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2012

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Determining Quorum Of Attendance And Decision Making In The General Meeting Of Shareholders Based On Court Stipulation Due To The Neglectful Absence Of The Majority Foreign Shareholder In A Joint Venture Company (A Foreign Capital Investment Analysis, Ari Wahyudi Hertanto Dec 2012

Determining Quorum Of Attendance And Decision Making In The General Meeting Of Shareholders Based On Court Stipulation Due To The Neglectful Absence Of The Majority Foreign Shareholder In A Joint Venture Company (A Foreign Capital Investment Analysis, Ari Wahyudi Hertanto

Indonesia Law Review

The General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) is one of the company’s organs with the significant role of determining the business course and other issues related to corporate actions; as it is granted by law to the shareholders of the company. Any decision can be made in the GMS; such as determining the shareholders’ unanimous concurrence on the proposed meeting agenda or even if the results of the meeting are actually contrary to such agenda caused by dissenting among themselves. However, the GMS can also pose certain obstacles in situations where one or more shareholders (that appear to be a majority …

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The Rights Of Private Economic Actors Under The World Trade Organization Agreements In Indonesia, Intan Soeparna Dec 2012

The Rights Of Private Economic Actors Under The World Trade Organization Agreements In Indonesia, Intan Soeparna

Indonesia Law Review

Nothing in the Uruguay Round mentions directly about rights of private economic actors. It seems that the relationship to private economic actors (or may be individual) does not exist within the WTO Agreements, because as a general rule, private parties are not legal subjects of the international legal order. However, this article will prevail upon this situation, by looking closer at the essence of the WTO Agreements to discern the rights of private economic actors that derive from the WTO. The main question of this article is to what extent then Indonesia is dealing with the rights of private economic …

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Jihad Re-Examined: Islamic Law And International Law, Manisuli Ssenyonjo Dec 2012

Jihad Re-Examined: Islamic Law And International Law, Manisuli Ssenyonjo

Santa Clara Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Jihad Re-Examined Or Jihad Repaired? Bellum Iustum In A World Of International (Dis)-Order, H.A. Hellyer Dec 2012

Jihad Re-Examined Or Jihad Repaired? Bellum Iustum In A World Of International (Dis)-Order, H.A. Hellyer

Santa Clara Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Equality And Sovereignty Of Religious Institutions: A South African Perspective, Johan D. Van Der Vyver Dec 2012

Equality And Sovereignty Of Religious Institutions: A South African Perspective, Johan D. Van Der Vyver

Santa Clara Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Banco Central De La Republica Argentina - 2012 Financial Statements, Argentina: Banco Central De La Repãºblica Dec 2012

Banco Central De La Republica Argentina - 2012 Financial Statements, Argentina: Banco Central De La Repãºblica

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Wage Theft In New York: The Wage Theft Prevention Act As A Counter To An Endemic Problem, Lauren K. Dasse Dec 2012

Wage Theft In New York: The Wage Theft Prevention Act As A Counter To An Endemic Problem, Lauren K. Dasse

City University of New York Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Common Law's Lawyering Model: Transforming Individual Crises Into Opportunities For Community Organizing, Karen Gargamelli, Jay Kim Dec 2012

Common Law's Lawyering Model: Transforming Individual Crises Into Opportunities For Community Organizing, Karen Gargamelli, Jay Kim

City University of New York Law Review

We are alumni of the City University of New York School of Law, Class (“CUNY Law”) of 2007 and founders of Common Law, an organization that uses legal education and legal services to support and increase organizing and activism. We describe the origins of Common Law and our beginnings as an organization providing direct legal services to members of community organizing groups in Section I; the emergence of our unique legal clinic model supporting pro se (self-represented) litigants fighting foreclosure in Section II; and our challenges and hopes for the future in Section III.

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Artaud's Journey To Mexico And His Portrayals Of The Land, Tsu-Chung Su Dec 2012

Artaud's Journey To Mexico And His Portrayals Of The Land, Tsu-Chung Su

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "Artaud's Journey to Mexico and His Portrayals of the Land" Tsu-Chung Su examines Artaud's visions, visualizations, descriptions, and conceptualizations of Mexico. Su argues that Artaud's writings about Mexico were his textual appropriations and cartographical remappings of the land. They embodied both the geographic wandering of his itinerary and the bodily spasms of his thought. At once geographical and psycho-physiological embodiments, they were not only texts of a questing spirit but also words of a schizophrenic mind. While tracing and mapping Artaud's deterritorialized wanderings in cultures, religions, and rituals of Mexico, Su aims to explore the interlinking relationships …

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Negra D'America Remond And Her Journeys, Sirpa A. Salenius Dec 2012

Negra D'America Remond And Her Journeys, Sirpa A. Salenius

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "negra d'America Remond and Her Journeys" Sirpa A. Salenius analyzes Sarah P. Remond's travels to Europe. Remond, an African American born free in Salem, Massachusetts in 1826 into an abolitionist family, was a successful lecturer on abolitionism in the United States before traveling to England in 1859. During her anti-slavery lecture tour there, she also became involved in promoting women's rights thus enlarging the scope of her social and political agenda to embrace both racial and gender oppression. Subsequently, she studied in London, graduating as a nurse from London University College before moving to Italy where …

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The Slave Trade In The Work Of Fox, Johnson, And Spielberg, Ya-Huei Lin Dec 2012

The Slave Trade In The Work Of Fox, Johnson, And Spielberg, Ya-Huei Lin

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "The Slave Trade in the Work of Fox, Johnson, and Spielberg" Ya-huei Lin analyzes Paula Fox's The Slave Dancer (1973), Charles R. Johnson's The Middle Passage (1990), and Amistad, the 1997 film directed by Steven Spielberg based on the true event of 1841. Lin's examination of these three texts is an attempt to clarify the event's narration in the context of Walter Benjamin's historical materialism. Further, Lin explores what Louis Althusser proposes in "A Letter on Art" as to how the texts at hand make one see the ideology from which they are located. The authors' …

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Lived Experiences In A Mexican Business Context, Carlos Coria-Sánchez Dec 2012

Lived Experiences In A Mexican Business Context, Carlos Coria-Sánchez

Global Business Languages

Spanish for Business classes have increased substantially in the last 30 years in American higher education. Lived experiences in another country are a necessary part of any research conducted to teach cultural aspects of any society. As instructors of these classes, we cannot rely entirely on the information provided by official government Web sites. Mexico is not the exception, and instructors should travel to this country to gain the lived experience that provides first-hand knowledge of the country’s business cultural practices.

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Culture: The Basis For Learning Business In A Foreign Language, Michael Hager Dec 2012

Culture: The Basis For Learning Business In A Foreign Language, Michael Hager

Global Business Languages

In this article, we will first review various perspectives on the teaching of culture and what effect this can have on intercultural interaction in language teaching. We then take a look at ways of using culture to teach a foreign language. The first example is how preparing to write a German Lebenslauf can serve as a means to get to know and better understand fellow classmates. In addition, we look at how preparing for a mock job interview can function as the basis for teaching German. Finally, we see that students appreciate and value the use of culture in the …

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Intercultural Management Cases For The Business Language Class, Christine Uber Grosse Dec 2012

Intercultural Management Cases For The Business Language Class, Christine Uber Grosse

Global Business Languages

This article explores the use of intercultural management cases as alternative instructional materials in business language courses. These cases use the power of story to teach about successful global leaders who effectively lead across cultures. As the cases engage and inform business language students, they also serve as a valuable resource for teaching language, communication, and culture. Additionally, the cases develop situation analysis and problemsolving skills. Three prominent CEOs serve as examples of intercultural management case subjects for the business language class: Jack Ma of China’s Alibaba, Carlos Ghosn of France and Japan’s Renault-Nissan Alliance, and Ratan Tata of India’s …

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Using Advertising To Explore French Language And Culture In The Classroom, Elizabeth Martin Dec 2012

Using Advertising To Explore French Language And Culture In The Classroom, Elizabeth Martin

Global Business Languages

It is widely recognized that authentic materials such as advertisements are beneficial to language learners. In addition to stimulating students’ interest and motivation, advertising in the target language exposes students to different styles of expression and offers a window into another culture. This article proposes a more comprehensive approach to integrating commercial advertisements into the foreign language classroom through content-based learning. In an effort to develop its international business curriculum, California State University, San Bernardino has added Introduction to French Advertising to its already strong business course options in French. This article describes the course in detail, including topics of …

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Rich Dad Poor Dad: An Entrepreneurial Approach To The Teaching Of Business French, Steven J. Sacco, Joseph Hammett Dec 2012

Rich Dad Poor Dad: An Entrepreneurial Approach To The Teaching Of Business French, Steven J. Sacco, Joseph Hammett

Global Business Languages

US higher education has focused on the development of new cadres of employees to the near exclusion of entrepreneurship as a career path. In this article, the authors describe an entrepreneurial approach to the teaching of Business French. The senior author served as the course instructor while the junior author was a student who completed the course. To provide an entry into the world of global entrepreneurship, the senior author selected the French translation of Robert Kiyosaki’s Rich Dad Poor Dad. In parallel with the reading of Rich Dad, students completed a series of entrepreneurial course activities. Selected activities are …

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An Inter-Cultural Communication Approach To Teaching Business Korean: A Case Study Of A Mock Negotiation Between Korean And American College Students, Yeonhee Yoon, Kiwoong Yang Dec 2012

An Inter-Cultural Communication Approach To Teaching Business Korean: A Case Study Of A Mock Negotiation Between Korean And American College Students, Yeonhee Yoon, Kiwoong Yang

Global Business Languages

This study demonstrates that inter-cultural negotiators, one of whom is a bi-cultural American well-versed in the other’s culture, realized similar joint gains to intra-cultural Korean negotiators. The conclusion of this study is that bi-culturals, who are aware of the cultural difference and social distance, were able to close social distance and produce joint gains that were similar to the result of intra-cultural negotiation. This study also emphasizes the development of pedagogical methods to increase KFL (Korean as a foreign language) learners’ inter-cultural awareness and overcome cultural prejudices, so that they can foster cultural and linguistic competence in inter-cultural business negotiations.

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Contributors Dec 2012

Contributors

Global Business Languages

No abstract provided.

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Standing On The Family Farm In Tysvær: How Did “Kallekodt” Become “Thompson”?—How Is Tysvær Pronounced?, Nina M. Ray Dec 2012

Standing On The Family Farm In Tysvær: How Did “Kallekodt” Become “Thompson”?—How Is Tysvær Pronounced?, Nina M. Ray

Global Business Languages

This article explores the role that language plays in the legacy tourism business, an increasingly important sub-segment of the tourism industry. While seemingly obvious that those traveling to the land of their ancestors may request language help from migration institutions, past research has never asked representatives of migration institutions what help legacy tourists need. Delegates at a recent meeting of the Association of European Migration Institutions participated in a survey about what they perceive to be the most important language needs of their patrons. Most indicated that while some nations, such as Scotland, emphasize that tourists should come learn the …

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Curriculum Development Of International Business With Language Concentration: Results Of A Seven-Year Study Of An American Business Executive In China, Jinghui Liu Dec 2012

Curriculum Development Of International Business With Language Concentration: Results Of A Seven-Year Study Of An American Business Executive In China, Jinghui Liu

Global Business Languages

Existing international business with language concentration curriculum research indicates that little is known about perceptions of current international executives who are working in multinational corporations. This article investigates an American international executive’s perceptions of language and cultural barriers in multiple multinational corporations in China. The researcher’s seven-year period of contact with the business executive from 2003 to 2010 led to the collection of multiple data sources through businessactivity protocol questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The international executive’s perceptions suggest that the international business curriculum development was in the following three areas: (1) language competency, (2) multicultural awareness, and (3) global awareness.

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Web Genres In Intercultural Business Language Research, Tilman Schröder Dec 2012

Web Genres In Intercultural Business Language Research, Tilman Schröder

Global Business Languages

Genre studies on intercultural aspects of business languages traditionally focus on established genres, such as print advertisements or annual reports. Despite the growing importance of Web-based business communication, only a few publications have engaged in contrastive Web genre analysis. This article develops a methodology for carrying out cross-cultural research on Web genres by giving ideas for designing a corpus and for choosing parameters of analysis. It also discusses the potential benefits of intercultural Web genre approaches for researchers, students, and business professionals.

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Reimagining "Tense And Tender Ties" In García's Monkey Hunting, Yu-Fang Cho Dec 2012

Reimagining "Tense And Tender Ties" In García's Monkey Hunting, Yu-Fang Cho

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "Reimagining 'Tense and Tender Ties' in Garcia's Monkey Hunting" Yu-Fang Cho analyses Cristina García's re-narration of transnational histories of the multi-racial, multi-generational Chinese Cuban family in Monkey Hunting (2003) as a critical project that recasts developmental immigrant narratives primarily set in the United States as part of the emerging cultural archive of global migrations. Drawing on recent scholarship on comparative racialization, especially Ann Laura Stoler's formulation of "tense and tender ties" as a method, Cho examines how García's family saga unsettles the temporal and spatial logics of Euro-American modernity through the deployment of cyclical narrative structure …

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Preparing Business Language Students To Meet Employer Needs, Darcy Lear Dec 2012

Preparing Business Language Students To Meet Employer Needs, Darcy Lear

Global Business Languages

Situated within the growing body of work on languages for specific purposes and community service-learning, this article explores the place of specific professional skills in the business language curriculum. It argues that the integration of explicit curricular content related to professional correspondence (emails, letter of recommendation requests, and cover letter content) will better prepare students for the work place without compromising the rigor of the traditional humanities disciplines.

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Shifting The Curriculum To Language For Specific Purposes, Jennifer L. M. Gerndt Dec 2012

Shifting The Curriculum To Language For Specific Purposes, Jennifer L. M. Gerndt

Global Business Languages

As English emerges as the lingua franca of many international corporations worldwide, academic institutions are erroneously retracting funds from language-learning programs, citing the lack of need or the inability to support nonessentials. With this approach, the true needs of language learners have been neglected. The blame can easily be placed on institutions that misunderstand the additional benefits learners garner while pursuing language studies (i.e., culture). However, it can be argued that the blame is actually that of the language educators who fail to arm themselves with the proper ammunition to argue their side properly. The administrators who decide the fate …

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Review, Maida Watson Dec 2012

Review, Maida Watson

Global Business Languages

Annie R. Abbott. Comunidades: Más allá del aula. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2009. 157 pp.

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Online Business Chinese Speaking Instruction: A Speak Everywhere Speaking Program For Practical Business Chinese, Bailu Li, Atsushi Fukada, Wei Hong Dec 2012

Online Business Chinese Speaking Instruction: A Speak Everywhere Speaking Program For Practical Business Chinese, Bailu Li, Atsushi Fukada, Wei Hong

Global Business Languages

Despite the obvious importance of speaking skills, for technology and other reasons, it is difficult for foreign language instructors to provide ample speaking practice opportunities to students. However, particularly in business language teaching, speaking is crucial. To address this problem, the authors have created an oral program for a Business Chinese textbook on an online platform called Speak Everywhere. This article discusses general oral training issues and reports on the design of the oral program.

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Mental Travel And Memory Mapping In Sebald's Work, Jonathan White Dec 2012

Mental Travel And Memory Mapping In Sebald's Work, Jonathan White

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "Mental Travel and Memory Mapping in Sebald's Narratives" Jonathan White analyses several of the journeys — real and by means of the mind — by which W.G. Sebald follows what he once called "invisible connections that determine our lives." These connections are often although not always between the living and the dead "on the far side of time." In reaction against what Sebald interpreted as a conspiracy of silence in his youth over the destruction that Germany had caused and that which had been done in turn to it, Sebald attempted to reconstruct worlds and people destroyed …

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Gulliver, Travel, And Empire, Claude Rawson Dec 2012

Gulliver, Travel, And Empire, Claude Rawson

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "Gulliver, Travel, and Empire" Claude Rawson analyzes Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels as a central document of European intellectual history. Rawson focuses on the relationship between ethnicity and human identity and asks what constitutes humanity and how individual groups qualify (or not) for human status. Posing teasingly as a "parody" of travel books, it is both a series of voyages and an ethnically widening arc of moral exploration as Book Four at once expresses an ambivalent perception of the Irish under English rule and extends to what Swift/Gulliver calls "all Savage Nations" and ultimately takes in what Swift …

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Evans's And Cheevers's Quaker Missionary Travels, Hui-Chu Yu Dec 2012

Evans's And Cheevers's Quaker Missionary Travels, Hui-Chu Yu

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article "Evans's and Cheevers's Quaker Missionary Travels" Hui-chu Yu investigates Katharine Evans's and Sarah Cheevers's account of their experiences as Quaker missionaries in Malta between 1658-1662. For Evans and Cheevers traveling was a mission ordained by god and thus their journey is less a trip for the gratification of exploration than spiritual and physical trials. With a purpose to spread Quaker texts, Evans and Cheevers traveled to different lands such as Ireland and Malta. Although they perceived the hostility toward their belief, they still claimed to be god's handmaids with an aim to preach their religious belief. Their …

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The Life Writing Of Hart, Inspector-General Of The Imperial Maritime Customs Service, Henk Vynckier, Chihyun Chang Dec 2012

The Life Writing Of Hart, Inspector-General Of The Imperial Maritime Customs Service, Henk Vynckier, Chihyun Chang

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In their article "The Life Writing of Hart, Inspector-General of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service" Henk Vynckier and Chihyun Chang analyze the life and writing of Sir Robert Hart (1835-1911). Hart arrived in China in 1854 and served as Inspector-General of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service 1863-1911. Although Hart disparaged his own role, Jonathan Spence views him as a key adviser to the Qing government. Despite of the historical importance of Hart's texts, of his seventy-seven volume diary only eight of the volumes have been published and the remaining volumes remain largely unexamined. Vynckier and Chang examine the complex transmission …

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