Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Gender Role Violations On Hypermasculine Men's Aggression In A Laboratory Paradigm, Hannah Borhart

Theses and Dissertations

Research on gender roles has indicated that men who adhere strongly to their masculine identity are more aggressive than their less traditional counterparts and that their aggressive tendencies tend to be amplified when they encounter others who violate traditional gender roles. There have been few studies that examined the relationship between hypermasculinity and gender role violations without the use of sexual orientations as the violations and no laboratory studies directly comparing a hypermasculine man's aggression towards a gender role violating man and a gender role violating woman. In this study, forty-five men competed in a laboratory aggression paradigm against a …

Development Of Ionic Liquid Swelled Poly-Electrolyte Membranes For Use In Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Eric D. Schmid

Theses and Dissertations

Poly(diallyldimethylammonium iodide) (poly(DADMAI)) was obtained from poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (poly(DADMAC)), via a simple ion exchange. This novel polyelectrolyte was then swelled with 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazolium iodide and used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). It was hypothesized that the swelled polyelectrolyte would combine the excellent performance of low viscosity electrolyte solvents with the high stability of low vapor pressure solid-state electrolytes, leading to a high performance and an improved longevity in DSSC electrolytes. A factorial design was implemented to determine the effects of polymer type, polymer molecular weight, ionic liquid loading and ionic liquid alkyl chain length. High power conversion efficiencies achieved 1.60% …

Computation Of The Response Of Thin Piezoelectric Films, Marc Cierzan

Theses and Dissertations

This work shows that a mix of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and numerical differentiation and integration methods can be used in order to calculate the output charge of a thin piezoelectric film bonded to a shell structure. The method is applied to cases of a cylindrical shell structure, as well as a beam and plate for both generic and shaped piezoelectric films. An overview of the fundamentals of shell vibration theory is presented where the development of the piezoelectric film equation is reviewed and applied to the three different structure cases. The FEA process used is discussed in terms of …

"There I, Paul Dolnstein, Saw Action." The Sketchbook Of A Warrior Artisan In The German Renaissance, Danielle Mead Skjelver

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis provides analysis, transcription, and translation of Paul Dolnstein's early sixteenth century annotated sketchbook. The study offers insight into one `type' of German Renaissance mercenary, the sedentary type. Known as Landsknechts, German Renaissance mercenaries were prized for their discipline on the field and for their commanders' ability to provide well equipped and well trained armies for the battlefields of Europe. As opposed to roving Landsknechts who followed the drums of war year in and year out, the sedentary Landsknecht retained his roots and returned to civilian work in his town of origin between campaigns. He might serve in only …

Selective Mutism And Art Therapies, Dalene Erickson

Theses and Dissertations

Selective Mutism (SM) is a social anxiety disorder characterized by a child's inability to speak in selected social situations, usually school. The causes of SM are multi-factorial. Affected children often have a history of anxiety, linguistic and motor disorders. Current therapies include a mix of anti-anxiety medication, behavioral modification therapy and anxiety reduction techniques.

Art therapy, (dance, drama and theater), has been shown to be beneficial in reducing anxiety and encouraging communication through forms other than speaking. Art therapy could be a valuable modality, benefitting children with SM.

I surveyed parents, teachers, former teachers of children with SM, and adults …

Perceived Deployment Stressors And Well-Being Among Veterans Of Iraq And Afghanistan, Abigail Fuller

Theses and Dissertations

The current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are unlike previous wars and present new challenges for service members post deployment. Currently, service members deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan are experiencing a number of stressors that may have implications during their post deployment adjustment (Kline et al., 2010; La Bash et al., 2009; McNulty, 2005). Few studies were found that examined the stressors of deployment and their relationship to the health and well-being of veterans upon return home. Therefore, a more complete understanding of the deployment experiences of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is needed in order to have an adequate understanding …

Fluxon Dynamics In Two-Gap Superconductor-Based Long Josephson Junction, Bal Ram Ghimire

Theses and Dissertations

A superconducting tunnel junction with two-gap superconductors, such as MgB₂ and iron-based superconductors, can lead to more interesting phase dynamics than those with one-gap superconductors. The phase dynamics in a long Josephson junction (LJJ) may be described by using the sine-Gordon equation. The difference in the phase dynamics between the LJJ with two-gap superconductors and that with the one-gap superconductors arises due to the presence of multiple tunneling channels between the superconductor (S) layers and the inter-band Josephson effect within the same S layer. The inter-band Josephson effect leads to both spatial and temporal modulation of the critical current …

Comparison Of Ceres-Modis Derived Polar Cloud Properties With Cloudsat/Calipso And Ground-Based Measurements, Kathryn Giannecchini

Theses and Dissertations

Passive satellites often face difficulty when detecting clouds over snow and ice covered surfaces beneath them. The recent launches of active satellites, which directly measure cloud properties, have allowed scientists to gain a firsthand look at the complex cloud profiles across polar regions. To help quantify the differences between passive and active satellite retrievals, cloud properties derived for the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) project using MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data are compared with combined measurements from Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) and CloudSat (CC), and Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) …

Delay Discounting Among American Indian And Non-Indian College Students, Angelique Gillis

Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the concept of delay discounting among a total 200 participants (150 American Indian college students and 50 non-Indian college students) recruited from the University of North Dakota (UND), Turtle Mountain Community College (TMCC), and Cankdeska Cikana (Little Hoop Community College. All participants completed the South Oaks Gambling Scale (SOGS), Gambling Functional Assessment (GFA), Sensation Seeking Scale-V (SSS-V), and a delay discounting questionnaire. American Indian participants completed an additional form-Northern Plains Biculturalism Inventory-revised (NPBI-R). It was hypothesized that American Indian participants from the reservation sample would have higher SOGS scores than participants …

Factors That Influence Program Completion: Predicting Kentucky Drug Court Completion Outcomes, Elizabeth R. Hagensen

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines data collected from Kentucky Drug Court to determine factors associated with program completion outcomes. Extant research on drug court completion outcomes is generally limited to individual drug courts and includes small numbers of observations. This research uses more than three thousand participant records spanning over three years from all Kentucky Drug Courts. Multiple logistic regression is used to determine which factors predict program completion. Participant characteristics, problem behaviors, and drug court variables are examined. Increase in age, earning at least a high school diploma, indicating methamphetamine or other stimulant as a drug of choice, and being married …

Media Portrayals Of Political Spouse's Communication On The Campaign Trail: A Content Analysis, Anita Lynn Herold

Theses and Dissertations

A good public image is important to everyone, but it is vital to political

candidates. Media content has been the focus of much research, but most centers on the candidate as an individual. This research explores media portrayals of the communication that occurs between a candidate and their spouse.

A content analysis of newsmagazine articles from September 1, 2010 to November 1, 2010 was conducted exploring concepts relating to candidate status, spouse's sex, gender roles and stereotypes, acceptance, and media ideology.

Only 8.82% of the articles contained instances of spousal communication. All of these communication events portrayed in the article …

High Resolution Determination Of Nanomolar Concentrations Of Dissolved Reactive Phosphate In Ocean Surface Waters Using Long Path Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cells (Lwcc) And Spectrometric Detection, Louise A. Zimmer, Gregory A. Cutter

OES Faculty Publications

In the last decade, long path length, low volume, liquid waveguide capillary cells (LWCC) in conjunction with conventional nutrient auto-analyzers have been applied to determinations of nanomolar levels of phosphate, nitrate, and nitrite in oligotrophic waters. This article reports a high resolution, real-time, continuous method for nanomolar dissolved reactive phosphate measurements in ocean surface waters with data logging every 30 seconds for up to 16 consecutive hours. Surface seawater is pumped continuously from a shipboard underway tow-fish unit to a helium gas-segmented, continuous-flow, nutrient auto-analyzer modified with a 250 cm LWCC. To circumvent baseline instability due to reagents, a parallel …

Rapid And Noncontaminating Sampling System For Trace Elements In Global Ocean Surveys, Gregory A. Cutter, Kenneth W. Bruland

OES Faculty Publications

A system for the rapid and noncontaminating sampling of trace elements with volumes of up to 36 L per depth and including the dissolved and particulate phases has been developed for ocean sections that are a crucial part of programs such as International GEOTRACES. The system uses commercially available components, including an aluminum Seabird Carousel with all titanium pressure housings for electronics and sensors to eliminate zinc sacrificial anodes and holding twenty-four 12 L GO-FLO bottles, and a 7500 m, 14 mm Vectran conducting cable (passing over an A-frame with nonmetallic sheave) spooled onto a traction winch. The GO-FLO bottles …

Δ13c Is A Signature Of Light Availability And Photosynthesis In Seagrass, Xingping Hu, David J. Burdige, Richard C. Zimmerman

OES Faculty Publications

We explored the role of light-saturated (carbon-limited) photosynthesis on δ¹³C of turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum Banks ex Konig) populations from the clear, blue waters of the Great Bahama Bank and the turbid, green waters of Florida Bay using field observations and radiative transfer models. Consistent with numerous previous observations, leaf δ¹³C decreased significantly with water depth in both regions. However the δ¹³C for Bahamas turtlegrass was 3 parts per thousand heavier than that for Florida Bay turtlegrass at equivalent depths, and broadband irradiance explained even less of the δ¹³C variations than depth. Instead, leaf δ¹³C showed a stronger relationship to …

Peer Mentoring And Empathy, Ronald Wayne Hochstatter

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the impacts of mentoring training, empathy training and sex difference on peer mentoring relationships. Mentoring training was conducted by the investigator and empathy training was provided by the University of North Dakota's Conflict Resolution Center. A total of 174 participants enrolled in an eight-week peer mentoring program. Participants were randomly selected and placed in four groups, no training, mentoring training, empathy training and both mentoring and empathy training. Mentors were asked to complete the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Prosocial Personality Battery. Protégés were asked to complete the Protégé Satisfaction Scale and the Relational Assessment Scale. Findings …

Separation And Purification Of Aromatics From Cracked Crop Oils Using Sulfolane, Nahid Khatibi

Theses and Dissertations

Aromatics, such as benzene and toluene, are important for the production of many materials such as polystyrene and other polymers. Benzene and toluene are, most commonly produced from crude oil. But due to the depletion of petroleum resources, the world is looking for renewable alternatives.

Studies of the catalytic cracking of triacylglycerol containing oils (TAG), such as soybean oil, have demonstrated that a high concentration of aromatics can be produced under certain conditions. This discovery provides an opportunity to develop a pathway for the production of aromatics from renewable resources. The main focus of this research was to develop the …

Impacts Of Transportation And Population Upon Western North Dakota School Consolidation, Angela M. Kitzan

Theses and Dissertations

Western North Dakota school district consolidations continue to be a topic of great local concern. This is apparent in the Hebron, Glen Ullin, and Richardton-Taylor school districts. A qualitative case study of these communities addressed the importance of four school district consolidation issues to the area: 1) time zones differences; 2) time on a bus; 3) identifying key stakeholders; and 4) other factors as noted by respondents. Data was collected from a mail back questionnaire sent to administrators and school board members. Major findings were: 1) time zones differences were of minimal importance; 2) time spent on a bus was …

The Relationship Between Atmospheric Circulation Patterns And Water Surface Elevation In Devils Lake, North Dakota: 1965-2010, Emily Ann Knish

Theses and Dissertations

The Devils Lake Basin is a sub-basin of the larger Red River Basin located in east-central North Dakota. It is a terminal saline lake, which lacks an outlet until the lake level reaches a water surface elevation (WSE) of 1,458 ft asl (444.4 m). Lake levels have fluctuated continuously since the last glaciation, in response to natural climatic variations. The lake has risen steadily since 1993, severely affecting the infrastructure and residents living within the area. There has been much debate over whether the rising waters are caused by natural climatic variations or by the drainage of wetlands and agricultural …

Workshop Training And Instructional Coaching: A Model For Professional Development That Results In Academic Student Growth, Amy Jo Leonard

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined two forms of Professional Development, workshop training and instructional coaching together and workshop training alone. All participating teachers attended the same workshop training on vocabulary instruction and were trained in using procedural cards for teaching science vocabulary. Two teachers were randomly selected to be in the experimental group (workshop training and instructional coaching together) and two teachers were randomly selected to be in the control group (workshop training alone). The experimental group received six weeks of instructional coaching including pre-conferencing, post-conferencing, and classroom observations with feedback. Using posttest t-test, the researcher determined the effects of both the …

Theoretical Studies Of The Ground And Low-Lying Excited States Of [3,3']Bidiazirinylidene(C2n4), Tetramethyleneethane Diradical, And Arsenic And Selenium Oxides, Rashel Makane Mokambe Sumpter

Theses and Dissertations

₂ and ₄ and ₅ and ₃

_n and _m

The Urotsa Bladder Cell Model For Heavy Metal Carcinogenesis: Characterization With Respect To The Role Of Beclin-1 And Sparc Expression, Jennifer Larson

Theses and Dissertations

The development of bladder cancer is known to have a strong association with environmental toxins. This laboratory employs the human Urotsa cell line model to explore the relationship between As+3 and Cd+2 exposure and the development of urothelial cancer.

The parental Urotsa cells and their As+3 and Cd+2 transformed counterparts have been used to define the mechanism of cell death (apoptosis and/or necrosis). A third mechanism of cell death, autophagy, has not yet been investigated. The hypothesis for the current study is that the autophagy pathway involving beclin-1plays a role in Urotsa cell death mechanisms. A combination of real time …

H-Alpha Narrow Band Filter Commissioning And Imaging At The Und Observatory, Rakesh R. Nath

Theses and Dissertations

The University of North Dakota (UND) Observatory will commence solar observations with the commissioning of a DayStar 0.4-Angstrom Hα filter attached to a Meade LX200 Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope. Imaging will occur using a Finger Lakes Instrumentation PL16803 front illuminated, monochrome CCD/filter wheel with a neutral density filter. An interference eliminator is also present in the optical train. This effort is part of a larger effort to develop an independent, externally-funded solar physics group at UND. This work is the first effort at gaining direct experience with solar instrumentation, observations, calibrations, and post-image processing. The primary goals of this Master's thesis project …

Water Level Quantiles Of Devils Lake Under Down-Scaled Gcm Predictions Using A Coupled Hydro-Climatic Model, Hasin Shahad Munna

Theses and Dissertations

The research focuses in calibrating a coupled rainfall-runoff model and a reservoir model for the Devils Lake using data from both ground gage stations and NASA satellite observations. The purpose is to determine the feasibility of using spatially distributed GCM data with a well calibrated hydro-climatic model to predict the probable flood severities. A temperature-based evaporation prediction model is also developed to simulate the outflow from the terminal lake. Future hydrology of the basin and lake levels of Devils Lake are simulated using the weather samples obtained from several downscaled GCM runs under varying scenarios due to anthropogenic modifications and …

Development Of A Spreadsheet For Bar Graph Softening, James Norberg

Theses and Dissertations

Lime softening has been commonly used for decades for hardness removal in water treatment. Many methods are used for controlling lime feed to a water treatment system. Concentrations in influent to or effluent from a water softener are most often determined manually by physical measurements, though they can also be automatically measured by various devices. Based on influent concentrations, hand calculations can be made for determination of the required chemical feed. Alternatively, required lime dosage can be estimated and then adjusted until the desired effluent quality is attained. This type of iterative method requires special attention and multiple adjustments under …

An Epidemiological Study Of Collegiate Women's Basketball Injuries, Alexandria Fern Pulvermacher

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To study injuries that affect a women's collegiate basketball team and to examine the relationship between injury rates and specific risk factors. Method: Baseline data were collected on the basketball team through pre-participation physical, medical history questionnaires, and a balance measurement. The players were followed throughout their regular season and all injuries and exposure times were recorded. Results: Injury rates were 11.25/1000 hours (2011-12 season), and 14.34/1000 hours (2010-11 season). In the unadjusted Poisson regression analysis of injuries per 1000 hours exposure the following risk factors resulted in a significant effect: previous injury, weight lifting, center, and forward. Conclusion: …

Native American Secondary Female Students' Perspectives On School Success, Frances Ann Rodenburg

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative study was twofold: (a) to gain an understanding of how students perceive their own academic successes, learning experiences, and factors that contribute to their success; and (b) to document oral stories students shared about their experiences through transcribed interviews. The information gathered was intended to support educators in understanding factors contributing to school success for Native American students. Students interviewed were eight female, Native American students in Grades 8 through 10, living in poverty, and scoring at proficient or advanced levels on their 2009-2010 state assessment in both reading and math.

Students attended various schools …

Analysis Of Yscf And Associated Homologs And The Presence Of An Inflammatory Molecular Pattern, William Andrew Roughead

Theses and Dissertations

Gram-negative pathogen, Yersinia pestis, expresses a type three secretion system to accomplish its virulence. The YscF needle protein provides a conduit of effectors from bacterium to eukaryote and is exposed to the host immune system. This thesis explores YscF and its associated needle homologs and the possibility of recognition as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) by macrophage tissue culture. Interestingly, Salmonella homologs PrgI and SsaG are inflammatory suggesting conservation of the inflammatory pattern in the T3SS needle protein.

Professional Behaviors, Sense Of Belonging, And Professional Socialization Of Early Career Clinical Laboratory Scientists, Janna Marie Schill

Theses and Dissertations

Professional socialization is a process that individuals experience as members of a profession and consists of the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences that influence and shape their professional identity. The process of professional socialization has not been studied in the clinical laboratory science profession. Clinical laboratory science is an allied health profession that is faced by a workforce shortage that has been caused by a decrease in new graduates, decreased retention of qualified professionals, and increased retirements. Other allied health professions such as nursing, athletic training, and pharmacy have studied professional socialization as a way to identify factors that may influence …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Self-Assembly Of Bi-Carbamates And Tri-Carbamates, Rajiv Kumar Singh

Theses and Dissertations

Recent decades have witnessed the discovery of a wide variety of nanomaterials. These nanomaterials vary from zero-dimensional nanodots to three-dimensional nanoflowers. However the properties of these nanomaterials have not been fully explored. A majority of the nonmaterials discovered so far are inorganic. There is little information about nanomaterials which are entirely based on organic compounds. Therefore this thesis focuses on the synthesis of two-dimensional nanosheets based on organic frameworks.

In this study, a number of two-armed and three-armed carboxamides and carbamates have been synthesized, characterized and self-assembly process was studied. The self-assembly of these amides and carbamates were studied in …

Atmospheric Mass Loss And Orbital Evolution Of Exoplanets, Nicole Thom

Theses and Dissertations

The distributions of the semi-major axes and masses of close-in planets (planets within 0.1 AU of their host stars) provide clues to their origin. Over billions of years, the mass and orbital distance are constantly evolving. Tidal forces and atmospheric mass loss, driven by stellar ultraviolet flux, can influence the observed planetary distribution. Coupling these effects can lead to a greater understanding of how the observed distribution was shaped and may help to explain the gaps in the distribution of mass and semi-major axes for these close-in planets.

To study the effects of mass loss and tides, we applied a …