Digital Commons Network^™

N- And O-Linked Glycosylation Of Tsr6 Promotes Efficient Secretion Of Adamtsl2, Sharee Danielle Sandler

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Mutations in ADAMTSL2 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin repeats-like 2) are known to cause secretion defects, leading to geleophysic dysplasia. One mutation, G811R, is within the consensus sequence for O-fucosylation of TSR6. Interestingly, this site also contains an N-glycosylation site. It is not known whether TSR6 is modified with O-fucose or N-glycans. We hypothesized that the secretion defect of the G811R mutation is caused by an alteration in glycosylation of TSR6. Using site directed mutagenesis and secretion assays, we demonstrated that mutations in the predicted N-linked glycosylation site or O-fucosylation site resulted in a significant decrease in protein secretion. …

Defect Characterization And Stress Analysis By White Beam Synchrotron X-Ray Topography In Single Crystal Semiconducting Materials, Vishwanath Sarkar

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Semiconductor devices are becoming increasingly more complex as the number of transistors increases in the same Integrated Circuit (IC) area. Due to the complexity in design; processing and packaging of the device plays a crucial role in the IC fabrication. Package induced residual stress are not only detrimental to device performance but can also lead to device failure. We propose a non-destructive method to determine the complete stress state at each point on a packaged Silicon device. Surface and edge defect created as a result of various manufacturing steps were characterized using different techniques, primarily X-ray diffraction topography, optical microscopy, …

Density Functional Calculations Of Physical Properties Of Sodium Oxide, Meagan Leigh Thompson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Sodium is the sixth most abundant crustal element; as such, it is found throughout a variety of mineral systems where it is typically represented as an oxide (Na₂O). However, due to high reactivity, neither Na nor Na₂O are naturally occurring and are volatile. The difficulties in acquisition and safe handling present challenges to traditional experiments. However, these difficulties can be overcome by advances in computational methods in solid state physics. While such computational experiments are demanding, the relative simplicity of structure makes Na₂O a reasonable candidate for this type of analysis. This thesis presents …

Human Enteric Viruses In Recreational Coastal Waters, Alexandra Valdes Wochinger

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Human enteric viruses (HEV) are recognized by the CDC as common etiological agents for waterborne outbreaks and they have been detected in recreational waters in the US and around the world. Current concentration and detection methods present challenges to study of HEV in coastal waters and have prevented the routine monitoring of HEV in recreational or shellfish harvesting waters. In this dissertation, various methods of concentrating viruses from water were investigated. A two-step viral concentration method that included viral adsorption-elution and ultrafiltration was found to be effective for the concentration of total viruses and improved detection limits for HEV in …

A Correlated Behavioral And Biochemical Analysis Investigating Gonadal Influence On Prefrontal Cortical Function Through Modulation Of Nmda Receptor Trafficking, Surya Bhamidipaty

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) underlies working memory processes in the brain. Reports have suggested critical roles for gonadal steroid modulation of this PFC function in adult male rats (Kritzer et al 2007), yet the exact mechanisms have yet to be defined. Given the clinical implications of male PFC vulnerability with schizophrenia, this is an important question to be addressed. This thesis seeks to gain insight as to whether hormone control over NMDA-receptor mediated glutamate signaling may be part of the way hormones influence the PFC's complex operations. This will be accomplished in interrelated studies using gonadally intact …

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Symptoms And Its Relationship To Corticosteroid Dysregulation, Michelle Bylicky

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Stress is the subjective experience of encountering or being affected by psychological or physical threats. Depending on the situation and the individual's ability to adapt to the particular event will affect how the individual continues to function. Memory can be both adaptive and maladaptive to the individual recovering from the stress of the event. It is known that part of successful adaptation is remembering the important events of a trauma in order to better decide how to react in possible, similar future events. However, certain individuals can develop Post traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD) as a response to an event. PTSD …

Hablo Por Mi Diferencia The Rebirth Of Lemebel From Los Incontables To Manifiesto, Maria Celleri

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

All of Lemebel's works have been studied, analyzed, and critiqued, while Los incontables has been either forgotten or unheard of, which is why I attempt a queer reading of these texts. This investigation reaches beyond a need to "rescue" more of Lemebel's works than he has chosen to do by himself; they are analyzed as destabilizing tools of subversion. At the same time, a reworking of Lemebel's stories written and published during Pinochet's dictatorship gives testament to a form of memory hitherto little explored, one that rewrites the official story of the military regime of Chile from the perspective of …

Structural And Energetic Determinants Of Function In The Heterotrimeric G-Proteins, Noel Carrascal

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The heterotrimeric G-proteins are important in signal transduction that triggers important biological functions in cells of living organisms. The use of theoretical models to study these proteins gives additional insight into mechanisms of signal transduction and molecular recognition events in the cell. With that objective in mind, molecular dynamics simulations of a heterotrimeric G-protein reveal structural and energetic differences among the states of its signaling cycle. The simulations are stripped explicit waters and analyzed in search of determinants of function with the help of backbone clustering and continuum electrostatic models such as Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) and generalized-Born (GB). The energies are …

Trans-Translation Dependent Degradation Of Mrnas And Proteins, Zhiyun Ge

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The translation of mRNAs without in-frame stop codons results in the following problems: the ribosomes are stalled and sequestered on the defective mRNA, the incomplete polypeptides produced are potentially toxic to the cells, and the defective mRNA can result in more futile translational cycles. Bacteria have developed a unique system, called trans-translation to resolve all of the above-mentioned problems. The key players of the trans-translation system are tmRNA and its protein cofactor SmpB. One part of my work showed that the system mediates the degradation of non-stop mRNAs by recruiting RNase R to stalled ribosomes through the interaction between the …

Wear Resistant Carbide-Based Thermal Sprayed Coatings: Process, Properties, Mechanical Degradation And Wear, Arash Ghabchi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Thermally sprayed ceramic-metallic composite (CerMet) materials consist of ceramic particles mainly in form of carbides reinforced by metallic binder exhibit unique microstructural and mechanical characteristics. Such structure brings in a novel combination of hardness and toughness enabling application of this class of material in wear resistant surfaces. Final deposit microstructure that defines the mechanical properties and wear performance of material depends on process parameters and starting material characteristics. Complex interaction of in-flight particles with supersonic flame, formation of complex defective deposit structure comprising of pores,cracks and splat boundaries make comprehending of interrelation of process, microstructure, properties and performance a difficult …

Development Of A Single Photon Detector For Fluorescent Spectrometry, Dmytro Gudkov

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

I present a novel single photon spectrometer and discuss its use for ultra-fast and highly accurate detection of quantum dots and micro-beads encoded with compositions of various types of quantum dots. The spectrometer receives a polychromatic light through a fiber input. The received light undergoes color decomposition by a diffraction grating and is further detected by a 32-channel PMT (Hamamatsu, Japan) operating in single photon counting mode. Due to a novel, highly advanced analog/digital circuitry operating in GHz range, the 32-channel single photon detector has a unique performance: it supports detection of up to 108 photon/s/channel, data acquisition rate at …

The Bivariate Normal Mixture Distribution: A Power Study Of Bootstrap Test, Tingting He

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Univariate analysis has been commonly used in the studies of disease-related phenotypes. The need for multivariate analysis on linkage studies of complex disease/traits has grown with the increasing use of multiple phenotypes. This research extends the model for testing a single bivariate normal distribution versus a two component bivariate normal mixture distribution. Previous research restricted the two variables to have equal means and variance. Our study considers the more general case with no restrictions on these parameter values. Simulations are used to conduct a power study of bootstrap test under different combinations of parameter values. We note that samples of …

Gasb-Based Type-I Diode Lasers Operating At 3 Μm And Above, Takashi Hosoda

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The ultimate goal of the research is the development of the semiconductor lasers operating at room temperature under continuous wave regime at 3 μm and above. This dissertation focuses on room temperature operated GaSb-based type-I diode lasers. The new device design was proposed to reach desirable laser operation wavelength. Besides employing the compressively strained quantum wells (QWs) in the devices active region, the composition of waveguide and barrier material has been modified to optimize the band offsets between quantum wells and the neighboring layers. The use of quinternary AlGaInAsSb alloys for waveguide and barrier layers, leads to the reduction of …

The Experience Of Korean American First Born Or Only Sons In The United States: Privilege Or Burden?, Heesoo Karina Kim

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Summary: Qualitative interviews were conducted to examine the dynamics of gender roles, tradition, culture, and parental expectations, often influenced by Confucian values, of Korean American first-born or only sons. Theories of stress, identity, and acculturation may inform how gender and status affect outlook on life, relationships, duties, career, and mental and physical health. Method: 47 Korean Americans, ages 18-40, of whom 35 were first-born or only sons, were interviewed. For corroborative data, 12 siblings (five younger brothers and seven sisters) were also interviewed. A semi-structured, open-ended, 25 question guide was used for interviews which were then recorded and transcribed. Results: …

Nanoscale Metal - Organic Ligand Interactions For Applications In Environmental Remediation And Catalysis, Prashant Kumar Jha

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Ever since the proposal of correct structure of CoCl3*6NH3 by Alfred Werner in 1893 the field of coordination chemistry has only grown and has become the center of chemical science owing to wide ranging applications in the fields of catalysis, medicine, biochemistry and organometallic chemistry. This dissertation deals with novel application of coordination chemistry from three different perspectives. The first explores the fate of a known contaminant (uranyl ion) in ground water with natural organic matter (NOM) using simple analogous aromatic and aliphatic molecules (catechol and oxalic acid). It was found that not only the immediate complex formed, long term …

Enumerative Geometry Via Topological Computations, Ritwik Mukherjee

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Enumerative geometry is a rich and fascinating subject that has been studied extensively by algebraic geometers. In our thesis however, we approach this subject using methods from differential topology. The method comprises of two parts. The first part involves computing the Euler class of a vector bundle and evaluating it on the fundamental class of a manifold. This is straightforward. The second part involves perturbing a section and computing its contribution near the boundary. This is usually difficult. We have used this method to compute how many degree $d$ curves are there in $\C\P^2$ that pass through $\frac{d(d+3)}{2} -(\delta + …

Emotion And The Work Of Writing: The Making Of Modern Literature In Media History, Wentao Jiang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation investigates a history of representation of emotions in the British long eighteenth century and in the context of a rising textual culture. I do so by tracing the trope of sympathy, which is pervasive in eighteenth-century writings such as aesthetic treatises, moral philosophy, and Romantic poetry. Sympathy builds sociality through the communication of feelings and is enacted in the practices of reading, writing and representation, all of which were changing drastically as everyday life was increasingly saturated with textual media. In the process, individual emotions have to be "flattened" (Adam Smith's word) so as to be communicable, while …

Model-Based Techniques For Dependable Decision Making In Groups Of Agents Operating Autonomously, Meng Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Massively distributed embedded systems are rapidly emerging as a key concept for many modern applications. Autonomous agents with mobile sensors are breakthrough concept in technology. However, providing efficient and scalable decision making capabilities to such systems is currently a significant challenge, especially to have flexible strategies with predictable performance in hard-to-predict conditions. My thesis first proposes a goal-oriented model to allow automated synthesis of distributed controllers, which implement and interact through models of different semantics. Scalability of descriptions is realized through defining the nature of interactions that can occur among decision modules while leaving to task of optimally implementing these …

Mechanism Of Yopj-Induced Cell Death And Capase-1 Activation In Macrophages Infected With Yersinia, Ying Zheng

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Pathogenic Yersinia species encode a Type III Secretion System (T3SS) that translocates a group of effectors termed as Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) into target cells to disrupt eukaryotic host signaling pathways. YopJ is an acetyltransferase, which prevents MAP Kinase Kinase (MKK) and I?ÂB Kinase ? (IKK? ) phosphorylation and activation and causes Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-directed apoptosis in macrophages. YopJ isoforms encoded by different Yersinia strains exhibit a range of cytotoxic activities. In previous work, a YopJ isoform in Y. pestis strain KIM5 (YopJKIM) was shown to cause enhanced cytotoxicity, caspase-1 activation and interleukin-1? (IL-1? ) release in infected …

Imaging Markers Of Cognitive Deficits In Rrms Using A Multimodal Mr Approach, Hui Jing Yu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made important contributions to the understanding of the dynamics of the disease process of multiple sclerosis (MS) in vivo and has an established role in the diagnosis of MS. Despite this, conventional MRI is only partially helpful in understanding the disease and predicting ultimate clinical outcomes. The lack of imaging biomarkers in MS also limits the development of therapeutic interventions that can eventually help treat the various symptoms of MS, including the common finding of cognitive impairment. In this dissertation, multi-modal MR imaging acquisition and analysis techniques were applied with the goal of attaining more …

Lister Hill Letter - December 2011, Lister Hill Library

Lister Hill Letter (2011-2015)

No abstract provided.

Regeneration Of Carbon Aerogel Exhausted In Water Purification, Sanjay Tewari

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Carbon has been used electrochemically in various forms for water treatment and the carbon aerogel is one of them. Carbon Aerogels (CA) are used as electrodes due to their high surface capacity and high electrical conductivity. They are also known as Carbon Nanofoams (CNF). CA electrodes attract oppositely charged ions that are nearby. This concept is known as Capacitive De-Ionization (CDI). The use of CA in CDI for water purification is well documented, but not much work has been done on regeneration of CA electrodes. Once saturated, these electrodes lose their ability to adsorb additional ions and it must be …

I Lived In Mad/Lor Hall And Am Curious To Know Why It Was Given That Name. What Is The Story Behind It?, Christine Linnehan Strigenz '76

Ask the Abbot

Abbot Pennings answers a question about the history of Madelaine-Lorraine Hall, archived from the SNC website.

An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of An 8-Week Bikram Yoga Program On Mindfulness, Perceived Stress, And Physical Fitness, Zoe L. Hewett, Lynda B. Ransdell, Yong Gao, Linda M. Petlichkoff, Shelley M. Lucas

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Previous research reports positive effects of yoga on health. The physical and psychological outcomes of participation in Bikram yoga are under-researched despite its increasing popularity, and this type of yoga may be significant with regards to stress management due to its unique method of practice. This study was designed to assess changes in levels of mindfulness, perceived stress, and physical fitness after participation in an 8-week Bikram yoga program. Fifty-one participants aged 20–54 years (mean, 31.57 years) were recruited by word of mouth from a large university located in the Northwestern United States. Participants attended a minimum of 20 Bikram …

Aerospace Section, Adrianne J. Washburn

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

A Secure And Distributed Framework To Identify And Share Needed Information, Wei Jiang, Bharath K. Samanthula

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Information analysis and communication play significant roles in decision making, especially in battle grounds and situations where national security is under threat. in many situations when information in consideration is sensitive/confidential, it is in our best interests to analyze and share only needed information to minimize the potential of security breach regarding other irrelevant but sensitive information. Thus, the goal of this paper is to investigate the required methodologies and propose an advanced communication framework that enables different entities in distributed environments to identify, share and analyze only needed information, without disclosing other unwanted but sensitive information. Such a framework …

Scaling Laws Of Key Predistribution Protocols In Wireless Sensor Networks, Wenjun Gu, Sriram Chellappan, Xiaole Bai, Honggang Wang

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many key predistribution (KP) protocols have been proposed and are well accepted in randomly deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Being distributed and localized, they are perceived to be scalable as node density and network dimension increase. While it is true in terms of communication/computation overhead, their scalability in terms of security performance is unclear. in this paper, we conduct a detailed study on this issue. in particular, we define a new metric called Resilient Connectivity (RC) to quantify security performance in WSNs. We then conduct a detailed analytical investigation on how KP protocols scale with respect to node density and …

Exploring Caching For Efficient Collection Operations, Swetha Surapaneni, Venkata Krishna Suhas Nerella, Sanjay K. Madria, Thomas Weigert

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many useful programs operate on collection types. Extensive libraries are available in many programming languages, such as the C++ Standard Template Library, which make programming with collections convenient. Extending programming languages to provide collection queries as first class constructs in the language would not only allow programmers to write queries explicitly in their programs but it would also allow compilers to leverage the wealth of experience available from the database domain to optimize such queries. This paper describes an approach to reducing the run time of programs involving explicit collection queries by leveraging a cache to store previously computed results. …

Are Nursing Students’ Clinical Skills Competency And Self-Confidence Levels Improved Via Video Ipods? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Margaret M. Hansen Edd, Msn, Rn

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Mobile technologies allow students the opportunity to enhance learning while away from the traditional classroom setting. However, educational outcome research is lacking in the use of mobile health (m-health) applications in healthcare professional practice development.

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to discover whether male and female urinary catheter insertion videos delivered via iPods increases students’ skills competency and self-confidence levels.

Methods: A prospective replicated study including second year, semester two, undergraduate nursing student participants (NSP) (N=16) was conducted: nine control participants (no video iPods) and seven intervention participants (video iPods). Nursing students attending a mandatory skills …

Modeling Unbound Granular Materials Under Complex Stress Paths, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Developing reliable and versatile constitutive models for geomaterials has been challenging tasks for nonlinear finite element analysis of geotechnical engineering systems. the fuzzy set plasticity theory has been developed to account for the nonlinear soil stress-strain response under complex stress paths. the theory in many ways resembles the bounding surface plasticity, where the plastic modulus is a function of the distance between the current and image stress states in the stress space. based on the concept of fuzzy set theory in mathematics, a membership function whose value ranges from 1 and 0 is introduced in the Fuzzy Set Plasticity Theory …