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Organometallic Heterocycles And Acene-Quinone Complexes Of Ruthenium, Iron And Manganese, Uttam Raj Pokharel

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

A variety of organometallic-fused heterocycles and acene quinones were prepared and characterized. This work was divided into three parts: first, the synthesis of 5,5-fused heterocyclic complexes of tricarbonylmanganese and (1’,2’,3’,4’,5’-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium; second, the synthesis of 1,2-diacylcyclopentadienyl p-cymene complexes of ruthenium(II); and third, synthesis of cyclopentadienyl-fused polyacenequinone complexes of ruthenium, iron and manganese.

The first examples of the convenient, versatile and symmetric cyclopentadienyl-fused heterocycle complexes of (1’,2’,3’,4’,5’-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II) and tricarbonylmanganese(I) were synthesized starting from (1,2-dicarbophenoxycyclopentadienyl)sodium. The sodium salt was transmetalated using [MnBr(CO)₅] and 1/4 [Ru(μ3-Cl)(Cp*)]₄ to give [Mn(CO)₃{η⁵-C₅H₃(CO₂Ph)₂-1,2}] …

How A Silent Mutation Suppresses The Activity And Iron Incorporation In Superoxide Dismutase, Xiaonan Mei

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

A mutation (CTG to TTG) of FeSOD gene was found in Escherichia coli. Since they both encode leucine, it is a silent mutation. Site-­‐directed mutagenesis was applied to correct the mutation, and the mutant FeSOD (before gene correction) and wild type FeSOD (after gene correction) were purified. The FeSODs from the two genes were Characterized using different assays and spectroscopic methods including EPR and CD. The requirement for the rare codon TTG may result in slowed translation and heavy demand on a scarce tRNA. Cultures expressing wild type FeSOD are better able to grow for long times after addition of …

Investigations Into Modulation Of Brain Oxidative Stress By Various Interventions, Jessica Lynn Harris

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

In this thesis study we examined glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and its effects over Nrf2 and Pin 1 as it relates to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a prolonged high oxidative environment. Transcription factor Nrf2 is vital in the brain’s defense against oxidative insults through its up-regulation of over 100 antioxidants. Depletion of the brain’s antioxidant defense system results in intolerance to an oxidative environment, contributing to the progression of AD. The regulatory Pin 1 protein promotes cellular homeostasis, and when down-regulated results in increased deposits of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, the …

Bifunctional Bisphosphonates For Delivering Biomolecules To Bone, Jivan N. Yewle

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Active targeting with controlled delivery of therapeutic agents to bone is an ideal approach for treatment of several bone diseases. Since bisphosphonates (BPs) are known to have high affinity to bone mineral and are being widely used in treatment of osteoporosis, they are well-suited for drug targeting to bone. For this purpose, bifunctional hydrazine-bisphosphonates (HBPs) with spacers of various lengths and lipophilicity were synthesized and studied. Crystal growth inhibition assays demonstrated that the HBPs with shorter spacers bound more strongly to bone mineral, hydroxyapatite (HA), than did alendronate. HBPs were also demonstrated to be non-toxic to MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. The targeted …

Investigations Of Oxidative Stress Effects And Their Mechanisms In Rat Brain After Systemic Administration Of Ceria Engineered Nanomaterials, Sarita S. Hardas

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Advancing applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in various fields create the opportunity for intended (e.g. drug and gene delivery) or unintended (e.g. occupational and environmental) exposure to ENM. However, the knowledge of ENM-toxicity is lagging behind their application development. Understanding the ENM hazard can help us to avoid potential human health problems associated with ENM applications as well as to increase their public acceptance. Ceria (cerium [Ce] oxide) ENM have many current and potential commercial applications. Beyond the traditional use of ceria as an abrasive, the scope of ceria ENM applications now extends into fuel cell manufacturing, diesel fuel additives …

Removal Of Arsenic(Iii) From Water With A New Solid-Supported Thiol, Partha Jana

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Arsenic is a highly toxic, easily transportable and widespread contaminant in groundwater throughout the world. Arsenic causes acute toxicity by disrupting biological functions. In groundwater arsenic concentrations can reach up to a few milligrams per liter. Current regulations on arsenic content in drinking water are becoming more stringent and require the standard to be reduced to a few parts per billion. Arsenic exists as oxyanions in aqueous solution in either trivalent or pentavalent oxidation states depending on the oxidation-reduction potential and pH of the medium. Several treatment methods are available for removing arsenic from water. However, cost, operational complexity of …

Biosensing Systems For The Detection Of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecules: A Tool For Investigating Bacteria-Related Disorders And Food Spoilage Prevention, Nilesh G. Raut

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Quorum sensing enables bacteria to communicate with bacteria of the same or different species, and to modulate their behavior in a cell-density dependent manner. Communication occurs by means of small quorum sensing signaling molecules (QSMs) whose concentration is proportional to the population size. When a QSM threshold concentration is reached, certain genes are expressed, thus allowing control of several processes, such as, virulence factor production, antibiotic production, and biofilm formation. Not only many pathogenic bacteria are known to produce QSMs, but also QSMs have been identified in some bacteria-related disorders. Therefore, quantitative detection of QSMs present in clinical samples may …

Primary Closure Without Diversion In Management Of Operative Blunt Duodenal Trauma In Children, Katherine Smiley, Tiffany Wright, Sean Skinner, Joseph A. Iocono, John M. Draus

Surgery Faculty Publications

Background. Operative blunt duodenal trauma is rare in pediatric patients. Management is controversial with some recommending pyloric exclusion for complex cases. We hypothesized that primary closure without diversion may be safe even in complex (Grade II-III) injuries. Methods. A retrospective review of the American College of Surgeons' Trauma Center database for the years 2003-2011 was performed to identify operative blunt duodenal trauma at our Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Center. Inclusion criteria included ages < 14 years and duodenal injury requiring operative intervention. Duodenal hematomas not requiring intervention and other small bowel injuries were excluded. Results. A total of 3,283 hospital records were reviewed. Forty patients with operative hollow viscous injuries and seven with operative duodenal injuries were identified. …

Effect Of Ionic Surfactants On Electrostatic Charging Of Spray Droplets, Mark T. Warren

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Dust capture for small coal particles (<2.5µm) can be improved if one takes advantage of electrostatic charges that resides on the surface of coal dust particles and on the surface of water spray droplets used to capture coal dust. Traditional dust capture methods that use water sprays are ineffective in capturing small dust particles since the motion of small dust particles is governed by electrostatic forces. If additives such as ionic surfactants could be added to water that would enhance the surface charge on water spray droplets, dust capture with water sprays could be improved.

The results presented show that n-sodium octyl sulfate causes the greatest charge enhancement versus the longer chained n-sodium dodecyl sulfate and n-sodium octadecyl sulfate. This can be explained by considering the factors that lead to droplet charge enhancement. Those factors are the mass of surfactant ions at the droplet surface, and the diffusion rate of the surfactant ions from the bulk droplet to the surface of the droplet. Sodium octyl sulfate will have a faster diffusion rate to the droplet surface because of its relatively short length, and will also maximize the mass …

Application Of Thin Film Analysis Techniques And Controlled Reaction Environments To Model And Enhance Biomass Utilization By Cellulolytic Bacteria, Hsin-Fen Li

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Cellulose from energy crops or agriculture residues can be utilized as a sustainable energy resource to produce biofuels such as ethanol. The process of converting cellulose into solvents and biofuels requires the saccharification of cellulose into soluble, fermentable sugars. However, challenges to cellulosic biofuel production include increasing the activity of cellulose-degrading enzymes (cellulases) and increasing solvent (ethanol) yield while minimizing the co-production of organic acids. This work applies novel surface analysis techniques and fermentation reactor perturbations to quantify, manipulate, and model enzymatic and metabolic processes critical to the efficient production of cellulosic biofuels.

Surface analysis techniques utilizing cellulose thin film …

Membrane Immobilized Reactive Fe/Pd Nanoparticles: Modeling And Tce Degradation Results, Ruo He

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Detoxification of chlorinated organic compound is an important and urgent issue in water remediation nowadays. Trichloroethylene (TCE), as a model compound in this study, has been proved to be degraded effectively by bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) in solution phase. In this study, Fe/Pd bimetallic NPs were synthesized in poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) functionalized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membranes. TCE dechlorination with these bimetallic NPs was conducted under different pH values and different metal loadings to study the role of corrosion on reaction rates.

One-dimensional mathematical model with pseudo first-order reaction kinetic was introduced to discuss the TCE dechlorination profile in membrane …

Finite Element Analysis Of The Contact Deformation Of Piezoelectric Materials, Ming Liu

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Piezoelectric materials in the forms of both bulk and thin-film have been widely used as actuators and sensors due to their electromechanical coupling. The characterization of piezoelectric materials plays an important role in determining device performance and reliability. Instrumented indentation is a promising method for probing mechanical as well as electrical properties of piezoelectric materials.

The use of instrumented indentation to characterize the properties of piezoelectric materials requires analytical relations. Finite element methods are used to analyze the indentation of piezoelectric materials under different mechanical and electrical boundary conditions.

For indentation of a piezoelectric half space, a three-dimensional finite element …

Study Of Characterization Of Submicron Coal Particles Dispersed In Air And Capture Of Coal Particles By Water Drops In A Scrubbing Column, Utshab Chakravorty

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Present day water spray based dust removal technologies do not effectively remove respirable submicron coal and silica dust particles in the underground coal mines causing Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP). The objective of this research was to study the electrostatic charges present in the airborne coal dust in order to develop efficient water spraying based dust removal technology where water drops charged using ionic compounds and surfactants would be used to capture the oppositely charged coal particles. In an experimental scrubbing column, coal particles dispersed in an air stream by a Fluidized Bed Aerosol Generator were captured by water drops sprayed …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Functionalized Naphthalenes And Anthracenes, Guang Zhang

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Organic electronics have received significant development in the last few decades. p- Type materials are much more in availability than n-type now. There are only a few examples of air-stable n-type materials. The design and synthesis of novel air-stable ntype materials is still a focus of research. Herein is described a study to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel electron-withdrawing group, composed of three electronwithdrawing groups connected in series, to impart material properties known to be favorable for obtaining air-stable n-types. The smaller acenes, naphthalene and anthracene, carrying these electron-withdrawing groups were prepared and studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and …

Novel Aromatic Ion–Pairs: Synergy Between Electrostatics And Π-Face Aromatic Interactions, Pramod Prasad Poudel

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

This dissertation focuses on the design and study of charged aromatic molecules where weak π-π interactions synergize with electrostatic interactions to enhance the overall interaction between aromatic moieties. Each chapter investigates some aspect of this hypothetical synergy between electrostatics and π-face aromatic cohesion.

The first chapter unveiled the importance of electrostatics in the intramolecular stacking of flexible aromatic molecular templates 1-2Br and 2a. While our previous studies found dicationic molecular template 1-2Br to have intramolecular π-stacking between electron poor pyridinium and electron rich xylylene moieties, no such stacking interaction was observed in the neutral analog 2a.

Chapter two systematically …

Investigation Of The Critical Residues At The C-Terminus Of The E.Coli Periplasmic Chaperone, Sura, Brent Ferrell

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

SurA is a molecular chaperone in the periplasm of E.coli and has been implicated in the maturation of outer membrane proteins (OMPs). SurA consists of four domains, but only two of them, namely the N and C-­terminal domains, are necessary for chaperone function. Very little is known about which residues drive the interaction between the N and C-­termini that facilitates normal activity. We mutated several conserved residues on the C-terminus and generated additive truncations to observe the effects of each on the fitness of the cell. We found one mutation E(408):A was sufficient to reduce SurA activity by 3-­fold, but …

Development Of Novel Chemical Tools For Proteasome Biology & A New Approach To 1-Azaspirocyclic Ring System, Lalit Kumar

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

The proteasome, a multiprotease complex, is clinically validated as an anticancer target by the FDA approval of bortezomib and carfilzomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The emergence of resistance to proteasome inhibitors however remains a major clinical challenge. Recently, distinct types of proteasomes termed ‘intermediate proteasomes’, which contain unconventional mixtures of catalytic subunits, have been implicated with drug resistance of tumor cells. In elucidating the role of intermediate proteasomes in drug resistance, a crucial step is to unequivocally determine the subunit composition of intermediate proteasomes in cells. With this in mind, the goal of the studies reported in this …

Spectroscopic Detection And Characterization Of Jet-Cooled Transient Molecules, Mohammed Gharaibeh

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Transient molecules are of great importance due to their critical role as intermediates in the semiconductor industry, in upper atmosphere reactions, and in astrochemistry. In the present work, reactive intermediates were produced in the laboratory by applying an electric discharge through a suitable precursor gas mixture and studied by means of their laser-induced fluorescence and emission spectra.

The band systems of and have been studied in detail. The energy levels of both isotopologues were fitted with a Renner-Teller model, and the isotope relations have been used to test the validity of the derived parameters.

The A²Π_u - …

Variability And Trends Of Aerosol Properties Over Kanpur, Northern India Using Aeronet Data (2001–10), Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis, Ramesh P. Singh, Ritesh Gautam, Manish Sharma, P. G. Kosmopoulos, S. N. Tripathi

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Natural and anthropogenic aerosols over northern India play an important role in influencing the regional radiation budget, causing climate implications to the overall hydrological cycle of South Asia. In the context of regional climate change and air quality, we discuss aerosol loading variability and trends at Kanpur AERONET station located in the central part of the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP), during the last decade (2001-10). Ground-based radiometric measurements show an overall increase in column-integrated aerosol optical depth (AOD) on a yearly basis. This upward trend is mainly due to a sustained increase in the seasonal/monthly averaged AOD during the winter (Dec-Feb) …

The Granite, 2012, University Of New Hampshire

The Granite – Yearbook

The yearbook of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1909-1922, the University of New Hampshire, 1923-

Bruck Loops With Abelian Inner Mapping Groups, J.D. Phillips

Journal Articles

Bruck loops with abelian inner mapping groups are centrally nilpotent of class at most 2.

Groupoids, Imaginaries And Internal Covers, Ehud Hrushovski

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let T be a first-order theory. A correspondence is established between internal covers of models of T and definable groupoids within T. We also consider amalgamations of independent diagrams of algebraically closed substructures, and find strong relation between covers, uniqueness for 3-amalgamation, existence of 4-amalgamation, imaginaries of T^\si, and definable groupoids. As a corollary, we describe the imaginary elements of families of finite-dimensional vector spaces over pseudo-finite fields.

On Normality Of Meromorphic Functions With Multiple Zeros And Sharing Values, Youming Wang

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we study the problem of normal families of meromorphic functions concerning shared values. Let F be a family of meromorphic functions in the plane domain D \subseteq C and n be a positive integer. Let a, b be two finite complex constants such that a \neq 0. If n \geq 3 and f + a(f')^n and g + a(g')^n share b in D for every pair of functions f, g \in F, then F is normal in D. And some examples are provided to show the result is sharp.

Invariant Subspaces Of Weakly Compact-Friendly Operators, Mert Çağlar, Remzi̇ Tunç Misirlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We prove that if a non-zero weakly compact-friendly operator B on a Banach lattice with topologically full center is locally quasi-nilpotent, then the super right-commutant [B\rangle of B has a non-trivial closed invariant ideal. An example of a weakly compact-friendly operator which is not compact-friendly is also provided.

Extended Cross Product In A 3-Dimensional Almost Contact Metric Manifold With Applications To Curve Theory, Çeti̇n Camci

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this work, we define a new cross product in 3-dimensional almost contact metric manifold and we study the theory of curves using this new cross product in this manifold. Besides, in the works of Baikousis, Blair [1] and Cho et al. [4], we observe that some theorems are incomplete and excessively generalized are thus their alternative proofs presented.

Invariants Of Symmetric Algebras Associated To Graphs, Maurizio Imbesi, Monica La Barbiera

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this work we deal with the symmetric algebra of monomial ideals that arise from graphs, the edge ideals. The notion of s-sequence is explored for such ideals in order to compute standard algebraic invariants of their symmetric algebra in terms of the corresponding invariants of special quotients of the polynomial ring related to the graphs.

Value Distribution Of Meromorphic Functions And Their Differences, Ranran Zhang, Zongxuan Chen

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let f(z) be a transcendental meromorphic function. Results are proved concerning the value distribution of the n'th forward difference \Delta^nf(z), in terms of Borel exceptional values of f(z). The results may be partly viewed as discrete analogues of a classical theorem of Hayman dealing with the possible relationships between Picard exceptional values of f(z) and its derivatives.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.

On F_S-Supplemented Primary Subgroups Of Finite Groups, Lujin Zhu, Long Miao

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let G be a finite group and F a formation of finite groups. A subgroup H of G is called F_s-supplemented in G if there exists a subnormal subgroup T of G such that G = HT and (H \cap T)H_G/H_G is contained in the F-hypercenter Z^F_{\infty}(G/H_G) of G/H_G. In this paper, we study the structure of finite groups by using F_s-supplemented subgroups.

On The Order Of Weighted Approximation By Positive Linear Operators, Tüli̇n Coşkun

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

An estimation of approximation of continuous functions by positive linear operators in weighted norm using the weighted modulus of continuity is established. Application of the main result to the known Gadjiyev-Ibragimov operators is given.