Digital Commons Network^™

Leadership In Sustainable Chemicals Policy: Opportunities For Oregon, Jennifer H. Allen, Alexis Dinno

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Oregon is uniquely positioned to lead in the development of safer alternatives to toxic chemicals. Existing chemicals policy in the United States does not comprehensively protect human health or the environment from the potential impacts of chemical exposure. Very few of the 84,000 chemical substances produced, processed or imported for commercial purposes in the United States have been studied for health and environmental impacts. The federal Environmental Protection Agency has access to only limited information about potential health or environmental hazards. Manufacturers have the right to withhold what they consider to be confidential business information. Because of this lack of …

Mapping Conservation Opportunity Areas For The Intertwine's Regional Conservation Strategy, Theresa Burcsu, James S. Kagan

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

As part of efforts to develop the Regional Conservation Strategy (RCS) for the greater Portland-Vancouver region, Oregon State University’s Institute for Natural Resources (INR) was asked to use spatial modeling to identify conservation opportunity areas (COAs). To complete the project, INR analysts proposed a strategy that would map high value areas using a landscape approach that is focused on relatively high spatial resolution data sets available for the whole metropolitan region. The approach creates 2 main metrics: one focused on terrestrial organisms and the other focused on aquatic and riparian organisms. These are combined to create a map of highly …

New Species Of Marsupial Frog (Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) From An Isolated Montane Forest In Southern Peru, Alessandro Catenazzi, Rudolf Von May

Publications

We describe a new species of marsupial frog (genus Gastrotheca) from an isolated patch of cloud forest in the upper reaches of the Pachachaca River, a tributary of the Apurimac River in southern Peru (Apurimac Region). The new species is small with males less than 30 mm and a single female 35.3 mm in snout–vent length. A juvenile was collected from inside an epiphytic bromeliad at ~3 m, suggesting that this species is arboreal or uses bromeliad tanks as microhabitats. We describe the advertisement call, which has a dominant frequency above 2.2 kHz. Based on morphology and advertisement call, …

The Prevalence And Factors Associated With Nonadherence With Arv Treatment And Cotrimoxazole Preventive Therapy Among Hiv Infected Adolescents Attending Out-Patient Hiv Clinics In Kenya, Reson Marima

Master of Medicine in Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: There is an increase in the burden of HIV infected adolescents, both those perinatally infected as well as those acquiring HIV during adolescence. Female adolescents continue to be at the highest risk for acquiring HIV; in many Southern African countries, they have a three fold risk of acquiring HIV compared to their male counterparts. Adherence to treatment among adolescents has been shown to range between 30-70%, which is unacceptably low for antiretroviral therapy (ART). Psychosocial wellbeing and social support have been shown to be possible contributing factors to adherence to ART. This relationship has not been previously evaluated among …

Assessing The Risk Of Second Malignancies After Modern Radiotherapy, Wayne D. Newhauser, Marco Durante

Faculty Publications

Recent advances in radiotherapy have enabled the use of different types of particles, such as protons and heavy ions, as well as refinements to the treatment of tumours with standard sources (photons). However, the risk of second cancers arising in long-term survivors continues to be a problem. The long-term risks from treatments such as particle therapy have not yet been determined and are unlikely to become apparent for many years. Therefore, there is a need to develop risk assessments based on our current knowledge of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.

Convection Enhanced Delivery Of Carboranylporphyrins For Neutron Capture Therapy Of Brain Tumors, Shinji Kawabata, Weilian Yang, Rolf F. Barth, Gong Wu, Tianyao Huo, Peter J. Binns, Kent J. Riley, Owendi Ongayi, Vijay Gottumukkala, M. Graça H. Vicente

Faculty Publications

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when non-radioactive 10B is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to produce α-particles ( 10B[n,α]7Li). Carboranylporphyrins are a class of substituted porphyrins containing multiple carborane clusters. Three of these compounds, designated H2TBP, H2TCP, and H2DCP, have been evaluated in the present study. The goals were two-fold. First, to determine their biodistribution following intracerebral (i.c.) administration by short term (30 min) convection enhanced delivery (CED) or sustained delivery over 24 h by Alzet™ osmotic pumps to F98 glioma bearing rats. Second, to determine the efficacy …

Identification Of A Novel Gene, Cia6, Required For Normal Pyrenoid Formation In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Yunbing Ma, Steve V. Pollock, Ying Xiao, Khrishen Cunnusamy, James V. Moroney

Faculty Publications

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) that allows the alga to grow at low CO2 concentrations. One common feature seen in photosynthetic organisms possessing a CCM is the tight packaging of Rubisco within the cell. In many eukaryotic algae, Rubisco is localized to the pyrenoid, an electron-dense structure within the chloroplast. In order to identify genes required for a functional CCM, insertional Bleomycin resistance (BleR) mutants were generated and screened for growth on minimal medium under high CO2 conditions (5% CO2 in air) but only slow or no growth under very low CO2 conditions (0.01% CO2 in air). One …

Developing Resistance To Aflatoxin In Maize And Cottonseed, Jeffrey W. Cary, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Robert L. Brown, Meng Luo, Zhi Yuan Chen, Deepak Bhatnagar

Faculty Publications

At this time, no ''magic bullet'' for solving the aflatoxin contamination problem in maize and cottonseed has been identified, so several strategies must be utilized simultaneously to ensure a healthy crop, free of aflatoxins. The most widely explored strategy for the control of aflatoxin contamination is the development of preharvest host resistance. This is because A. flavus infects and produces aflatoxins in susceptible crops prior to harvest. In maize production, the host resistance strategy has gained prominence because of advances in the identification of natural resistance traits. However, native resistance in maize to aflatoxin contamination is polygenic and complex and, …

Laboratory Toxicity And Field Efficacy Of Selected Insecticides Against Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Jarrod T. Hardke, Joshua H. Temple, B. Rogers Leonard, Ryan E. Jackson

Faculty Publications

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is an occasional but often serious pest of several row crops in the southern U.S., including cotton, field corn, and grain sorghum. The objective of these studies was to generate baseline dose-mortality responses for fall armyworm larvae in laboratory bioassays, to confirm field efficacy against natural infestations, and to determine residual efficacy of selected insecticides. These studies evaluated 4 recently developed insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flubendiamide, and spinetoram) and 5 commercial standards (indoxacarb, lambda-cyhalothrin, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, and spinosad). In diet-incorporated assays, the LC 50 values of chlorantranilprole and spinetoram were significantly lower than the …

Combined Admixture Mapping And Association Analysis Identifies A Novel Blood Pressure Genetic Locus On 5p13: Contributions From The Care Consortium, Xiaofeng Zhu, J. H. Young, Ervin Fox, Brendan J. Keating, Nora Franceschini, Sunjung Kang, Bamidele Tayo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Yun V. Sun, Yali Li, Alanna Morrison, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Kiang Liu, Santhi K. Ganesh, Abdullah Kutlar, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Albert Dreisbach, Sharon Wyatt, Joseph Polak, Walter Palmas, Solomon Musani, Herman Taylor, Richard Fabsitz, Raymond R. Townsend, Daniel Dries, Joseph Glessner, Charleston W.K. Chiang, Thomas Mosley, Sharon Kardia, David Curb, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Charles Rotimi, Alexander Reiner

Faculty Publications

Admixture mapping based on recently admixed populations is a powerful method to detect disease variants with substantial allele frequency differences in ancestral populations. We performed admixture mapping analysis for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), followed by trait-marker association analysis, in 6303 unrelated African-American participants of the Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) consortium. We identified five genomic regions (P < 0.001) harboring genetic variants contributing to inter-individual BP variation. In follow-up association analyses, correcting for all tests performed in this study, three loci were significantly associated with SBP and one significantly associated with DBP (P < 10-5). Further analyses suggested that six independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributed to the phenotypic variation observed in the admixture mapping analysis. These six SNPs were examined for replication in multiple, large, independent studies of African-Americans [Women's Health Initiative (WHI), Maywood, Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) and Howard University Family Study (HUFS)] as well as one native African sample (Nigerian study), with a total replication sample size of 11 882. Meta-analysis of the replication set identified a novel variant (rs7726475) on chromosome 5 between the SUB1 and NPR3 genes, as being associated with SBP and DBP (P < 0.0015 for both); in meta-analyses combining the CARe samples with the replication data, we observed P-values of 4.45 × 10-7 for SBP and 7.52 × 10-7 for DBP for rs7726475 that were significant after accounting for all the tests performed. Our study highlights that admixture mapping analysis can help identify genetic variants missed by genomewide association studies because of drastically reduced number of tests in the whole genome. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.

Association Of Genetic Variation With Systolic And Diastolic Blood Pressure Among African Americans: The Candidate Gene Association Resource Study, Ervin R. Fox, J. Hunter Young, Yali Li, Albert W. Dreisbach, Brendan J. Keating, Solomon K. Musani, Kiang Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Santhi Ganesh, Abdullah Kutlar, Vasan S. Ramachandran, Josef F. Polak, Richard R. Fabsitz, Daniel L. Dries, Deborah N. Farlow, Susan Redline, Adebowale Adeyemo, Joel N. Hirschorn, Yan V. Sun, Sharon B. Wyatt, Alan D. Penman, Walter Palmas, Jerome I. Rotter, Raymond R. Townsend, Ayo P. Doumatey, Bamidele O. Tayo, Thomas H. Mosley, Helen N. Lyon, Sun J. Kang, Charles N. Rotimi, Richard S. Cooper, Nora Franceschini, J. David Curb

Faculty Publications

The prevalence of hypertension in African Americans (AAs) is higher than in other US groups; yet, few have performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in AA. Among people of European descent, GWASs have identified genetic variants at 13 loci that are associated with blood pressure. It is unknown if these variants confer susceptibility in people of African ancestry. Here, we examined genome-wide and candidate gene associations with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) using the Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) consortium consisting of 8591 AAs. Genotypes included genome-wide singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data utilizing the Affymetrix 6.0 array with …

Projecting Climate Change Effects On Forest Net Primary Productivity In Subtropical Louisiana, Usa, Fugui Wang, Y. Jun Xu, Thomas J. Dean

Faculty Publications

This study projected responses of forest net primary productivity (NPP) to three climate change scenarios at a resolution of 5 km × 5 km across the state of Louisiana, USA. In addition, we assessed uncertainties associated with the NPP projection at the grid and state levels. Climate data of the scenarios were derived from Community Climate System Model outputs. Changes in annual NPP between 2000 and 2050 were projected with the forest ecosystem model PnET-II. Results showed that forest productivity would increase under climate change scenarios A1B and A2, but with scenario B1, it would peak during 2011-2020 and then …

Because Furman Matters, Furman University

Furman Magazine

Prospectus for Completion of the Comprehensive Fundraising Campaign

Conference Names Arguello Female Athlete Of Year, Furman University

Furman Magazine

No abstract provided.

Club Sports Make Noise On National Scene, Furman University

Furman Magazine

No abstract provided.

Reed Finds Gridiron Success North Of The Border, Ron Wagner

Furman Magazine

No abstract provided.

Auditory-Phonetic Projection And Lexical Structure In The Recognition Of Sine-Wave Words, Robert E. Remez, Kathryn R. Dubowski, Robin S. Broder, Morgana L. Davids, Yael S. Grossman, Marina Moskalenko, Jennifer Pardo, Sara Maria Hasbun

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Speech remains intelligible despite the elimination of canonical acoustic correlates of phonemes from the spectrum. A portion of this perceptual flexibility can be attributed to modulation sensitivity in the auditory-to-phonetic projection, although signal-independent properties of lexical neighborhoods also affect intelligibility in utterances composed of words. Three tests were conducted to estimate the effects of exposure to natural and sine-wave samples of speech in this kind of perceptual versatility. First, sine-wave versions of the easy and hard word sets were created, modeled on the speech samples of a single talker. The performance difference in recognition of easy and hard words was …

Weaning Onto Solid Foods In Ireland: Some Of The Challenges, A. E. Bennett, A. O'Connor, N. J. Canning, E. M. Keaveney, Katherine Younger, M. Flynn

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

A Three-Step Method For Teaching The Principles Of Evolution To Non-Biology Major Undergraduates, Cameron M. Smith

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

A method for teaching the principles of evolution in a 50-minute lecture for undergraduate non-biology majors is described. The method “unpacks” evolution into three observable, factual occurrences: replication (R, reproduction), variation (V, differences between parent and offspring and siblings), and selection (S, nonrandom differential survival of offspring). This method has been particularly effective in demonstrating to students that evolution is the factual, unintended consequence of three independent phenomena (R, V, S).

The Role Of Protein Kinase C Epsilon In Hydrogen Peroxide And Nitric Oxide Release During Oxidative Stress Caused By Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy, Edward S. Iames

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Clinical extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) treatment to ablate kidney stones can cause acute damage to the renal microvasculature. Accumulation of continued treatment with shockwave therapy can lead to chronic damage to the kidney, and lead to clinical hypertension. Shockwaves have been shown to stimulate endothelial cells to release superoxide (SO), which is converted to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and reacts with nitric oxide (NO) to produce peroxynitrite anion (OONO^-), creating a powerful oxidant that increases oxidative stress while simultaneously reducing NO bioavailability. Increased oxidative stress during events such as ESWL, also uncouples NO production …

Southern Alumni, Siu Alumni Association

SIU Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

Soci 355.30: Population And Society, Teresa R. Sobieszczyk

University of Montana Course Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Oncolog, Volume 56, Number 06, June 2011, John H. Mccool, Sunni Hoseman

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• MD Anderson Celebrates 70th Anniversary: Its first clinical facility was a converted Army barracks, its first headquarters was renovated residential estate near downtown Houston, and its first cancer research was conducted by four scientists in a former horse stable
• Compass: Stage II or III Soft Tissue Sarcoma-Chemotherapy and radiation therapy before or after surgery benefit patients

Model–Based Reasoning Applied To Biological Spacecraft Payloads For Anomaly Management, Giovanni Minelli

Mechanical Engineering Master's Theses

With the ever-increasing complexity of spacecraft, the real-time data and state of health analysis by mission operators becomes an intricate process subject to the pitfalls of error-prone human reasoning techniques. If even detected, characterizing an anomalous state on the spacecraft can take substantial amounts of time thus reducing overall operational efficiency and possibly even jeopardizing the mission. This research specifically addresses the state-of-health analysis of biological payloads flown on NASA missions such as GeneSat-1 and PharmaSat. The complex engineering systems and timely anomaly resolution required for maintaining life support in these biological spacecraft makes human diagnosis on its own insufficient. …

Defining Torture And Cruel, Inhuman, And Degrading Treatment, David Weissbrodt, Cheryl Heilman

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

June 1, 2011, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Missouri S&T Magazine Summer 2011, Missouri S&T Marketing And Communications Department, Miner Alumni Association

Missouri S&T Magazine

No abstract provided.

Commensurability And Agency: Two Yet-To-Be-Met Challenges For Law And Economics, Alon Harel, Ariel Porat

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Adaptive Management As An Information Problem, Holly Doremus

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

General Design Principles For Resilience And Adaptive Capacity In Legal Systems - With Applications To Climate Change Adaptation, J. B. Ruhl

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.