Digital Commons Network^™

(1s, 3s)-3-Amino-4-Difluoromethylenyl-1-Cyclopentanoic Acid (Cpp-115), A Potent Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Aminotransferase Inactivator For The Treatment Of Cocaine Addiction, Y. Pan, M. R. Gerasimov, T. Kvist, P. Wellendorph, K. K. Madsen, E. Pera, H. Lee, A. Schousboe, S. L. Dewey, R. B. Silverman, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Human Dignity And The Logic Of Caritas:The Source And Direction Of Economic Justice, Bruce Baker

Verbum Incarnatum: An Academic Journal of Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Hear3d: A Study Of Spatial Sounds Effect On Language Learning, Brendan Cregan

Dissertations

Spatial sound is the manipulation of audio to add the illusion of position to the source of the sound, i.e. making sounds seem to originate from behind you or from different points around a room. Headphones must be used to achieve the optimum level of 3D sound. At any time over half a billion people are learning languages with the aide of audio which is why and the study of the effect or potential effects that the spatial sounds have on language learning is particularly interesting. If the application of spatial sounds to educational audio clips could be shown to …

News From The Flock, Vol. 2012 Issue 1, Sperry-Galligar Audubon Society

Sperry-Galligar Audubon Society Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Fasting For A Miracle, Elmer L. Towns

Books

No abstract provided.

Insulin Resistance, Ceramide Accumulation, And Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Human Chronic Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, Lisa Longato, Kelsey Ripp, Mashiko Setshedi, Miroslav Dostalek, Fatemeh Akhlaghi, Mark Branda, Jack R. Wands, Suzanne M. De La Monte

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background. Chronic alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is mediated by insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Recent studies suggest that dysregulated lipid metabolism with accumulation of ceramides, together with ER stress potentiate hepatic insulin resistance and may cause steatohepatitis to progress. Objective. We examined the degree to which hepatic insulin resistance in advanced human ALD is correlated with ER stress, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and ceramide accumulation. Methods. We assessed the integrity of insulin signaling through the Akt pathway and measured proceramide and ER stress gene expression, ER stress signaling proteins, and ceramide profiles in …

Standing In Monsanto Co. V. Geertson Seed Farms: Using Economic Injury As A Basis For Standing When Environmental Harm Is Difficult To Prove, Bradford Mank

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

Many of the Supreme Court’s important standing cases have involved environmental disputes. Most recently, in 2010, the Court again addressed standing in an environmental dispute, Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms. In Monsanto, the Court did not announce a new standing doctrine. Nevertheless, the Court recognized that an environmental plaintiff may sue without proof of actual environmental harm if it can demonstrate that he or she may suffer economic losses from testing and mitigation measures related to a threatened harm. During the oral argument in Monsanto, Justice Scalia expressed skepticism that the plaintiffs could prove that the …

G Forces: Gideon V. Wainwright And Matthew Adler's Move Beyond Cost-Benefit Analysis, Janet Moore

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

With the approach of the fiftieth anniversary of Gideon v. Wainwright, Matthew Adler's continuous prioritarian social welfare economic theory provides an interesting new resource for advocates of public defense reform. Adler argues for a moral decision-making procedure in large-scale policy settings that prioritizes the interests of the less well-off. This essay identifies some key steps in Adler's analysis, highlights several avenues for critique and further development of his arguments, and begins to explore the doctrinal development of the right to counsel as an instantiation of his inequality-averse approach to moral decision-making.

Identification And Structural Characterization Of A New Three-Finger Toxin Hemachatoxin From Hemachatus Haemachatus Venom, Vallerinteavide Mavelli Girish, Sundramurthy Kumar, Lissa Joseph, Chacko Jobichen, R. Manjunatha Kini, J. Sivaraman

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Publications

Snake venoms are rich sources of biologically active proteins and polypeptides. Three-finger toxins are non-enzymatic proteins present in elapid (cobras, kraits, mambas and sea snakes) and colubrid venoms. These proteins contain four conserved disulfide bonds in the core to maintain the three-finger folds. Although all three-finger toxins have similar fold, their biological activities are different. A new three-finger toxin (hemachatoxin) was isolated from Hemachatus haemachatus (Ringhals cobra) venom. Its amino acid sequence was elucidated, and crystal structure was determined at 2.43 Å resolution. The overall fold is similar to other three-finger toxins. The structure and sequence analysis revealed that the …

Metabolic Rate Regulates L1 Longevity In C. Elegans, Inhwan Lee, Amber Hendrix, Jeongho Kim, Jennifer Yoshimoto, Young-Jai You

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Publications

Animals have to cope with starvation. The molecular mechanisms by which animals survive long-term starvation, however, are not clearly understood. When they hatch without food, C. elegans arrests development at the first larval stage (L1) and survives more than two weeks. Here we show that the survival span of arrested L1s, which we call L1 longevity, is a starvation response regulated by metabolic rate during starvation. A high rate of metabolism shortens the L1 survival span, whereas a low rate of metabolism lengthens it. The longer worms are starved, the slower they grow once they are fed, suggesting that L1 …

Early Hearing-Impairment Results In Crossmodal Reorganization Of Ferret Core Auditory Cortex, M. Alex Meredith, Brian L. Allman

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

Numerous investigations of cortical crossmodal plasticity, most often in congenital or early-deaf subjects, have indicated that secondary auditory cortical areas reorganize to exhibit visual responsiveness while the core auditory regions are largely spared. However, a recent study of adult-deafened ferrets demonstrated that core auditory cortex was reorganized by the somatosensory modality. Because adult animals have matured beyond their critical period of sensory development and plasticity, it was not known if adult-deafening and early-deafening would generate the same crossmodal results. The present study used young, ototoxically-lesioned ferrets () that, after maturation (avg. = 173 days old), showed significant hearing deficits (avg. …

Optogenetic Stimulation Of The Corticothalamic Pathway Affects Relay Cells And Gabaergic Neurons Differently In The Mouse Visual Thalamus, Chris W. D. Jurgens, Karen A. Bell, A. Rory Mcquiston, William Guido

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) serves as the primary conduit of retinal information to visual cortex. In addition to retinal input, dLGN receives a large feedback projection from layer VI of visual cortex. Such input modulates thalamic signal transmission in different ways that range from gain control to synchronizing network activity in a stimulus-specific manner. However, the mechanisms underlying such modulation have been difficult to study, in part because of the complex circuitry and diverse cell types this pathway innervates. To address this and overcome some of the technical limitations inherent in studying the corticothalamic (CT) pathway, we adopted …

Virginia Commonwealth University Undergraduate Bulletin Courses [2012], Virginia Commonwealth University

VCU Bulletins

Listing of undergraduate courses for 2012-2013.

Using Conservation Management Agreements To Secure Postrecovery Perpetuation Of Conservation-Reliant Species: The Kirtland's Warbler As A Case Study, Dale Goble

Articles

Kirtland’s warbler is one of many conservation-reliant species listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). This species has met recovery goals, but removing it from the protections of the ESA is problematic because of its reliance on ongoing conservation. We define conservation management agreements (CMAs) and describe how they may provide a mechanism to protect conservation-reliant species after delisting. We suggest that CMAs should include four major elements: (1) a conservation partnership capable of implementing management actions at conservation-relevant scales, (2) a conservation management plan based on the management actions in the species’ successful recovery plan, (3) sufficient financial resources …

Bringing Order To Contracts Against Public Policy, David Adam Friedman

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Fiction Outsells Non-Fiction, Steven K. Baum

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Nef Functions In Blt Mice To Enhance Hiv-1 Replication And Deplete Cd4+Cd8+ Thymocytes, Wei Zou, Paul W. Denton, Richard L. Watkins, John F. Krisko, Tomonori Nochi, John L. Foster, J. Victor Garcia

Biology Faculty Publications

Background: The outcome of untreated HIV-1 infection is progression to AIDS and death in nearly all cases. Some important exceptions are the small number of patients infected with HIV-1 deleted for the accessory gene, nef. With these infections, disease progression is entirely suppressed or greatly delayed. Whether Nef is critical for high levels of replication or is directly cytotoxic remains controversial. The major problem in determining the role of Nef in HIV/AIDS has been the lack of tractable in vivo models where Nef’s complex pathogenic phenotype can be recapitulated.

Results: Intravenous inoculation (3000 to 600,000 TCIU) of BLT …

Annual Report Of Town Officers Tamworth, New Hampshire 03886 Year Ending December 31, 2011., Tamworth Town Representatives

Tamworth, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Celestial Divination And Arabic Science In Twelfth-Century England: The History Of Gerbert Of Aurillac’S Talking Head, Elly Truitt

History Faculty Research and Scholarship

The legend of Gerbert of Aurillac’s oracular head reveals significant information about contemporary medieval attitudes toward foreign knowledge from outside of the Latin Christian West, and in particular about the quadrivium, astral science, and celestial divination. In particular, William of Malmesbury’s account—the most well-known in the medieval period—demonstrates the extent to which scientific knowledge from the Arabic tradition had penetrated the intellectual climate of England in the early twelfth century.

The Southeastern Librarian V. 59, No. 4 (Winter 2012) Complete Issue

The Southeastern Librarian

Complete issue of The Southeastern Librarian, volume 59, No. 4 (Winter 2012).

State News

The Southeastern Librarian

Recent developments from SELA member institutions.

Annual Reports Of The Town Officers Brookfield, Carroll County, New Hampshire 2011, Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2011, Vital Statistics For 2011., Brookfield Town Representatives

Brookfield, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Benton, New Hampshire Annual Report Of Town Officers And Benton School District Year Ending December 31, 2011., Benton Town Representatives

Benton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Effects Of Weaning Age And Winter Development Environment On Heifer Performance, N.L. Hojer, M.B. Hubert, P.S. Johnson, M.H. Price, K.C. Olson

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

Our objective was to determine if early weaning (about 125 d) vs. normal weaning (about 250 d) and wintering replacement heifers in drylot vs. rangeland affected heifer growth and reproductive performance. Heifer calves from the 2009 and 2010 calf crops (n = 104 and 73, respectively) were allocated to the 2 weaning treatments and then stratified by age into the 2 winter development treatments forming a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Heifers wintered in drylot received mixed grass and alfalfa hay (yr 1: 11.6% CP, 52.5% TDN; yr2: 12.3% CP, 53.4% TDN) plus 1.8 kg of a dried …

Investigation Of Protease Activity In Early Postmortem Musclesubjected To Alternative Chilling Conditions, D.A. Mohrhouse, S.M. Lonergran, E. Huff-Lonergran, K.R. Underwood, A.D. Weaver

South Dakota Beef Report, 2012

The objective of this study was two-fold: 1) determine the conditions (temperature, pH) that exist in early postmortem muscle of normally-chilled and delay-chilled beef carcasses to provide a model for in vitro work, and 2) determine the mechanism by which specific early postmortem temperature/pH conditions found in normally-chilled and delay-chilled muscle influence the enzymes that regulate the aging process in vitro. For objective 1, seven market-ready calves (HCW 848 ± 17.5 lb) were harvested with the right sides subjected to normal chilling (2.3°C) and the left sides subjected to ambient temperature (delay chilling; 22.6°C) for an additional 4.75 h and …

Predicting Risk For Deer-Vehicle Collisions Using A Social Media Based Geographic Information System, G. Kent Webb

Faculty Publications, Information Systems & Technology

As an experiment investigating social media as a data source for making management decisions, photo sharing websites were searched for data on deer sightings. Data about deer density and location are important factors in decisions related to herd management and transportation safety, but such data are often limited or not available. Results indicate that when combined with simple rules, data from photo sharing websites reliably predicted the location of road segments with high risk for deer-vehicle collisions as reported by volunteers to an internet site tracking roadkill. Use of Google Maps as the GIS platform was helpful in plotting and …

The Streptomycin-Treated Mouse Intestine Selects Escherichia Coli Envz Missense Mutants That Interact With Dense And Diverse Intestinal Microbiota, Mary P. Leatham-Jensen, Jakob Frimodt-Møller, Jimmy Adediran, Matthew E. Mokszycki, Megan E. Banner, Joyce E. Caughron, Karen A. Krogfelt, Tyrrell Conway, Paul S. Cohen

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Previously, we reported that the streptomycin-treated mouse intestine selected nonmotile Escherichia coli MG1655 flhDC deletion mutants of E. coli MG1655 with improved colonizing ability that grow 15% faster in vitro in mouse cecal mucus and 15 to 30% faster on sugars present in mucus (M. P. Leatham et al., Infect. Immun. 73:8039–8049, 2005). Here, we report that the 10 to 20% remaining motile E. coli MG1655 are envZ missense mutants that are also better colonizers of the mouse intestine than E. coli MG1655. One of the flhDC mutants, E. coli MG1655 ΔflhD, and one of the envZ missense …

Narrative And Drama In The American Trial, Robert P. Burns

Faculty Working Papers

This short essay summarizes an understanding of the trial as a medium in which law is realized or actualized, rather than imposed or enforced. It suggests that we should pay close attention to the actual practices that prevail at trial, its "consciously structured hybrid" of languages and practices, if we want to understand the nature of law.

The Multiple Roles Of International Courts And Tribunals: Enforcement, Dispute Settlement, Constitutional And Administrative Review, Karen J. Alter

Faculty Working Papers

This chapter is part of an upcoming interdisciplinary volume on international law and politics. The chapter defines four judicial roles states have delegated to international courts (ICs) and documents the delegation of dispute settlement, administrative review, enforcement and constitutional review jurisdiction to ICs based on a coding of legal instruments defining the jurisdiction of 25 ICs. I show how the design of ICs varies by judicial role and argue that the delegation of multiple roles to ICs helps explain the shift in IC design to include compulsory jurisdiction and access for nonstate actors to initiate litigation. I am interested in …

Justice Stevens, Religious Enthusiast, Andrew M. Koppelman

Faculty Working Papers

It is sometimes alleged that Justice John Paul Stevens is hostile to religion. In fact, however, Justice Stevens espouses a position with religious roots and enthusiastically embraces a distinct conception of religion. This casts doubt on the claim, made in different ways by Eduardo Penalver and Christopher Eisgruber, that the fundamental concern of his religion clause jurisprudence is equality. At least as important to him is protecting religion from corruption by the state.

Stevens's position, in order to be consistent, ought to acknowledge, more forthrightly than he does, that it treats religion as a distinctive human good. Any notion of …