Digital Commons Network^™

Outsourcing, Modularity, And The Theory Of The Firm, Erin O'Connor, Gregg Kirchhoefer, Margaret M. Blair

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Firms have increasingly moved productive activities from within to outside the firm through outsourcing arrangements. According to some estimates, the value of outsourcing contracts has been nearly 100 billion dollars per year since 2004. Firm outsourcing happens for a number of reasons, including to save labor costs, capture the benefits of regulatory arbitrage, and take advantage of economies of scale in the provision of firm needs. We review a number of outsourcing contracts for evidence that contract techniques are used to help modularize the relationship between the firm and its service provider. Consistent with what modularity theory might predict, some …

The Law Of War In The War Against Terrorism, Michael A. Newton

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The struggle to define the contours of the legal regime and to correctly communicate those expectations to the broader audience of civilians is a recurring problem that is integrally related to the current evolution of warfare. Shaping the expectations and perceptions of the political elites who control the contours of the conflict is perhaps equally vital. The paradox is that as the legal regime applicable to the conduct of hostilities has matured over the last century, the legal dimension of conflict has at times overshadowed the armed struggle between adversaries. As a result, the overall military mission will often be …

Constitutional Adjudication In Japan: Context, Structures, And Values, John O. Haley

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Judges in Japan share the prevailing communitarian orientation of their society, an orientation that rejects Manichean choices and moral or "scientific" absolutes, but instead relies on their collective and individual perceptions of community values, including the global community, shared by peers. They also, I believe, accept an unstated premise that legislative and administrative decisions reflect a consensus among the participants--not a simple majority. The issue remains as to who participates--who sits at the table--but the political and administrative processes do not routinely require merely fifty-one out of a hundred votes. As a consequence, judges are cautiously conservative. They adhere to …

崑南及其小說研究 (1955-2009), Wai Chung Chan

Lingnan Theses

崑南(岑崑南 (1935-) 是香港一個頗富傳奇性的作家。50-60 年代，他是「現代主義」文學的一名猛將。60 年代中後期，崑南卻放棄了自己的「文藝」理想， 創辦了以流行音樂、影視、星座、消費為主的《香港青年周報》(1967)、《新周 報》(1972)等流行刊物，約至77 年中後期才因經濟問題而告終。此後崑南一直徘徊在文藝創作和通俗創作之間，掙扎不已。期間他對文學的信念和作家的自我定位日漸低落。88 年末，崑南更一度放棄創作，投入自己星座研究及個人的世界之中約7年。直至95 年中，崑南在朋友的鼓勵和支持下回歸文字創作，此後他對文學的熱情和創作意慾亦日漸見濃，不時在不同的報刊、雜誌、文藝刊物發表小說、詩歌、散文等不同作品，創辦多份文藝雜誌並擔個編輯。

本論文主要有三章，其中第一章共分成六個部份，分別討論不同時期崑南的文學活動與小說創作。全文梳理了近半個世紀之間，崑南在香港文學環境中， 在「文藝」和「通俗」兩種創作方向的來回掙扎與矛盾的心路歷程。本論文的第二章，主要疏理崑南各個時期的小說創作，其中就各小說中的情態意緒、敍事手法、語言運用等方面變化等方面來崑南「性與女體」書寫的特色。第三章主要以較宏觀的角度討論崑南的文學態度，並重點討論報紙副刊作為通俗載體 的限制和可能，藉以反思其與香港的文化環境和作家心態之間的關係。

馬宗璉《春秋左傳補注》研究, Lok Man Lee

Lingnan Theses

馬宗璉(？—1802)，清代乾嘉之際漢學大師，著《春秋左傳補注》三卷，其 書旨在補注杜預《春秋經傳集解》及惠棟《左傳補註》，多為時人所重，但近人對是書之評價，卻毀譽不一。近人研究清代《左傳》學，又不及此書。有見及此，本文擬全面研究馬宗璉《補注》內容，探討其特點及地位，藉此客觀評價 此書。

首先，根據今所考見之材料，重新敘寫馬宗璉生平及其所參與之學術活動。 關於馬宗璉生平的資料，可供依據者並不多，記述較完整的只有王引之〈家傳〉 及馬其昶《桐城耆舊傳》兩則紀事。馬宗璉早年跟從其舅姚鼐學習古文辭，後 來改攻漢學。乾隆五十年，入京向當時名儒邵晉涵、王念孫等問學，又先後佐修《經籍纂詁》及《史籍考》，可惜修書未峻，馬宗璉便去世。

其二，考釋馬氏《補注》中文字訓詁、人物職官、禮制及地理四方面內容， 以觀其得失。要正確地評價馬氏《補注》，必先考察其內容之得失及方法之優劣。 惜乎前人鮮有詳細考釋此書內容，因此在評價此書時，有欠允當。馬宗璉書中有關地理及人物職官部分，較具參考價值。至於文字訓詁部分，馬氏善於運用字書，但在聲訓之法上卻頗多失誤。禮制部分則甚多疏略，經常牽附禮書。

其三，梳理馬氏《補注》與前人經說之關係，分析馬宗璉運用前人經說的方法及態度。清儒研讀古書，號稱實事求是，旁徵博引。但各家專精不同，對古書的搜求考證，亦每有差異。馬宗璉面對經說琳瑯，各家異義，嘗試進行考辨、梳理並有所取捨。馬宗璉最重視鄭玄經注，對賈、服舊注，多有考辨。馬氏書對賈、服、杜注較能持平而論，免卻當時對賈、服舊注「不辨是非」之弊。 另外，其書又以《水經注》、《郡國志》等地志補足惠棟《補註》地理部分的不 足。

其四，考察劉文淇、安井衡及竹添光鴻著作中引用馬氏《補注》的情況， 以見馬氏書對後來注解的影響。重新評價馬氏《補注》，除審視書中內容之得失優劣外，亦須考察後來學者對此書之關注。翻查清代學術史、清代《左傳》學 史，對馬氏書著墨不多。但是，劉文淇《春秋左氏傳舊注疏證》、日本安井衡《左 傳輯釋》及竹添光鴻《左傳會箋》三書卻大量引錄馬氏《補注》，以該書地理及人物職官部分，最受三家重視。

香港文學的現代主義 : 六、七〇年代歐洲電影與香港文學的關係, Pak Shing Tse

Lingnan Theses

大量的史實證明，香港五、六○年代銳意介紹西方現代主義的文藝雜誌與 副刊跨越了不同的藝術媒介，為香港現代文學奠下了重要的基礎；而這個基礎 有兩個重要的特質：一它是一個連續的累積過程，二它具有跨越媒介的特色。 由《文藝新潮》（1956－1959）以降，到《新思潮》(1959)、《好望角》(1963) 等提倡現代文藝的雜誌，它們所累積的現代主義文化根基及對不同藝術媒介的 包容吸收，到了六○年代的《中國學生周報》仍然秉承這份精神。本文把西方傳入的現代主義思潮看成是一個在香港連續發展的整體。

現代主義雖然是西方思潮，但在香港的特殊背景之中，反而把其消化成香港獨特的文學風格，令香港文學更加本土化；而對於六○年代在香港成長的作者，歐洲電影更是一個吸收現代主義思潮的重要途徑。本文以現代主義及歐洲電影兩條線索在香港交匯的事實構成一個視角，一方面考察香港本土意識的形成，另一方面探討電影與文學在美學及文化上的互動關係。

在這個視角下，六○年代《中國學生周報‧電影版》所討論的歐洲電影成為本文重要的文獻，而本文會抽取當中較有代表性的電影作品，並以之為章節， 看其對香港文學的影響。討論的作品以長篇作品《剪紙》（1977）及《我城》 （1979）為主，旁及《養龍人師門》（2002）、《象是笨蛋》（1969）以至也斯及西西的影評，以及他們回應某些歐洲電影的文學作品。與過往的評論不同， 本文把這兩部作品放在歐洲電影與現代主義文學交錯的脈絡中，重新發掘其背後的影響來源，討論的電影包括阿倫‧雷奈（Alain Resnais，1922－）的《去 年在馬倫巴》(Last Year at Marienbad， 1961)、路易士‧布紐爾（Luis Buñuel， 1900－1983）的《模糊的情慾對象》(That Obscure Object of Desire，1977)、 安東尼奧尼（Michelangelo Antonioni）的《春光乍洩》（Blow-Up，1966)、路 易‧馬盧（Louis Malle，1932－1995）的《莎西遊巴黎》（Zazie dans le m�tro， 1960）等，並旁及這些導演其他電影作品及當時歐洲的電影文化，以至它們背後的文學原著，包括法國情色文學作家皮亞‧盧維（Pierre Louÿs，1870－1925） 的《女人與玩偶》（The Woman and The Puppet，1898）、 南美魔幻寫實作家科塔薩爾（Julio Cotazar，1914－1984）的短編作品、法國新小說作家的電影劇本等，並以也斯和西西早期作品為參照，察看當中受電影文化影響的轉變過程。

Interchange Fee Rate, Merchant Discount Rate, And Retail Prices In A Credit Card Network : A Game-Theoretic Analysis, Hangfei Guo

Lingnan Theses

We consider two game-theoretic settings to determine the optimal values of an issuer's interchange fee rate, an acquirer's merchant discount rate, and a merchant's retail prices for multiple products in a credit card network. In the first setting, we investigate a two-stage game problem in which the issuer and the acquirer first negotiate the interchange fee rate, and the acquirer and the retailer then determine their merchant discount rate and retail prices, respectively. In the second setting, motivated by the recent U.S. bill "H.R. 2695," we develop a three-player cooperative game in which the issuer, the acquirer, and the merchant …

Ant Colony Optimization Approach For Stacking Configurations, Yijun Chen

Lingnan Theses

In data mining, classifiers are generated to predict the class labels of the instances. An ensemble is a decision making system which applies certain strategies to combine the predictions of different classifiers and generate a collective decision. Previous research has empirically and theoretically demonstrated that an ensemble classifier can be more accurate and stable than its component classifiers in most cases. Stacking is a well-known ensemble which adopts a two-level structure: the base-level classifiers to generate predictions and the meta-level classifier to make collective decisions. A consequential problem is: what learning algorithms should be used to generate the base-level and …

Evaluation Of An Emergency Preparedness Exercise Using Hseep Format, Kelly A. Lawall Ms, Bsn, Phrn, Michael Wargo Bsn, Mba, Phrn, Cmte

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Empathy Tempering Economic Choice: The Empirical Evidence, Marianna Khachaturyan, Gary D. Lynne, Natalia Czap, Hans Czap, Mark E. Burbach

Cornhusker Economics

The notion that something beyond money could also be an important part of economic choice goes back hundreds of years. Adam Smith, who is credited with providing the framework for modern market-based economies, wrote extensively in the late 1700s about the role of the “moral sentiments.” In fact, his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments was actually drafted first, and he worked on it many years after the publication of his better known book On the Nature and the Causes of the Wealth of Nations, the latter focused “on the money.” Intriguingly, the sentiments/empathy book is all about how …

مدى تطبيق واعتماد المصارف المحلية العراقية للحوكمة المصرفية.. دراسة ميدانية لعينة من المصارف العاملة في القطاعين الحكومي والخاص في بيئة العمل العراقية, محمد سمير دهيرب

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على الحوكمة المصرفية وفقا لمبادئ وقواعد الحوكمة الصادرة عن منظمة التنمية والتعاون الاقتصادي (OECD) ولجنة بازل Basel) ) للرقابة المصرفية، حيث جاءت الدراسة لتسلط الضوء على مفاهيم وأهداف ومزايا الحوكمة, وقد تم تطبيق الحوكمة المصرفية في عينة من المؤسسات المالية ومنها المصارف المحلية العاملة في البيئة العراقية باعتبارها الركائز الأساسية للاقتصاد الوطني واحد دعائمه وذلك باستخدام أسلوب استمارات الاستبانة في مجتمع الدراسة المتكون من (30) موظف. إن أهم ما جاء بالدراسة من استنتاجات، أن مبادئ الحوكمة عند تطبيقها من شأنها أن تؤدي إلى تحقيق العدالة والشفافية وحماية حقوق المودعين وتعمل على تخفيض معدلات الفساد المالي والإداري …

Symbionts As An Epigenetic Source Of Heritable Variation, Scott F. Gilbert

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Evolutionary Developmental Biology And Intelligent Design, Scott F. Gilbert

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Land Management On House Mice And Red Imported Fire Ants, Jesse R. Abelson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understanding of mechanisms that limit the abundance and distribution of species is central to ecology. The failure of mechanisms to regulate populations can result in population outbreaks. There have been two outbreaks of house mice in the past decade in central Florida. In my study, I examine the efficacy of landscape management in the form of mowing and plowed soil barriers to limit or prevent outbreaks of house mice in a former agricultural area. House mouse populations were highly variable, but were unaffected by mowing or plowed soil barriers. Red imported fire ants were ubiquitous in the study area regardless …

Investigation Of Nanoceria-Modified Platinum-Gold Composite Electrodes For The Electrochemical Reduction Of Oxygen In Alkaline Media, Rahul Hegishte

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Platinum-gold and nanoceria-modified platinum-gold electrodes were prepared on a platinum surface via electrochemical reduction of solutions of platinum and gold salts in the dispersion of nanoceria. The molar ratios of Pt and Au were varied in both PtAu and PtAu/CeO₂ electrodes while the total concentration of the metals was maintained at 2 x 10⁻³M and the concentration of nanoceria was maintained constant at 5 x 10⁻³M. The electrodes were characterized by their cyclic voltammetry curves in 0.5M sulfuric acid solution. The electrochemically active area of the electrodes was determined using the copper underpotential deposition method. The linear sweep voltammograms of …

The Application Of Two-Photon Absorbing Probes In Lysosomal, Zinc Ion Sensing And Folate Receptor-Targeted Bioimaging, Xuhua Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) has become a powerful technique for bioimaging in non-invasive cancer diagnosis and also investigating the mechanization and original of a variety of diseases by tracking various biological processes. Because the fluorescence emission by two photon absorbing (2PA) is directly proportional to the square of the intensity of excitation light, this intrinsic property of 2PA provides 2PFM great advantages over traditional one-photon fluorescence microscopy (1PFM), including high 3D spatial localization, less photodamage and interference from biological tissue because of using longer wavelength excitation (700-1300 nm). However, most 2PA probes are hydrophobic and their photostabilities are questionable, severely …

Risk, Speculation, And Otc Derivatives: An Inaugural Essay For Convivium, Lynn A. Stout

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Speculative trading, including speculative trading in derivatives, is often claimed to provide social benefits by decreasing risk and improving the accuracy of market prices. This assumption overlooks the possibility that speculation can be driven not just by differences in traders' risk aversion and information investments, but also by differences in traders' subjective expectations. Disagreement-based speculation erodes traders' returns, increases traders' risks, and can distort market prices. There is reason to believe that by 2008, the market for OTC derivatives may have been dominated by disagreement-based speculation that contributed to the Fall 2008 credit crisis.

Rulemaking In 140 Characters Or Less: Social Networking And Public Participation In Rulemaking, Cynthia R. Farina, Paul Miller, Mary J. Newhart, Claire Cardie, Dan Cosley, Rebecca Vernon

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Rulemaking—the process by which administrative agencies make new regulations—has long been a target for egovernment efforts. The process is now one of the most important ways the federal government makes public policy.  Moreover, transparency and participation rights are already part of its legal structure. The first generation of federal erulemaking involved putting the conventional process online by creating an e-docket of rulemaking materials and allowing online submission of public comments. Now the Obama administration is urging agencies to embark on the second generation of technology-assisted rulemaking, by bringing social media into the process.

In this Article we describe the initial …

Rulemaking 2.0, Cynthia R. Farina, Mary J. Newhart, Claire Cardie, Dan Cosley, Cornell Erulemaking Initiative

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

In response to President Obama's Memorandum on Transparency and Open Government, federal agencies are on the verge of a new generation in online rulemaking. However, unless we recognize the several barriers to making rulemaking a more broadly participatory process, and purposefully adapt Web 2.0 technologies and methods to lower those barriers, Rulemaking 2.0 is likely to disappoint agencies and open-government advocates alike.

This article describes the design, operation, and initial results of Regulation Room, a pilot public rulemaking participation platform created by a cross-disciplinary group of Cornell researchers in collaboration with the Department of Transportation. Regulation Room uses selected live …

Defending Disclosure In Software Licensing, Robert A. Hillman, Maureen O'Rourke

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This Article surveys prominent kinds of disclosures in contract law-of facts, contract terms, and performance intentions. We show why the disclosure tool, although subject to substantial criticism, promotes important social values and goals, including efficiency, autonomy, corrective justice, fairness, and the legitimacy of the contract process. Further, proposals to replace disclosure with other alternatives are unrealistic because they are too expensive or complex. Our working example is the American Law Institute's Principles of the Law of Software Contracts.

The Predictability Of Juries, Valerie P. Hans, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This article discusses the meaning of jury “predictability” and whether jury research supports claims of unpredictability. It then analyzes the factors that are associated with perceptions of civil jury unpredictability using data from (1) surveys of corporate and insurance attorneys’ views of the civil justice system, and (2) the outcomes of civil jury trials in state courts. Perceptions of punitive damages dominate business and insurance industry attorneys’ jury predictability ratings. Punitive damages data are significantly and strongly related to attorneys’ judgments about jury predictability across states. This strong association occurs despite evidence of infrequent punitive damage award requests and less …

Recent Developments: Miller V. State: The United States Supreme Court Decision In Padilla V. Kentucky, Holding That Failure To Advise Non-Citizen Clients About Deportation As A Possible Consequence Of A Guilty Plea Could Invalidate The Plea, Created New Law And Therefore Does Not Apply Retroactively To Invalidate Judgments Finalized Prior To The March 31, 2010 Decision, Mary Lynn Denholm

University of Baltimore Law Forum

No abstract provided.

Recent Developments: Williams V. State: Maryland Laws Restricting The Right To Wear, Carry, Or Transport Firearms Outside Of The Home Without A Permit Do Not Violate The Second Amendment Of The United States Constitution, Nicholas Phillips

University of Baltimore Law Forum

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Analysis Of Empirical Legal Scholarship Production, 1990-2009, Michael R. Heise

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Inspired by the retirement of Professor Tom Ulen of the University of Illinois, the author considers the growth and development of empirical legal scholarship over two decades—a period of time that corresponds, not coincidentally, with Professor Ulen’s career. Starting in the 1990s when empirical scholarship had not yet “caught on,” the author first documents the increase in quantity of empirical scholarship over two decades. Next, the author applies a law and economics perspective to the recent surge in empirical scholarship, explaining that the trend has been fueled by an increase in the number of empirically trained scholars and also by …

Group Rights And Legal Pluralism, Natan Lerner

Emory International Law Review

This Essay deals with a controversial issue in the area of group relations in democratic states, namely the place of group rights in democratic societies and the role of legal pluralism theories. Group rights are presently recognized as entitled to, if not a treatment equal to that of individual rights, at least the recognition of some form of legitimacy that justifies respect, consideration, and protection. Underlying such legitimacy is a view that looks to ensuring harmony between, and constructive coexistence of, the different components of democratic societies. This was not always the case with classic international law, which was not …

Religious And Customary Laws In Nigeria, Abdulmumini A. Oba

Emory International Law Review

This Essay discusses the 'religious law' and 'customary law' paradigms in the context of the Nigerian legal system. It also examines the pluralistic nature of Nigeria in terms of ethnicity, religion, and law, and argues that the religious law paradigm is problematic for the discussion of laws at the global level generally and within the Nigerian legal system in particular. Then this Essay identifies customary law, Islamic law, and English law (common law) as the three legal traditions in Nigeria, and then proceeds to discuss their status and scope, the conflicts between them, and the particular challenges facing the Islamic …

The New Icc Rule On Consolidation: Progress Or Change?, Lara M. Pair, Paul Frankenstein

Emory International Law Review

In September 2011, the International Chamber of Commerce ('ICC') published the tenth revision of its Arbitration Rules. A task force of more than 175 members from forty-one countries revised the ICC Rules, starting in October 2008. These new rules will enter into effect on January 1, 2012, replacing the current ICC Rules that entered into force on January 1, 1998. Numerous changes were made, ranging from the trivial to the significant. This Article analyzes the expansion of the provision on consolidation in an attempt to predict whether there will be material improvement in the consolidation process or whether the changes …

Protecting The Human Rights Of Lgbt People In Uganda In The Wake Of Uganda's "Anti Homosexuality Bill, 2009", Daniel Englander

Emory International Law Review

A bill pending before the Ugandan Parliament from October 2009 to May 2011 sought to punish anyone who engages in 'homosexuality' with life imprisonment and prescribed the death penalty for a variety of activities deemed 'aggravated homosexuality.' Many commentators saw the 'Anti Homosexuality Bill, 2009' ('Bill' or 'Anti-homosexuality Bill') as the most pernicious legislative proposal aimed at gays and lesbians anywhere in the world and feared the death penalty provision could signal a 'looming gay genocide' in Uganda. This Comment seeks to begin the conversation on legal solutions to vindicate the rights of LGBT people in Uganda in the wake …

International Law, Religious Limitations, And Cultural Sensitivity: The Park51 Mosque At Ground Zero, Heather Greenfield

Emory International Law Review

In the summer of 2010, a controversy erupted after news surfaced of a planned mosque two blocks from New York City's Ground Zero. The proposed location of the mosque, now named Park51, inflamed the passions of many Americans who believed that the Muslim institution would threaten both the memories of September 11, 2001, and the respect for those killed by the terrorist attacks. The Park51 mosque quickly attracted international attention, and the question of whether the state could restrict the mosque became entangled in a web of legal and 'cultural sensitivity' arguments. This Comment advocates an international human rights framework …

The Burqa Ban: An Unreasonable Limitation On Religious Freedom Or A Justifiable Restriction?, Shaira Nanwani

Emory International Law Review

In the spring of 2011, France enacted a law banning the concealment of the face in public spaces (the 'burqa ban'). The burqa ban creates two new punishable offenses in France. First, wearing clothing designed to conceal one's face in a public space is punishable by either a maximum of a €150 fine or by being required to take a class on the meaning of citizenship, or both. Second, forcing a woman to wear a face-covering veil is punishable by one year of imprisonment or a €30,000 fine. The burqa ban, which was first introduced by the French National Assembly …