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2011

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Phosphate Solubility And Biocontrol Activity Of Trichoderma Harzianum, Padmavathi Tallapragada, Madhumathi Gudimi Jan 2011

Phosphate Solubility And Biocontrol Activity Of Trichoderma Harzianum, Padmavathi Tallapragada, Madhumathi Gudimi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens is a possible alternative to the use of chemical pesticides, which are harmful to the environment. Under greenhouse and field conditions, several isolated strains of the fungus Trichoderma have been found to be effective biocontrol agents of various soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. The use of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) has a considerable synergistic effect on the growth and development of crop plants. In the present study, T. harzianum was isolated from 10 different agro-climatic zones of Karnataka and tested for the potential of antagonistic activity against the plant pathogen Xanthomonas and the ability of …

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Preliminary Studies On Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, And Antidiarrhoeal Properties Of Evolvulus Alsinoides, U.M.Dhana Lekshmi, P.Neelakanta Reddy Jan 2011

Preliminary Studies On Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, And Antidiarrhoeal Properties Of Evolvulus Alsinoides, U.M.Dhana Lekshmi, P.Neelakanta Reddy

Turkish Journal of Biology

The ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides L. (Convolvulaceae) was investigated for antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antidiarrhoeal properties in female albino rats. Preliminary phytochemical studies were carried out to confirm the presence of active chemical constituents in the plant extract, and the result showed a positive report for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. The pharmacological result showed that the ethanolic extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight and 500 mg/kg body weight caused a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema and a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of hyperpyrexia induced by Brewer's yeast in rats. The extract also elicited marked antidiarrhoeal activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea at a dose of 500 mg/kg. This study has proved scientifically the ancient claim that the whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides has antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antidiarrhoeal activities.

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The Optimization Of Adna Extraction Protocol And Sex Determination Of Bronze Age Individuals From Oylum Höyük (Kilis, Turkey), Serdal Arslan, Ayşen Açikkol, Ertan Mahi̇r Korkmaz Jan 2011

The Optimization Of Adna Extraction Protocol And Sex Determination Of Bronze Age Individuals From Oylum Höyük (Kilis, Turkey), Serdal Arslan, Ayşen Açikkol, Ertan Mahi̇r Korkmaz

Turkish Journal of Biology

Oylum Höyük falls within the borders of the province of Kilis, located in the southern part of Turkey. It is an important Bronze Age settlement dating back to 5500 BC. In this study, the sex of 36 individuals found in Oylum Höyük was examined using morphological and genetic methods. In the morphological method, sex was identified in 14 female and 13 male individuals. The remaining 8 individuals could not be identified due to the poor preservation of their skeletal remains. Genetic sex was determined with the amplification of sex-specific X, Y centromeric alphoid repeats and ZFX-ZYF gene regions of DNA, …

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Studies On The Effect Of Ph And Carbon Sources On Enzyme Activities Of Some Pectinolytic Bacteria Isolated From Jute Retting Water, Biswapriya Das, Ashis Chakraborty, Sagarmoy Ghosh, Kalyan Chakrabarti Jan 2011

Studies On The Effect Of Ph And Carbon Sources On Enzyme Activities Of Some Pectinolytic Bacteria Isolated From Jute Retting Water, Biswapriya Das, Ashis Chakraborty, Sagarmoy Ghosh, Kalyan Chakrabarti

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effect of pH of the assay media and different carbon sources in the culture media on the activities of 4 different enzymes, namely polygalacturonase (PG), pectin lyase (PNL), xylanase, and cellulase, of some pectinolytic bacteria were studied. The pectinolytic bacterial strains were isolated from the jute retting water bodies of 2 important jute growing areas of North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. The highest PG (12.45 to 41.0 IU/g cell wet weight) and PNL (22.55 to 75.7 U/mL) activities occurred at the alkaline pH of 8.0 and 8.5, respectively. Maximum xylanase activity (0.01 to 0.735 \mumol/mL/min) occurred at pH …

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Production Of A Novel Bifunctional Catalase-Phenol Oxidase Of Scytalidium Thermophilum In The Presence Of Phenolic Compounds, Yonca Yüzügüllü, Zümrüt Begüm Ögel, Ufuk Bölükbaşi, Nursen Çoruh, Gürkan Karakaş Jan 2011

Production Of A Novel Bifunctional Catalase-Phenol Oxidase Of Scytalidium Thermophilum In The Presence Of Phenolic Compounds, Yonca Yüzügüllü, Zümrüt Begüm Ögel, Ufuk Bölükbaşi, Nursen Çoruh, Gürkan Karakaş

Turkish Journal of Biology

A novel bifunctional catalase with additional phenol oxidase activity (CATPO) is produced by the thermophilic fungus, Scytalidium thermophilum, in a growth-associated manner. In order to study the biological significance of this dual enzyme in relation to phenolic compounds, 14 phenolics were tested for their effect on growth and CATPO production. It was determined that some phenolics exerted a negative effect on growth (catechol, coumaric acid, hydroquinone, kaempferol, myricetin), while others either did not influence growth in a negative manner or enhanced growth by a maximum of 50% increase in biomass (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, gallic acid, resorcinol, vanillic acid). …

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Molecular Cloning, Characterization, And Homologous Expression Of An Endochitinase Gene From Bacillus Thuringiensis Serovar Morrisoni, Sezer Okay, Gülay Özcengi̇z Jan 2011

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, And Homologous Expression Of An Endochitinase Gene From Bacillus Thuringiensis Serovar Morrisoni, Sezer Okay, Gülay Özcengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Biology

The endochitinase gene (chi3023) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) serovar morrisoni strain 3023 was amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned in Escherichia coli. The ORF of chi3023 (GenBank Accession Number: DQ993175) consists of 2031 nucleotides encoding a 676-residue protein with a calculated molecular mass of 74.5 kDa and a pI value of 6.0. The amino acid sequence of Chi3023 was compared with previously sequenced Bt chitinases and the phylogenetic relationships among them were determined. The deduced N-terminal 34 amino acids of the premature Chi3023 exhibited a typical signal peptide. The E. coli-Bt shuttle vector pHT315 was used for homologous …

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The Effects Of Uv Radiation On Some Structural And Ultrastructural Parameters In Pepper (Capsicum Longum A.Dc.), Siavash Hosseini Sarghein, Jirair Carapetian, Jalil Khara Jan 2011

The Effects Of Uv Radiation On Some Structural And Ultrastructural Parameters In Pepper (Capsicum Longum A.Dc.), Siavash Hosseini Sarghein, Jirair Carapetian, Jalil Khara

Turkish Journal of Biology

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on the structure and ultrastructure of pepper plants (Capsicum longum A.DC.) exposed to UV radiation under greenhouse conditions. The plants were grown in a growth chamber under uniform environmental conditions and after 35 days were exposed to UV-A and UV-C radiation for 15 and 8 days, respectively. Changes in root growth were not significant, but shoot growth decreased in UV-R-exposed plants and decreased significantly in UV-C-exposed plants. Leaf area also decreased in UV-R-exposed plants and decreased significantly in UV-C-exposed plants. Root thickness was not affected by UV treatment, but stem …

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Biochemical Factors Involved In The Resistance Of Some Smoked Tropical Fish Samples To Insect Attack, Akinola John Akintola, Oluwatoyin Lawal Jan 2011

Biochemical Factors Involved In The Resistance Of Some Smoked Tropical Fish Samples To Insect Attack, Akinola John Akintola, Oluwatoyin Lawal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The role of mineral elements (ppm), protein and oil content (%), and saponification and free fatty acid values in contributing to resistance against insect infestation was investigated in 4 fish species: Clarias gariepinus, Parachuma obscura, Hydrocynus sp., and Malapterus electricus. Smoked fish samples were purchased from a local market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, packaged, and maintained at 4 ^°C for 7 days. They were later brought out to acclimatise, and then observed for 4 months for possible natural insect infestation. Next, crushed samples of each species were analysed using conventional chemical analysis in order to assess the role of …

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Antioxidant Properties Of Different Extracts Of Black Mulberry (Morus Nigra L.), Türkan Kutlu, Gökhan Durmaz, Burhan Ateş, İsmet Yilmaz, M. Şevket Çeti̇n Jan 2011

Antioxidant Properties Of Different Extracts Of Black Mulberry (Morus Nigra L.), Türkan Kutlu, Gökhan Durmaz, Burhan Ateş, İsmet Yilmaz, M. Şevket Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

In vitro antioxidant properties of 3 different extracts of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) were investigated. Acidified methanol, acidified water, and non-acidified methanol/water solutions were used to prepare extracts. Different solvents caused different protonation on black mulberry anthocyanin structures, which were predicted according to their UV-VIS spectrum. Extracts indicated 2 main peaks at about ~280 and ~520 nm with different peak areas in their UV-VIS spectrum. The rank of extracts' total phenolic content and reducing power values were both found to be in correlation with their absorbance at ~280 nm. Meanwhile the same relationship was observed between DPPH scavenging activity …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2011

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Possible Seasonal Variation Of The Fatty Acid Composition From Melanopsis Praemorsa (L., 1758) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia), From Southeast Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen Jan 2011

Possible Seasonal Variation Of The Fatty Acid Composition From Melanopsis Praemorsa (L., 1758) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia), From Southeast Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen

Turkish Journal of Biology

Possible seasonal variations of the fatty acid composition (neutral lipid, phospholipid, and total lipid content) of the freshwater snail Melanopsis praemorsa were investigated over the course of a year. Snail body lipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography. Fatty acid composition of total body lipid, phospholipid, and neutral lipid of whole snail and total lipid of their algal food were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:0, C16:1\omega7, C18:1\omega9, C18:2\omega6, and C18:3\omega3 acids in the lipid analyses of the snail and in its food. Odd-numbered fatty acids and C20 polyunsaturated …

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Influence Of Salinity On The Growth And Heavy Metal Accumulation Capacity Of Spirodela Polyrrhiza (Lemnaceae), Zeli̇ha Leblebi̇ci̇, Ahmet Aksoy, Fati̇h Duman Jan 2011

Influence Of Salinity On The Growth And Heavy Metal Accumulation Capacity Of Spirodela Polyrrhiza (Lemnaceae), Zeli̇ha Leblebi̇ci̇, Ahmet Aksoy, Fati̇h Duman

Turkish Journal of Biology

Given that the characteristic of free floating plants to uptake metals can have a positive effect on the efficiency of the remediation process of a wetland, it is important to investigate the factors that may impact the process of uptake of metals by the plants. By conducting this present study over a short duration of time, the effects of salinity on the growth, the content of the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid), and heavy metal uptake by Spirodela polyrrhiza were investigated. It was also observed that at a high level of salinity (100 and 200 mM NaCl) the …

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The Antioxidant And Dna Protection Potential Of Indian Tribal Medicinal Plants, Gunjan Guha, Venkatadri Rajkumar, Lazar Mathew, Rangasamy Ashok Kumar Jan 2011

The Antioxidant And Dna Protection Potential Of Indian Tribal Medicinal Plants, Gunjan Guha, Venkatadri Rajkumar, Lazar Mathew, Rangasamy Ashok Kumar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Prevention and treatment of various degenerative diseases using traditional medicines is increasingly generating interest, especially in geriatric clinical research. This study aimed to evaluate the free-radical scavenging properties and potential to prevent DNA damage (from oxidative stress) of 56 extracts (polar and non-polar) from 14 medicinal plants (from 12 families) used by diverse Indian tribes and ethnic groups. Although widely known for traditional uses, these plants have not been extensively used for clinical purposes. Scavenging of DPPH^{\bullet} radical by all the extracts was evaluated to estimate their antioxidant potential and rank them accordingly. Extracts occupying the top 10 ranks were …

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Evaluation Of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, And Antioxidant Potentials Of Some Edible Oils And Their Fatty Acid Profiles, İlkay Erdoğan Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Bi̇lge Şener Jan 2011

Evaluation Of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, And Antioxidant Potentials Of Some Edible Oils And Their Fatty Acid Profiles, İlkay Erdoğan Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Bi̇lge Şener

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the current study, the oils obtained from the nuts of Corylus avellana L. (hazelnut), Arachis hypogea L. (peanut, groundnut), Pinus pinea L. (umbrella nut), and Juglans regia L. (walnut) were tested for their antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and antimicrobial activity against the standard and isolated strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis as well as the fungi Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis by microdilution method, in which inhibition was expressed as minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs). Moreover, antiviral activity of the oils was determined using Herpes simplex (HSV) …

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The Composition Of The Essential Oils Of Calamintha Pamphylica Subspecies, Sevi̇m Alan, Mi̇ne Kürkçüoğlu, K.H.C. Başer Jan 2011

The Composition Of The Essential Oils Of Calamintha Pamphylica Subspecies, Sevi̇m Alan, Mi̇ne Kürkçüoğlu, K.H.C. Başer

Turkish Journal of Biology

The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Calamintha pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. pamphylica (A,B), subsp. davisii (Quezel & Contandr.) P.H.Davis (C,D,E), and subsp. alanyense S.Alan & Ocak (F) were analyzed using GC/MS. Menthyl acetate (26.2%-40.7%), menthol (13.5%-18.7%), and pulegone (7.7%-13.0%) were the main constituents in samples A and B; menthone (21.7%), pulegone (19.7%), and menthyl acetate (9.8%) were detected in sample C; isomenthyl acetate (16.7%), isomenthone (13.4%), and menthyl acetate (13.0%) were detected in sample D; menthyl acetate (20.9%), menthol (15.4%), and menthone (14.7%) were detected in sample E; and hexadecanoic acid (30.1%), menthyl acetate …

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Molecular Diversity Of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated From Pasinler Hot Spring (Erzurum, Turkey), Ahmet Adigüzel, Kadri̇ye İnan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, Tüli̇n Arasoğlu, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Özlem Bariş Jan 2011

Molecular Diversity Of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated From Pasinler Hot Spring (Erzurum, Turkey), Ahmet Adigüzel, Kadri̇ye İnan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, Tüli̇n Arasoğlu, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Özlem Bariş

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of thermophilic bacteria isolated from Pasinler hot spring, Erzurum, Turkey. Fatty acid profiles, BOX PCR fingerprints, and 16S rDNA sequence data were used for the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of thermophilic bacteria. Totally 9 different bacterial strains were selected based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests. These strains were characterized by molecular tests including fatty acid and BOX profiles, and 16S rDNA sequence. The data of fatty acid analysis showed the presence of 14 different fatty acids in the 9 bacterial strains examined. Additionally, 5 of these fatty …

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Effects Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria On Fruit Set, Pomological And Chemical Characteristics, Color Values, And Vegetative Growth Of Sour Cherry (Prunus Cerasus Cv. Kütahya), Hali̇l Karakurt, Recep Kotan, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu, Rafet Aslantaş, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n Jan 2011

Effects Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria On Fruit Set, Pomological And Chemical Characteristics, Color Values, And Vegetative Growth Of Sour Cherry (Prunus Cerasus Cv. Kütahya), Hali̇l Karakurt, Recep Kotan, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu, Rafet Aslantaş, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was performed to determine effects of 4 plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus subtilis OSU - 142, Bacillus megaterium M - 3, Burkholderia cepacia OSU - 7, and Pseudomonas putida BA - 8) alone and in combinations on fruit set of sour cherry trees (Prunus cerasus L., cv. Kütahya), and to investigate their resulting pomological and chemical characteristics as well as vegetative growth. All the tested bacterial strains alone or some of their combinations have a great potential to increase especially fruit set and plant vegetative growth, and indirectly affect fruit pomological and chemical characteristics. Therefore, they may be …

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Isolation And Identification Of Lactic Acid Bacteria From Boza, And Their Microbial Activity Against Several Reporter Strains, Meri̇h Kivanç, Meral Yilmaz, Erdoğan Çakir Jan 2011

Isolation And Identification Of Lactic Acid Bacteria From Boza, And Their Microbial Activity Against Several Reporter Strains, Meri̇h Kivanç, Meral Yilmaz, Erdoğan Çakir

Turkish Journal of Biology

A total of 45 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from 10 different boza samples consumed in Turkey. The isolates were identified with respect to colonial, cellular morphology, and biochemical characters based on API CHL50 (Biomérieux) kit and also automated riboprinting was used to identify of the isolates. These isolates were tested for inhibitory activity against food-borne bacterial pathogens. Antimicrobial effects of these lactic acid bacteria were determined by the agar spot test and also agar diffusion method. As a result of the RiboPrinter® Microbial Characterization System (DuPont Qualicon) lactic acid bacteria isolates having antimicrobial activity (45 isolates) were identified as …

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Comparative Analysis Of Dna Extracted From Fish Species Preserved In Formalin In Two Different Periods, Manickam Raja, Murugan Muralidharan, Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam Jan 2011

Comparative Analysis Of Dna Extracted From Fish Species Preserved In Formalin In Two Different Periods, Manickam Raja, Murugan Muralidharan, Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam

Turkish Journal of Biology

DNA was extracted from 2 cyprinid fishes kept under formalin preservation in 2 different time durations, and the quality and quantity were analyzed. The tissue samples from specimens preserved for shorter duration yielded higher quantity of DNA compared to long-term preserved tissues. ANOVA (one way) on the quantity of the DNA from the samples of 2 periods showed that the genetic material obtained from the recently preserved samples was highly significant (P > 0.001). The quality of the genetic material irrespective of the period of preservation was found to be the same. The purpose of the study was to check the …

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The Expression Of Cardiotrophin-1 Is Differentially Regulated In Murine And Human Obesity Type Ii Diabetes, Kelesha Crystal Sarjeant Jan 2011

The Expression Of Cardiotrophin-1 Is Differentially Regulated In Murine And Human Obesity Type Ii Diabetes, Kelesha Crystal Sarjeant

LSU Master's Theses

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in all developed nations. Several independent studies have shown that cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) serum levels are modulated in patients with various types of cardiovascular disease including ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, and accelerated arthrosclerosis. CT-1 is a member of the Interleukin-6 family, or gp130 family of cytokines. It is also known to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo, and is a critical component for cardiomyocyte survival. CT-1 is a naturally occurring protein with a molecular mass of approximately 21.5 kD and a 200 amino acid long sequence, it was discovered …

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Influence Of Sand Topdressing On Bermudagrass Thatch Decomposition, Dustin S. Parker Jan 2011

Influence Of Sand Topdressing On Bermudagrass Thatch Decomposition, Dustin S. Parker

LSU Master's Theses

Methods to control thatch layers in mature turfgrasses have relied on sand-topdressing and/or mechanical removal. Mechanical removal of thatch through vertical mowing and aerification is effective but disruptive to playing surfaces compared to sand topdressing. As a result, many turf managers have opted to implement sand-topdressing regiments as their primary method for reducing thatch buildup. This research was conducted to 1) determine the effect of cultivar on thatch decomposition and 2) examine the effect of sand topdressing on thatch microenvironment and decomposition. Sand topdressing treatments consisting of sterilized or non-sterilized sand applied at 0.4 cm 14 d-1 or as a …

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Use Of Harvest Aid In Soybean: Application Timing, Economics And Interactions In Ipm Programs, Joseph Michael Boudreaux Jan 2011

Use Of Harvest Aid In Soybean: Application Timing, Economics And Interactions In Ipm Programs, Joseph Michael Boudreaux

LSU Master's Theses

Indeterminate and determinate soybean (Glycine max (L). Merr.) cultivars were treated with the harvest aids, paraquat and sodium chlorate, when moisture of seed collected from the uppermost four nodes of plants averaged 60, 50, 40, 30, and 20% (+ or - 2%). Harvest aid application at 60% seed moisture reduced yield of the Maturity Group (MG) IV indeterminate cultivar 15%, but yield was not affected with application at 50% seed moisture. For MG V and MG VI determinate cultivars, application at 60 and 50% seed moisture reduced yield 4 to 22%, but yield was not affected when harvest aid was …

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Anti-Microbial Self-Assembling "Click" Monolayers Utilizing Silver Nanoparticles For Indwelling Medical Devices, Emily Ann Hodges Jan 2011

Anti-Microbial Self-Assembling "Click" Monolayers Utilizing Silver Nanoparticles For Indwelling Medical Devices, Emily Ann Hodges

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize antimicrobial, silver nanoparticles based self-assembling monolayer coatings, for use on chronic indwelling medical devices. The coatings are comprised of novel biomass mediated silver nano particles (SNP) that are biocompatible, highly concentrated, highly pure, cost-effective, polydispersed and compatible for use with existing chronic indwelling medical devices. The HPC SNPs were functionalized with an azide functional group and covalently bound to titanium substrates via ¨Dclick¡¬ chemistry.

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Effects Of Row Spacing And Debris Distribution On Small Mammal And Vegetation Communities In Newly Established Loblolly Pine Plantations, Louisiana, Joshua Lee Grace Jan 2011

Effects Of Row Spacing And Debris Distribution On Small Mammal And Vegetation Communities In Newly Established Loblolly Pine Plantations, Louisiana, Joshua Lee Grace

LSU Master's Theses

Commercial pine (Pinus spp.) forests in the southeastern United States are key to providing fiber for global wood supply needs. Concern has arisen over possible effects of intensive forest management techniques, including row spacing and distribution of woody debris after logging, on plant and wildlife communities. Therefore, we quantified response of plant and small mammal communities in replanted loblolly pine (P. taeda) stands to mechanical site preparation including 2 levels of row spacing and 2 methods of distributing woody debris following harvest in north and southeastern Louisiana, USA. Sites (n=16) were prepared with a combination of row spacing between planting …

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Leiodermatolide, A Potent Antimitotic Macrolide From The Marine Sponge Leiodermatium Sp., Ian Paterson, S. M. Dalby, J. C. Roberts, G. J. Naylor, Esther A. Guzman, Richard A. Isbrucker, Tara P. Pitts, P. A. Linley, D. B. Divlianska, John K. Reed, Amy E. Wright Jan 2011

Leiodermatolide, A Potent Antimitotic Macrolide From The Marine Sponge Leiodermatium Sp., Ian Paterson, S. M. Dalby, J. C. Roberts, G. J. Naylor, Esther A. Guzman, Richard A. Isbrucker, Tara P. Pitts, P. A. Linley, D. B. Divlianska, John K. Reed, Amy E. Wright

Faculty Scholarship

Marine macrolides that selectively disrupt cell cycle events continue to occupy a central position as lead compounds in the ongoing search for novel anticancer agents, [1, 2] highlighted by the recent FDA approval of Halaven (eribulin mesylate, a fully synthetic analogue of the halichondrins) for the treatment of advanced breast cancer.[3] Lithistid sponges have proven to be a particularly fertile source[4] of such biologically relevant polyketide metabolites, including dictyostatin [5] and discodermolide. [5d, 6] As part of a continued program aimed at the discovery of novel bioactive natural products from deepwater marine invertebrates, we have examined the relatively Unexplored [7] …

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Animal Scavengers As Agents Of Decomposition: The Postmortem Succession Of Louisiana Wildlife, Audra Leigh Jones Jan 2011

Animal Scavengers As Agents Of Decomposition: The Postmortem Succession Of Louisiana Wildlife, Audra Leigh Jones

LSU Master's Theses

Four adult pig carcasses were placed within a wildlife center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in order to determine what conditions animals utilize carrion and which animal species engage in scavenging. The cadavers were deposited without any protective covering and wildlife cameras were placed around the pigs in order to document animal scavenging. In two cases cameras showed that coyotes were the initial animal scavengers followed by opossums. In another case coyotes were inferred to have scavenged the pig due to discovering a similar pattern of disarticulation as compared to the previous two scenes. In the third case turkey vultures skeletonized …

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Trials & Tributaries: Myth And Disaster In Southern Louisiana, Hannah March Campbell Sanders Jan 2011

Trials & Tributaries: Myth And Disaster In Southern Louisiana, Hannah March Campbell Sanders

LSU Master's Theses

Trials and Tributaries examines recent disasters occurring in southern Louisiana, interpreted through the Greek myths The Twelve Labors of Herakles. Mankind’s false sense of control over Louisiana’s resources leaves us vulnerable to nature’s powerful acts of reclamation: hurricanes, floods and the ground sinking beneath our feet. While researching the details and origins of The Twelve Labors, I found a plethora of similarities with local culture, politics and natural disasters. The characters in these narrative prints include hybrid monsters drawn from Greek mythology, which I have then further augmented with various forms of local south Louisiana fauna and contemporary political figures. …

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Geomicrobiology Of Louisiana Coastal Marshes Before And After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Chang Liu Jan 2011

Geomicrobiology Of Louisiana Coastal Marshes Before And After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Chang Liu

LSU Master's Theses

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico not only impacted open ocean and shoreline geochemical and ecological environments, but it served to promote research of microbial ecosystems in poorly studied habitats, such as Louisiana marshes. Sediment and water samples from four main marshes in southern Louisiana were collected in May 2010 (pre-oil), September 2010 (oiled), and June 2011 (post-oil). Sites near the Mississippi River had exceptionally low salinity in the immediate months following the oil spill due to freshwater diversion efforts; salinity increased by an order of magnitude one year later. Microbial diversity was evaluated from …

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Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson Jan 2011

Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

Insecticide, greenhouse and varietal resistance experiments were conducted in Texas to develop management tactics for the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), sugarcane. A 3-treatment, large plot aerial application study was set up in 5 commercial sugarcane fields (35-84 acres) to evaluate the utilization of pheromone traps to improve chemical control strategies for E. loftini during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. A threshold of 20-25 moths/trap/wk was used as an indicator to initiate monitoring for E. loftini larval infestations. Larval infestations were directly related to the no. of moths/trap/wk (R2=0.71). Reductions in borer injury and adult emergence (60% and 40% …

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Demography, Paleopathology, And Health Status Of The Moche Remains In Huambacho, Peru: A Comprehensive Osteological Analysis, Emily Grace Jan 2011

Demography, Paleopathology, And Health Status Of The Moche Remains In Huambacho, Peru: A Comprehensive Osteological Analysis, Emily Grace

LSU Master's Theses

The Moche civilization, which thrived in northern Peru from AD 100-800, influenced a vast area that extended to the southernmost monumental site of Pañamarca. Huambacho, an archaeological site in the Nepeña Valley, which dates to the Early Horizon (600-200 cal BC), has yielded multiple Moche graves uncovered by the Proyecto Huambacho (2003-2004). The graves provide the first evidence of Moche presence outside of the neighboring Pañamarca monumental complex. This research entailed the osteological analysis of eleven individuals from nine Moche grave contexts at Huambacho, including the analysis of demographic features, pathology, trauma, and antemortem cultural modifications. Methodology included the visual …

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