (HSS) events the solar wind speed increases, and the cross polar cap potential increases, leading to increased Joule heating at high latitudes. The heat input at high latitudes heats the polar regions, which then conducts to lower latitudes, producing global heating. The heating occurs during the risetime of the cross polar cap potential and throughout the period of high cross polar cap potential as seen in our simulation. These simulations are performed using the Utah State University global thermosphere model driven by Joule heating rates that are consistent with electric fields observed by DMSP-15 observations of HSS …